大鼠矽肺支气管肺泡灌洗液和肺组织磷脂谱的研究

本文报告了大鼠矽肺支气管肺泡灌洗液和肺组织磷脂谱间变化的关系。实验分为正常对照组和石英组，在染尘后１５、４５、９０、１８０和２７０天分批剖检，测定其灌洗液和肺组织中总磷脂、ＤＰＰＣ、ＰＧ、ＰＥ含量。结果表明在实验期间石英组灌洗液和肺组织中总磷脂、ＤＰＰＣ、ＰＧ和ＰＥ含量呈升高趋势，且早期变化明显，但二者并不是呈简单的对应关系。推测影响灌洗液和肺组织磷脂谱含量和比值变化的因素有所不同。     

大鼠矽肺气管肺泡灌洗液和肺组织磷脂谱的研究

本文报告了大姒矽肺支气管肺泡灌洗洗液和肺组织磷脂谱间变化的关系。实验分为正常对照组和石英组，在染尘后１５、４５、９０、１８０和２７０天分比剖检，测定其灌洗液和肺组织中总磷脂、ＤＰＰＣ、ＰＧ、ＰＥ含量。结果表明在实验期间石英组灌洗液和肺组织中总磷脂、ＤＰＰＣ、ＰＧ和ＰＥ含量升高趋势，且早期变化明显，但二者并不是呈简单的对应关系。     

早期矽肺BAL液中肺表面活性蛋白A和磷脂含量研究

目的 为探讨早期矽肺BAL液中表面活性物含量改变及其意义。方法 对矽肺0＋期组13人和Ⅰ期5人,以及健康农民对照7人,进行经纤支镜支气管肺泡灌洗收集BAL液,测定表面活性蛋白（SP－A）和磷脂（PL）及其组分含量。结果 矽肺0＋期组和Ⅰ期组SP－A和磷脂及组分含量与对照组比较,差异无显性意义,矽肺Ⅰ期组PG／PI低于对照组,矽肺0＋期组SP－A／PL高于对照组,差别有显性意义（P＜0．05）。结论 本研究表明,BAL从中SP－A／PL升高,PG／PI降低是矽肺的早期效应指标。     

大容量肺灌洗治疗矽肺的实验研究

模拟临床灌洗方法对染尘家兔进行大容量肺灌洗，并观察灌洗前后肺泡液中细胞及生化成分变化，为灌洗术的应用性评价提供科学依据。结果显示：灌洗后染尘动物肺泡液中除总磷脂，二棕榈酰卵磷脂（ＤＰＰＣ）外，细胞总数、蛋白质含量、乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）、碱性磷酸酶（ＡＫＰ）活性均明显低于同期染尘未灌洗组，差异有显著性，此外还可洗出一定量的ＳｉＯ２粉尘，首次灌洗较第二次灌洗为多。提示：灌洗对矽肺发生发展有一定延缓作用，早期灌洗效果较好。     

矽宁、汉防己甲素及磷酸羟基喹哌对实验性矽肺疗效的比较

对矽宁、汉防己甲素(汉甲)和磷酸羟基喹哌在等毒条件下进行了大鼠实验性矽肺的疗效研究,结果表明,治疗3个月后全肺湿、干重及肺胶原蛋白含量明显低于矽肺对照组,差别显著,但治疗组之间无明显差异;病理形态显示矽宁和汉甲组对矽肺纤维化有更明显的抑制作用,病灶间和肺泡腔内具有大量泡沫样细胞浸润。治疗组的肺巨噬细胞内均有细小的棕褐色颗粒。矽宁治疗组血清中SOD和铜蓝蛋白的含量明显低于其它治疗组。     

肺泡Ⅱ型细胞受损在实验性大鼠矽肺中的意义探讨

动态观察了肺泡Ⅱ型细胞在实验性大鼠矽肺中的变化,分析了支气管肺泡冲洗液中总磷脂的含量。结果表明,肺泡Ⅱ型细胞在染尘后7—60天均有破坏现象,同时,支气管肺泡冲洗液中总磷脂含量升高。作者认为,在矽肺发生发展过程中,不仅肺泡Ⅰ型细胞受损,Ⅱ型细胞同样可以受损,后者受损可以加速肺纤维化的发生发展。     

