排钱草总生物碱对化学损伤性肝纤维化大鼠肝脏病理及超微结构变化的影响

目的 观察排钱草总生物碱对肝纤维化大鼠肝脏组织病理改变的影响。方法 用四氯化碳（CCL4）复制肝纤维化大鼠动物模型。结果 动物造模后光镜下肝细胞变性坏死程度加重、胶原纤维分布明显增多。电镜下肝细胞及细胞器形态结构破坏明显,贮脂细胞、枯否氏细胞增多,胶原纤维分布广泛。经排钱草总生物碱治疗后,肝组织病变减轻,上述与纤维化有关细胞及胶原纤维明显减少。结论 排钱草总生物碱可以减轻CCL4致肝纤维化的病变程度,抑制肝纤维化的发展。     

排钱草总生物碱对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原及TGF-β1表达的影响

目的:观察排钱草总生物碱对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠肝脏胶原沉积和转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)表达的影响,研究其对肝纤维化形成的抑制作用,并探讨可能的作用机制.方法:设立模型对照组、药物对照组、排钱草总生物碱高、中、低剂量组和正常对照组,以腹腔注射猪血清方法诱导大鼠肝纤维化动物模型.排钱草总生物碱高、中、低剂量组大鼠在注射猪血清的同时分别灌服排钱草总生物碱30mg/kg,20mg/kg,10mg/kg,1次/d,共8周.大鼠肝脏HE染色,观察各组大鼠肝组织的炎性坏死与胶原纤维沉积变化;免疫组化观察大鼠肝纤维化形成过程中腓钱草总生物碱对肝脏表达Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白及TGF-β1的影响.结果:与正常对照组比较,模型组大鼠肝脏出现典型的肝纤维化表现,肝脏胶原纤维间隔广泛形成,肝小叶与肝窦内胶原增生沉积明显,Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ型胶原(1.28±2.59 vs 13.82±6.55,1.00±1.22 vs 14.69±7.16,1.03±1.46 vs 12.44±6.89, P值均＜0.001)及TGF-β1表达明显增多.高、中、低剂量排钱草总生物碱均可以明显减轻大鼠肝脏内胶原纤维增生沉积(P＜0.05),抑制肝脏Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ型胶原蛋白(P值均＜0.05)及TGF-β1的合成表达.结论:排钱草总生物碱通过抑制肝纤维化大鼠肝脏Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ型胶原蛋白及TGF-β1的合成表达,起到良好地抗肝纤维化作用.     

排钱草对大鼠实验性肝纤维化的影响

目的:观察排钱草水、醇提取物对肝纤维化的影响。方法:在给大鼠皮下注射CCl_4进行肝纤维化模型制作的同时给予排钱草水、醇提取物(相当于每日原生药5g/ke、3g/kg),给药6周后检测大鼠肝组织羟脯氨酸(Hyp)及血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性,血清蛋白电泳测定γ-球蛋白,并观察肝脏的组织病理改变,与联苯双酯进行药效对照。结果:排钱草水、醇提取物的高、低剂量组和联苯双酯组均能显著降低肝脏Hyp含量及血清ALT、ALP的活性,降低γ-球蛋白以维持白/球(A/G)比值,对大鼠肝细胞坏死和胶原纤维增生亦有显著减轻作用。结论:排钱草水、醇提取物能减轻CCl_4致大鼠的肝脏损害,有利于减轻肝纤维化。     

排钱草总生物碱对肝纤维化大鼠Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原mRNA表达的影响

目的:探讨排钱草总生物碱对肝纤维化大鼠肝组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原mRNA表达的影响。方法:采用逆转录定量PCR方法测定不同剂量排钱草总生物碱对大鼠肝组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原mRNA的相对表达值。结果:高、中剂量组大鼠肝组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原mRNA表达显著低于模型组,P<0.05。与正常对照组相比差异无显著性意义。结论:排钱草总生物碱能显著降低猪血清所致免疫性肝纤维化大鼠肝脏Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原mRNA的表达。     

丹参提取物抗CCl_4诱导大鼠肝纤维化的作用(摘要)

