点穴治疗腰痛与体觉诱发电位

对一侧腰骶神经根受压症病人16例,电刺激一侧胫后神经而从“接骨”体表记录脊髓诱发电位。发现刺激患侧引起的脊髓电位N_2,峰潜伏期比健侧的延长0.74±1.15ms(P<0.025),但延长0.8ms以上者仅5例。未见点穴对患侧的脊髓诱发电位有明显影响。对腰痛病人21例,致痛电刺激一侧足背而从头顶引导的皮层电位,其晚成分N_(150)-P_(260)-N_(370)与痛觉有关,点穴可使之波幅下降约20%(P<0.05)。结合临床观察,作者认为点穴对腰痛病人的镇痛效应是肯定的,这效应与大脑皮层有一定关系。对于以脊髓诱发电位作为诊断腰骶神经根受压症主要依据的前景,作者并不乐观。     

体感诱发电位在针刺研究中的应用

诱发电位系神经系统对外界特异刺激的反应。体感诱发电位(SEP)则是指通过刺激外周躯体感觉神经所诱发的自外周、脊髓到大脑皮层的电位变化。通过这种无损伤的检测技术,不仅能够在头皮记录到大脑皮层的生物电活动,而且可以在体外记录到外周神经、脊髓、脑干和丘脑等深部结构的生物电变化,从而在一定程度上客观地反映相应神经轴不同水平的传导功能与机能状态,并提供有关神经传导功能的精确定量信息,因此其价值愈来愈受到有关学者的极大重视。近年来,随着针灸学术的不断发展,SEP技术作为临床上较为成熟的电生理检测手段,正被不断引入并广泛…     

针刺与大脑皮层诱发电位

本文对七十年代以来有关针刺对大脑皮层诱发电位影响的研究进行了全面的综述。在研究针刺镇痛原理时，常常以体感诱发电位作为反映疼痛的客观指标，故有关针刺对大脑皮层诱发电位影响的研究大多为体感诱发电位的研究。针刺对视觉和听觉诱发电位影响的研究较少。在以往的诱发电位研究中常以波幅大小来代表皮层的兴奋性，诱发电位的波幅减小是否代表皮层处于抑制状态而波幅加大是否代表兴奋仍值得探讨。故仍有必要深入开展针刺过程中大脑皮层兴奋性变化的研究。     

头穴针刺对急性脑出血家兔体感诱发电位影响

目的：研究针刺对脑出血家兔体感诱发电位(SEP)的变化。方法：按Kanfman方法制备脑出血模型，对脑出血家兔不同时期行头穴针刺，观察SEP的影响。结果：脑出血后家兔SEP波幅增高，潜伏期延长。结论：针刺产生即刻效应，可能是针刺调节了大脑神经细胞的电生理活动，改变大脑皮层神经细胞兴奋性，使出血处于休克或体眠状态下的脑神经细胞觉醒。     

手捻针对中枢体感诱发电位的反应特性

目的 探讨针刺对大脑皮层调整作用的机制。方法 观察手捻针对正常人正中神经体感诱发电位（SEPs)中枢不同水平（皮层下、皮层、皮层痛成分）的反应特性。结果 手捻针对皮层下成分P14－N16波幅有效明显的抑制作用,且有较强的后效应;手捻针对皮层成分P14－N20、P25－N30、P45－N60波幅无明显影响;手捻针对皮层痛成分P200－N300波幅的影响呈降低趋势,但未见统计学意义;手捻针对中枢不同水平体感诱发电位各成分潜伏时观察未见明显变化规律。结论 手捻针与电针的选择对针刺效应的影响具有重要意义。     

康宝口服液对虚证患者脑诱发电位影响的观察——VEP36例、SEP38例分析

虚证患者多表现为脑功能减退。本文以视诱发电位(VEP)、躯体诱发电位(SFP)为指标,分别观察三十余例虚证患者,结果提示康宝口服液能改善大脑皮层内视觉通路部分的机能状态。     

电针太冲对大脑感觉皮层诱发电位的影响

目的:观察电针太冲对健康人群大脑皮层诱发电位的影响,探讨躯体刺激对感觉皮层的兴奋性作用,为临床循经远端选穴提供参考依据.方法:采用自身前后对照,纳入健康志愿者10名,在电针左侧太冲前后测定阴部神经体感诱发电位(PSEP)、下肢体感诱发电位(LSEP),比较电针前后诱发电位的差异.结果:电针左侧太冲后,左下肢体感诱发电位...     

