脑上皮样血管内皮瘤1例及文献复习

目的：探讨脑上皮样血管内皮瘤（ＥＨＥ）的诊断及鉴别诊断。方法：通过ＨＥ、免疫组化及电镜观察１例脑原发性多灶性上皮样血管内皮瘤、并复习文献。结果：肿瘤由排列呈巢状、索状的上皮样细胞组成,胞浆丰富、嗜酸性;内含明显空泡呈“印戒”状,有的空泡内可见红血球,间质含粘液样基质。免疫组化染色显示ＦⅧ、ＣＤ３４、ＣＤ３１、ＵＥＡ－１和ｖｉｍｅｎｔｉｎ阳性;而ＣＫ、ＣＥＡ、ＥＭＡ、ＧＦＡＰ、Ｓ－１００蛋白及Ｍａｃ     

肾脏上皮样血管内皮瘤1例及文献复习

目的 探讨肾上皮样血管内皮瘤(epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, EHE)的临床病理学特征、诊断及鉴别诊断方法.方法 通过HE染色和免疫组化观察1例肾原发性上皮样血管内皮瘤并复习文献.结果 组织学上肿瘤由排列呈巢状和条索状的上皮样细胞组成,胞质丰富、嗜酸性,常见胞质内腔隙,部分腔隙内有红细胞,有些细胞核偏位,类似印戒细胞样,间质为黏液样.免疫表型:CD34、CD31和vimentin阳性,显示细胞内空泡为原始血管腔.结论 EHE是一种不常见的生物学行为介于血管瘤和普通型(高级别)血管肉瘤之间的血管肿瘤,其病理形态具有一定的特征性,发生在肾脏者罕见,其形态学和免疫表型与发生于肾外者相同.     

骨上皮样血管内皮瘤4例及文献复习

目的探讨4例骨上皮样血管内皮瘤(epithelioid hemangioendothelioma,EHE)的临床病理特点、诊断和鉴别诊断。方法对4例原发于骨的EHE临床资料、组织学、免疫组化进行观察分析并随访,结合文献讨论。结果 4例骨EHE中男性和女性各2例,中位年龄24岁,发生部位包括右肩胛骨、腰4～5椎体、胫骨下段和左足。临床症状主要为疼痛,影像学资料提示溶骨性改变;镜下示上皮样的肿瘤细胞呈巢状、索状或小梁状排列,肿瘤细胞呈圆形、多边形间或梭形,常见明显的胞质内空泡并伴有周围间质的玻璃样或黏液样变性。免疫表型:瘤细胞CD31、CD34、α-SMA均阳性(100%),CKpan有1例阳性(25%),EMA均阴性(100%),肿瘤增殖标记Ki-67呈低表达。结论原发于骨的EHE是一种少见的低度恶性的血管源性肿瘤,它的诊断要结合临床和影像学资料,依据其病理学特征及相关的免疫组化特点综合判断,需与骨转移性癌、上皮样血管瘤、上皮样血管肉瘤(epithelioid angiosarcoma,EAS)等鉴别。     

肝脏上皮样血管内皮瘤

1982年，Weiss等首次描述了上皮样血管内皮瘤(cpithelioid haemangioendothelioma，EHE)，该瘤的恶性程度具有不确定性，临床病程介于血管瘤和血管内皮肉瘤之间，好发于软组织、肺和骨，亦可见于脾脏、乳腺、心脏、头颈、脑脊膜和脑、胃肠道等部位。早在1975年，Dail等就曾描述过发生于肺部类似EHE的肿瘤，当时称之为血管内细支气管肺     

