Dermaprotecting properties of sodium succinate under conditions of impaired circulation

Sodium succinate improves the survival of a skin graft in mice, rats, and dogs normalizes histamine and serotonin concentrations in the epidermis and blood, exhibits antitoxic activity, improves microcirculation in the skin, brain, heart, kidneys, and testes without any appreciable effect on systemic arterial pressure, cardiac function, and liver blood flow in rats. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 10, pp. 420–424, October, 1998     

Effect of sodium succinate on histomorphological changes of autodermic grafts in rats

Sodium succinate was found to increase the viability of epithelial cells in autodermic transplants. It stimulated the proliferation of epidermal cells of the basal layer, enhanced the activity of succinate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and adenosine triphosphatase, intensified the formation of keratin, and activated the ingrowth of blood vessels through the generation of functioning endothelial cells. Translated fromByulleten' Experimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 11, pp. 555–560, November, 1998     

Evaluation of microsomal and mitochondrial oxidation in rat liver in tetracycline-induced hepatosis

A satistically significant decrease in the content of cytochromes P-450 and b₅ and in the activity of aniline hydroxylase and p-nitroanisole demethylase occurs in rat liver microsomes during the development of experimental acute fatty hepatosis develoing within a 24-h period after intraperitoneal administration of 125 mg/kg tetracycline hydrochloride. Under these experimental conditions tetracycline hydrochloride elicits only an insignificant disintegrating effect on oxidative phosphorylation in liver mitochondria. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 12, pp. 612–615, December, 1994     

Ammonium succinate is an effective corrector of cerebral circulatory hypoxia

It is demonstrated that ammonium succinate is capable of increasing the survival of rats with acute brain ischemia. In transient brain ischemia therapeutic injection of ammonium succinate prevents the development of postischemic hypoperfusion and hypooxygenation of the brain. The antiischemic effect of ammonium succinate is due to a decrease of the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin and to limitation of the accumulation of malonic dialdehyde, a secondary product of lipid peroxidation, in the brain. No vasotropic activity of ammonium succinate is revealed. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 9, pp. 276–278, September, 1994 Presented by E. D. Gol'dberg, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of pollack liver oil in rat testes

Rat testes are studied 1, 3, 6, and 12 month after addition of pollack liver oil (0.1 g/kg body weight) to daily ration. A 3-month feeding of the fish-oil-enriched diet leads to degenerative changes of spermatozoa and spermatids in 8–12% convoluted tubules. Continuation of the treatment to 6–12 months induces damage to spermatocytes and spermatogonia in 30–60% tubules. The observed changes can be attributed to consumption of high doses of retinol, a constituent of pollack liver oil. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 3, pp. 340–343, March, 1997     

Changes in Kupffer cells after reversible ischemia in rat liver

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol.116, N ^o 11, pp. 548–550, November, 1993     

Hydroxylation of xenobiotics and steroids in the endoplasmic reticulum of the rat liver

A polarographic method is suggested and can be recommended as a simple device for measuring the rates of oxidation of steroid hormones and xenobiotics. The rate of hydroxylation of steroids depends, it is suggested, on the polarity of the molecule of the oxidation substrate.Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, Medico-Biological Faculty, and Central Research Laboratory, N. I. Pirogov Second Moscow Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. A. Pokrovskii.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 81, No. 3, pp. 299–301, March, 1976.     

Effect of atriopeptides on proliferative processes in albino rat myocardium at the early stage of postnatal ontogenesis

The effect of atriopeptide AP-II and its 6-amino-acid acyclic fragment (7–12) AP-H-6-OH on proliferative processes in the myocardium of 5-day-old albino rats is examined 24 h after a single administration (200 nmol/kg intraperitoneally) by autoradiography with³H-thymidine and by analysis of mitotic regime. A significant decrease in the amount of DNA-synthesizing cells in the right atrium, right ventricle, and interventricular septum is recorded after administration of AP-II. Changes in DNA synthesis are attended by significant changes in the amount of cells in different phases of mitosis, indicating a decrease in the number of mitotic cells and a metaphasal delay. Administration of AP-H-6-OH causes no significant changes in DNA synthesis in the myocardium at the early stage of postnatal ontogenesis. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 9, pp. 321–324, September, 1996     

Effect of pollak liver oil on morphology and function of rat testes

Rat testes are studied 1 month after addition of physiological and excessive doses of pollak liver oil to diet. High doses of pollak liver oil cause degenerative changes in the spermato-genous epithelium, primarily in high differentiated cells (spermatozoa, spermatids, and spermatocytes I). In a dose of 1 g/kg pollak liver oil causes damage to connective tissue of convoluted tubules, which results in aspermia and sterility. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 6, pp. 699–701, June, 1998     

Changes of the total water content and magnetic relaxation characteristics of the liver and small intestine in vagotomy