目的:研究丹参水溶性提取物抗肝纤维化的作用。方法:采用CCl_4大鼠肝纤维化模型,设立低、中二种不同剂量的丹参提取物组,以秋水仙碱和丹参原生药为对照。观察项目包括:肝脏的病理组织学变化;肝组织羟脯氨酸(Hyp)、一氧化氮(NO)含量;血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活性和白蛋白(A1b)含量。结果:①各丹参提取物组肝纤维化病理     

复方中药861对胆管阻塞性肝纤维化模型的影响

目的：观察复方中药861对胆管阻塞性肝纤维化模型的影响。方法：动物模型为胆管阻塞性肝纤维化模型，以复方861喂服大鼠后分别观察血清生化，纤维化指标，肝组织羟脯氨酸含量，观察肝脏组织学变化，结果：经中药861治疗后，血清纤维化指标下降，肝组织总胶原含量下降，病理增生的胆小管减少，纤维组织分布不连续，HSC明显减少，同时PCNA染色显示小管增生不明显，肝细胞增生活跃。结论：抗纤中药861的逆转肝纤维化的作用在非炎症性肝纤维化模型中又一次得到证实。     

三草护肝胶囊抗实验性肝纤维化药效学研究

目的:观察三草护肝胶囊对肝纤维化动物血清相关指标(ALT、AST、ALP、TP、Alb、Glb、A/G、LM、HA、PCⅢ)、肝脏羟脯氨酸(Hyp)和肝脏超微结构的影响。方法:以四氯化碳皮下注射复制大鼠化学性肝纤维化模型,与秋水仙碱作比较。结果:三草护肝胶囊能显著降低肝纤维化大鼠血清AST和ALP活性,降低血清HA、LM、PCⅢ及肝组织Hyp含量,超微结构观察亦显示给药组肝纤维化程度较模型组轻。结论:三草护肝胶囊具有较好的抗肝纤维化作用。     

牛磺酸对四氯化碳诱导大鼠肝纤维化的抑制作用

目的研究牛磺酸的体内抗肝纤维化作用。方法用四氯化碳（ＣＣｌ４）复制大鼠肝纤维化模型;造模开始或造模６周后给予牛磺酸;实验结束后分别测定肝功能、纤维化指标（透明质酸和层粘连素）、肝羟脯氨酸及Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原ｍＲＮＡ含量,并作肝病理检查。结果牛磺酸可显著减轻ＣＣｌ４肝纤维化程度,能明显降低肝羟脯氨酸和Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原ｍＲＮＡ含量,降低血清透明质酸和层粘连素水平,改善肝功能,组织学检查亦显示具有抗肝纤维化作用。结论牛磺酸在体内具有抗肝纤维化的作用,可望用于肝纤维化的防治。     

甘草酸二铵对二甲基亚硝胺诱导肝纤维化大鼠肝脏胶原增生沉积的影响

目的观察甘草酸二铵的抗肝纤维化作用。方法二甲基亚硝胺腹腔注射诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型,以甘草酸二铵7mg/100g体重灌胃治疗,每日1次,共4周,并以γ干扰素为对照药物。观察大鼠体重、肝脾重量等一般情况;肝脏苏木精-伊红染色与丽春红胶原染色,分级分期观察肝组织的炎性坏死与胶原纤维沉积变化;检测血清肝功能变化与肝组织羟脯氨酸含量。结果模型大鼠肝脏胶原纤维间隔形成,肝小叶与肝窦内胶原增生沉积明显;脾脏明显增大;血清ALT活性升高,肝组织羟脯氨酸含量上升。甘草酸二铵可显著降低模型大鼠肝组织羟脯氨酸含量,减轻肝脏内胶原纤维增生沉积,降低血清ALT活性。与γ干扰素比较作用无明显差异。结论甘草酸二铵有良好的抗二甲基亚硝胺诱导的大鼠肝纤维化效果,其作用机制可能与药物减轻肝脏炎症,抑制肝脏羟脯氨酸与胶原生成有关。     