上皮样血管内皮瘤

目的：探讨上皮样血管内皮瘤的临床病理学特征。方法：对6例上皮样血管内皮瘤进行HE、组化及免疫组化（S-P法）检测,1例作电镜观察。结果：年龄26-66岁,平均38岁,部位;头颈部4例,上肢、会阴各1例,形态学特征;瘤细胞似上皮细胞样,呈巢状索状管腔样排列,瘤细胞内有原始血管腔,核分裂象少见,个别病例见细胞有异型性及小灶性坏死,间质多少不一黏液样变或透明变,AB/PAS(pH1.0)染色5例,瘤细胞阴性,AB黏液样基质呈淡蓝色,网染显示大量血管腔隙,免疫组化检测,vimentin、CD346例均阳性,FⅧRAg、CK4例阳性,CEA、EMA、MAC3876例均阴性,电镜观察1例见胞质内含有W-P小体。结论：上皮样血管内皮瘤属于低度恶性软组织肿瘤。病因不明,提高对本瘤认识可避免误诊。     

肺上皮样血管内皮瘤1例

患者男性,45岁.1个月前感冒后出现全身乏力、咽部不适、鼻塞、流涕、打喷嚏、痰中带血块等症状.入院前4天患者晚上自觉发热,测体温37 ℃.CT及增强CT检查示左肺上叶结节灶,双下肺纹理重,肺癌不能除外(图1).在本院做痰培养,抗酸杆菌染色阴性.临床诊断为左肺上叶结节性质待查.     

甲状腺上皮样血管内皮瘤1例

患者,女,66岁,发现颈部肿物2年,快速增大1月。体检：左侧颈前甲状腺肿物12cm×10cm×10cm,质硬,结节状,表面皮肤无红肿,边界欠清,活动度差,无明显触压痛,气管偏向右侧,肿块无血管杂音。实验室检查T3、T4正常。X线气管软化试验阳性。CT示左侧颈部恶性肿瘤。     

胸膜上皮样血管内皮瘤3例临床病理分析

上皮样血管内皮瘤(epithelioid hemangioendothelioma，EH)是一种特殊类型的上皮样、组织细胞样和其混合形态的血管内皮细胞源性恶性肿瘤。该瘤WHO(1994年)分类曾称交界性或中间性的血管内皮瘤，根据WHO(2002年)新分类现被列入软组织肿瘤中恶性的脉管肿瘤。该瘤罕见，组织形态结构多变，极易误诊，现报道3例。     

肝脏上皮样血管内皮瘤临床病理观察

目的 探讨肝脏上皮样血管内皮瘤(epithelioid hemangioendothelioma,EHE)的临床病理特点和鉴别诊断要点.方法 结合文献对3例肝脏EHE的临床资料、病理特征、免疫表型及治疗预后进行分析.结果 3例均为女性,年龄分别70、75和36岁.2例为肝脏内多发,1例为单发.典型的组织学特征表现为短梭形上皮样细胞伴多量胶原化的纤维间质,肿瘤细胞形成网眼状结构,并可见印戒样细胞,胞质内可包含单个红细胞.肿瘤呈浸润性生长,延肝窦及肝内小血管生长.免疫表型:vimentin(+++)、FⅧRAg(+++)、CD34(++)、CD31(++)、D2-40(++).而CK、CK7、CK8/18、Hep-1、AFP均(-).结论 肝脏EHE是一种罕见的肿瘤并且预后有差别,部分病例可迅速死亡.D2-40在肿瘤中有一定的阳性表达,是鉴别诊断中有价值的标记物.     

骨上皮样血管内皮瘤1例

患者,女性,78岁,因左上臂肿胀伴指端麻木4年余在浙江大学附属第一医院就诊。查体：左肩及上臂肿胀明显,皮肤红肿,左上肢活动受限,左手指麻木不适,左手握拳不能。X线：左侧肱骨上中段形态不完整,骨皮质毛糙,骨髓质致密,髓腔内密度增高,与正常段分界尚清,相邻软组织肿胀（图1）。     

Mediastinal epithelioid hemangioendothelioma metastatic to lymph nodes and pleural fluid: Report of a case

