后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺疾病

目的:探讨后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺疾病的效果.方法:回顾性分析我院后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺疾病5例的临床资料.结果:5例手术全部获得成功,无并发症、效果良好.手术时间30～70min,平均40min,术中出血约30～80ml,平均约60ml(均未输血),术后2～3d下床活动,住院时间5～9d,平均住院时间6d.结论:后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺疾病具有创伤小、康复快、住院时间短等优点.     

后腹腔镜在肾上腺疾病手术治疗中的效果观察

目的探讨后腹腔镜在肾上腺疾病手术治疗中的临床效果。方法回顾性分析我院2006年4月～2009年12月36例肾上腺疾病患者进行了腹腔镜手术治疗的临床。结果 36例手术全部成功,其中单纯肿瘤切除8例,肾上腺次全切除18例,肾上腺全切除7例,囊肿切除3例。术中出血40～110ml,平均（73.56±22.56）ml,均未输血。手术时间40～130min,平均（79.26±18.67）min。术后24～48h拔除引流管,1～3d下床活动。腹胀呕吐5例,腹膜后血肿2例,经保守治疗均缓解。术后住院4～12d,平均（6.12±2.14）d。结论后腹腔镜治疗肾上腺疾病,安全、微创,具有住院时间短,恢复快等优点。     

后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺疾病28例临床观察

目的:观察后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺疾病的临床疗效。方法:回顾分析我院收治行手术治疗的54例肾上腺疾病患者的临床资料,按手术方式不同分为开放式手术组26例和后腹腔镜手术组28例,观察两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间及术后并发症等临床资料。结果:1例肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤后腹腔镜术患者中转开放手术,其余病例均顺利完成手术;后腹腔镜组手术时间、术后住院时间均显著短于开放式手术组(P<0.05),术中出血量显著少于开放式组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论:后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺疾病具有创伤小、出血量少、术后恢复快及并发症发生率低等特点,可作为肾上腺疾病外科治疗的首选方法。     

后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺肿瘤的临床应用体会

目的探讨后腹腔镜下肾上腺肿瘤切除的疗效。方法我院于2006年1月～2007年6月,采用Olympus腹腔镜器械治疗肾上腺肿瘤25例。结果成功23例,改开放手术2例,成功率92%,术后无并发症发生。结论后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺肿瘤疗效确切,具有创伤小,术中出血少,恢复快,住院时间短等优点。是肾上腺良性疾病手术治疗的首选方法。     

腹腔镜腹膜后入路手术治疗肾上腺疾病（附23例报告）

目的探讨后腹腔镜在肾上腺疾病手术治疗中的应用。方法应用腹腔镜经腹膜后入路手术治疗肾上腺疾病23例。结果23例手术全部成功。手术时间100～220（140±24）min。术中出血量50～150ml，均未输血。术后5～6d出院。无严重并发症。结论腹腔镜腹膜后入路手术治疗肾上腺疾病具有创伤小、出血少、术后恢复快的优点，是肾上腺手术的一种理想方法。     

后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺肿瘤的临床应用体会

目的探讨后腹腔镜下肾上腺肿瘤切除的疗效。方法我院于2006年1月～2007年6月,采用Olympus腹腔镜器械治疗肾上腺肿瘤25例。结果成功23例,改开放手术2例,成功率92%,术后无并发症发生。结论后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺肿瘤疗效确切,具有创伤小,术中出血少,恢复快,住院时间短等优点。是肾上腺良性疾病手术治疗的首选方法。     

后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺疾病疗效观察

目的后腹腔镜技术治疗肾上腺疾病并评价其临床价值。方法应用后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺疾病23例:包括肾上腺皮质腺瘤13例(原发性醛固酮增多症10例,皮质醇症2例,无功能腺瘤1例),肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤8例,肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤2例。病变位于右侧8例,左侧15例。全部病例均采用腹膜后径路。结果23例手术中22例取得成功,转开放手术1例。后腹腔镜手术成功病例手术时间65～190min,平均120min。术中失血35～250ml,平均110ml,均未输血。术后16～48h恢复进食,1～3d可下床活动。术后住院时间2～9d,平均3.8d。结论与开放手术相比,后腹腔镜手术具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少、病人住院时间短等优点,可成为肾上腺良性疾病的首选手术方法。     

后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺疾病26例疗效分析

目的:探讨后腹腔镜在肾上腺手术中的应用。方法:回顾性分析26例肾上腺疾病腹腔镜手术的治疗效果及恢复情况。结果:26例均获得成功。手术时间35~180min,平均90min;术后平均住院时间为5d;所有患者术中及术后均未输血,无明显并发症。结论:后腹腔镜肾上腺切除术具有损伤小、术后恢复快和住院时间短等优点,已成为肾上腺疾病首选的金标准治疗方法。     

后腹腔镜手术治疗肾及肾上腺疾病

目的 应用后腹腔镜治疗肾及肾上腺疾病并评价其临床价值.方法 采用腹膜后腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺疾病55例,其中肾癌8例,肾囊肿25例,肾上腺皮质腺瘤17例,肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤3例,肾上腺囊肿2例.结果 55例手术中转开放手术3例,52例取得成功,无明显并发症.术后住院时间2～8 d,平均5 d.结论 与开放手术相比,后腹腔镜手术具有创伤小,出血少,并发症少,术后病人恢复快,住院时间短等优点,可作为具有适应证的肾及肾上腺疾病首选的治疗方法.     

腹腔镜手术治疗肾上腺疾病(附20例报告)

目的:探讨腹膜后腹腔镜在肾上腺手术中的应用。方法:采用腹膜后腹腔镜完成20例肾上腺占位病变切除术,20例全部成功,术后病理检查证实:原发性醛固酮增多症8例,皮质醇腺瘤7例,嗜铬细胞瘤2例,肾上腺囊肿3例。结果:术中术后均未输血,无严重并发症,手术时间平均120(60~300)min。术后住院时间平均6.5(5～8)d。结论:与开放手术相比,后腹腔镜肾上腺切除术具有微创,安全,住院时间短,康复快等优点,可作为肾上腺良性疾病的首选手术方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.