手术导航系统在口腔颌面外科中的应用

手术导航系统作为现代影像技术、立体定向技术、电子计算机技术和人工智能技术相结合的产物,近年来得到了迅速的发展和应用。本文就手术导航系统的概念和基本原理、发展情况、在口腔颌面外科中的应用等方面作一综述。     

TCAE在口腔颌面外科的应用

1 概述经导管动脉栓塞术 (ｔｒａｎｓｃａｔｈｅｔｅｒａｒｔｅｒｉａｌｅｍｂｏｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎ .ＴＣＡＥ)是指选择性将导管插入预定的动脉内 ,然后通过导管注入人工栓子以阻塞动脉 ,阻断病变区的血供从而达到栓塞病变的目的。根据导管插入动脉的不同部位可分为选择性和超选择性两种 :选择性 (ｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｖｅ)是指导管插入二级动脉主干 ,如颈外动脉 ;超选择性 (ｓｕｒｐｅｒｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｖｅ)是指导管插入三级动脉主干 ,如颌外、颌内以及舌劝脉等。动脉栓塞术最早用于临床是 190 4年 ,Ｄａｗｂｏｒｎ[1] 通过将石蜡和凡士林直接注…     

镍钛合金钉在口腔颌面外科中的应用

镍钛合金钉在口腔颌面外科中的应用李兴平颌面部骨折是口腔颌面外科的常见损伤，下颌骨骨折尤较上颌骨及其它面骨骨折多见，稳固的内固定术来治疗颌骨骨折，不仅要求恢复其连续性，而且要求有支撑作用，已成为颌面外科的新进展。本文总结了本院从１９８６年到１９９６年用...     

磁共振显像在口腔颌面外科的应用

磁共振显像(Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI)是继CT、超声和数字减影血管造影之后在影像诊断方面的第四个重大进展。1973年Lauterbur第一次成功地照出了MRI图象,但直到1980年以后MRI才可机械上和成像技术上得到了很大改进,开始在临床医学诊断中占据重要位置。目前MRI的图象质量完全可     

可降解生物材料在口腔颌面外科中的应用

可降解生物材料的研究始于上世纪中叶。近半个世纪以来 ,人们对该类材料进行了深入基础研究 ,对其生物相容性、可降解性、机械性能等有了深入的了解与掌握。目前 ,可降解生物材料日益受到重视。可降解生物材料种类繁多 ,目前应用最多的有聚乳酸 (polylacticacid ,PLA )、聚羟基乙酸 (polyglycolicacid ,PGA)及两者的共聚物 (polylactic glycolideacid ,PLGA)等。在口腔颌面外科领域 ,如颅颌面创伤、组织缺损、正颌外科、牙槽外科、种植外科、颌面美容外科中都有着重要应用价值 ,值得进一步探讨。1　可降解生物材料在口腔颌面部创伤中的…     

微创气管切开术在口腔颌面外科中的应用

目的:探讨微创气管切开术在口腔颌面外科中的应用价值.方法:采用经皮扩张气管切开进行微创性新型气管切开术,对2005～2007年间住院患者共109例因手术需要行预防性气管切开术.结果:106例均按上述方法完成手术,最短用时3 min,最长10 min,平均为5.1 min.3例患者该法未能完全实施.术中未发生死亡、气胸、气管食管瘘等严重并发症.所有病例经随访,无声嘶、声门下狭窄等并发症发生,颈部瘢痕均不明显.结论:微创气管切开术可单人完成,操作方便,时间短、出血少,手术并发症少,可在口腔颌面外科推广应用.     

PBL在口腔颌面外科临床实习教学中的应用

对PBL教学模式在口腔颌面外科临床实习教学中的应用进行初步探索。就新时期口腔颌面外科临床实习教学特点,PBL教学具体实施方法,教学过程中的体会及亟待解决的问题等方面进行探讨。为PBL教学模式在口腔颌面外科临床实习教学中的应用提供了经验。     

激光快速成型技术在口腔颌面外科中的应用

激光快速成型技术在口腔颌面外科中的应用ＡＰＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＳＴＥＲＥＯＬＩＴＨＯＧＲＡＰＨＩＮＯＲＡＬＡＮＤＭＡＸＩＬＬＯＦＡＣＩＡＬＳＵＲＧＥＲＹ王野平王成焘激光快速成型技术（Ｓｔｅｒｅｏｌｉｔｈｏｇｒａｐｈ）是国外在８０年代中期发展起来的一...     

