绝经早期妇女激素替代疗法对牙周病的影响

目的探讨绝经早期妇女,应用激素替代疗法,对牙周病的影响,为口腔牙周病的治疗和预防牙齿脱落提供参考依据。方法将2005年1月至2007年6月绝经早期妇女因口腔疾病就诊的患者150例,与妇科联合诊治随机分为两组,A组为应用激素替代治疗组,B组为观察组。结果 A组牙周炎治疗效果明显优于B组,牙齿脱落少于B组,且未发现有激素引起的子宫内膜、乳腺病变。结论对于绝经期妇女应用激素替代治疗不仅对妇女的心血管疾病具有预防作用,缓解更年期症状,同时对合并口腔病具有协同治疗作用,从而提高妇女生活质量。     

绝经后激素治疗与卵巢癌发生的危险性

英国百万妇女研究协作组于2007年4月19日在Lancet杂志网络版发表题为"百万妇女研究中的卵巢癌和激素治疗"的文章(Million Women Study Collaborators.2007),指出绝经后激素治疗(Hormone Therapy,HT)增加卵巢癌发生的危险性,再次引发人们对HT与卵巢癌关系的关注。     

美妇产学院推荐几种治疗绝经综合征的草药

美国妇产学院(American College of Obstetri-cians and Gynecologists,ACOG)于2001年6月出版了《临床治疗指南》(《Clinical Management Guide-lines》)一书。该书指出,“由于对有明显副作用的激素替代疗法(HRT)的担心,只有不足1/3绝经综合征患者采用此法治疗,其中30％～40％的患者在治疗的第1年因子宫出血而中止。乳腺癌危险的增加也使妇女远离了 HRT”。该书引证的北美绝经学会的一项调查显示,30％以上的妇女用草药补充剂、针     

激素替代治疗对绝经后高血压患者凝血纤溶系统的影响

目的 分析激素替代治疗对绝经后高血压患者的凝血纤溶系统的影响。方法 绝经后高血压患者50例为观察组,未绝经高血压患者50例为对照组,两组患者皆给予降压药治疗,其血压控制情况良好。在对观察组进行激素替代疗法之前分别检测两组的纤维蛋白原水平,然后给予观察组雌激素与孕激素替代疗法,3个月后分别检测两组的凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血激酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、抗凝血酶Ⅲ(ATⅢ)。观察比较使用激素替代治疗前后观察组凝血指标变化以及激素替代治疗后两组妇女的凝血指标的差异。结果 在使用激素替代疗法之前绝经妇女的凝血指标,特别是纤维蛋白原明显高于未绝经妇女,在使用激素替代疗法之后,观察组的凝血指标比治疗前显著下降,与对照组相比,差异具有统计学意义(t=0.8915,P=0.03629<0.05)。结论 激素替代疗法可以使绝经妇女的凝血指标FIB较之前下降,减少绝经后妇女患心肺血管疾病的危险。     

雌激素补充治疗对绝经妇女血脂的影响

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病）为绝经后妇女重要死因之一,研究证实低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的增加、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的降低、脂蛋白升高、载脂蛋白A-1（apoA-1）和载脂蛋白A-2（apoA-2）降低,载脂蛋白B（apoB）增高是冠心病及血栓性疾病的独立危险因素.本研究通过观察激素补充治疗/雌激素补充治疗（HRT/ERT）对绝经妇女血脂系列的影响,探讨雌激素与冠心病的相关性.     

雷诺昔酚与绝经后骨质疏松

绝经后骨质疏松症 (原发性Ⅰ型骨质疏松症 )是因为绝经后卵巢激素分泌不足、骨质丢失速度加快而引起的骨质疏松。本症多发生于绝经后 3～ 5年[1 ] 。预防及治疗主要采用激素补充治疗。然而 ,在补充雌激素的同时 ,也带来了一些不可避免的副作用如 :体重增加、不规则阴道出血、长期应用可能增加乳腺癌和子宫内膜癌的危险性等 ,美国约 40 %～ 5 0 %绝经后妇女拒绝接受或终止激素补充治疗[2 ,3] 。雷诺昔酚 (ｒａｌｏｘｉｆｅｎｅ ,ＲＡＬ)是近年来应用于临床的选择性雌激素受体调节剂 ,主要用于预防和治疗绝经后的骨质疏松 ,其在骨和脂代谢中有…     

