东海县中学生肠道寄生虫感染情况调查

目的了解东海县中学生肠道寄生虫病流行现状,为学校开展健康教育和制定防治方案提供依据。方法按照《全国人体重要寄生虫病现状调查实施细则》的方法和要求,调查中学生重要肠道寄生虫感染率和感染度,收集有关社会经济和防治工作资料并进行分析。结果 2个点共调查1 983人,查出重要肠道寄生虫感染者35人,总感染率1.77%,高中学生总感染率为1.42%,农村和城镇的感染率分别为1.61%和1.22%,初中学生总感染率为2.11%,农村和城镇的感染率分别为2.41%和1.81%。共查出重要肠道寄生虫3种,肠道线虫钩虫、蛔虫、鞭虫的感染率分别为0.50%、1.11%、0.25%,感染度均为轻度,多重感染占5.71%。结论东海县中学生肠道寄生虫仍以肠道线虫占绝对优势,鞭虫感染率相对较高,流行水平较10年前大幅度下降,高中学生和初中学生及农村和城镇学生的流行水平差异均无统计学意义,影响因素与防治工作开展情况及卫生习惯有关。     

浙江省肠道寄生虫感染现状调查

目的了解浙江省肠道寄生虫病流行现状与态势,评估防治效果,为制定防治计划提供依据。方法按照《全国人体重要寄生虫病现状调查实施细则》规定的方法和要求进行。结果共查出10种寄生虫,人群寄生虫总感染率7.48%,12岁以下儿童蛲虫感染率为6.89%;浙西丘陵区感染率明显高于其他地区,以钩虫、蛔虫感染为主,东部滨海岛屿区以鞭虫感染和儿童蛲虫感染为主。低年龄组和中老年农民是感染寄生虫的高危人群。结论与第一次寄生虫分布调查相比,人群肠道寄生虫总感染率和各虫种感染率均大幅度下降,但土源性线虫病目前仍是浙江省流行的主要寄生虫病。     

周口市人体肠道寄生虫病感染现状调查

目的：掌握豫东平原周口市人群肠道寄生虫感染现状。方法：按照《全国人体重要寄生虫病现状调查》实施细则规定方法和要求，选择3县9个调查点。结果：调查4539人，肠道寄生虫总感染率19．06％（865／4539）；其中蠕虫感染率9．63％（437／4539），原虫感染率9．43％（428／4539）。查出肠道寄生虫15种，蠕虫7种，原虫8种。结论：该市人群寄生虫感染已经大幅度下降，但不同地区感染情况仍有较大差异，低年龄组仍是受寄生虫感染的高危人群。     

桐乡市人体重要寄生虫感染调查分析

目的了解桐乡市人体重要寄生虫病感染情况,掌握流行动态和流行规律,评估防治效果。方法采用改良加藤厚涂片法检查肠道蠕虫卵,试管滤纸培养法鉴别十二指肠钩虫和美洲钩虫,碘液直接涂片法检查肠道原虫,儿童采用透明胶纸肛拭法外加调查蛲虫卵。结果 1989年、1997年和2015年人体肠道寄生虫总感染率分别为58.62%、11.81%、0.40%,每次调查感染率较前一次均有大幅下降,各年份之间寄生虫感染率差异有统计学意义(χ2=1 320.39,P0.01)。感染线虫、原虫及绦虫的构成比分别为87.86%、11.94%及0.21%,人群感染以线虫为主。感染的虫种数量和多重感染率也逐次减少。结论由于社会经济发展,农村普及改水改厕,农业机械化程度提高和种植业结构的调整,并采取以集体驱虫为主的综合性防治措施,桐乡市人体寄生虫感染已大幅度降低。     

福建省宁化县人体肠道寄生虫病调查

目的了解宁化县人体肠道寄生虫病流行状况,为制定防治对策提供依据。方法 2016年用分层整群随机抽样法,抽取宁化县东、西、南、北、中的各1个村为调查点,每村抽取≥3周岁居民200人,调查人群肠道寄生虫感染情况。结果共调查1 008人,肠道寄生虫总感染率为12.9%,其中钩虫、鞭虫和华支睾吸虫分别为9.5%、1.9%和1.0%;总感染率男女类似;以钩虫感染为主,儿童蛲虫感染率为24.0%;年龄以≥40岁组感染率最高(11.1%);职业以农民感染率最高(14.0%)。结论宁化县人体肠道寄生虫感染率较2008年感染率下降7.2个百分点,但仍处于较高水平(12.9%),尤其是华支睾吸虫感染。应积极采取防治措施,以减少寄生虫病感染。     

