四川省中小城市牙本质敏感流行病学调查研究

目的：通过横断面研究了解四川省中小城市成年人群牙本质敏感的流行状况及相关危险因素。方法：2009年11～12月采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,对四川省中小城市的533名20～69岁年龄段人群进行牙本质敏感状况问卷调查和口腔检查,同时对牙本质敏感相关危险因素进行分析。结果：四川省中小城市成年人牙本质敏感的患病率为27.76%,冷刺激是牙本质敏感症的最常见诱发因素（78.5%）。30～39岁人群的个人平均牙敏感数最高（2.79）。右上颌第一前磨牙是最常见的敏感牙位。性别和存在胃返酸症状可能为牙本质敏感的危险因素。结论：四川省中小城市牙本质敏感患病率27.76%,牙本质敏感广泛存在,应加强口腔宣教并采取预防措施。     

济宁市农村成人牙本质敏感的流行病学调查

［摘要］ 目的 了解山东省济宁市农村成人牙本质敏感的流行状况及影响因素,为牙本质敏感的诊断、预防以及治疗提供依据。方法 采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样调查,对山东省济宁市农村1 200名成年人进行牙本质敏感的问卷调查及现场口腔检查,使用SPSS 13.0软件包对数据进行分析。结果 山东省济宁市农村成人牙本质敏感依靠问卷确诊牙本质敏感的患病率为43.25%,通过临床检查为35.68%,女性患病率高于男性,有显著性差异（P＜0.01）。冷刺激是牙本质敏感最常见诱发因素（63.97%）。“女性”、“经常吃煎饼”、“采用横刷法刷牙”、“存在胃肠道返酸症状者”可能是牙本质敏感的危险因素。牙本质敏感最好发于前磨牙,其次为第一磨牙。50~59岁为牙本质敏感高发期,敏感好发牙面部位以牙颈部为主,82.44%的敏感人群牙龈存在附着丧失。结论 山东省济宁市农村成人牙本质敏感广泛存在,口腔专业人员应尽快加强牙本质敏感预防和治疗措施的宣传。     

我国城市地区成人牙本质敏感的流行病学调查

目的 调查我国城市地区20～69岁成人牙本质敏感的患病状况及其影响因素,以期为临床提供资料.方法 调查对象为北京、上海、广州、武汉、成都、西安共6个城市20～69岁居民,采用多阶段、分层、等容鼍随机抽样的方法,样本来自6个城市的36个抽样点.调查内容包括牙本质敏感的临床检查和问卷调查.牙本质敏感的诊断结合了受检者的自我感觉和临床上冷空气喷吹敏感检查.临床检查是在常温下,距离牙面1 cm处气枪吹压缩空气,受检者确认是否敏感或疼痛.结果 7939名20～69岁成人完成了牙本质敏感的临床检查和问卷调查.在调查人群中,40.7%(3230/7939)的受检者自述有牙本质敏感的症状,结合气枪吹气诊断并排除龋齿等其他引起疼痛的疾病,受检人群牙本质敏感的患病率为29.7%(2354/7939),人均牙本质敏感牙数为1.4颗.50～59岁年龄组人群牙本质敏感的患病率最高,为39.1%(622/1592).牙本质敏感好发于前磨牙,最常见的引起牙本质敏感的刺激因素为冷刺激.女性、受教育程度低、有牙龈退缩、附着丧失及胃食管反流史等因素与牙本质敏感的发生有关.结论 我国城市地区20～69岁成人牙本质敏感很常见,应得到口腔专业人员的关注.     

成都市青年人群牙本质过敏症流行病学调查研究

目的了解成都市青年人群牙本质过敏症的流行状况及危险因素。方法2008年6-7月采用多阶段、等容量、随机性抽样方法,对成都市741名18～35岁年龄段常住人口的牙本质过敏情况进行问卷调查和临床检查,并对牙本质过敏症的相关危险因素进行分析。结果成都市青年人群牙本质过敏症的患病率为17.27%,女性牙本质过敏症的患病率高于男性（P＜0.01）。冷刺激是牙本质过敏症的最常见诱发因素（62.80%）,右上颌第一前磨牙是牙本质过敏症的最常见敏感牙位（15.51%）。存在胃肠道返酸症状、饮用碳酸饮料较多、使用牙刷较硬、刷牙力量较大是牙本质过敏症的相关危险因素。结论成都市青年人群中牙本质过敏症广泛存在,酸蚀和刷牙不当会造成牙本质过敏症的发生,口腔医生应加大对牙本质过敏症预防措施的宣传。     