白屈菜红碱对肝纤维化大鼠肝脏病理学和肝脏羟脯氨酸含量的影响

目的观察白屈菜红碱对四氯化碳诱导的肝纤维化大鼠肝脏病理学和肝脏羟脯氨酸（Hpy）含量的变化。方法采用四氯化碳联合营养控制和饮用10％酒精复合法制备SD大鼠肝纤维化模型,在实验第4周末,肝纤维化模型建立（2期）成功,然后应用不同剂量的白屈菜红碱和INF-γ处理。在给药8周后,处死所有大鼠,并取肝脏组织,采用HE、VG及Massion染色观察肝脏组织病理学形态的变化,同时采用改进的氯胺-T测定法检测肝脏Hyp含量。结果各剂量白屈菜红碱组肝纤维化半定量计分和肝脏的Hpy含量明显低于病理模型组（P〈0．01）;大中剂量白屈菜红碱组与小剂量组比,大鼠肝脏组织纤维化半定量计分及肝组织Hyp含量有明显下降,差异显著（P〈0．01）。结论白屈菜红碱可以改善肝纤维化大鼠肝组织纤维化程度,降低肝组织Hyp含量,具有抗化学性肝纤维化作用。     

冷饭团抗肝纤维化的实验研究

探讨冷饭团的抗肝纤维化作用。方法采用CCl     

一氧化氮及一氧化氮合酶抑制剂对小鼠血吸虫病肝纤维化程度的影响

目的研究一氧化氮(NO)对小鼠日本血吸虫病肝纤维化程度的影响。方法昆明小鼠经腹部皮肤感染日本血吸虫,于感染后第4周末治疗组和抑制剂组分别给予NO前体-L-精氨酸(L-Arg)及一氧化氮合酶(NOS)抑制剂-NG-左旋-硝基精氨酸甲基乙酯(L-NAME),于第10周末处死小鼠,取血,分离血清,剖取肝脏。应用病理组织学方法及生物化学方法,观察各组小鼠血吸虫病肝纤维化程度,同时测定血清NO、层粘连蛋白(LN)、透明质酸(HA)、谷-草转氨酶(AST)及谷-丙转氨酶(ALT)活性和肝组织羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量。结果小鼠感染血吸虫后,感染组肝脏有明显的纤维化,血清中HA、LN、AST、ALT等指标显著升高,肝组织内Hyp含量也明显增加。与感染组相比:L-Arg高、中剂量组肝纤维化程度评分降低显著,低剂量组虽有减轻但无统计学意义,同时,L-Arg高、中剂量组血清LN、HA、AST、ALT的水平和肝组织Hyp的含量有所降低;低剂量组HA、LN、AST、ALT的水平虽然降低,但无统计学意义,Hyp水平降低明显;抑制剂组血清LN、HA、AST、ALT含量和肝组织Hyp的水平均明显升高。血清NO的水平随着精氨酸剂量的增加而显著增加,而精氨酸抑制剂组NO的水平降低明显。结论NO能明显降低血吸虫病肝纤维化的程度和减轻肝纤维化所造成的损伤作用。     

绞股蓝总皂苷对四氯化碳诱导大鼠肝纤维化的防治作用

目的:观察绞股蓝总皂苷对四氯化碳( CCl4)诱导的大鼠肝纤维化的防治作用.方法:采用CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化模型,分为正常组(Z,n=6)、模型组(M,n=8)、绞股蓝总皂苷组(J,n=8)、秋水仙碱(Q,n=8).造模6周末开始给药(股蓝总皂苷200mg/kg体重、秋水仙碱0.1mg/kg体重),给药3周.观察:①大鼠体重、肝脾比值的变化;②血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)活性、白蛋白( Alb)、总胆红素(TBil)含量、肝组织羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量;③肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)含量;④肝组织病理及胶原沉积情况.结果:①M组大鼠血清ALT、AST、GGT、TBil显著升高,Alb显著降低;J和Q组大鼠血清ALT、AST、GGT、TBil显著下降,Alb显著升高;②M组大鼠肝组织Hyp含量显著升高,J组及Q组大鼠肝组织Hyp含量显著下降;③肝组织HE染色显示:M组大鼠肝细胞脂肪变性,大量纤维结缔组织增生,假小叶形成.J组及Q组大鼠肝细胞脂肪变性减轻,纤维增生减少,少见完整假小叶结构.天狼星红染色显示:M组大鼠肝窦周胶原沉积明显,形成较厚汇管区和中央静脉间的纤维间隔,J组和Q组大鼠肝脏汇管区胶原纤维染较M组明显减轻;④M组大鼠肝组织SOD活性及GSH含量明显降低,MDA含量显著升高.J组大鼠肝组织SOD活性显著提高.结论:绞股蓝总皂苷具有显著抗CCl4诱导的大鼠肝纤维化及氧化损伤的作用.     