2002～2003年广西儿童人体重要寄生虫感染调查

目的了解广西儿童人体重要寄生虫病的感染现状及影响因素，为行政部门制定可行的防治对策提供依据。方法按《全国人体重要寄生虫病调查方案》的方法。结果14岁以下少年儿童人群寄生虫总感率46．42％，各种寄生虫感染率分别为：蛔虫30．99％、鞭虫14．70％、钩虫6．37％，华支睾吸虫0．56％，蛲虫感染率19．82％；以轻度、单一虫种感染为主；不同片区总感染率从高到低依次为东、南、西、中、北；瑶族感染率明显高于其它民族。结论广西少年儿童寄生虫感染较普遍，某些地区较严重。应重视群体性药物防治、粪便的无害化管理、生活环境改善、健康教育等工作，才能有效控制寄生虫病。     

三明市人群土源性线虫感染现状调查结果分析

[目的]了解三明市人群土源性线虫感染现状，评价十几年来的防治效果。[方法]采用改良加藤氏厚片法检查肠道蠕虫卵，用肛拭法检查儿童蛲虫卵，并对检查结果进行统计分析。[结果]调查9821人，查出肠道寄生虫6种，感染1659人，感染率16．9％；其中蛔虫、钩虫和鞭虫感染率分别为3．0％、12．9％、0．9％。蛲虫调查542人，感染率为31．6％。[结论]三明市10多年来土源性线虫感染率已大幅度下降。     

中韩蠕虫病防治调查

采用多种检查方法以进一步调查少数民族居民寄生虫感染的种类，感染率，感染度。结果：查出寄生虫１２种，感染一种虫的占８６．８％，二种虫的占１３．２％，居民平均感染率为３０．９％，其中蛔虫为１０．８％，晓虫为３９．３％，其余低于１０％，华枝睾吸虫的感染率属中度、线虫、原虫、绦虫均属轻度。男性感染率为２８．１％，女性为２４．６％，中间宿主－纹沼螺全部阴性，鱼感染率为０．４％，提示：不同年龄组人群体内虫种构     

全民防治肠道寄生虫病的健康教育

<正>肠道寄生虫病是一组危害人民健康常见病,1988～1999年湖南省寄生虫分布调查显示:岳阳市人群肠道寄生虫总感染率为64.99％,其中肠道线虫的蛔虫、鞭虫、钩虫和12岁以下儿童蛲虫的感染率分别为41.35％、8.25％、20.68％和24.46％,高于全国平均水平(总感染率62.6％),如此高的感染率已对岳阳市人民健康构成严重威胁,因此对该类疾病的全民驱治已刻不容缓。为配合全市全民肠道寄生虫病防治工作,寻找适合大面积防治人体肠道寄生虫病的方法。本研究采用不同的宣传方式,进行全民防治肠道寄生虫病的健康教育。     

龙海市人体重要寄生虫感染现状调查

目的分析龙海市人体重要寄生虫感染的现状及变化,为制定寄生虫病防治策略与评价效果提供依据。方法采用改良加藤厚涂片法粪检肠道蠕虫卵,对3~12周岁儿童采用透明胶纸肛拭法检测蛲虫卵。结果肠道寄生虫总感染率为5.1%（52/1 023）,儿童蛲虫感染率为17.65%（24/136）。查出钩虫、鞭虫、蛲虫与长膜壳绦虫等4种重要寄生虫。感染者主要为农民、学生和儿童,感染者不同性别和年龄组之间,差异无统计学意义;不同文化程度和人群之间,差异有统计学意义。结论龙海市人体重要寄生虫感染率与1989-1990年及2001-2003年的2次调查结果相比,有所下降,但儿童蛲虫感染仍维持较高水平。     

A comparison of post-mortem analysis of helminths with faecal egg counts.

Intestinal helminth infections are very common amongst residents of the Colombo area. Most common by post-mortem examination of 104 cases of sudden death were Trichuris trichiura (97.1%), Necator americanus (88.5%), Enterobius vermicularis (77.9%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (40.4%). Trematode and cestode infections were not encountered except a single case of H. diminuta infection. A comparison of the results obtained by the direct smear method for examining stools missed cases harbouring gravid females of up to 3 Ascaris lumbricoides, 29 Trichuris trichiura and 66 Necator americanus. The direct smear revealed all the helminths present except threadworms in only 30% of the cases. The correlation between worm loads calculated from ova counts and actual numbers harboured was fairly close in 19 out of 35 cases for Ascaris and 37 out of 78 cases for Necator americanus. Highly erroneous results were obtained in many instances when worm loads were calculated from the results of ova counts.     