电针左合谷穴体感诱发电位17～60ms成分时-空衍变规律的研究

本文采用ESI 1 2 8导脑电成像系统 ,高时 空分辨率地从大脑皮层的整体来研究穴区神经组织受电刺激时在大脑皮层的兴奋过程。结果发现在 1 7～ 60ms潜伏期的过程中 :①大脑皮层均作为一个整体对电针刺激产生反应 ;并且随着时间进程 ,在额区出现规律性的正负电位相互交替 ,并且和对侧顶区总保持电位相反的衍变过程。②电针合谷诱发电位的第一负成分波幅值显著低于旁开对照点 ,而第二负成分波幅显著高于旁开点。这种差异可能与临床针刺穴位的治疗效应有关。     

针刺对帕金森病脑干诱发电位影响的分析

脑干诱发电位 ( ABR)主要分析听神经至脑干部分的神经传导通路功能 ,而脑干诱发电位对帕金森病 ( PD)针刺观察具有一定的诊断价值。本文对 43例 PD患者在针刺前后观察及2 0例正常人对照组进行 ABR检查。结果 :32例 ( 74.4% ) ABR异常 ,主要表现为 波、 波波峰潜伏期 ( PL)及 ～ 、 ～ 波峰间期 ( IPL)的延长 ,与对照组比较有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 5)。脑干下段 (桥脑、延髓 )病变多表现为 波 PL、 ～ 波 IPL异常。脑干上段 (桥脑、中脑 )病变多表现为 波 PL, ～ 波、 ～ 波 IPL异常。结果认为 PD是椎体外系的一种慢性病 ,尚可影响橄榄下核和脑桥的基底核。用 ABR的检查方法来观察在针灸治疗过程中的病情发展及针灸的效果、预后评价具有一定的临床意义     

电针光明穴对视诱发电及背景脑电的影响

光明穴是临床治疗眼科病证的常用腧穴。本工作在家兔身上观察电针“光明”穴对大脑皮层视觉诱发电位(VEP)及同步记录的背景脑电的影响,分析电针前、中、后不同时间记录的VEP与脑电之间的关系,以探讨电针光明穴对眼和脑两者作用的联系。实验方法实验用家兔31只.静脉注射2％乌拉     

ACUPUNCTURE ON GB34 ACTIVATES THE PRECENTRAL GYRUS AND PREFRONTAL CORTEX IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE

Background: Acupuncture is increasingly used as an additional treatment for patients with Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods: In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, brain activation in response to acupuncture in a group of 12 patients with PD was compared with a group of 12 healthy participants.Acupuncture was conducted on a specific acupoint,the right Yanglingquan(GB34), which is a frequently used acupoint for motor function treatment in the oriental medical field.Results: Acupuncture stimulation on this acupoint activated the prefrontal cortex, precentral gyrus, and putamen in patients with PD; areas that are known to be impaired in patients with PD.Compared with healthy participants, patients with PD showed significantly higher brain activity in the prefrontal cortex and precentral gyrus, especially in the left hemisphere.Conclusion: The neuroimaging results of our study suggest that in future acupuncture research, the prefrontal cortex as well as the precentral gyrus should be treated for symptoms of PD and that GB34 seems to be a suitable acupoint.Moreover, acupuncture evoked more different brain activations in patients with PD than that in healthy participants in our study, stressing the importance of conducting acupuncture studies on both healthy participants as well as patients within the same study, in order to detect acupuncture's efficacy.     

针灸促进骨折愈合研究概况

针灸在促进骨折愈合方面有着良好的效果，但针灸治疗骨折还属起步阶段。以往的工作主要集中在疗效的证实方面，而对针灸治疗骨折的一些重要因素，如配穴规律、治疗起始时间、持续时间、间隔时间等还缺乏专门研究；已对针灸调节激素水平、促进骨折愈合的作用进行了初步研究，但针刺对垂体一甲状腺轴，垂体、性腺、肾上腺皮质作用的具体途径有待进一步探讨。进一步探讨针灸在骨折愈合过程中对各种细胞因子的调节作用也是今后值得深入研究的课题。     

针灸双向调节效应的生物学意义

现代针灸学认为针灸对机体呈现＂双向调节＂效应.本文回顾中医典籍,综合生物学理论,运用现代科学理论阐释针灸的双向调节效应机制.根据前期研究结果,笔者认为腧穴与相同节段神经支配的内脏器官在交感神经控制下组成一个相对紧密联系的结构-功能性单元;围绕这种结构-功能性单元的异节段神经支配区域经穴形成一个可能通过迷走神经通路发挥相悖效应的功能性集元.单元经穴和集元经穴共同构建躯体传入信息调整和平衡内脏功能的稳态系统.针灸对机体内环境稳态的调节正是针灸双向调节的根本所在.     

Acupuncture and the nervous system.

Acupuncture is based on neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. At each acupuncture point, there are peripheral nerves and terminals. Acupuncture will be useful for further understanding of the nervous system. A conceptual view of acupuncture's physiology is presented.     

