第1跖骨基底斜行闭合截骨治疗中重度(足母)外翻畸形

[目的] 回顾性研究第1跖骨基底长斜行闭合截骨治疗足母外翻的临床效果.[方法]2007年2月～2008年11月间行第1跖骨基底长斜形截骨结合远端软组织松解内侧关节囊重叠缝合治疗<足母>外翻共21例24足,均属中重度足母外翻,第1、2跖间角均大于15°,行第1跖骨基底斜行闭合截骨螺钉内固定术.[结果]平均随访7.6个月,术前平均HVA、IM 1-2角分别为31.30°±6.68°和16.62°±2.65°,术后平均HVA、IM 1-2角分别为12.96°±7.15°和9.80°±2.43°,平均矫正HAV角19.6°、IM角8.2°,术前、术后平均有明显统计学差异(P<0.001),第1跖骨长度与第2跖骨长度比术前、术后分别为(89±6.7)%、(84±5.6)%,有明显统计学差异(P<0.05).[结论] 第1跖骨基底长斜形闭合截骨手术方法治疗中重度<足母>外翻畸形可以取得比较好的矫正结果.     

第1跖骨基底开放性截骨、接骨板内固定治疗重度足母外翻

目的探讨第1跖骨基底开放性截骨骨赘撑开、接骨板内固定治疗重度足母外翻的疗效。方法 2010年4月至2012年4月共收治第1、2跖骨间夹角大于16°的重度足母外翻患者35例(56足),均采用第1跖骨基底开放性截骨接骨板内固定联合外侧关节囊松解、内侧关节囊紧缩、足母收肌松解手术治疗。测量患足负重正位X线片,并采用美国足踝外科协会(american orthopaedic foot and ankle society,AOFAS)评分标准对疗效进行评定。结果本组患者35例(56足),术后随访3～24个月,无截骨不愈合或延迟愈合,无感染发生。跖骨间夹角由术前的23.6°改善至术后的1 1.4°。AOFAS术前评分47.6分,术后评分84.0分。结论第1跖骨基底开放性截骨接骨板内固定手术治疗重度足母外翻一种较理想的术式,值得临床推广。     

第1跖骨基底截骨结合Chevron-Gerbert手术治疗严重(足母)外翻畸形

目的 探讨第1跖骨基底截骨结合Chevron-Gerbert手术治疗严重(足母)外翻畸形的临床疗效.方法 2004年6月至2008年8月利用第1跖骨基底截骨结合Chevron-Gerbert手术治疗重度(足母)外翻患者37例(66足),男性5例(10足),女性21例(38足);年龄21～76岁,平均58岁.术前、术后、随访时均拍摄足部负重位正、侧位X线片,测量(足母)外翻角、第1、2跖骨间角、近侧关节固定角.比较术前、术后6周、末次随访时(足母)外翻相关各角度的X线测量值,并结合美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)的Maryland评分法观察疗效.结果 本组患者26例(48足)得到随访,随访时间1～4年,平均2.3年.末次随访时(足母)外翻角较术前纠正25.6°±3.8°,第1、2跖骨间角较术前纠正8.6°±2.4°,近侧关节固定角较术前纠正4.7°±4.2°.根据AOFAS百分评分法评定,优15例(28足)、良8例(16足)、可3例(4足),优良率为91.7%.结论 利用第1跖骨基底截骨结合Chevron-Gerbert手术治疗严重(足母)外翻畸形的临床疗效良好,但有手术相对复杂、需行多段截骨及内固定等缺点.     