四川省中小城镇及农村地区成人牙本质敏感的临床特征及危险因素分析

目的分析四川省中小城镇及农村地区成人牙本质敏感的临床特征及危险因素,以期为牙本质敏感的防治提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,对四川省中小城镇及农村地区进行成人牙本质敏感的流行病学调查,所有被检查者均需回答年龄、刷牙方法及酸性来源等内容,并通过冷空气检测判断是否为牙本质敏感。口腔检查和问卷内容采用Logistic回归分析牙本质敏感的危险因素。结果本次调查共纳入1163人,324名受检者患有牙本质敏感,敏感牙数共1038颗。第一前磨牙为牙本质敏感最好发牙位,占敏感牙齿的29.96％(311/1038);敏感牙齿最好发部位为暴露的牙根面,占总敏感牙齿的63.87％ (663/1038),不同牙位患病部位具有各自的特征,性别、牙刷使用时间长、患有胃返酸是本次调查人群牙本质敏感的危险因素（OR值分别为2.175、1.157、1.760）。结论牙本质敏感是受多因素影响的口腔疾病,对其防治应从提高口腔健康措施、防治牙周疾病等多方面进行。     

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目的调查辽宁省农村20～〈70岁氟牙症人群牙本质敏感的患病状况及其相关危险因素,为牙本质敏感的预防和治疗提供依据。方法2009--2010年在辽宁省新民市氟牙症病区采用随机区组抽样的方法,对800名20～〈70岁居民进行牙本质敏感的临床检查和问卷调查,应用氟离子选择电极法检测居民饮水氟质量浓度,采用Logistic回归分析牙本质敏感的危险因素。结果＇-3地居民饮水氟质量浓度为1．15～1．50mg／L,氟牙症患病率为95．0％;800名20．〈70岁成人完成了牙本质敏感的临床检查和问卷调查,79人被检出牙本质敏感,患病率为9．9％,男女之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。敏感最好发牙位为下前牙,其次是第一磨牙;敏感好发牙面为唇颊侧牙颈部根面暴露处。牙刷使用时间过长是本次调查人群牙本质敏感的危险因素（OR=2．210）。在敏感人群中无人采取治疗措施或去医院、诊所咨询。结论农村人群在饮水氟质量浓度为1．15-1．50mg/L时,氟牙症发病率高,但牙本质敏感患病率较低,此时牙刷使用时间是危险因素。     

630名四川农村成人牙本质敏感流行病学调查分析

目的 了解四川省农村成人牙本质敏感的患病状况,并探讨可能的危险因素.方法 采用多阶段、分层、等容量、随机抽样的方法,对四川省农村630名成人进行牙本质敏感问卷调查和口腔临床检查,使用SPSS 18.0软件对调查数据进行统计分析.结果 四川省农村成人牙本质敏感的患病率为27.9%,酸刺激是最常见的敏感诱发因素.第一前磨牙...     

2005年广东省中老年人牙周健康状况抽样调查报告

目的 了解广东省35～44岁、65～74岁城乡人群牙周健康的现状,为广东省口腔卫生保健工作提供信息支持.方法 用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样方法,抽取广东省35～44岁、65～74岁城乡常住人口各720人,男女各半.按照<第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案>用CPI探针检查全口牙牙周袋深度和半口牙的附着丧失.结果 35～44岁组、65～74岁组有浅牙周袋分别为24.31%、38.06%,浅牙周袋平均牙数分别为1.55、1.63颗.深牙周袋为5.97%、10.69%,平均牙数为0.14、0.15颗.附着丧失小于3 mm检出率分别为42.50%、4.44%,至少有1个牙位附着丧失≥4 mm的检出率为44.17%、74.58%,至少有1个牙位附着丧失≥6 mm的检出率为12.64%、41.39%.附着丧失4～5 mm的平均牙数分别为1.42、2.42颗.附着丧失6～8 mm的平均牙数分别为0.27、0.79颗.男性牙周袋、附着丧失检出率高于女性.结论 广东省中老年人的口腔健康广泛受牙周炎的影响.     

