黑龙江医学1991年1-6期目录

论著作者页期小量壳核出血的临床评价·················,··,·················,············,················,·········一王明礼等(1)l成人脐病38例临床分析·········,·,·······················································,·············……裴建华等(3)1分期静脉动脉化治疗下肢严重缺血症35例报告·································…     

华西药学杂志一九九一年六卷,一九九二年七卷目录

研究论文泥胡菜化学成分的研究····”·”·“·······”·······“一”。·“·“····································……黄本东等G(1,食品中沙门氏菌的化学发光免座快速检脸······················································……杨秀岑等6(4)去痛片的多次倍率减差紫外分光光度法直接侧定·············································……张志荣等6(7)陈皮挥发油…     

《医药工业》1972年总目录

一、报刊社论、学习马列主义、 毛泽东思想经验介绍期页期页香豆素二甲醚(东喘宁)的合成方法···············……sn祛痰新药—必嗽平(Bisolvon)··················……826镇痛消炎药—炎痛静的合成方法··············……3 33镇痛新试制成功·····································,·……610新型解热止痛药—消炎痛试制成功············……18消炎痛生产的新工艺·································……     

《佳木斯医学院学报》一九八八年十一卷总目录

皮故学皮肤纹理学的历史和进展······················。···················……吕学先一(4)一(307)药学研究有机锗化物对家兔左心房功}n不应期作用机制的实验研究··················，········……马峰峻(2)一(92)氟对心脏甫肯子氏纤准电活动.勺影响···························一秦成惠等(2)一(94)氨茶碱结块变黄原因初探··············，········，··················……许宏昌等(2)一(97 )…     

1992年总目次(1期至11期)

1992年第1期(总91期)呼吸肌疲劳(综述)·····,·,·············……石玉枝(l)瘤放射疗法的研究·············~…史语今等译(35)支气管肺泡灌洗临床中的应用(综述)··”·”·“·…·短篇报道。 ················,······················……姚臣等(3)澳甲酚绿法测血清白蛋白呈色时间的探讨难治性哮喘(综述)····················一李志鹏等(5)·······································……杨国东(36)周…     

华南农业大学学报 第五卷 总目录

第一期船式拖拉机船体行驶阻力的研究····“················································……区箱刚口叱对抽即。耘诚吕切雌已彻“seemann分类研究························……毕培曦徐祥浩蔬菜地化学除草技术的研究·····················……陈友荣刘革杰侯任昭上官永斌水稻杂种一代产量与主要性状间表现型及基因型关联性的研究···············……曹世雄不同光照强度和温度对水稻光合作用和光呼吸的影响···…     

佳木斯医学院学报(双月刊)1996年总目次

调查与实验研究兰小肠毛细淋巴管吸收机能状态翅徽结构·························~······一·~·一······,········……吕来清王杰王庆林.卒一l一、l)应用模式识别综合分析血清中Zn、Cu、Cr和Se与口腔肿瘤的关系曰·~·~·~·······一·~,·~~·…王大江金维哲吕学注一1一、肋胯胧愿ras基因表达的研究···················································,···~一···~········一吴长利伟瑞发赵玉平.等一1一(5)一家…     

1992年中文总目录

论著 锅对雌性大鼠排卵功能的影响················································……丁训诚等(l) 甲基阱皮肤染毒在家兔体内的毒物动力学观察···························……张宝真等(4) 卷心菜对环磷酞胺诱发小鼠骨髓细胞染色体断裂的抑制作用·········……蔡红英等(8) 厨油及烟草凝集物对小鼠体外受精的影响·································……陈绮等(11) 30种常用蔬菜对505反应的抑制作用······…     

华南农学院学报第三卷总目录

第一期中国梧桐科苹婆放(S terculieae)植物花粉形态的研究············,,…徐祥浩龙活中国马钱科分类系统研究·················,········,············……’‘””‘·”’.””’‘””’‘’‘””’‘”“中国蒲葵属一新种······················,·················································……韦星伟廿蔗育苗移栽的研究 —甘蔗叶龄、酶活性与移栽后生长关系的研究,·············…     

福建医药杂志1982年第4卷1～6期总目录

·述评·加强医学情报工作的重要意义···4········……(2·27) .临床报道·动态心电图对双结病变的诊断价值······……(1·1)淋巴造影102例小结························……(1·2)“武夷山蛇药”治疗毒蛇咬伤357例临床观 察……,.·,··,··,····,··················,······一(1·4)慢性胃炎中医辨证分型的现代病理基础初步 探讨··········································……(1·6)消胰饮为主治疗急性胰腺炎203例临…     

Efficacy of gut lavage,hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the therapy of paraquat or diquat intoxication

Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.