Effects of salviainolic acid A (SA-A) on liver injury: SA-A action on hepatic peroxidation

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the actions of salviainolic acid A (SA-A), an antiperoxidative component of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Sm), on rat liver injury and fibrosis. METHODS: Acute and chronic rat liver injury models were established using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). After 48 h (acute) or during 6 weeks of CCl4 injection, rats were further divided and treated with biphenyl dimethyl-dicarboxylate (BDD) or colchicine, as a control antifibrotic treatment, with Sm, a herbal compound, or SA-A, a water-soluble extract of Sm. Liver function was investigated by assessing alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities, histological analysis, hydroxyproline (Hyp) and malondiadehyde (MDA) content. In vitro, isolated cultured hepatocytes were injured with CCl4 gas for 24 h, followed by treatment with either vitamin E or various concentrations of SA-A. The extent of hepatocyte injury was monitored by analyzing various lipid peroxidative parameters such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), lactase dehydrogenase (LDH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels in hepatocyte supernatants. RESULTS: SA-A significantly decreased abnormal serum ALT activity both in acutely and chronically injured rat livers, decreased abnormal serum AST activity, Hyp and MDA content and attenuated hepatic collagen deposition. After CCl4 incubation and injury, the activities of AST, ALT CAT, GSH-PX and LDH and MDA content in hepatocyte supernatants increased significantly, but GSH levels decreased significantly. SA-A markedly improved these pathological changes in a dose-dependent manner. 10(-4) mol/l SA-A had stronger inhibitory action than vitamin E. CONCLUSIONS: Our studies suggest that SA-A has antiperoxidative effects on injured hepatocytes in liver injury and fibrosis induced by CCl4.     

Protective effects of 5,4''-dihydroxy-3'',5''- dimethoxy-7-O-β-D -glucopyranosyloxy-flavone on experimental hepatic injury

AIM: To investigate the pharmacological effects of rice flavone (5,4'-dihydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxy-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-flavone, RF) separated from panicledifferentiating to flowing rice on rat experimental hepatic injury.METHODS: Models of rat acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration, rat hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide, injury of primary cultured rat hepatocytes induced by CCl4, respectively,were established. After treated with RF, content of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and albumin (Alb), hyaluronic acid (HA), the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and hydroxyproline (Hyp) were measured and liver tissue was observed pathologically by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Effects of RF on pathological changes,function index, enzyme of scavenging free radicals and blood rheology were evaluated.RESULTS: In model of rat acute hepatic injury induced by CCl4, RF can significantly decrease the contents of serum ALT, AST, increase the content of Alb, improve the dropsy and fat denaturalization of hepatocytes. In model of rat hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide,RF can inhibit the increase of HA, Hyp and whole blood viscosity, and improve the activities of GSH-Px and SOD,and inauricular microcirculation.CONCLUSION: RF has apparent protective effects on hepatic injury by increasing activity of GSH-Px and SOD,scavenging free radicals produced by CCl4, reducing blood viscosity, and improving microcirculation and blood supply.     

