急性缺氧条件下轻运动负荷脑电的变化及分布特征

本文实验研究了不同高度急性缺氧条件下运动状态脑电的变化,观察了低压舱内轻体力负荷对人体脑电的影响。结果表明,急性缺氧下轻体力负荷脑电的变化特点是:在以快波节律为主,α波普遍被阻抑的背景下,脑电图随缺氧高度的增加慢波(δ、θ)增加,α波出现并增加,而快波相对减少。经计算处理,δ、θ、α频段功量及分配指数随高度和时间的增加而增加。β频段功量相对稳定,但其分配指数呈降低趋势。这些变化在6000m缺氧高度具有统计学意义。     

睡眠剥夺疲劳模型大鼠脑电分析

目的 通过睡眠剥夺(SD)疲劳模型大鼠造模过程中动态脑电的分析,研究疲劳程度随睡眠剥夺时间的动态变化.方法 本文采用小水站台睡眠剥夺动物疲劳模型,连续72 h记录造模过程中以及恢复48 h大鼠的行为和脑电信号;应用自行开发的脑电分析程序计算分析时间窗内脑电的α,θ,β波频谱能量占总能量的百分比及(α+θ)/β比值;并分...     

经皮穴位电刺激对大脑神经功能活动影响研究进展

传统中医经脉穴位针灸调节机体生理功能有着重要作用,通过定量物理刺激穴位手段来探索大脑高级神经活动的机制受到关注。从经皮穴位电刺激、基于脑电和功能磁共振成像构建脑功能网络、脑电功率谱密度、相位同步性、复杂度特征和默认模式网络及各种客观变量(如针刺方式)影响等方面回顾了该领域的研究现状、存在问题;归纳小结了有关研究进展及其在脑电θ波段同步性、子频带能量变化、默认模式网络以及针对多穴位协同研究较少且结果模糊等不足之处。     

排球运动员中枢神经系统机能监控相关指标研究

目的:为构建排球运动员中枢神经系统机能监控指标体系提供依据。方法:对上海成年男、女排,青年男、女排运动员共计46人进行中枢神经机能状态相关指标的测试分析。结果:(1)当运动员出现严重心理疲劳时(ABQ加权总分≥0.50),我们选取的评价中枢神经系统机能状态的指标泌乳素、色氨酸、游离色氨酸、游离色氨酸/支链氨基酸比值、POMS疲劳值及TMD、PSQI总分均出现明显升高(P<0.01),而评价运动员机能状态的指标血睾酮、血睾酮/皮质醇、POMS精力值均显著下降(P<0.01);支链氨基酸,额区安静自发脑电α、β、δ功率及失匹配负波(MMN)与无严重心理疲劳的运动员相比均无明显差异(P>0.05)。(2)严重心理疲劳(ABQ加权总分≥0.50)的运动员支链氨基酸与F3MMN(200-250)、F4MMN(200-250)呈显著负相关(P<0.01);游离色氨酸/支链氨基酸比值与F3MMN(100-150)、F4MMN(150-200)成显著正相关(P<0.05)。结论:(1)血清色氨酸,游离色氨酸,支链氨基酸,游离色氨酸/支链氨基酸比值及泌乳素,睾酮,睾酮/皮质醇,自陈量表(PSQI总分、ABQ加权总分、POMS精力值、POMS疲劳值、POMS总分TMD),额区安静自发脑电α、β、δ功率和失匹配负波(MMN)等指标可用于中枢神经系统机能状态综合评定体系中;(2)支链氨基酸、游离色氨酸/支链氨基酸比值可能可以作为无法进行脑电评估时评价中枢神经系统机能状态的间接客观指标。     

秋千诱发运动病自发脑电的变化

本文对11名健康男性青年(19—24岁)秋千诱发运动病过程中自发脑电连续记录并进行了功率谱分析。结果表明:出现运动病症状后,11名被试者脑电图都有显著改变。其中8人以脑前部(额、中央)θ频段(4.0～7.75Hz)的积分值显著上升为主,并且其变化与运动病症状得分(SS)有一致性趋势,但其α频段(8.0～11.75Hz)积分值没有显著性下降。这8人中有5人出现了θ节律性爆发;另外3人则以脑后部(枕、顶)α频段的显著下降为主,其变化与SS值没有明显的一致性,θ频段没有显著性改变。脑电θ及α节律的变化在一定程度上可反映运动病症状的程度。脑电图的上述变化结合运动病时出现的困倦、四肢无力等症状可以推测,运动病发生时大脑网状结构和皮层的兴奋性受到了一定程度的抑制。     

