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目的研究中药材气相置换软化的机理,进行气相置换软化。方法采用气相置换润药机软化丹参与普通方法进行比较。结果采用气相置换润药设备软化丹参具有药材含水量率低,软化效果好,丹酚酸B含量高的特点。结论气相置换软化法使药材可在低含水量的情况下,快速、均匀软化,且可提高丹酚酸B的含量。 相似文献
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真空蒸汽润药法润制浙产三棱饮片的工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的 根据真空蒸汽润药原理,对浙产三棱进行气相置换软化,优化三棱润制工艺。方法 采用真空蒸汽润药机优化三棱润制工艺,并与传统润制方法进行比较。采用正交实验对润药工艺进行多因素考察,运用紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮的含量,以三棱醇浸出物和总黄酮的含量为综合评价指标,筛选最佳优化方案。结果 采用真空蒸汽润药软化后的三棱饮片含水量低,软化效果好,浸出物和总黄酮含量高。结论 真空蒸汽润药法可使药材在低含水量的情况下,快速、均匀地软化,还可提高三棱中有效成分的含量。 相似文献
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通过阐述真空蒸气润药工艺的原理及应用现状,并与传统润药工艺相比较,指出其优势。真空蒸气润药法可以快速软化药材,药材的含水率降低,有效避免了药材有效成分的流失,操作可自动化,生产效率高;投入大生产既可减少成本,同时也能提高饮片质量,使临床使用更有效,值得推广。 相似文献
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目的 优选壮药骆芡愈方含挥发油药材的最佳提取工艺。方法 以挥发油得率、挥发油中主要成分柠檬烯、桉油精、α-松油醇、水杨酸甲酯、正癸酸为指标成分,分别采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)对挥发油成分鉴别及测定,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取药材中挥发油,通过AHP-CRITIC法结合正交试验优选壮药骆芡愈方含挥发油药材的提取工艺。结果壮药骆芡愈方中挥发油的最佳提取工艺为加12倍的水提取8 h,提取1次。结论 建立壮药骆芡愈方挥发油提取工艺,可为壮药骆芡愈方新剂型—壮药骆芡愈凝胶膏剂的制备提供参考。 相似文献
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《中国医药科学》2021,(15)
目的 建立烫驴肾的炮制工艺参数及质量标准。方法 对烫驴肾炮制过程中的净制、软化、切制、干燥、烫制进行评估,优选最佳工艺,并制定烫驴肾的质量控制指标。结果 最佳炮制工艺为:取驴肾药材浸泡2~3 h后容易除去非药用部分达到净化要求;润药温度100℃,润药时间10 min;切制成10~15 mm长段收率较好,败片率低;干燥采用80℃烘箱干燥6 h左右较为适宜;烫制时加入滑石粉的量控制在40~50 kg/100 kg,炮制温度在160℃持续6 min,180℃持续3 min为宜,全部鼓起,色泽一致,炮制温度不易过高、时间不宜过久;10批烫驴肾薄层及显微鉴别、检查、浸出物方法稳定性、重复性均良好。结论 本方法炮制工艺稳定、质控方法可靠,可用于烫驴肾的质量标准建立。 相似文献
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润药乃传统炮制重要环节之一,润法是洗、泡、浸等中药材水制法中最基本、最关键的方法。中药材炮制加工离不开润药,润药好坏直接关系到药材的质量和疗效。笔者综述了中药材润药过程中存在饮片质量降低、润药方法不当、炮制程度判断方法单一等问题。从润药前、润药过程中、润药后三个方面讨论了解决这些问题的方法。对解决润药过程中存在的问题进行了展望,希望为今后有效的解决润药过程中存在的问题保证中药材质量提供线索与帮助。 相似文献
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人参、鹿茸属名贵中药。其饮片切制历来颇为讲究。要使此类药材的饮片达到形美、色正、气浓、味厚的质量要求,必须正确掌握药材切制前的软化处理,应用得心应手的刀具,掌握熟练的刀法技术和选用正确的干燥方法。 人参(包括西洋参)。 切制前的软化处理: 烘软法:人参类药材因含糖类等成分较多,易吸潮,一般可采用烘法使药材软化。即将原支人参平铺于(底部铺有白纸的)金属网筛内,置内设有炭火钵(或300~400瓦电炉)的烘笼上翻烘,筛底距炉面约20~30厘米,烘至人参夹于中、食指和拇指间按压可弯曲、无硬心感时即可乘热切片。 润软法:如原药质地十分干燥坚硬,可将原支人参用水淋湿,或用湿纸包裹,置密闭容器中焖润12~24小时,至参体 相似文献
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目的:用水蒸气蒸馏法对木香-香附药对挥发油化学成分的分析。方法:用水蒸气蒸馏法提取木香-香附药的挥发油,并用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对其化学成分进行分析。结果:由水蒸气蒸馏法提取的木香-香附药对的挥发油中,共鉴定出相对百分含量大于1‰的化学成分共96种。其中,共有化学成分有77种,占挥发油总含量80%以上。结论:用水蒸气蒸馏法提取木香-香附药对挥发油的化学成分为进一步应用打下基础。 相似文献
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目的 测定单味全草类中药饮片在常温下的吸水系数,以对采用煎药机煎煮中药的加水量提供依据。方法 通过对107味全草类中药饮片的吸水系数进行研究,将模拟药方分别按煎药机厂家推荐公式计算的加水量和按吸水系数计算的加水量进行煎煮,把两者得到的出液量与需液量进行比较。结果 不同质地的全草类中药饮片之间的吸水系数差异较大,按煎药机厂家推荐公式加水所得的出液量与需液量相差较大且无规律可循,而按吸水系数加水所得的出液量与需液量误差较小且有规律可循。结论 实验测定中药饮片的吸水系数对指导煎药工用煎药机煎药所需加水量具有实际指导意义。 相似文献
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目的 测定单味根及根茎类中药饮片在常温下的吸水系数,对煎药机在中药煎煮过程中的加水量提供依据。方法 通过对222味根及根茎类中药饮片的吸水系数进行研究,将模拟药方分别按煎药机厂家推荐公式和吸水系数计算加水量煎煮,两者得到的出液量分别与需液量比较。结果 不同质地的根及根茎类中药饮片吸水系数差异较大,按煎药机厂家推荐公式加水所得的出液量与需液量相差较大且无规律可循,而按吸水系数加水所得的出液量与需液量误差较小且有规律可循。结论 实验测定中药饮片的吸水系数可指导煎药工在煎药时的加水量。 相似文献
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Palmieri GF Joiris E Bonacucina G Cespi M Mercuri A 《International journal of pharmaceutics》2005,298(1):164-175
Differences in the dynamics of powder densification between eccentric and rotary machine were pointed out by compressing at different compression pressures microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate and recovering the corresponding stress/strain data in both machines equipped to monitor punches displacement and compression forces. Heckel plots were then obtained from these stress/strain data. Curves obtained in the rotary machine possess a narrower zone of linearity for the calculation of P(Y) and D(A). The effect of the different compression mechanism of the rotary machine on the shape of the Heckel plot is more noticeable