瑞金市人体重要寄生虫病的现况调查

目的 :了解目前人体寄生虫病流行现状和态势 ,评估防治效果。方法 :按照卫生部制定的《全国人体寄生虫病调查实施细则》进行抽样调查。结果 :检查 3个村 15 4 6人 ,受检率 97.79% ;检出寄生虫 3种 ,总感染率为 31.89% ,蛔虫、鞭虫、蛲虫的感染率分别为 2 8.4 0 %、 3.95 %、 15 .36 % ,与 1988年相比 ,分别下降 6 3.6 8%、 88.32 %、 11.88% ,减少3种线虫、 1种吸虫。结论 :14年的寄生虫病防治工作成效显著 ,应常抓不懈     

Intestinal parasite infections in a semiarid area of Northeast Brazil: preliminary findings differ from expected prevalence rates

We report on intestinal parasite infection prevalence in a population sample from S o Raimundo Nonato, Southeast Piau State, Brazil, aimed at comparison with previous studies on Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides infection. A total of 265 stool specimens were collected and examined by spontaneous sedimentation. Approximately 57% of specimens were infected with at least one parasite species. Entamoeba coli (35.8%), Endolimax nana (13.6%), Hymenolepis nana (9.4%), and hookworm (9.4%) were the most frequently observed parasites. Two cases of roundworm infection were detected, probably acquired outside the region. T. trichiura eggs were not found. Interestingly, neither A. lumbricoides nor T. trichiura has been found in local prehistoric human coprolites. Nevertheless, hookworm infection has been present in the region for at least 7,000 years.     

Cockroaches as carriers of human intestinal parasites in two localities in Ethiopia

A study was undertaken to assess the role of cockroaches as potential carriers of human intestinal parasites in Addis Ababa and Ziway, Ethiopia. A total of 6480 cockroaches were trapped from the two localities from October 2006 to March 2007. All the cockroaches trapped in Addis Ababa (n=2240) and almost 50% (2100/4240) of those trapped in Ziway were identified as Blattella germanica. The rest of the cockroaches trapped in Ziway were identified as Periplaneta brunnea (24.52%), Pycnoscelus surinamensis (16.03%) and Supella longipalpa (9.90%). Microscopic examination of the external body washes of pooled cockroaches and individual gut contents revealed that cockroaches are carriers of Entamoeba coli and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar cysts as well as Enterobius vermicularis, Trichuris trichiura, Taenia spp. and Ascaris lumbricoides ova. Besides their role as a nuisance, the present study further confirms that cockroaches serve as carriers of human intestinal parasites. The possible association of cockroaches with allergic conditions such as asthma is also discussed. Hence, appropriate control measures should be taken particularly to make hotels and residential areas free of cockroaches as they represent a health risk.     

河南省农村居民肠道蠕虫病流行现状分析

目的 了解河南省农村居民肠道蠕虫的流行现状,为制定本省蠕虫病防治措施提供依据。方法 2014年至2015年按照《全国人体重点寄生虫病现状调查实施细则》的要求,采用分层整群抽样方法抽取35个县的104个点,采用改良加藤厚涂片法开展肠道蠕虫检查,试管滤纸培养法鉴别美洲钩虫与十二指肠钩虫,3~9岁儿童同时采用透明胶纸肛拭法检查蛲虫卵和带绦虫卵。结果 河南省农村居民肠道蠕虫总感染率为1.48%,标化率为1.30%,不同肠道蠕虫间感染率差异有统计学意义x2=1 113.669,P＜0.001),其中蛲虫感染率最高(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=168.647,P＜0.001);居民肠道蠕虫感染率与二次寄调相比也有大幅下降。不同年龄组间肠道蠕虫感染率差异有统计学意义(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=142.775,P＜0.001),且0～9岁年龄组感染率最高(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=31.148,P＜0.001);不同职业人群中学龄前儿童肠道蠕虫感染率最高(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=83.397,P＜0.001),且感染虫种均以蛲虫为主,不同文化程度居民间肠道蠕虫感染率差别有统计学意义且感染率随文化程度升高呈下降趋势(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=159.603,P＜0.001)(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗=110.548,P＜0.001)。结论 河南省居民肠道蠕虫感染率大幅下降,儿童蛲虫感染应为今后寄生虫病防治重点。     