(足母)展肌腱转位联合Scarf截骨治疗中重度(足母)外翻

[目的]介绍(足母)展肌腱转位联合Scarf截骨治疗中重度(足母)外翻的手术技术。[方法] 2017年1月～2017年09月,采用Scarf截骨联合(足母)展肌腱转位治疗中、重度(足母)外翻患者32例(45足)。倒"L"形切开关节囊,显露第一跖骨内侧骨赘、矢状沟和踇展肌。自(足母)展肌腱止点处切取约1/3～1/2宽度(足母)展肌腱,切除骨赘,充分松解外侧关节囊及(足母)收肌。第一跖骨行Scarf截骨,向外侧推移第一跖骨远端,纠正增大的IMA,修整多余骨皮质,将自体骨回植于截骨间隙,防止第一跖骨头上抬,两枚螺钉固定。维持(足母)趾于正确的生理位置,缩紧缝合关节囊,将(足母)展肌断端缝合于关节囊背侧。[结果]本组患者32例共45足,第一跖骨截骨均在8周内愈合,未出现内固定松动、骨折延迟愈合及第一跖骨头坏死等并发症。末次随访时所有患者Maryland评分和影像测量的IMA、HVA、PASA均较术前显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),尽管两时间点间第一跖趾关节活动度无显著变化(P0.05)。[结论]应用(足母)展肌腱转位联合Scarf截骨可有效矫正中重度(足母)外翻畸形,且未见手术相关并发症发生。     

第一跖骨截骨术治疗(足母)外翻

我院自1996～2000年采取第1跖骨截骨术[1]治疗（足母）外翻23例42足,效果满意,现报告如下。1 一般资料本组23例42足,双侧19例,共38足,单例4例4足;其中女性21例（双侧17例,单侧4例）,男性2例均为双侧;年龄25～58岁,平均41.2岁。术前X线片示:（足母）外翻角（HVA）31°～45°,平均38.8°,跖间角（IMA）12°～16.5°,平均14.4°,术前主要症状均为（足母）外翻畸形,（足母）囊炎,穿鞋疼痛,行走困难,但均无骨关节炎。2 治疗方法2.1 截骨方法选择 第1跖骨较其他4根跖骨长者25足,行跖骨颈斜行截骨嵌插术。第1跖骨较其他4根跖骨短或相仿者17足,行路骨基底楔型截骨术。     

Scarf截骨治疗中重度[足母]外翻的短期疗效分析

背景：野外翻是最常见的前足畸形,越来越受到矫形外科医生的重视,其治疗方式多种多样,如何选择适合的手术方式是治疗成功的关键。目的：探讨Scarf截骨术治疗[足母]外翻的疗效。方法：2010年7月至2012年6月,我院采用Scarf截骨术治疗中重度跽外翻患者47例（61足）,男5例（7足）,女42例（54足）;年龄20-78岁,平均52．2岁。比较手术前后[足母]外翻角及第1、2跖骨间角纠正程度。采用AOFAS评分评估患者临床症状改善情况。结果：所有患者均获得随访,随访时间4-8个月,平均6个月。[足母]外翻角由术前42．6。减小至12．9°,平均减小29．7°。第1、2跖骨间角由术前18．4°减小至8．9°,平均减小9．5°。AOFAS评分由术前49．9分增加至术后86．2分,平均增加26．5分。并发症发生率10％。结论：Scarf截骨术治疗中重度躅外翻可以获得较好的短期临床结果,但需严格掌握手术适应证。     

第一跖骨近端截骨并软组织手术治疗重度[足母]外翻

目的探讨第一跖骨近端楔形截骨结合软组织手术治疗重度[足母]外翻的疗效。方法自2004年至2008年采用第一跖骨近端楔形截骨结合跖趾关节处的远端软组织手术,治疗重度[足母]外翻46例81足。结果参照美国足踝外科学会Maryland评分系统,本组患者随访1～4年,优61足,良16足,可4足,优良率95．10o,平均HVA矫正28°,平均IMA矫正11°。结论第一跖骨近端楔形截骨结合软组织手术治疗重度脾外[足母]畸形,可得到极好矫正,不易复发,手术效果确实可靠,并发症少。     