脑电图功率谱变化对MCI患者脑血管狭窄的诊断价值

目的探讨脑电图功率谱变化对轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)患者脑血管狭窄的诊断价值。方法 100例MCI患者被分为无脑血管狭窄组、轻度脑血管狭窄组、重度脑血管狭窄组,所有患者行常规脑电图记录,比较分析3组的α频段、θ频段、δ频段相对功率值及α/θ值,通过脑电图功率谱分析,对脑血管狭窄程度做出诊断。结果α频段相对功率值和α/θ值随脑血管狭窄程度下降,θ频段、δ频段相对功率值随脑血管狭窄程度升高,脑电图功率谱分析对无脑血管狭窄、轻度脑血管狭窄、重度脑血管狭窄的诊断符合率分别为87.18%、81.25%、96.55%,总体诊断符合率为88.00%,诊断一致性较好(kappa=0.819,P<0.05),诊断有无脑血管狭窄的ROC曲线下面积为0.905(P<0.05)。结论α频段、δ和θ频段及α/θ值的改变可作为提示脑血管狭窄程度的观察指标;脑电图功率谱变化对MCI患者脑血管狭窄病情有较好的诊断价值。     

急性颅脑损伤脑电地形图的临床研究

分析 14 0例颅脑损伤的临床资料 ,按颅脑损伤分型标准分轻、中、重型 ,分别在伤后不同时期作脑电地形图(BEAM)。结果显示 ,损伤越重 ,昏迷时间越长 ,BEAM功率谱越低 ,如θ、δ频段持续时间越长 ,则预后不良     

低能量He-Ne激光照射兔鼻腔时脑电的变化

目的 观察低能量He-Ne激光照射兔鼻腔对其脑生物电的影响。方法 采用1.5mW He-Ne激光每日照射1次,每次20min,共照射兔鼻腔5次,记录脑电图。结果 照射后脑电频谱由高频带移向低频带,相应的功率值增加;照射后7天,频带又由低转向高,功率值降低。照射后δ波绝对功能值增加,β和α_3则减低,θ波无显著变化;照射后7天,δ和θ波功能值显著降低,β波功能值显著增加,α_1、α_2、α_3分别与照射后第一日比较,功率值均显著增加。结果 低能量He-Ne激光照射兔鼻腔可引起脑生物电的显著变化,先引起皮层功能抑制,继之兴奋性增高。此结果为治疗某些中枢神经系统疾病提供了参考依据。     

优秀男子短距离场地自行车运动员脑电变化分析

目的:观察不同水平男子短距离场地自行车运动员脑电变化,为探讨自行车运动员技术动作发挥的中枢机制提供依据.方法:研究对象为8名二级和7名健将级男子自行车运动员,应用脑电图(EEG)仪测试受试者在安静闭目和表象1公里场地计时赛时的脑电变化.结果:(1)安静时,二级运动员和健将级运动员EEG的功率谱成对称性分布,且两组运动员的EEG对应各区总功率无显著性差异(P＞0.05).(2)表象时,二级运动员EEG发生去同步化,但健将级运动员EEG的功率谱成对称性分布.(3)二级运动员左、右侧顶区与枕区α指数比值表象与安静状态下相比均无显著性差异(P＞0.05),健将级运动员左、右侧有显著性差异(P＜0.05).(4)安静时,健将级运动员顶区和枕区脑电活力比值(β/α,%)与二级运动员比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05);表象时,两组运动员脑电活力比值有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:健将级男子短距离场地自行车运动员中枢神经系统对外界信息的整合及技术动作协调能力优于二级运动员.     

穴位电刺激预处理对超负荷训练大鼠心肌PKCδ和PKCε表达的影响

目的:观察穴位电刺激预处理对超负荷训练大鼠心肌PKCδ和PKCε表达的影响,探讨穴位电刺激预处理保护运动心脏的分子生物学机制。方法:23只3月龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组:空白对照组(n=5)、超负荷训练组(n=9)和穴位电刺激预处理组(n=9)。空白对照组不予任何处理;超负荷训练组和穴位电刺激预处理组进行8周游泳训练,穴位电刺激预处理组在每次训练前先行穴位电刺激,20 min/次,取穴相当于内关和足三里。空白对照组在实验结束时,其它两组在超负荷训练4、6、8周时取材,应用免疫组化法观察各组心肌组织PKCδ和PKCε表达情况。结果:4、6、8周时,超负荷训练组和穴位电刺激预处理组心肌细胞PKCδ表达与空白对照组比较均上升(P<0.05),但穴位电刺激预处理组6、8周明显低于超负荷训练组(P<0.05)。三个时间观察点,超负荷训练组PKCε表达呈逐渐下降趋势,8周末明显低于空白对照组(P<0.05),而穴位电刺激预处理组PKCε表达均保持在较高水平,显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05)。结论:穴位电刺激预处理可抑制超负荷训练后大鼠心肌PKCδ过度表达,同时维持PKCε高表达,这可能是其具有心肌保护效应的机制之一。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.