卫生信息标准管理系统设计与应用

为了有效实现卫生信息标准应用的全生命周期质量控制和追踪管理,使卫生信息标准在卫生信息化建设中真正发挥实效,通过介绍江苏省卫生信息标准管理系统的设计与应用方法,包括在系统中管理的卫生信息标准内容,如何实现对卫生信息标准进行动态管理,以及如何促进区域健康信息平台、医院等各卫生业务系统贯彻国家及省标准,为实现互联互通和信息共享打下基础。     

全国区域人口健康信息互联互通标准化调查研究

区域人口健康信息标准是区域人口健康信息化建设的重要支撑,本文基于2555份全国省市县人口健康信息互联互通建设情况问卷调查结果,针对区域人口健康信息互联互通建设中数据类和技术类标准的关键指标进行研究,对"十二五"期间全国区域人口健康信息互联互通标准建设现状进行了综合分析,并提出问题,提出相关建议。     

贵州省卫生信息标准协同管理平台设计初探

贵州省结合省统筹全民健康信息平台和健康医疗大数据中心建设,探索构建以信息标准为主的基础信息资源管理,构建区域卫生信息标准协同管理平台.从需求分析、建设目标、框架设计、功能模块、应用效果等多角度展开分析,阐述了实现基于省级全民健康信息平台的数据共享交换,实现对异构系统间的基础资源目录及基础标准进行整合,避免重复建设、重复...     

基于项目范围管理的区域医疗信息互联互通建设研究

目的 基于项目范围管理理论,结合福建省厦门市区域医疗信息互联互通项目实际情况,研究控制项目范围的方法.方法 将系统工程方法与项目范围管理过程相结合,应用项目范围管理的理论、方法和工具,建立项目范围管理过程模型.结果 在模型指导下,顺利通过了国家第一个地市级别五级乙等的区域医疗信息互联互通建设项目.结论 研究表明,在区域...     

基于HRP系统实现高值耗材全流程闭环追溯管理

目的 建立信息共享、互联互通、统一高效的闭环管理方案,优化高值耗材追溯管理。方法 基于医院资源计划系统(HRP),制定介入中心高值耗材的全流程闭环管理方案。结果 HRP系统下,高值耗材得到全流程闭环管理,追溯准确且迅速,各部门信息互通、共享,收支数据明确,并为医院成本核算及控制提供数据支持。结论 基于HRP系统的全流程闭环追溯管理实现了高效、动态的高值耗材监管。     

基于区域卫生信息平台的血液管理信息系统的设计与应用

目的 :设计一种基于区域卫生信息平台的血液管理信息系统。方法 :基于南京市卫生信息平台和南京市政务云数据中心构建系统整体框架,采用J2EE技术标准和Docker技术、基于SpringBoot+Mybatis框架、使用Java语言、应用浏览器/服务器(Browser/Server,B/S)3层架构设计包含市级血液信息业务协同和医院输血科管理2个模块的血液管理信息系统。结果:该系统为血液中心、用血医疗机构、南京市卫生健康委员会、上级血液中心及其他业务部门提供了安全、可控、统一的血液信息数据交换、血液信息查询及管理服务,实现了区域内血液管理业务的协同及血液信息的互联互通。结论:该系统具有高效、管理规范、共享程度高等优点,可为各级区域血液管理信息系统的建设提供模式参考和应用示范。     

重庆市卫生计生委等7个试点单位首批通过区域(医院)信息互联互通标准化成熟度等级测评

<正>2014年4月10日,卫生部统计信息中心在四川省成都市召开"加强卫生信息标准应用与管理现场工作会",9个省(直辖市)卫生计生委领导或信息中心主任、18家大型综合医院信息化分管领导及有关专家参加了会议。会议介绍了国家卫生信息标准工作进展和推进信息标准应用管理有关工作部署,讲解了区域及医院信息互联互通标准化成熟度测评方案、测试规范及管理办法,演示了跨机构、跨地域电子病历/电子健康档案互联互通平台及应用。通     

居民健康档案信息化管理系统的设计与实现

目的为提高社区卫生服务中心对居民健康档案信息的管理水平,满足不同用户对健康档案的不同需求,动态监测居民健康信息,实现与其他信息管理系统的互联互通、资源共享。方法 NET平台三层B/S结构。结果开发了居民健康档案信息化管理系统。结论该系统实现了对居民健康状况的动态管理,并可以与其他按国家卫生信息标准开发的信息管理系统实现互联互通。     

信息化和大数据应用助推示范区建设精准发力——浙江省宁波市鄞州区慢性病综合防控示范区建设经验

正国家慢性病综合防控示范区管理办法将"完善区域信息平台,实现医疗卫生机构间互联互通、信息共享"和"慢性病监测数据互联互通"纳入考核指标体系[1]。自2011年以来,宁波市积极开展慢性病综合防控示范区的创建活动,目前实现所辖10个县(市、区)国家级慢性病综合防控示范区覆盖率80%,浙江省慢性病综合防控示范区全覆盖。宁波市依托"智慧健康"建设,围绕"一次采集,多方利用"的原则,实现了基于区域卫生信息平台的浙江省首家地市级慢性病智能平台直报,积     

基于公共服务信息平台的条线业务系统架构设计

传统条线业务系统由于在系统架构和信息共享机制上存在设计缺陷和不足,易形成"信息烟囱",不能适应新医改提出的建立实用共享的医药卫生信息系统、实现互联互通和区域业务协同的发展要求。本文通过分析条线业务体系的内在特点和传统认识下的系统设计方案及存在的问题,结合对基于健康档案的公共服务信息平台技术架构剖析,论述了如何依托公共服务信息平台提供的基础支撑功能建立纵横贯通、资源共享的新一代条线业务系统的总体设计思路。     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.