Monitoring of parasites in domestic sewage]

OBJECTIVE: The evaluation of the presence of parasites in semisolid and liquid sewage in Argentinian Patagonia in view of the fact that this is a restriction for its use. METHODS: The samples taken at 4 Domestic Sewage Plants were analyzed in accordance with Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, Environmental Protection Agency, World Health Organization and some other classifications. RESULTS: Only 2 of 6 semisolid samples analyzed had non-viable Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. Of the 10 liquid samples analyzed, only 2 did not contain eggs whereas the remaining ones had pathogens of categories I (Giardia sp., Hymenolepis nana and Enterobius vermicularis) and III (Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale and Trichuris trichiura). CONCLUSIONS: All semisolid samples turned out to be satisfactory for use as fertilizer as no viable Ascaris lumbricoides eggs were found in any of them. But only 6 of the liquid samples were satisfactory for use as they had no eggs or their concentrations was equal to or less than 1 egg per litre.     

河北省沧县监测点2006—2008年土源性线虫感染情况

目的通过了解掌握线虫病流行规律及其影响因素,为制定性线虫病防治策略与措施提供科学依据。方法根据《全国土源性线虫病监测方案》的要求,选定河北省沧县风化店乡达子店村为监测点,共监测1564人,采用改良加腾厚涂片法和透明胶带肛拭法检测蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫和蛲虫等土源性线虫虫卵。结果该监测点2006—2008年总样品数3677份,其中采集3周岁以上人群粪便标本3221份,肛拭法采集蛲虫片336份,外环境土壤标本120份。人群粪便标本中检出蛔虫卵7份,蛲虫卵2份,便标本总阳性率0.28%。其中蛲虫片336份检出蛲虫卵11份,阳性率3.27%。1564人连续检测3年线虫病总体感染率为1.28%（20/1564）。以上标本未检出其他虫卵。结论该监测点连续3年土源性线虫感染率波动在很低水平,随着感染者的治愈不断有新感染者出现。     

贵州省2010年土源性线虫病监测点监测结果分析

目的 了解贵州省土源性线虫病监测点居民土源性线虫感染现状.方法 根据《全国土源性线虫病监测方案》要求选点,确定监测人群,采用改良加藤厚涂片法查粪便虫卵,透明胶纸肛拭法查12岁以下儿童蛲虫卵.改良饱和硝酸钠漂浮法检查土样中的虫卵.结果 共调查1 000人,土源性线虫总感染率为34.3％,其中,蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫感染率分别为26.3％、0.3％和16.0％,3～12岁儿童蛲虫卵的监测中未发现感染者.对10户居民菜园、厕所周边、庭院、厨房的40份土样进行检查,蛔虫卵阳性率分别为60％、80％、20％和10％.结论 监测点土源性线虫感染现状仍十分严峻,应采取综合措施降低感染率,保护人民群众的身体健康.     

Results of testing for intestinal parasites by state diagnostic laboratories, United States, 1987.

We analyzed results of 216,275 stool specimens examined by the state diagnostic laboratories in 1987; parasites were found in 20.1%. Percentages were highest for protozoans: Giardia lamblia (7.2%), Entamoeba coli and Endolimax nana (4.2% each), Blastocystis hominis (2.6%), Entamoeba histolytica (0.9%), and Cryptosporidium species (0.2%). Identifications of Giardia lamblia increased broadly from the 4.0% average found in 1979, with 40 states reporting increases and seven decreases. Most states that identified Giardia in more than 9% of specimens were located around the Great Lakes or in the Northwest. Seasonally, Giardia identifications increased in the summer and fall, especially in northern states. The most identified helminths were nematodes: hookworm (1.5%), Trichuris trichiura (1.2%), and Ascaris lumbricoides (0.8%). Other less commonly identified helminths included Clonorchis and Opisthorchis species (0.6%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0.4%), Hymenolepis nana (0.4%), Enterobius vermicularis (0.4%), and Taenia species (0.1%). Tape tests for Enterobius, reported for 35 states, were positive for 11.4% of 9,597 specimens. Nine states (California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, New Jersey, Oregon, Rhode Island, Washington, Wisconsin) reported hookworms in more than 2% of specimens; none were states traditionally associated with indigenous transmission. Cryptosporidium diagnoses, reported by 25 of 49 states, were recorded for the first time in a national survey and showed no marked regional clustering. The Giardia data revealed changes in rates of identification and in geographic patterns compared with state laboratory data collected a decade earlier (1976-1978).