小切口第一跖骨远端截骨术矫正(足母)外翻畸形

目的:探讨小切口第一跖骨远端截骨术矫正蹄外翻畸形的疗效.方法:2003年以来采用小切口第一跖骨远端截骨术治疗(足母)外翻畸形300例共542只足,不做内固定.对所有患者采用美国骨科足踝外科学会(AOFAS)(足母)趾-跖趾-趾间评分标准进行临床评估,并结合影像学诊断综合评价手术疗效.结果:AOFAS总平均分为89.4±10.2分.影像学评估,术后(足母)外翻角(HVA)为12.8°±5.8°(4°～22°),较术前34.6°±9.6°(18°～68°)改善22°±8.4°;第一二跖骨间角(IMA)为7.6°±1.8(6°～11°),较术前14.3°±3.2°(11°～21°)改善6.7°±2.4°,P＜0.05表示有显著性差异.542只患足,498只对术后疗效满意,满意率91.5%.结论:小切口第一跖骨远端截骨术矫正(足母)外翻,临床效果可靠,不需内固定,手术切口美观,值得推广.     

不同类型足母外翻截骨矫形术式的选择

目的 分析不同手术方法治疗不同类型（足母）外翻的疗效.方法自2009年4月至2013年3月昆明市第一人民医院手术治疗足母外翻86 例（110足）.根据（足母）外翻畸形程度不同分为3组.A组（中度）：共36 例（48足）,男2 例,女34 例;年龄22～70 岁,平均46 岁;（足母）外翻角（hallux valgus angle,HVA）24°～36°,平均30°,第1、2跖骨夹角（intermetatarsal angle,IMA）12°～16°,平均14°;手术方法采用McBride加第1跖骨头颈部楔形截骨术.B组（重度）：共40 例（51足）,男3 例,女37 例;年龄38～62 岁,平均50 岁;HVA 28°～44°,平均36°,IMA 14°～18°,平均16°;手术方法采用McBride加第1跖骨基底部楔形截骨术.C组（极重度）：共10 例（11足）,男1 例,女9 例;年龄64～82 岁,平均73 岁;HVA 45°～75°,平均60°,IMA 18°～20°,平均19°;手术方法采用B组（重度）术式＋Akin手术.结果 随访6～36个月,平均21个月.参照美国足踝外科学会Marylland评分系统评分,A组优30足,良16足,可2足,优良率95.8%;HVA平均矫正18°,IMA平均矫正7°.B组优36足,良12足,可1足,优良率94.1%;HVA平均矫正21°,IMA平均矫正8°.C组优7足,良3足,可1足,优良率90.9%;HVA平均矫正42°,IMA平均矫正8°.结论 （足母）外翻的病理基础主要为第1跖骨内翻的骨性畸形与（足母）收肌高度紧张挛缩的软组织畸形,手术应针对有明显临床症状的患者.手术设计应重点解除骨与软组织的畸形.     

Weil截骨治疗(足母)外翻转移性跖痛

[目的]回顾分析Weil截骨治疗(踇)外翻转移性跖痛的疗效.[方法]自2004年至200:5年联合应用第1跖骨基截骨及Weil截骨治疗伴有外侧跖骨头转移性跖痛的中重度外翻17例25足.患足手术前后常规拍摄足正侧位片,测量足母外翻角(HVA),I-Il跖骨间角(IMA),使用美国足踝外科协会(踇)趾-跖趾-趾间关节评分系统(AOFAS)评分评估临床疗效.手术方法根据患者术前症状选择第1跖骨基底截骨联合外侧跖骨头Weil截骨.[结果]患者(踇)外翻角(HVA)术前为32°±5.7°,术后为12.8°±3.5°;Ⅰ-Ⅱ跖骨间角(IMA)术前为23.2°±3.7°,术后为10.5°±0.7°;AOFAS评分术前45.6±6.9分,术后86.9±4.6分;Weil截骨术后的跖骨短缩3-8 mm,平均4.5 mm;术后18足跖痛症状完全缓解,7例好转,所有患者日常生活正常,无需进一步治疗.[结论] (踇)母外翻术前应综合分析足部的生物力学变化,对伴有外侧转移性跖痛的严重(踇)外翻患者,联合使用第1跖骨基截骨和外侧跖骨头Weil截骨可获得良好疗效.     