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare mesenchymal tumor of vascular origin, classified as a sarcoma of intermediate malignant potential. Involvement of numerous sites of the body, including visceral organs, soft tissue, testis, skeleton, brain, meninges, and skin have been described. We report an unusual case of a mediastinal epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in a 65‐year‐old female initially presenting as a metastasis to lymph nodes of the hilar region and subsequently as a malignant pleural effusion. The patient had a complex history of papillary renal cell carcinoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, and Waldenstrom's hyperglobulinemia making the diagnosis of metastatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma difficult. Clinical, cytological and immunohistochemical features of this tumor are described with an emphasis on diagnostic pitfalls. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Characteristic cytologic findings of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: A case report and review of literature

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular neoplasm of low-grade malignancy. We observed a case of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma arising in a cervical lymph node. Fine needle aspiration cytology showed several characteristic findings of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, that is, nuclear inclusion bodies, nuclear grooves, and amorphous material, in addition to physaliform chromatin pattern of a new clue. By reviewing the reports, the prevalence of these is clarified. Complex appearance of these findings is useful in the diagnosis.     

Multicentric epithelioid hemangioendothelioma involving the same lower extremity: a case report and review of literature

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EH) is an uncommon low-grade malignant soft-tissue tumor; no case has been previously reported where multicentric epithelioid hemangioendothelioma occurred in the same lower extremity at different sites. We report a case involving the common peroneal nerve and subsequently the long bone and the short bones of the same lower extremity, and also review the literature. After establishing case of several lesions, we reviewed the histopathology properly and followed up the patient for a long time with serial whole body assessment to pick up any subsequent lesions.     

Primary pleural epithelioid hemangioendothelioma with rhabdoid phenotype: report and review of the literature

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare malignant vascular tumor described in diverse locations including lung and liver. Relative to these sites, primary EHE of the serous cavities is uncommon. EHE in the serous cavities mimics mesothelioma and adenocarcinoma clinically, radiographically, cytologically, and histologically. EHEs have plasmacytoid epithelioid cells with cytoplasmic vacuoles. In addition to these features, we noted eccentric nuclei with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and nuclei displaced peripherally by globular cytoplasmic inclusions imparting a "rhabdoid" phenotype. These cells were often seen surrounding a hyaline core. Rhabdoid features are not unique to a single entity, and a comprehensive immunohistochemical panel is essential. We report the occurrence of pleural EHE with rhabdoid features presenting in a pleural effusion, and review the literature of primary serosal EHEs.     

Fine needle aspiration biopsy of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the oral cavity: report of one case and review of literature

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is an uncommon vascular tumor with biological behavior intermediate between hemangioma and angiosarcoma. It rarely occurs in the oral cavity. We report a case of an 81-yr-old woman with a 2-mo history of a 2 x 2 cm2 submucosal buccal mass. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) smears were paucicellular and showed mainly single atypical large epithelioid cells in a bloody background. The atypical cells had abundant dense cytoplasm, some with fine vacuoles. Occasionally, cells with large cytoplasmic lumina were seen. Cytology preparations from fresh tissue received for frozen section revealed numerous neoplastic cells with large intracytoplasmic lumina, some of which contained red blood cells. In addition, cells with distinct intranuclear inclusions were present. Histologic sections and immunohistochemical stains confirmed the diagnosis of EHE. Although the histologic features of EHE are well recognized, reports of FNA cytology findings are sparsely existent in the literature as several case reports. The characteristic cytological features of EHE are reviewed in this report. We believe that the diagnosis of this rare tumor can be suggested when an adequate FNA specimen is obtained.     

