C反应蛋白测定在小儿败血症中的应用

目的　本研究的目的在了解C反应蛋白的 (CRP)测定对于小儿败血症的诊断价值。方法　连续选取2 0例白细胞总数不高的小儿败血症患者 ,作回顾性研究对象。比较其治疗前和治疗后 7～ 1 0d后疾病的痊愈或明显好转时CRP水平 ,并与体温、白细胞分类结果进行比较。结果　治疗后CRP水平 (0 57± 0 68μg/ml)显著低于治疗前水平 (5 90± 3 57μg/ml) ,P <0 0 0 1 ;治疗前CRP的阳性率为 1 0 0 % ,显著高于嗜中性粒细胞比率 >75 %的阳性率 (30 % )和体温高于 37 5℃的阳性率 (30 % ) ,P <0 0 0 5。结论　CRP可以作为一种反映细菌感染的敏感指标 ,有助于不典型小儿败血症的诊断和疗效观察。     

儿童重症肺炎血清致炎性细胞因子变化及意义探讨

目的观察不同程度小儿肺炎时,血清致炎性细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子(TNFα)、白细胞介素6和8(IL-6、IL-8)的动态变化及其临床意义。方法对2002~2003年杭州市中医院儿科收治的肺炎患儿74例,根据病情轻重将患儿分为重症肺炎组(51例)、非重症肺炎组(23例)。采用ELISA法测定治疗前后的血清TNFα、IL-6、IL-8的动态变化。同步测定两组治疗前后的血C反应蛋白和血白细胞总数的动态变化。结果重症肺炎患儿的血清TNFα(55.94±28.99pg/ml)、IL-6(151.60、±68.75pg/ml)、IL-8(39.09±16.97pg/ml)浓度明显高于非重症肺炎患儿的血清TNFα(13.96±8.01pg/ml)、IL-6(33.76±17.16pg/ml)和IL-8(7.74±3.34pg/ml),两组之间的差异有非常显著意义(P<0.01)。治疗后,重症肺炎组的血清TNFα(18.08±7.26pg/ml)、IL-6(11.95±5.11pg/ml)、IL-8(5.81±2.64pg/ml)水平较治疗前明显下降,治疗前后比较差异有非常显著意义(P<0.01),非重症肺炎患儿的血清TNFα(8.49±4.72pg/ml)、IL-6(8.3±3.31pg/ml)水平较治疗前有明显下降,差异有非常显著意义(P<0.01),而IL-8(6.74±2.51pg/ml)的浓度变化其差异无显著性(P>0.05)。血清C反应蛋白(CRP)和血白细胞总数呈相似的变化,重症肺炎组患儿血CRP(40.18±18.83mg/L)和白细胞总数[(11.883±4.553)×109/L]均高于非重症肺炎组CRP(8.21±5.51mg/L)和白细胞总数[(8.850±2.492)×109/L)。治疗后重症肺炎组血CRP仍高于非重症肺炎组(P<0.01),血白细胞总数在两组间差异无显著意义。结论在小儿肺炎的发病过程中,存在着致炎性细胞因子TNFα、IL-6、IL-8的过度释放。TNFα、IL-6、IL-8可作为反映肺炎严重程度的监测指标。     

C反应蛋白和WBC联合检测对小儿肺炎支原体肺炎的诊断价值

目的探讨C反应蛋白(CRP)和白细胞计数(WBC)联合检测对小儿肺炎支原体肺炎感染的诊断价值。方法选取我院2017年1月～2019年3月期间诊断为肺炎支原体肺炎(MMP)的患儿60例(MPP组),细菌性肺炎患儿63例(细菌性肺炎组),健康体检儿童50例(健康对照组),回顾性分析CRP和WBC检测结果。比较两种指标的阳性率并采用t检验比较三组研究对象两种指标的浓度水平。结果 (1)CRP和WBC的阳性率在细菌性肺炎组和MPP组中均显著高于对照组(P0.05),其中细菌性肺炎组阳性率更高。(2)细菌性肺炎组WBC和CRP水平浓度分别为(15.4±2.9)×10~9/L、(38.7±4.5)mg/L,明显高于MPP组的(11.7±2.2)×10~9/L、(14.5±1.6)mg/L,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);MPP组与对照组相比较WBC和CRP水平均明显升高(P0.05)。结论 CRP和WBC对肺炎支原体感染均有较好的辅助诊断价值,两者联合检测有助于临床对小儿肺炎支原体的鉴别诊断和治疗。     