The Spike Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus: A Clinical and Radiological Evaluation

A distal metatarsal osteotomy with soft tissue correction is a frequently performed operation to correct mild to moderate hallux valgus deformity. This is a prospective study of 28 feet in 25 patients who underwent spike osteotomy of the first metatarsal with medial capsulorraphy for symptomatic hallux valgus. The osteotomy is a distal metatarsal osteotomy with a spike fashioned in the plantar and lateral quarter of the proximal fragment and impacted into the trough created in the center of the distal fragment, providing lateral and plantar shift of the distal fragment. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society's rating scale was used for functional assessment, and a visual analog scale gauged pain. The average follow-up was 27 months. The rating scale score improved from a mean preoperative value of 39/100 to 84/100. Twenty-six feet had complete pain relief, whereas 2 feet had a lesser degree of persistent metatarsalgia. A review of preoperative and postoperative radiographs showed that the hallux valgus angle improved from a mean 36 degrees preoperatively to 18 degrees postoperatively. Likewise, the mean 1 to 2 intermetatarsal angle improved from 13 degrees to 7.3 degrees. There was no incidence of avascular necrosis. Fourteen patients (16 feet) rated the outcome as excellent, 10 (11 feet) as good, and 1 patient with asymptomatic mild hallux varus deformity rated the result as fair. These results demonstrate that the spike osteotomy is a suitable operation for treatment of mild to moderate hallux valgus.     

第一跖骨近端斜楔形截骨联合软组织手术治疗重度拇外翻

目的:探讨第一跖骨近端斜楔形截骨联合软组织手术治疗重度拇外翻的临床疗效。方法:2008年7月～2010年7月对21例重度拇外翻患者采用第一跖骨近端斜楔形截骨,同时对外侧关节囊松解、内侧关节囊紧缩、拇内收肌腱部分切断治疗。测量患足负重X线,采用美国足踝外科协会Maryl and的评分方法对患足进行手术前后评定。结果:本组患者21例,术后随访6～24个月,无截骨不愈合及延迟愈合现象。23足无疼痛,1足偶有轻微疼痛。术后Mar yl and评分:90～100分19足,80～89分4足,70～79分1足,优良率95%。结论:第一跖骨近端斜楔形截骨联合软组织手术治疗重度拇外翻效果可靠,可以推广。     

内侧单切口撑开器辅助下外侧软组织松解联合Scarf截骨治疗中重度足拇外翻

目的探讨经单一内侧切口撑开器辅助下行外侧软组织松解联合第1跖骨Scarf截骨治疗中重度足拇外翻的手术疗效。方法自2011-12—2012-12诊治22例（25足）中重度足拇外翻,于第1跖骨内侧作单一切口,远端延长至第1跖趾关节,撑开器辅助下行外侧软组织松解及Scarf截骨矫正。结果 20例（23足）获得随访12-24个月,平均14个月。截骨愈合时间10-13周,平均11.5周。术前拇外翻角（HVA）30.3°-51.5°（40.0±5.6）°,第1、2跖骨间夹角（IMA）15.0°-21.4°（18.6±1.8）°,AOFAS评分41.7-67.1（55.9±6.0）分;末次随访时HVA 5.8°-21.4°（13.3±4.0）°,IMA 6.2°-12.9°（10.8±1.8）°,AOFAS评分80.5-96.2（87.3±4.6）分,均较术前明显改善,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论撑开器辅助下内侧单切口外侧软组织松解联合Scarf截骨能有效矫正中重度足拇外翻畸形,撑开器辅助下内侧单切口显露清楚、创伤小且外形更加美观。     