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Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.

     

In vitro studies on sterically stabilized liposomes (SL) as enzyme carriers in organophosphorus (OP) antagonism

This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.     

Aquatic Insects and Trace Metals: Bioavailability,Bioaccumulation, and Toxicity

Abstract

The uptake of metals from food and water sources by insects is thought to be additive. For a given metal, the proportions taken up from water and food will depend both on the bioavailable concentration of the metal associated with each source and the mechanism and rate by which the metal enters the insect. Attempts to correlate insect trace metal concentrations with the trophic level of insects should be made with a knowledge of the feeding relationships of the individual taxa concerned. Pathways for the uptake of essential metals, such as copper and zinc, exist at the cellular level, and other nonessential metals, such as cadmium, also appear to enter via these routes. Within cells, trace metals can be bound to proteins or stored in granules. The internal distribution of metals among body tissues is very heterogeneous, and distribution patterns tend to be both metal and taxon specific. Trace metals associated with insects can be both bound on the surface of their chitinous exoskeleton and incorporated into body tissues. The quantities of trace meals accumulated by an individual reflect the net balance between the rate of metal influx from both dissolved and particulate sources and the rate of metal efflux from the organism. The toxicity of metals has been demonstrated at all levels of biological organization: cell, tissue, individual, population, and community. Much of the literature pertaining to the toxic effects of metals on aquatic insects is based on laboratory observations and, as such, it is difficult to extrapolate the data to insects in nature. The few experimental studies in nature suggest that trace metal contaminants can affect both the distribution and the abundance of aquatic insects. Insects have a largely unexploited potential as biomonitors of metal contamination in nature. A better understanding of the physico-chemical and biological mechanisms mediating trace metal bioavailability and exchange will facilitate the development of general predictive models relating trace metal concentrations in insects to those in their environment. Such models will facilitate the use of insects as contaminant biomonitors.     

Pharmacological treatment of COVID-19: an opinion paper

The precocity and efficacy of the vaccines developed so far against COVID-19 has been the most significant and saving advance against the pandemic. The development of vaccines has not prevented, during the whole period of the pandemic, the constant search for therapeutic medicines, both among existing drugs with different indications and in the development of new drugs. The Scientific Committee of the COVID-19 of the Illustrious College of Physicians of Madrid wanted to offer an early, simplified and critical approach to these new drugs, to new developments in immunotherapy and to what has been learned from the immune response modulators already known and which have proven effective against the virus, in order to help understand the current situation.     

Alzheimer’s disease – current trends in basic and clinical research. Highlights from the 16th ECNP

Advances in the molecular biological knowledge of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have led to a growing interest by the pharmaceutical industry in the development of novel compounds that selectively modulate nAChR function. The ability of (-)-nicotine, an activator of nAChRs, to enhance attentional aspects of cognition in animals and humans, to exert neuroprotective and anxiolytic-like effects, and presumably to mediate the negative correlation between smoking and Alzheimer's (and Parkinson's) Disease, has focused interest on the potential therapeutic utility of modulators of nAChR function for treatment of some of the deficits associated with these progressive, neurodegenerative conditions. Numerous compounds are known which activate nAChRs and which might serve as lead compounds toward the development of such agents. The pharmacologic diversity of neuronal nAChR subtypes suggests the possibility of developing selective compounds which would have more favourable side-effect profiles than existing agents. This broader class of agents, collectively called cholinergic channel modulators (ChCMs), is anticipated to encompass compounds which would have more favourable side-effect profiles than existing agents, which generally exhibit low selectivity. This selectivity may be achieved by preferentially activating some subtypes of nAChRs (i.e., Cholinergic Channel Activators, ChCAs) or inhibiting the function of other subtypes (Cholinergic Channel Inhibitors, ChCIs). An overview of the biology of nAChRs and the rationale for the use of ChCMs for the treatment of dementia related to neurodegenerative diseases are presented, followed by a discussion of lead compounds and compounds under consideration for clinical evaluation.     

Steroidal sapogenin contents in some domestic plants

In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.