80岁以上老年社区获得性肺炎患者临床特点及血清C-反应蛋白表达的意义

目的：探讨高龄老人社区获得性肺炎（CAP）的临床特点以及C-反应蛋白（CRP）检测在老年CAP中的临床应用价值。方法从基础疾病、化验、检查、伴随症状等方面分析2009年1月~2013年12月在空军总医院干部病房住院的120例80岁以上社区获得性肺炎患者，并观察治疗前后血清CRP水平，比较治疗前患者CRP、体温、白细胞计数情况。结果高龄老年CAP患者的临床症状不典型，容易出现神经系统症状，以革兰阴性杆菌感染为主。治疗前CRP阳性（>8 mg/L）107例（89.2%），体温阳性（>37℃）64例（53.3%），白细胞计数阳性（>10×109/L）39例（32.5%），CRP阳性率显著高于体温、白细胞计数的阳性率，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后CRP≤8 mg/L患者由治疗前13例增加至105例，治疗前、后比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论临床医师座掌握老年CAP患者的发病特点，尽早及时、全面治疗，CRP可作为早期诊断老年CAP及判断疗效的敏感指标。     

老年肺炎患者血清C反应蛋白检测的临床意义

目的了解血清C反应蛋白(SURP)水平测定在老年性肺炎的诊断与疗效中价值.方法比较46例单纯性老年肺炎患者治疗前后SURP水平、白细泡总数和白细胞分类的变化,及其与30例对照组之间的差异.结果治疗前SURP水平(5.76士2.44)μg/ml和中性粒细胞比率＞75%的的阳性率显著高于对照组(3.49士0.21)μg/ml和治疗后(3.78士0.36)μg/ml),P＜0.01;治疗前白细胞总数显著高于对照组和治疗后,P＜0.05;但治疗后患者SCRP水平、白细胞总数和中性粒细胞比率＞75%的阳性率与对照组无统计学差异.结论 SURP检测可以作为一项反映老年肺炎细菌感染的敏感指标,有助于老年肺炎的诊断与疗效观察.     

C-反应蛋白在小儿细菌性肺炎和支原体肺炎中的表达及临床意义

目的 探析C-反应蛋白(CRP)在小儿细菌性肺炎和支原体肺炎中的表达及临床意义.方法 方便选取该院2013年1月—2015年12月收治的小儿细菌性肺炎(细菌性肺炎组)、支原体肺炎(支原体肺炎组)各30例,均在清晨抽取静脉血测定血清C-反应蛋白水平,比较治疗前后CRP水平.结果 细菌性肺炎组CRP水平治疗前(44.02±14.35)mg/L,治疗3 d后(15.83±6.32)mg/L,与支原体肺炎组(13.25±4.22)、(5.22±2.15)mg/L比较差异有统计学意义,P<0.05;细菌性肺炎组CRP治疗前阳性率100%,治疗3 d后阳性率53.33%与支原体肺炎组66.67%、20.00%比较差异有统计学意义,P<0.05.结论 小儿细菌性肺炎患儿CRP阳性率最高,给予CRP水平测定能够更好的与支原体肺炎进行鉴别.     

降钙素原、C反应蛋白、白细胞计数联合检测对医院获得性细菌性肺炎的诊断价值

目的:探讨降钙素原(PCT)联合C反应蛋白(CRP)及白细胞计数检测对医院获得性细菌性肺炎(HAP)的诊断价值,为临床诊断及治疗提供参考。方法:选取73例医院获得性细菌性肺炎患者及同期年龄、性别相匹配的68例非细菌性肺炎患者,于入院第1天、第3天、第7天及治疗结束后检测并比较患者血清及痰液PCT、血清CRP及白细胞计数水平及阳性率,观察细菌性肺炎组不同病原菌感染患者各指标的差异,分析各指标对医院获得性细菌性肺炎的诊断效能。结果:细菌性肺炎组患者入院第3天血清PCT较入院时明显升高(P<0.01),血清CRP水平及白细胞计数均随着治疗时间延长而逐渐下降(P<0.01),痰液PCT在各时间点间无统计学差异(P>0.05);非细菌性肺炎组患者血清CRP水平及白细胞计数均随着治疗时间延长逐渐下降(P<0.01),血清及痰液PCT在各时间点无统计学差异(P>0.05);细菌性肺炎组患者入院第3天血清PCT水平显著高于非细菌性肺炎组(P<0.05),入院第7天血清CRP水平较非细菌性肺炎组明显升高(P<0.05),治疗结束时白细胞计数明显低于非细菌性肺炎组(P<0.05)。细菌性肺炎组患者血清PCT及白细胞计数阳性率均显著高于非细菌性肺炎组(P<0.05),两组患者血清CRP及痰液PCT阳性率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。细菌性肺炎组中,革兰阴性菌感染组患者血清PCT及血清CRP水平显著高于革兰阳性菌感染组(P<0.05)。PCT及白细胞计数诊断医院获得性细菌性肺炎的特异度显著高于CRP(P<0.05),PCT及CRP诊断医院获得性细菌性肺炎的敏感度显著高于白细胞计数(P<0.05)。结论:血清PCT早期诊断HAP细菌感染敏感性及特异性较好,联合CRP及白细胞计数能够提高HAP感染中细菌性感染和非细菌性感染的鉴别诊断能力,指导临床诊断及治疗。     