in a non-deforming material such as dicalcium phosphate. The effect of the longer dwell time of the rotary machine on the porosity reduction occurring after the maximum pressure has been reached, is more noticeable in a ductile material such as microcrystalline cellulose. Heckel parameters obtained in the rotary press are in some cases different from those recovered in the eccentric machine because of the longer dwell time, machine deflection and punch tilting occurring in the rotary machine, although theoretically they could better describe the material densification in a high speed production rotary machine. 相似文献
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Methods of testing products made of plastics in medicine do not take into account chemico-toxicological evaluation of biomaterials made of fibres or of foam plastics. According to the project of the monograph Compendium Medicamentorum COMECON, water extracts should be used, where the is proportion would be maintained: 30 g of biomaterial in 100 cm3 of water. The proportion, in case of products with well-developed surface, does not ensure that the material is wholly immersed in fluid. Therefore studies were made on the use of lower concentration of the material in water, with on the other hand, extraction time being prolonged. Summing up, the authors suggest, with regard to grafts, use of the following conditions of water extraction: temperature 120 degrees C, duration 60 min. proportion of the studied material in the amount of distilled water 1:10. 相似文献
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The force-displacement curves obtained from an eccentric tablet machine were examined in a new way. The tendency of the material for plastic deformation, fragmentation and elasticity is expressed as numerical values, which are comparable between different materials. The dependence of these numerical values on the compression pressure was modelled. The accuracy of the displacement measurement was improved by filtering out noise from the measurement data by a novel method. The plastic deformation of the material near the force maximum of the compression cycle could be seen accurately from this precise displacement data. The elastic deformation of the tablet machine was also defined very precisely from the running machine. Tablets were made with an eccentric tablet machine using fixed lower and upper punch adjustments. This ensured that the speed of the upper punch and the theoretical height of the tablets were the same for all compactions. Therefore, only the properties of the materials determined the differences in the shape of the compression curves. The test materials used were alpha-lactose monohydrate, two grades of microcrystalline cellulose, maize starch and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate. The results showed that the use of accurate displacement measurement is essential in order, to see the small variations in the shape of the force-displacement curve near the force maximum of the compression cycle, and it made it possible to dynamically calibrate the elastic deformation of the eccentric tablet machine during compression. It turned out that the numerical values obtained with the new method described the plastic, brittle and elastic properties of the tested materials satisfactorily in a wide compression pressure range. 相似文献
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目的:科学使用电热式煎药机,提高煎剂质量。方法:以我院使用的电热式煎药机为例,结合本院煎药室操作规程及近5年的使用经验,总结科学使用电热式煎药机的方法。结果:使用电热式煎药机煎出的煎剂比传统方法所得煎剂浓度更高,煎出更完全。结论:应不断改进、完善电热式煎药机的功能,充分发挥其优越性,有力地推动中医中药现代化。 相似文献
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目的了解门诊处方用药情况,找出存在的问题,以便安全合理用药。方法采用回顾性分析,对抽样处方逐一审查,进行统计分析。结果共抽样2007年1-12月门诊处方13521张,人均用药4.12种,人均每次药费为89.29元。其中10.8%的处方使用了针剂,28.5%使用了抗菌药物,国家基本药物占处方总数的66.2%,通用名的使用比例为81.2%,不合格处方215张(1.59%),其中不合理用药处方93张(0.69%),缺陷处方122张(0.90%)。结论通过处方抽查可存在部分不合理用药和处方书写问题,应进~步加强处方管理和推进新处方办法的正确实施,促进合理用药。 相似文献