口腔医生对牙本质敏感的认知情况抽样调查报告

目的了解成都地区口腔医生对牙本质敏感的认知情况，为进一步做好口腔专业继续教育提供参考。方法用中华口腔医学会预防口腔医学专业委员会2008版《口腔医生牙本质敏感调查问卷》，对成都市5城区及部分郊县227名口腔医生进行抽样问卷调查。结果（1）对牙本质敏感流行病学的认知：对牙本质敏感患病情况认知不足，患病率被低估。（2）对牙本质敏感病因及诊断的认知：①流体动力学理论未被广泛知晓；②酸蚀症引发牙本质敏感的作用被忽略；③除非患者主诉或要求．很少医生主动检查患者是否患有牙本质敏感。（3）在牙本质敏感的治疗上的认知：治疗方法较多，但效果不理想，医生信心不足。（4）宣传教育及随访：①大部分医生对于牙本质敏感的宣教较有信心：②绝大部分医生要求患者随访，但随访率较低。结论口腔医生对牙本质敏感的相关知识及临床诊断治疗上仍然存在欠缺．有必要对口腔医生开展进一步的继续教育以及制定相应的诊治指南。     

参加社区慢性病管理的糖尿病患者牙周健康状况调查及相关因素分析

目的了解社区糖尿病患者的牙周状况及相关因素。方法对参加慢性病管理的90例2型糖尿病患者进行牙周、血糖检查及问卷调查。结果本组研究对象牙周炎患病率为100％，轻、中、重度牙周炎分别为37．1％、24．4％、38．9％。附着丧失男性高于女性。牙周状况与糖化血红蛋白水平高度相关，受社会行为因素影响。结论糖尿病患者的牙周附着丧失与糖化血红蛋白水平关系更为密切，应将二者作为定期监测的指标，积极控制牙周炎症，优先针对低收入、牙周保健知识水平低的人群开展行为干预。     

A cross‐sectional study of dentine hypersensitivity in China

Objective : To carry out a cross‐sectional study of the prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity and related risk factors in Chengdu City, China. Methods : A total of 1,320 subjects were distributed equally in six communities in Chengdu City and of all age groups (10 years for an age group) including the same number of male and female subjects in each community. Each subject completed a structured interview and the subjects who reported hypersensitivity were examined further using a triple syringe to administer a blast of cold air to confirm the diagnosis of dentine hypersensitivity. Periodontal attachment loss and gingival recession of all sensitive teeth were measured. Results : The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity was 25.5% in the oral test. Only 16.6% of subjects who reported hypersensitivity symptoms had received desensitising treatment. 50–59 year age group was the cohort with the greatest number of subjects with DH and the premolar was the most commonly affected tooth. Low education level, gingival recession, and attachment loss were related to dentine hypersensitivity. Conclusions : The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in an urban adult population in Chengdu City was 25.5%.     

The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in Chinese adults

Dentine hypersensitivity is a common oral problem. This study investigated the prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in the adult population of Shanghai, China. A multi-stage, stratified, random sampling method was used to investigate the study population. A total of 2120 subjects were examined at 10 investigation points in Shanghai City. Subjects were divided into age groups (10 years per age group) and included the same number of male and female subjects in each group. Participants completed a dentine hypersensitivity questionnaire and underwent clinical examination. The diagnosis of dentine hypersensitivity was confirmed clinically as a sharp well-localised pain in response to administration of a blast of cold air from a triple syringe. Gingival recession of sensitive teeth was measured by a Williams periodontal probe. Among 2120 participants, 723 were diagnosed as having dentine hypersensitivity, indicating a prevalence of 34·1%. The male to female ratio of dentine hypersensitivity was 1:1·5. The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity was highest in the 40- to 49-year age group at 43·9%. The number of teeth with dentine hypersensitivity was 3·2 per patient. Dentine hypersensitivity occurred predominantly in the premolars (49·6%), followed by the anterior teeth (30·5%). A total of 84·3% of dentine hypersensitive patients had gingival recession. The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in Shanghai adults was 34·1%, indicating that it is a common condition. Therefore, public education about the condition and effective treatment of dentine hypersensitivity are required.     

The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in a hospital clinic population in Hong Kong

OBJECTIVES: Dentine hypersensitivity is a common clinical finding with a wide variation in prevalence values. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity and to examine some associated aetiological factors in a cross-sectional study of patients visiting the Periodontology and Oral Hygiene Clinic at Prince Phillip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong over a three-week period. METHODS: 226 patients were examined over a three-week period using a triple syringe to administer a blast of cold air to confirm the diagnosis of dentine hypersensitivity. Additional factors such as smoking habits, initiating stimuli, gingival recession and cervical tooth surface loss were noted. RESULTS: 153 patients were diagnosed as having dentine hypersensitivity, giving a prevalence figure of 67.7%. The commonest teeth affected were the lower incisors and the commonest initiating factor was cold drinks. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in a hospital periodontology clinic population in Hong Kong was 67.7%.     