改良Beck口腔评分量表在口腔颌面外科患者中的应用

目的:根据改良Beck口腔评分量表的评估分值,选取适合患者的口腔护理方案,为临床口腔护理工作提供理论依据及指导。方法:选取2022年1月～2023年12月黄石市中心医院收治的口腔颌面外科手术患者212例,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和实验组,各106例。对照组采用常规口腔护理方法。实验组采用改良Beck口腔评分量表进行评估,制定口腔护理方案、计划,护士实施护理措施。比较两组患者术后第1、3、5天口腔异味评分、口腔并发症发生率、口腔清洁度。结果:使用改良Beck口腔评分量表评估后进行相应的护理,实验组患者在术后口腔异味评分小于对照组;口腔总并发症发生率低于对照组;口腔清洁度优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在临床中应用改良Beck口腔评分量表对手术患者进行口腔卫生评估,基于评分结果制定口腔护理方案、计划,可改善口腔颌面外科手术患者术后口腔清洁度,降低术后伤口感染率、口腔异味。     

A systematic approach to improve oral and maxillofacial surgery education

To improve teaching quality and student satisfaction, a new curriculum in Oral Surgery was implemented at Karolinska Institutet in 2007. This paper describes the curriculum change as well as the results regarding quality, satisfaction, cost‐effectiveness and workload for teachers and staff. To design the new curriculum, all members of the teaching staff participated in a series of group discussions where problems with the previous curriculum were identified and ideas on how to improve the curriculum were discussed. Cost‐effectiveness was evaluated by comparing the number of teaching sessions between the new and the old curriculum. A questionnaire was used to investigate the staffs’ perceived change in workload and teaching quality. The students’ satisfaction and attitudes to learning was screened for by on‐line questionnaires. The large amount of passive observational teaching was considered as the main problem with the old curriculum. Half of these sessions were replaced by either clinical seminars or demonstrations performed in an interactive form. Students rated the new curriculum as a clear improvement. Analyses of time and cost‐effectiveness showed a decrease in teaching sessions by almost 50%. Generally, the teachers were more positive towards the changes compared to the non‐teaching staff. The students rated the new type of learning activities relatively high, whilst the traditional observational teaching was seen as less satisfactory. They preferred to learn in a practical way and few indicated analytic or emotional preferences. The majority of the students reported a good alignment between the new course curriculum and the final exam.     

中国口腔颌面外科学科发展调查分析

目的 全面了解中国口腔颌面外科学科发展的现状、发现存在的问题、提出口腔颌面外科可持续发展的策略.方法 设计"口腔颌面外科学科发展问卷调查表",对地市级以上综合医院的口腔科、口腔专科医院、口腔医学院校的口腔颌面外科规模、人力资源、业务范围、医疗工作量、人才培养等项目进行问卷调查,并与5、10年前的状况进行比较.结果 多数医疗机构口腔颌面外科医师人数、病床数、门诊人次增加,业务范围扩大,医疗水平提高.部分基层医疗机构相应医疗指标有下降,超过1/3的医疗机构口腔颌面外科研究生和进修生生源下降.结论 口腔颌面外科在持续发展,但存在基层医疗机构口腔颌面外科力量有所削弱等问题,应采取相应的策略增强学科的竞争力.     

Precaution of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in department of oral and maxillofacial surgery

The epidemic of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection has presented as a critical period. Until February 23^rd 2020, more than 77 000 cases of 2019-nCoV infection have been confirmed in China, which has a great impact on economy and society. It has also interferred with ordinary medical practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery seriously. In order to protect the oral and maxillofacial surgery medical staff from 2019-nCoV infection during the outbreak period, this paper suggests the necessary medical protective measures for oral and maxillofacial surgery outpatients and wards.     

Scope of oral and maxillofacial surgery: The psychosocial dimensions of orthognathic surgery

A group of 20 patients (12 females and 8 males) who underwent orthognathic surgery during the previous three years were surveyed. The reasons which determined the decision to undergo surgery are discussed. Patient satisfaction and the effect of surgery on psychological and social attitudes are explored.     

Lessons learnt from the first dual-specialty conference in oral and maxillofacial surgery led by medical students

There remains limited formal teaching and placements in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) in medical schools. OMFS incorporates surgical techniques and attends to conditions that overlap with specialties such as plastic, and ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgery. With an aim to introduce medical undergraduates to OMFS and promote links to clinical OMFS departments, we hereby report the successful organisation and impact of a locally-arranged, undergraduate, dual-specialty conference.     

低水平激光在口腔颌面外科领域研究进展

低水平激光治疗（LLLT）是直接应用光生物调节作用加快创伤愈合,减轻炎症,诱导镇痛。已经有大量的研究证实它在治疗肌肉损伤、退行性疾病和运动功能障碍等方面的取得令人满意的疗效,迄今为止,它在颌面部组织中的应用是有限的。该文就低水平激光在口腔颌面外科学领域的应用及治疗前景进行简要综述。     

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随着科技的发展,人类社会迈入了数字化时代。数字化技术与医学的完美结合形成了数字医学这一崭新学科。3D打印技术正是在这一背景下出现的一种全新的制造技术。3D打印技术改变了传统制造模式,是数字医学发展进程中的一个重要环节。