第一跖列三平面截骨联合其余跖骨基底截骨治疗中重度跖内收型■外翻的早期疗效

目的探讨第1跖列三平面截骨联合其余跖骨基底截骨治疗中重度跖内收型[足母]外翻的早期疗效。方法2012年2月-2016年9月,收治10例(12足)中重度跖内收型[足母]外翻患者。男1例(2足),女9例(10足);年龄21~55岁,平均34.5岁。病程3~10年,平均5.8年。根据改良Sgarlato测量法对跖内收分度:中度4足、重度8足。术前美国矫形足踝协会(AOFAS)评分为(46.4±9.3)分;跖内收角(metatarsus adductus angle,MAA)为(25.41±3.66)°,[足母]外翻角(hallux valgus angle,HVA)为(41.42±9.67)°,第1-2跖骨间角(first-second intermetatarsal angle,1-2IMA)为(10.72±2.26)°。采用第1跖列三平面截骨联合其余跖骨基底截骨以及外侧软组织松解术治疗。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。患者均获随访,随访时间18~24个月,平均21.4个月。1例(1足)术后出现转移性跖痛,对症处理后症状消失。X线片复查示截骨部位均愈合,愈合时间为2.4~3.2个月,平均2.8个月。末次随访时,MAA为(8.42±0.71)°、HVA为(13.29±1.03)°、1-2IMA为(4.41±0.48)°,AOFAS评分为(89.8±5.9)分,均较术前明显改善(P<0.05)。结论第1跖列三平面截骨联合其余跖骨基底截骨治疗中重度跖内收型[足母]外翻,可获得较好早期疗效。     

Extended Distal Chevron Osteotomy and Akin Osteotomy Using Bioabsorbable Materials for Treatment of Moderate to Severe Hallux Valgus

The purpose of this study was to investigate the suitability of bioabsorbable materials for fixation of extended distal chevron osteotomy and Akin osteotomy for the treatment of moderate to severe hallux valgus. We performed a retrospective analysis of extended distal chevron osteotomy and Akin osteotomy for the treatment of moderate to severe hallux valgus (33 patients, 42 feet). Fixation of extended distal chevron osteotomy and Akin osteotomy was performed using poly-l-lactic acid pins and polylactic acid/polyglycolic acid copolymer sutures, respectively. The radiological outcomes were evaluated based on the preoperative and 3-year follow-up intermetatarsal angle, hallux valgus angle, and hallux interphalangeal angle. The clinical results were assessed according to 3-year follow-up Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire scores, patient satisfaction, and postoperative complications. All radiological and clinical results were compared with those of a control group treated with metallic implants. The mean 3-year follow-up intermetatarsal angle, hallux valgus angle, and hallux interphalangeal angle were significantly corrected from the preoperative values (all p < .001). The mean 3-year follow-up Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire scores score was significantly improved from the preoperative values (p < .001). Regarding patient satisfaction, 88.1% of the patients reported good to excellent results. A total of seven complications were reported. All radiological and clinical results were comparable with those of control group treated with metallic implant. Based on these results, we recommend using bioabsorbable materials as another reliable device for fixation of extended distal chevron osteotomy and Akin osteotomy even for the treatment of moderate to severe hallux valgus.     

Correction of moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity by a modified chevron shaft osteotomy

BACKGROUND: Hallux valgus is one of the most common foot deformities in women. Despite the large number of techniques described for hallux valgus correction, there has been much controversy regarding the best procedure to use, especially for severe deformities. Proximal osteotomies have long been done for severe deformities; however, diaphyseal osteotomies have gained popularity because of the greater degree of correction and stability obtained. METHODS: This study retrospectively assessed the radiographic and clinical outcomes in 50 feet (34 patients) that had a modified chevron shaft osteotomy for moderate to severe hallux valgus. Additionally, an Akin medial closing wedge osteotomy of the proximal phalanx was done in most patients. Mean followup was 30 months (minimum 13 months). All patients in the study had either moderate or severe deformities. Patients with mild deformities had correction by other techniques. RESULTS: There was a mean AOFAS score improvement of 39.6 (44.5 to 84.1) points. The hallux valgus angle and intermetatarsal angle improved a mean of 22.7 degrees and 10.4 degrees, respectively. Hallux valgus persisted in one foot; however, the patient was not dissatisfied. Two feet developed hallux varus. Revision was necessary in two patients; one needed revision because of loss of fixation and the other because of symptomatic hallux varus. CONCLUSION: Based on radiographic correction and clinical outcomes, this procedure is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe hallux valgus deformities.     