支气管肺泡灌洗术排尘治疗矽肺的实验研究

通过观察染尘后不同时间矽肺大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）中ＳｉＯ２含量、细胞总数、ＬＤＨ活性．蛋白和脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）含量，结合矽肺病理变化情况，对支气管肺泡灌洗术（ＢＡＬ）治疗矽肺的可能性及有关机制进行初步探讨。实验结果表明：当染尘后不同时期ＢＡＬＦ中细胞总数、ＬＤＨ活性、总蛋白及ＬＰＯ含量均高于相应对照组，且差别有显著或非常显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１）。随着染尘时间延长，ＢＡＬＦ中ＬＤＨ含量、细胞总数、ＬＤＨ活性和总蛋白含量呈下降趋势，而矽肺病变则逐渐加剧。提示：ＢＡＬ可以通过排出肺内部分粉尘、细胞和非细胞成份，对减少肺内纤维化机会，延缓矽肺病变的发生发展将有积极作用。且以早期或急性矽肺施行ＢＡＬ为宜。     

矽宁对AM的结合及介质释放的影响

矽宁对ＡＭ的结合及介质释放的影响辛文芬，Ｍａ．Ｋ．Ｈ．矽宁是梯洛龙的衍生物，它对实验性矽肺有明显疗效［１］．许多研究表明，肺泡巨噬细胞（ＡＭ）受到刺激后可释放多种活性物质如白细胞介素－１（ＩＬ－１）、Ｏ－．２等而引起组织纤维增生和胶原合成。本文研究矽...     

低剂量石英对大鼠肺泡灌洗液的早期影响

用支气管肺泡灌洗法研究低剂量石英对大鼠肺脏的影响。大鼠分别注尘2、10mg观察1、7、21天。结果表明低剂量石英可使灌洗液中细胞总数、有核细胞/红细胞比值、肺泡巨噬细胞显著增高,特别是泡沫型肺泡巨噬细胞随时间延长而明显增高。染尘动物灌洗液中蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶呈一过性升高,酸性磷酸酶在2mg石英组呈一过性升高,但在10mg石英组却持续上升。实验结果表明,肺泡巨噬细胞及其溶酶体膜的破坏在矽肺发生早期可能起一定的作用。     

肺癌患者血清与支气管肺泡灌洗液四项放免肿瘤指标同步检测的结果分析

对３８例肺癌患者的血清和支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）同步进行ＣＥＡ、ＣＡ－５０、ＡＦＰ、ＳＦ的检测。结果显示：肺癌ＢＡＬＦ的ＣＥＡ浓度测值７３％明显高于血清中ＣＥＡ浓度;ＣＡ－５０浓度测值６８％高于血清;ＳＦ９２％明显低于血清中测值;而ＡＦＰ在肺癌患者无论血清及灌洗液中,阳性率均低于７％,但仍是ＢＡＬＦ的浓度测值敏感于血清。提示支气管肺泡灌洗液的ＣＥＡ、ＣＡ－５０与血清的同步检测是目前肺癌早期诊断的主要优选方法之一。     

维生素E对大鼠矽肺支气管肺灌洗液中几种磷脂含量的影响

本文报告了维生素E对大鼠矽肺支气管肺泡灌洗液中几种磷脂含量的影响。实验分为正常对照,石英及维生素E治疗组,疗程270天。结果表明,维生素E组肺灌洗液中总磷脂、二棕榈酰卵磷脂(DPPC)、磷脂酰甘油三酯(PG)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)含量早期高于同期对照组,但又都低于同期石英组。维生素E组全肺胶原蛋白含量高于对照组,但均低于同期石英组。提示维生素E在抗脂质过氧化、保护生物膜及抑制胶原合成上起着一定的作用。     

维生素E对实验性大鼠矽肺组织中几种磷脂含量的影响

本文报告了维生素E对大鼠矽肺组织中几种磷脂含量的影响。实验分为正常对照组、矽肺组及维生素E治疗组,疗程270天。结果表明治疗组肺组织总磷脂、二棕榈酰卵磷脂(简称DPPC)磷脂酰甘油三脂(简称PG)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(简称PE)含量均高于同期对照组,且早期增高明显,但又都低于同期矽肺组,治疗组脂质过氧化物也都高于对照组,但均低于同期矽肺组。本文还对实验结果做了讨论。     