不同检测方法在牙颈部牙本质敏感的临床比较研究

目的：本研究拟对老年人群唇颊侧牙颈部牙本质敏感的不同检测方法间的差异性及临床特征等进行了系统研究。方法：研究通过冷空气和敏感压力探针筛选出牙本质敏感症状明显的患者,比较两种检测方法的差异性、相关性,并结合敏感患病部位临床特征进一步细化分类研究。结果：冷空气和敏感压力探针方法间有统计学差异（P〈0.01）,检测方法间的检出率差异与病损特征存在相关性,病损区域形态分类表明,67.98%的牙颈部敏感单纯由牙龈退缩发生后根面暴露引起,29.47%的则是由牙颈部楔状缺损引起,牙本质敏感的冷空气检测和压力敏感探针检测分级评价结果没有明显相关性（P〉0.05）。结论：两种牙本质敏感检测方法具有一定的互补性,检出率差异与病损形态有关系。     

钙离子拮抗剂致药物性牙龈增生的危险因素分析

目的调查高血压患者服用钙离子拮抗剂后引起药物性牙龈增生的患病率,并分析其危险因素。方法将北京医院心血管内科的681例高血压或冠心病患者纳入本研究,其中330例服用钙离子拮抗剂(CCB组),351例未服用钙离子拮抗剂(对照组)。记录患者的性别、年龄、用药种类、持续时间、剂量、是否联合用药。临床检查牙龈出血指数(BI)、菌斑指数(PLI)、牙龈增生指数(HI)。结果服用钙离子拮抗剂组牙龈增生的患病率为41.21%,显著高于对照组4.84%(P<0.05)。对调查的各种因素进行Logistic回归分析,结果显示:BI(OR=2.17,95%可信区间:1.60-2.94)PLI(OR=1.99,95%可信区间:1.38-2.87)是患者出现牙龈增生的危险因素。结论口腔卫生状况和牙龈炎症反应是药物性牙龈增生的危险因素。     

Prevalence and distribution of cervical dentine hypersensitivity in a population in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The prevalence, distribution and possible causal factors of cervical dentine hypersensitivity were studied in a population from a Marine Dental Clinic in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 635 patients were examined for the presence of cervical dentine hypersensitivity by means of a questionnaire and intraoral tests (air and probe stimuli). There were 157 patients (25%) reporting to have hypersensitive teeth, but only 108 patients (17%) were diagnosed as having cervical dentine hypersensitivity. The prevalence of hypersensitivity was higher among females than males, but this difference was not statistically significant. Most females with hypersensitivity were aged 20-49 and most males were aged 40-59. Incisors and premolars had the highest prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity to air and probe stimuli, while molars had the lowest. The presence and history of dentine hypersensitivity were positively correlated with previous exposure to periodontal treatment. Only a few of the patients who claimed to have dentine hypersensitivity had tried treatment with desensitizing toothpastes or sought professional help.     

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目的观察自制复方荜茇酊在牙本质敏感症治疗中的作用,分析其作用机制。方法将1995—2005年佳木斯市中心医院156例牙本质敏感症患者的400颗患牙分为两组:治疗组298颗,用自制复方荜茇酊治疗5次后观察疗效;对照组102颗,用75%氟化钠甘油治疗5次后观察疗效。结果对照组治疗有效率为73.5%,治疗组为93.96%,明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论自制复方荜茇酊治疗牙本质敏感症疗效优于75%氟化钠甘油。目的观察自制复方荜茇酊在牙本质敏感症治疗中的作用,分析其作用机制。方法将1995—2005年佳木斯市中心医院156例牙本质敏感症患者的400颗患牙分为两组:治疗组298颗,用自制复方荜茇酊治疗5次后观察疗效;对照组102颗,用75%氟化钠甘油治疗5次后观察疗效。结果对照组治疗有效率为73.5%,治疗组为93.96%,明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论自制复方荜茇酊治疗牙本质敏感症疗效优于75%氟化钠甘油。     

牙龈癌的流行病学危险因素研究

目的：研究牙龈癌发病的流行病学危险因素,为牙龈癌的有效预防提供依据。方法：收集2007-2011年某医院口腔科就医的78例牙龈癌病人,以医院所在社区的156例人群作为对照。收集研究对象的流行病学相关资料。采用SPSS18.0进行Logistic回归分析。结果：非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,与牙龈癌有关的流行病学危险因素包括年龄、吸烟、饮酒、高血糖、低收入家庭、家族肿瘤史（OR分别为1.064,3.826,2.932,2.067,5.218,2.617）。定期进行口腔护理、经常饮用经处理的水可以降低患牙龈癌的风险（OR分别为0.443,0.288）。结论：年龄较大、吸烟饮酒、高血糖、低收入家庭、家族肿瘤史等是患牙龈癌的危险因素,定期进行口腔护理、经常饮用经处理的水可以降低患牙龈癌的风险。