针灸治疗腰椎间盘突出症的进展

通过对近十年针灸治疗腰椎间盘突出症的进展分析，得出如下结论：治疗方法以常规针刺。芒针，长银针，电针，电热针为多；取穴多以腰夹脊穴为主。常用还有命门，腰阳关，肾俞及下肢胆经，膀胱经穴等。机理多认为与针刺的镇痛作用有关。且能改善神经根周围的微循环，以及通过促进外周血性组织阿片肽的释放而发挥免疫调控作用。     

《自然》发表的“电针驱动迷走-肾上腺轴的神经解剖学机制”一文对针灸研究的意义

《自然》杂志于2021年10月刊登"电针驱动迷走-肾上腺轴的神经解剖学机制"一文,引起了针灸学术界的广泛关注和讨论。在前期工作的基础上,该研究证实PROKR2-Cre神经纤维在躯体不同部位和层次的差异性分布是电针低强度刺激"足三里"或"手三里"穴,通过"迷走-肾上腺轴"产生抗炎效应的关键。该研究成果是针灸基础科研领域的里程碑事件,是针灸学科与神经-免疫学科交叉相互碰撞融合的代表作,揭示了针刺起效的部分因素构成和穴位结构相对特异性的神经解剖学基础,对未来针灸科研模式的变革和针灸科研成果的转化具有一定指导意义,其研究思路、方法和结论值得针灸科研工作者学习和借鉴。     

ALTERED SMALL-WORLD EFFICIENCY OF BRAIN FUNCTIONAL NETWORKS IN ACUPUNCTURE AT ST36:A FUNCTIONAL MRI STUDY

Objective: Acupuncture in human can produce clinical effects via the central nervous system.However, the neural mechanism of acupuncture's effects remains mostly unknown.Methods: We utilized functional MRI to investigate the topological efficiency of brain functional networks in eighteen healthy young adults who were scanned before and after acupuncture at the ST36 acupoints(ACUP) and the sham point(SHAM).Whole-brain functional networks were constructed by thresholding temporal correlation matrices of ninety brain regions, followed by a graph theory-based analysis.Results: We showed that brain functional networks exhibited small-world attributes(high local and global efficiency) regardless of the order of acupuncture and stimulus points, a finding compatible with previous studies of brain functional networks.Furthermore, the brain networks had increased local efficiency after ACUP stimulation, but there were no significant differences after SHAM, indicating a specificity of acupuncture point in coordinating local information flow over the whole brain.Moreover, significant(P0.05, corrected by false discovery rate approach) effects of only acupuncture point were detected on nodal degree of the left hippocampus(higher nodal degree at ACUP as compared to SHAM).Using an uncorrected P0.05, point-related effects were also observed in the anterior cingulate cortex, and the frontal and occipital regions, while stimulation-related effects were observed in various brain regions of frontal, parietal and occipital cortex regions.In addition, we found that several limbic and subcortical brain regions exhibitedpoint- and stimulation-related alterations in their regional homogeneity(P0.05, uncorrected).Conclusion: Our results suggest that acupuncture modulates topological organization of whole-brain functional brain networks and the modulation has point specificity.These findings provide new insights into neuronal mechanism of acupuncture from the perspective of functional integration.Further studies would be interesting to apply network analysis approaches to study the effects of acupuncture treatments on brain disorders.     

BIOFUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ACUPOINTS AND THEIR CLINICAL SPECIALITY RULES

Acupoint is one of the core issues of acupuncture science.This thesis discusses the origin and evolution of acupoints as well as the conception, location, and biofunctional characteristics, and also analyses their clinical special rules according to a great deal of literature and basic clinical research achievement.It is considered in this study that the acupoint is a living organism; the tridimensional and anatomical locations are relative while the functional location is absolute; acupoint is both a receptor and an effector of the human body; acupoint has its own aptotic physical, chemical, biological, and immunological properties; acupoint has its rules such as two-way regulation effect, time effect, spatial effect, illness-tending effect, channels-following effect, and focusability and diffusibility effect.It also emphasized that the functional property and the normality and living property of acupoints are crucial.Acupuncture is a way to stimulate and start the balance-regulation system of the human body itself and to keep the system to work well to regulate the disequilibrium of body.Acupuncture's efficacy depends on the accumulation and magnification of acupuncture effects.All these new points of view can be found in this thesis.     

Reception of acupuncture by the scientific community: from scorn to a degree of interest.

This article presents a comprehensive review of the clinical phenomenon of acupuncture. The historical development of this technique, in China, in other parts of Asia, and in the West is discussed. Contemporary advances in acupuncture applications, such as in anesthesia and in the treatment of drug addiction are reviewed. Up-to-date material regarding current physiological theories of acupuncture's mechanism is included. Acupuncture is seen as presenting of challenge to the scientific community which is moving from a posture of scorn to justifiable interest.     

针刺的中枢调节机制研究进展

针刺作为一种有效的辅助治疗手段已被广泛应用于临床。近年来对针刺的镇痛作用及对功能性疾病的调节作用研究颇多 ,除应用传统电生理学方法外 ,还采用了分子生物学、免疫组织化学、脑功能成像等先进的技术来探讨针刺对脑的经典神经递质、神经激素、神经元代谢等的影响 ,为针刺的中枢调节机制提供了理论基础。本文主要就针刺的中枢作用及方法学等方面加以讨论