矽宁治疗实验性矽肺的剂量-效应关系研究

观察了不同剂量组的矽宁(2.5、5、10、20mg/kg)对大鼠实验性矽肺的疗效关系,疗程1个月。实验结果表明,各治疗组的全肺干重及胶原蛋白含量均明显低于矽肺对照组(P<0.01),表明该药具有明显抑制矽肺病变进展的作用。各治疗组随着矽宁给药剂量的增加,其全肺胶原蛋白含量相应降低,呈明显的负相关(r=-0.99)。矽宁经口半数致死量为1960mg/kg,经口半数有效量为2.4mg/kg,治疗指数为816。     

柠檬酸铝对矽肺大鼠肺冲洗液中脂质含量的影响

本文报告了柠檬酸铝对矽肺大鼠肺冲洗液中脂质含量的影响。实验分为正常对照、矽肺及柠铝治疗组,疗程180天。实验结果表明,柠铝治疗组大鼠肺冲洗液中脂质含量明显低于矽肺组。本文还对实验结果做了讨论阐述。     

石英对肺脂质的影响和磷酸喹派的保护作用

大鼠气管注入４０ｍｇ石英粉尘１２０天，大鼠肺组织总脂和类脂升高，磷脂是对照组的３．３倍；肺灌洗上清液总脂和磷脂也明显高于对照组；电镜下肺Ⅱ型细胞增生和活化，板层体数量增多、体积变大，过量肺表面活性物质堆积在肺泡腔。磷喹组大鼠的总脂和磷脂均低于染尘组，又高于对照组，肺Ⅱ型细胞有轻度改变。结果提示石英能激活肺表面活性物质系统，磷酸喹派可以保护该系统，改善大鼠肺脂的肺脂质代谢。     

Lung lipids and pulmonary silicosis in rats

Summary In the development of pulmonary silicosis in rats studies on changes in the total, esterified, free cholesterol and phospholipids were made in lungs, liver and blood plasma over a period of 200 days. Total cholesterol, its fractions and phospholipid content increased with time in the lungs of silicotic animals. Histochemically sudanophilic materials were observed in the cytoplasm of pulmonary macrophages. Changes similar to those of lungs were not observed in liver and blood plasma, and it has been concluded that the increased lipid content of lungs during experimental pulmonary silicosis may be due to the localised degenerative action of silica on macrophages.     

Studies on the contents of glycosaminoglycans from lungs of silicotic rats and tetrandrine-treated silicotic rats

In this report the differences in the total content of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and in the relative contents of individual GAG among normal rat lung, silicotic rat lung, and tetrandrine (TT)-treated silicotic rat lung were studied. The differences were also observed with the histochemical method. In normal rat lung the content of GAG was 6.35 mg/g dry tissue. The percentage of heparin sulfate (HeS) was higher than the others. The content of GAG in silicotic rat lung was raised much more than that of the normal rat. percentages of hyaluronic acid (HyA) and dermatan sulfate (DeS) were higher. Percentage of HeS was lower than that of the normal rat. In silicotic lung GAG existed around the collagen fibers and were netlike in shape. After treatment with TT, most of the GAG were seen to be present within the cells. It was proved that TT could inhibit the increase in the content of GAG in silicotic rat lung and could also obstruct the change in the relative contents of individual GAG.     

The significance of plasma lysophospholipids in patients with renal failure on hemodialysis

Abnormal phospholipid metabolism may play an important role in the progression of atherosclerosis in renal failure. We analyzed plasma phospholipid and lysophospholipid contents and fatty acid composition in the phospholipids of 18 patients with renal failure on hemodialysis (HD) and compared the levels with those of healthy controls. HD patients had a notably higher molar ratio of the plasma lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC)/phosphatidylcholine (PC) distributed from 0.072 to 0.207, and the control group showed a ratio lower than 0.150. Plasma phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) concentration significantly increased in HD patients compared with control subjects. A much higher level of plasma lysophosphatidic acid (lysoPA) (1.41 +/- 0.16 nmol/mL) was observed in HD patients compared with controls (0.54 +/- 0.08 nmol/mL). A strong correlation was found between plasma lysoPA and lysoPC concentrations (r = 0.609, p < 0.01) in HD patients. Serum inorganic phosphate (P) concentration was associated with the abnormal plasma lysoPC/PC, PE, and lysoPA levels in HD patients. Important decreases in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) of plasma PC and of dietary intake were observed in HD patients. Plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentration was negatively correlated with the amount of vitamin E intake in both subjects. These findings demonstrated the specific characteristics of the abnormal phospholipid metabolism in HD patients. The cause and consequences of elevated lysoPC/PC molar ratio and lysoPA in the plasma of HD patients remain to be established.