Bilateral subdiaphragmatic truncal vagotomy in rats results in a disturbance of water metabolism in the liver and small intestine which manifests itself in an increase of the total water content, prolongation of the spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation, and in a distortion of the correlation between them. The dynamics of water metabolism is of a onepeak nature in the liver with a maximum after 7 days, whereas in the small intestine it is of a dual-peak type with peaks at 7 and 30 days. Near-normalization of the water balance in the digestive organs occurs 220 days later. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 10, pp. 442–444, October, 1995 Presented by P. V. Sergeev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Dysfunction and correction of microsomal enzyme oxidation, glucuronidation and glutathione conjugation of xenobiotics in the liver of deoxycholate-intoxicated rats

Intoxication with deoxycholic acid is accompanied by destruction of hepatocyte plasma membrane (increased serum alanine aminotransferase activity) and inhibition of monooxygenase, glucuronidase and glutathione systems of rat liver. Heptral and cordiamine (mitethamide) had no effect on membrane integrity, while α-tocopherol and ursofalk (ursodeoxycholic acid) protected membranes. Ursofalk and cordiamine are superior a α-tocopherol and heptral by their ability to activity of monooxygenase, glucuronidase, and glutathione conjugating systems in the liver. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 1, pp. 56–60, January 2000     

A method for monitoring toxic damage to the liver,based on measurement of total water and its magnetic relaxation characteristics

Acute poisoning of rats with the hepatotropic poison tetrachloromethane was accompanied by increases in the liver content of total water and its spin-lattice (T ₁) and spin-spin (T ₂) relaxation times and by a decrease in theT ₁/T ₂ ratio, with reversal of the correlation betweenT ₁ andT ₂. The antihypoxic agent sodium γ-oxybutyrate normalized water metabolism in the liver almost completely. It is concluded that total water content andT ₁ are the more informative parameters for monitoring both toxic liver damage and the efficacy of its pharmacological correction. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 12, pp. 584–586, December, 1995 Presented by Yu. A. Vladimirov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Metabolism of nitrazepam in the intestine of albino rats

In the rat intestine nitrazepam is transformed to an amine and acetamide. In the duodenum and small intestine the reduction of nitrazepam and its subsequent acetylation are catalyzed by enzymes in the mucosa. In the cecum and large intestine these processes are due to the action of the microflora and tissue enzymes, and in the rectum to the action of the microflora alone.Laboratory of Psychotropic Preparations, I. I. Mechnikov Odessa University. Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 7, pp. 53–56, July, 1977.     

Correction of dysfunction of enzyme systems of microsomal oxidation, glucuronidation, and glutathione conjugation of xenobiotics in the liver of rats with deoxycholate intoxication

Intoxication with deoxycholic acid disturbed the integrity of hepatocyte plasma membranes (elevation of alanine transaminase activity in the plasma) and inhibited the monooxygenase, glucuronosyltransferase, and glutathione S-transferase systems in rat liver. Heptral and cordiaminum did not affect the integrity of plasma membranes, while α-tocopherol and, especially, ursofalk produced membrane-protective effects. Ursofalk and, especially, cordiaminum are far superior to α-tocopherol and heptral in their ability to normalize functions of the monooxygenase, glucuronosyltransferase, and glutathione S-transferase systems in rat liver. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 3, pp. 297–301, March, 2000     

Effect of the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on oxidation-phosphorylation coupling and the state of the mitochondrial adenosine system in the liver of albino rats

Incubation of the specific catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole with liver mitochondria and administration of this drug to intact rats are shown to uncouple oxidation and phosphorylation and to inhibit adenosine nucleotide synthesis in the animal liver. These disturbances apparently results from catalase inhibition. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, No. 6, pp. 638–640, June, 1996     

Changes in rat liver mitochondria after bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy

Changes in the liver mitochondria of rats after bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy were studied. Two stages were distinguished in the dynamics of the response of the mitochondrial system to denervation. During the first stage (0.5–3 days after vagotomy) reversible functional disturbances due to postoperative stress took place in the mitochondria. The second stage (7–60 days after denervation) is characterized by more marked structural and functional changes with some common features with those observed in hypoxia and resulting from vagotomy itself.Department of Histology, Therapeutic Faculty, N. I. Pirogov Second Moscow Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR S. S. Debov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 4, pp. 420–422, April, 1977.     

Activity of nerve growth factor in rat regenerating liver

Two bioassays of specific activity in the presence and absence of specific antiserum, incubation with pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells, proteolytic digestion, and ultrafiltration demonstrate that nerve growth factor isolated from the liver exhibits the basic characteristics of classic mouse nerve growth factor. High activity of this factor is observed in the operated lobe during the first day (3–20 hours) and on days 3–10 of regeneration, i.e., before and after the phase of hepatocyte proliferation. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 3, pp. 345–347, March, 1996 Presented by I. B. Zbarskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Modifying effect of hypokinezia on reparative regeneration in the liver

Restriction of motor activity in partially hepatectomized animals causes regressive changes in the remaining part of the liver and complementary hypertrophy due to ablation of the largest part of the liver. The extent of reparative regeneration of the liver under these conditions is determined by modifying influence of hypokinesia. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 2, pp. 146–148, February, 1998