参七内金散对肝纤维化模型大鼠肝组织转化生长因子-β1表达的影响

目的：探讨参七内金散抗大鼠肝纤维化的作用机制。方法：雄性SD大鼠32只随机分为3组：正常组、模型组、参七内金散组。除正常组外所有大鼠以CCl4皮下注射造模,首次注射100％CCl4 5ml／kg体重,之后40％CCl4-橄榄油溶液3ml／kg皮下注射,2次／周,连续注射6周。造模成功后参七内金散组以0．8g／kg的参七内金散灌胃大鼠,正常组与模型组大鼠则予以等量生理盐水灌胃,共2周。以盐酸水解法测定3组大鼠肝组织羟脯氨酸（Hyp）含量,分别以HE、天狼猩红染色观察大鼠肝组织的炎症与纤维化病理;以Real-time PCR及免疫印迹法检测大鼠肝组织TGF（转化生长因子）-β1 mRNA及蛋白表达。结果：与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肝组织可见大量肝组织脂肪变性及胶原病理沉积,并可见纤维间隔形成;参七内金散能显著改善模型大鼠肝组织脂肪变性与胶原病理沉积,降低肝组织Hyp含量;正常组大鼠肝组织可见少量TGF-β1mRNA及蛋白表达,模型组大鼠肝组织TGF-β1表达在mRNA和蛋白水平均显著性升高（P〈0．01）,参七内金散组大鼠肝组织TGF-β1mRNA及蛋白表达明显下调（P〈0．01）。结论：参七内金散具有抗肝纤维化作用;下调TGF-β1的表达可能是参七内金散抗肝纤维化的机理之一。     

Protective effects of 5,4′-dihydroxy-3.5′- dimethoxy-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-flavone on experimental hepatic injury

AIM: To investigate the pharmacological effects of rice flavone (5,4‘-dihydroxy-3‘,5‘-dimethoxy-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-flavone, RF) separated from panicle-differentiating to flowing rice on rat experimental hepatic injury. METHODS: Models of rat acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCI4) administration, rat hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide, injury of primary cultured rat hepatocytes induced by CCI4, respectively, were established. After treated with RF, content of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and albumin (AIb), hyaluronic acid (HA), the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and hydroxyproline (Hyp) were measured and liver tissue was observed pathologically by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Effects of RF on pathological changes, function index, enzyme of scavenging free radicals and blood rheology were evaluated. RESULTS: In model of rat acute hepatic injury inducedby CCI4, RF can significantly decrease the contents of serum ALT, AST, increase the content of AIb, improve the dropsy and fat denaturalization of hepatocytes. In model of rat hepatic fibrosis induced by thioacetamide, RF can inhibit the increase of HA, Hyp and whole blood viscosity, and improve the activities of GSH-Px and SOD, and inauricular microcirculation. CONCLUSION: RF has apparent protective effects onhepatic injury by increasing activity of GSH-Px and SOD, scavenging free radicals produced by CCI4, reducing blood viscosity, and improving microcirculation and blood supply.     

肝内脂肪和脂质过氧化与肝纤维化关系的实验研究

为探讨脂肪肝与肝纤维化的关系及其机制，以高脂饮食和（或）酒精诱发Ｗｉｓ－ｔａｒ大鼠脂肪肝模型，观察造模３个月和６个月时肝脏病理学变化，分析造模６个月时肝内甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量与羟脯氨酸（Ｈｙｐ）含量及α－平滑肌肌动蛋白（α－ＳＭＡ）阳性细胞数间的相关性。结果：与低脂饮食组相比，高脂饮食组ＴＧ显著升高，但ＭＤＡ和Ｈｙｐ及α－ＳＭＡ阳性细胞数基本正常；低脂饮食酒精组ＴＧ、ＭＤＡ、Ｈｙｐ和α－ＳＭＡ阳性细胞数均显著增多，高脂饮食酒精组以上改变更加明显，各指标与其他３组相比差异均有显著性；各组ＴＧ含量与α－ＳＭＡ阳性细胞数均不相关，ＴＧ与Ｈｙｐ仅在低脂饮食酒精组呈正相关，而ＭＤＡ与Ｈｙｐ和α－ＳＭＡ细胞数间在低脂饮食酒精组和高脂饮食酒精组均呈正相关。结果提示肝内脂肪本身与贮脂细胞激活和肝纤维化形成间并无直接关系，但其可通过增强肝脏脂质过氧化反应促进肝纤维化的发生和发展。