名刊

为了评价激素替代疗法（HRT）的长期风险和益处，研究者进行了WISDOM研究，比较了激素联合治疗与安慰剂，以及单独雌激素治疗与激素联合治疗的疗效及风险。研究对象为50-69岁的绝经后妇女。     

雌激素替代治疗绝经后骨质疏松疗效观察

目的探讨激素替代治疗骨质疏松症的有效性和安全性。方法对绝经期骨质疏松患者66例进行为期1年的临床研究，其中33例使用尼尔雌醇及钙剂为研究组，33例使用钙剂为对照组，观察两组患者性激素水平、血尿生化指标及骨密度的情况。结果激素替代组治疗后骨密度比治疗前明显升高，雌孕激素合用不增加子宫内膜癌的危险性。结论绝经后妇女使用雌激素替代可治疗骨质疏松，服用安全、方便。     

辩证应用中草药治疗女性绝经综合征

<正>妇女绝经综合征是指妇女绝经(一般在45⁵5岁)前后出现性激素波动或减少所致的一系列躯体及精神心理症状。由于卵巢功能的逐渐衰退,导致雌激素主要是雌二醇分泌低下,脑垂体分泌卵泡刺激素的功能发生紊乱,导致卵巢功能失调所表现的精神神经症状及自主神经失调症状,血管舒缩功能紊乱症状,泌尿生殖系统功能紊乱症状,早期骨质疏松症状,阿尔茨海默病,心血管病变等综合征,属于中医"脏躁""郁证"范畴。对该病的治疗,西医习惯用HRT(激素替代疗法)。而中医辨证     

激素替代治疗对绝经后妇女心血管危险因素的影响

目的 探讨不同的激素替代治疗（ＨＲＴ）方案对绝经后妇女心血管危险因素的影响。方法 ９１例绝经后妇女分为：（１）结合雌激素（ＣＥ）Ａ组,（２）ＣＥ Ｂ组;（３）７－甲基异炔诺酮 Ａ组;（４）Ｏｒｇ ＯＤ１４ Ｂ组;（５）炔雌醇（ＥＥ）Ａ组;（６）ＥＥ Ｂ组。     

Degraded and undegraded carrageenans and experimental gastric and duodenal ulceration

The prevention of histamine-induced gastric and duodenal ulceration in the guinea-pig has been examined using a series of undegraded and degraded carrageenans. Undegraded carrageenans were active at lower doses than degraded carrageenans. The high viscosity of the undegraded carrageenans in solution prevented their use in larger doses. Degradation of carrageenan without serious loss of sulphate, gives a product which allows the dose to be increased to an extent that its effect more than offsets the slight loss in activity caused by the degradation. No single feature of carrageenan structure can be related to anti-ulcer activity although degradation, and hence reduction of molecular size, generally reduces activity. Sulphate contents over 30% have little apparent effect on activity; κ-carrageenans were not consistently different in anti-ulcer activity from Λ-carrageenans. This contrasts with the antipeptic activity of carrageenans where κ-carrageenans are less active than their Λ-counter-parts. As with antipeptic activity, the degree of anti-ulcer activity is probably determined by a combination of structural features which includes molecular size and polyanionic properties.     

Affective and Anxiety Disorders and Alcohol and Drug Dependence:

Depression and anxiety frequently coexist in patients with substance use disorders. This clinically-oriented article examiens the relationship between these conditions and emphasizes data showing that substances of abuse can cause signs and symptoms of both depression and anxiety. These substance-related syndromes appear to have a different course and prognosis than uncomplicated, independent anxiety and major depressive disorders, and clinicians should consider the role of alcohol and other drugs in all patients presenting with these complaints. The authors will also outline an approach for diagnosing and managing patients with the combination of a substance use and depressive or anxiety disorder.     

Alcohol and Substance Use and Abuse in Women and Children

No abstract available for this article.     

Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors and Advances in nucleosides and nucleotides.

The American Chemical Society Symposium "Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors" took place on 1 April 1998 and was organized by Professors Zbigniew J Witczak (UConn, School of Pharmacy, CT, USA), Kuniaki Tatsuta (Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan) and Waldemar Priebe, MD (Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, USA). Professor Witczak provided introductory remarks including the status of existing glucosidase inhibitors, and chaired the morning session, which consisted of six lectures. The symposium was well received, and was particularly attractive for those interested in networking, as attendance was about sixty. In addition, some participants and attendees presented posters on the subject during the regular poster session organized by the Division of Carbohydrate Chemistry.