骨上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤9例诊治分析

目的 探讨骨上皮样血管内皮细胞瘤(B-EHE)的诊断、治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析2002年2月—2015年9月解放军东部战区总医院骨科收治的9例B-EHE患者的临床资料。其中男6例、女3例,年龄15~64岁。术前X线及CT检查均表现为溶骨性改变,1例MRI可见周围软组织受累,1例出现肺部转移灶。3例选择病灶刮除、植骨内固定;1例腰椎病灶选择肿瘤切除椎板减压内固定;3例近关节病灶选择肿瘤切除假体置换,其中1例术后化疗;1例多发病灶伴肺转移选择活检确诊后化疗治疗;1例病理性骨折伴出血选择行截肢术后综合治疗。结果 9例中失访1例,其余随访时间8～72个月。现7例存活。3例行病灶刮除植骨内固定,2例局部复发,二次手术后治愈。1例腰椎肿瘤切除减压固定,术后恢复良好。3例行肿瘤切除假体置换术,1例失访;2例术后治愈,关节功能良好,其中1例术后辅助化疗,未出现局部复发和病灶转移。1例多发病灶伴肺部转移行化疗,肺部无进展,局部无进展。1例行截肢术后综合治疗者,肿瘤复发迁延性出血,最终因器官衰竭死亡。结论 B-EHE为低-中度恶性肿瘤,术前影像学无特异性,诊断困难,主要依靠术后病理结果诊断。治疗首选边界切除,辅以化疗或放疗,可降低局部复发率和远处转移。     

肺上皮样血管内皮瘤的临床病理观察

目的探讨肺上皮样血管内皮瘤(pulmonaryepithelioidhemangioendothelioma,PEH)的临床病理特征、诊断及鉴别诊断。方法对3例PEH进行光镜观察和免疫组化标记,并结合文献进行分析。结果镜下见肿瘤细胞具有上皮样或组织细胞样形态,瘤细胞为圆形或多角形,呈小巢状、索状甚至腺样结构或不规则状,分布于黏液间质中;间质可见少量黏液样变或玻璃样变;瘤细胞内含有原始血管腔,核分裂象、多形性及坏死少见。肿瘤细胞表达CD34、FⅧRAg、CD31等血管内皮细胞标记,部分病例同时表达CK和(或)Vim。结论PEH是一种低度恶性肿瘤,其病理形态具有一定的特征性,诊断时需要与肺转移癌、肺上皮样血管肉瘤、肺淋巴管肌瘤病鉴别。     

多部位发生的上皮样血管内皮瘤2例报道及文献复习

目的 探讨多部位发生的上皮样血管内皮瘤(EHE)的临床病理学特征.方法 回顾性复习2例多部位发生的血管内皮瘤的临床资料、组织学形态和免疫学表型,并复习文献.结果 2例均为女性,年龄分别为24和37岁,CT示双肺及肝弥漫结节影.病理学检查发现肝和肺结节的镜下形态相同,即在黏液样的间质背景中可见条索样、小巢状或单个散在分布的上皮样瘤细胞,瘤细胞有明显异型性,伴胞质内管腔形成,腔内偶见红细胞.免疫组织化学染色显示:瘤细胞表达内皮标记(CD34、CD31和F8),不表达CK、CD68、ER、PR.结论 上皮样血管内皮瘤是一种少见的低度恶性血管肿瘤,多部位同时发生者容易被误诊.上皮样血管内皮瘤的临床表现和生物学行为因其发生部位不同而有较大的差异.     

Cytopathologic features of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma

We present the cytological features of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EH), which is considered to be a vascular proliferation of intermediate malignant potential. The case report concerns a 52-yr-old previously healthy man discovered to have multiple hepatic masses upon evaluation for abnormal liver function tests. Fine-needle aspiration demonstrated a neoplasm composed of interanastomosing epithelioid cells that contained intracytoplasmic lumens. Histologic sections, immunohistochemistry, and ultrastructural evaluation were confirmatory. Although hepatic EH is a rare tumor, its characteristic cytological, histological, and ultrastructural features permit a straightforward diagnosis. It is important to distinguish this entity from adenocarcinoma and angiosarcoma because long-term disease-free survival is possible, especially in the setting of orthotopic liver transplantation. Diagn. Cytopathol. 17:50–53, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.