Ludloff截骨治疗中重度拇外翻的临床疗效观察

目的研究Ludloff截骨术对中、重度拇外翻的治疗效果。方法 2007年9月至2008年10月对26例（34足）中、重度拇外翻患者使用Ludloff截骨配合远端软组织手术进行矫形手术治疗,截骨使用螺钉固定。男4例,女22例,年龄48～67岁,平均58岁。术后采用AOFAS评分对患足进行临床功能评价,同时拍负重位足的正侧位X线片进行影像学评价,比较术后AOFAS评分及跖拇角和第一二跖间角的变化,了解患者的满意程度。结果平均随访时间25个月（19～36个月）。在最后一次随访时,31足基本无痛,3足偶有疼痛或轻微疼痛。患者对拇外翻畸形纠正满意。AOFAS评分为从术前的51分（27～65分）提高到术后的88分（72～96分）,HVA从术前的31°（21°～42°）改善为10.3°（7°～15°）,IMA从术前的17°（16°～23°）改善为术后的7.8°（6°～10°）。23例（31足）患者对治疗效果满意,3例（3足）比较满意。所有患者均对外形满意。没有严重的并发症出现。结论 Ludloff截骨术是治疗中重度拇外翻可靠有效的方法。     

Bunion surgery using locking-plate fixation of proximal metatarsal chevron osteotomies

BACKGROUND: Symptomatic large hallux valgus deformities commonly require surgical intervention with a proximal metatarsal osteotomy. A number of fixation methods have been described for proximal chevron osteotomies; one of the most recent is locking plates. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 16 consecutive patients (20 feet) with severe bunion deformities who had locking-plate fixation of proximal chevron osteotomies. Clinical evaluation focused on osteotomy healing, transfer lesions, and hardware-related complications. Preoperative and postoperative radiographic evaluation included the hallux valgus angle (HVA), 1-2 intermetatarsal angle (IMA), medial 1-2 intermetatarsal distance (MIMD; the amount of narrowing of the foot), sesamoid position, first metatarsal elevation, and metatarsal length change. A postoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was obtained in all patients. RESULTS: The average radiographic improvements were HVA, 16.0 degrees, IMA, 7.6 degrees, and MIMD, 9.0 mm. Sesamoid position improved in 16 of 20 feet. First metatarsal elevation averaged 0.8 degrees, and the average metatarsal shortening was less than 1 mm. The AOFAS score averaged 94.1 points. Two complications were unrelated to plate fixation. CONCLUSIONS: The locking plate held alignment and position of the first ray after chevron osteotomy without clinical evidence of transfer lesions or hardware-related symptoms. Locking plates may improve stability of the proximal metatarsal after a chevron osteotomy for correction of hallux valgus.     

Maintenance of Correction of First Metatarsal Closing Base Wedge Osteotomies Versus Modified Lapidus Arthrodesis for Moderate to Severe Hallux Valgus Deformity

A retrospective radiographic review of 57 feet was conducted to compare maintenance of correction of the modified Lapidus arthrodesis with the first metatarsal closing base wedge osteotomy for moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity. Radiographic parameters were measured on the preoperative, early postoperative, and greater than 11-month postoperative weightbearing radiographs. These measurements included the intermetatarsal angle, the hallux abductus angle, and the tibial sesamoid position. The patients who underwent the closing base wedge osteotomy had an average initial intermetatarsal correction of 10.4 degrees; for the modified Lapidus arthrodesis, it was 7.6 degrees. The patients who underwent the closing base wedge osteotomy had an average loss of intermetatarsal correction of 2.55 degrees from early to late postoperative radiographs; for the modified Lapidus arthrodesis, it was 1.08 degrees. Our results demonstrated that the modified Lapidus arthrodesis maintains correction to a greater degree than the first metatarsal closing base wedge osteotomy with statistical significance (P = .0039). Both the modified Lapidus arthrodesis and the first metatarsal closing base wedge osteotomy are effective procedures with respect to degree of radiographic correction for moderate to severe hallux valgus deformities.