抑郁症患者帕罗西汀治疗前后血清细胞因子C-反应蛋白和锌水平变化的研究

目的探讨IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、CRP、锌在抑郁症病理生理机制中的作用。方法抑郁症患者33例,符合CCMD-3和ICD-10诊断标准;正常对照组23例。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定两组血清IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α的水平,同时采用散射比浊法测定CRP,化学比色法测定锌水平。于治疗前后评定HAMD,分析抑郁症病情严重程度、病程、发病起始年龄、性别、HAMD总分及其因子分与血清IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、CRP、锌水平的关系。结果1.抑郁症组治疗前血清IL-6[(8.90±5.63)pg/ml]、TNF-α[(13.57±7.63)pg/ml]、CRP[(6.18±5.68)mg/L]水平显著高于正常对照组[(IL-6:(5.95±3.66)pg/ml,TNF-α:[12.87±5.34)pg/ml],CRP:[(2.50±1.44)mg/L],血清锌水平[(11.88±2.37)mmol/L]显著低于正常对照组[(13.60±1.90)mmol/L];抑郁症组血清锌水平[(11.19±2.21)mmol/L]女性患者显著低于男性患者(14.04±1.48)μmol/L;2.抑郁症组治疗前血清锌与HAMD中迟缓因子分有显著的正相关关系(r=0.351,P<0.05);3.帕罗西汀治疗后血清IL-6、TNF-α、CRP水平较治疗前显著下降(P<0.05),血清锌水平较治疗前显著升高(P<0.01)。结论1.血清IL-6、TNF-α、CRP水平升高可能是抑郁症的免疫学标志之一;2.锌可能对抑郁症的发病有一定作用;3.帕罗西汀可能对IL-6、TNF-α、CRP、锌有一定影响。     

降钙素原在儿童呼吸系统感染中的诊断价值

目的探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)在儿童呼吸系统感染诊断中的价值。方法选择大同煤矿集团有限责任公司总医院呼吸系统感染儿童128例(细菌感染组68例和非细菌感染组60例),应用电化学发光法检测2组儿童PCT水平,同时检测白细胞计数、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平并进行比较。结果细菌感染组PCT、CRP和白细胞计数的水平均高于非细菌感染组(P<0.05);细菌感染组PCT阳性率高于非细菌感染组(P<0.05);细菌感染组中PCT阳性率高于CRP和白细胞计数阳性率(P<0.05),非细菌感染组PCT阳性率低于CRP和白细胞计数阳性率(P<0.05)。结论 PCT、CRP和白细胞计数是儿童呼吸系统细菌感染最常用的检测指标,PCT对细菌感染的诊断价值优于白细胞计数及CRP等传统炎症指标。     

CRP、PCT及WBC与小儿细菌性肺炎的相关性分析

目的：观察C反应蛋白（ CRP）、降钙素原（ PCT）及白细胞（ WBC）在小儿肺炎诊疗过程中的的临床应用价值。方法：对我院150位肺炎患儿进行治疗前和治疗后CRP、降钙素原（PCT）、白细胞（WBC）及痰培养检测,并进行统计学分析。结果：治疗前细菌性肺炎患儿CRP水平显著高于8mg/L,阳性率达100％,治疗后显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,且CRP的阳性率明显高于WBC和痰培养,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。 C反应蛋白（CRP）、降钙素原（PCT）及白细胞（WBC）3者在小儿细菌性肺炎疾病中均有升高,但是PCT阳性率明显高于CRP和WBC,存在显著差异性（P〈0．01）。结论：C反应蛋白（CRP）、降钙素原（ PCT）、白细胞（ WBC）对小儿细菌性肺炎的诊断,鉴别诊断和指导临床早期用药有一定的价值,而且相比于CRP和WBC,PCT是一个能够更早,更灵敏地反映小儿细菌性肺炎的指标。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.