尘肺病患者102例血清免疫球蛋白含量分析

目的了解尘肺病患者血清中免疫球蛋白含量的变化,为尘肺病的防治工作提供科学依据。方法选择102名尘肺病患者为研究对象,根据诊断,分为尘肺I期,尘肺Ⅱ期以及尘肺Ⅲ期。同时选择44名健康人群作为对照,检测其血清中免疫球蛋白（IgM、IgA和IgG）的含量。结果与对照组相比,尘肺病患者血清中IgM、IgA和IgG含量均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义,IgG含量随尘肺期别的增加而增高。结论尘肺病患者体液免疫亢进,这对尘肺病的动态观察及指导临床治疗有一定的意义。     

Some immunological studies on coalworkers with and without pneumoconiosis

This work formed part of a series of studies devised to investigate immunological markers which it was considered might reflect individual susceptibility to the development of coalworkers' pneumoconiosis and especially progressive massive fibrosis. Estimations of T and B lymphocytes and white blood cell counts (WBCC) were performed on blood samples from 324 coalworkers grouped according to radiographic category of pneumoconiosis, age, and smoking habits. A subgroup of 43 men was further screened for both humoral anti-lung antibodies (ALA) and direct lymphocyte-mediated cellular cytotoxicity (LMCC) towards human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HEL). In addition 673 serum samples obtained during a previous study of autoimmune factors in coalworkers were screened for humoral antibodies to HEL cells. The only correlation found between category of pneumoconiosis and alterations in WBCC, percentage or absolute numbers of lymphocytes, or the presence of anti-lung antibodies was a decrease in a subgroup of T lymphocytes with increasing severity of pneumoconiosis. The major factor influencing these parameters in this study was the smoking status of the man. Smokers showed increased WBCC and lymphocyte numbers and a higher frequency of ALA and LMCC when compared with nonsmokers.     

儿童哮喘血清胱抑素C和体液免疫功能指标变化及其与肺炎支原体感染的相关性研究

目的 探究哮喘儿童血清胱抑素C(CysC)、体液免疫功能指标变化及其与肺炎支原体(MP)感染的相关性,为哮喘的治疗提供依据。 方法 以2017年9月—2020年6月在苏州市第九人民医院和吴江区儿童医院治疗的哮喘儿童95例为研究组,并以同期健康体检儿童63例为对照组。比较两组血清CysC水平、体液免疫功能指标[免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)]及MP感染率;将哮喘患儿分为重症组及轻症组,比较血清CysC水平、体液免疫功能指标及MP感染率,分析MP感染与CysC水平、体液免疫功能指标的相关性,并分析各指标及联合检测对哮喘严重程度的评估价值;检测所有受试者的肺功能指标,根据MP感染情况将哮喘患儿分为MP感染组及未感染组,比较两组及对照组的肺功能指标。 结果 研究组CysC、IgM水平及MP感染率高于对照组(t=9.942、2.880,χ² =10.914,P<0.05),研究组IgA、IgG水平低于对照组(t=10.289、7.968,P<0.05);患儿CysC、IgM水平与MP感染呈正相关(r=0.170、0.183,P<0.05),IgG水平与MP感染呈负相关(r=-0.254,P<0.05);重症组CysC、IgM水平及MP感染率高于轻症组(t=3.695、2.090,χ²=18.459,P<0.05),IgA、IgG水平低于轻症组(t=3.016、3.192,P<0.05),血清CysC水平、IgA、IgG、IgM水平及MP感染联合检测对哮喘严重程度的AUC高于单独检测(Z=2.018、2.899、2.068、3.094、2.799,P<0.05);MP感染组用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒最大呼气量(FEV₁)、FEV₁/FVC值小于未感染组(t=2.437、2.597、2.261,P<0.05)。 结论 哮喘患儿存在血清CysC水平及体液免疫功能异常的现象,并且血清CysC水平、体液免疫功能指标及MP感染联合检测对哮喘严重程度具有诊断价值。     

恶性肿瘤患者血清免疫球蛋白检测结果分析

目的:采取检测恶性肿瘤患者血清免疫球蛋白(Ig)中的IgG、IgA以及IgM含量的方法,探讨其体液免疫作用。方法:选取我院2015.09~2019.09时段收治的184例恶性肿瘤患者进行分析,将这184例患者纳入实验组。选择同期184例本院接收的健康体检者纳入健康参照组。分别测定184例患者与184健康体检者的血清Ig中的IgG、IgA、IgM。分别比较健康体检者IgG、IgA、IgM与不同恶性肿瘤者的IgG、IgA、IgM的差异性。结果:与健康参照组IgG:(10.87±3.24)g/L相比,实验组胃癌(9.21±1.56)g/L、肺癌(9.81±2.02)g/L、肠癌(9.03±0.12)g/L,均较其低(P<0.05),而肝癌为(16.35±4.15)g/L,极显著比其高(P<0.05)。与健康参照组IgA:(1.70±0.55)g/L相比,实验组胃癌(1.16±0.28)g/L,较其低(P<0.05),肝癌(2.36±0.59)g/L,较其高(P<0.05)。与健康参照组IgM:(1.43±0.49)g/L相比,实验组肝癌(3.06±1.17)g/L,极显著比其高(P<0.05)。结论:血清IgG、IgA、IgM与恶性肺癌、胃癌、肠癌、肝癌存在一定的关联性,与恶性肝癌相关性最高,对恶性肝癌患者影响最大。     

Immunological alterations in the lungs of mice following ozone exposure: changes in immunoglobulin levels and antibody-containing cells

Ozone was added to the air of the environmental chambers containing specific pathogen-free mice. At levels of 0.5 and 0.8 ppm the oxidant was seen to have inflammatory effects, as shown by rising serum albumin levels in lung lavage fluid. Fluorescein conjugated anti-heavy chain sera were used to detect cells containing IgM, IgG, and IgA in measured lung areas termed Pulmonary Units. Antigenic stimuli occurred along the airways, with significant increases of IgA-containing cells in the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue. The numbers of IgM- and IgG-containing cells did not increase. Immunodiffusion analyses for immunoglobulins in lung lavage fluid indicated increases of IgG1, IgG2, and IgA in lung secretions. The calculation of changing Ig/Alb ratios suggested that the IgA present was largely the result of local synthesis, while IgG molecules were mainly of serum origin. Possible sources of antigenic stimuli to ozone-exposed lungs are discussed.     

粉尘作业工人免疫球蛋白与超氧化物歧化酶的测定研究

为了研究粉尘作业工人的免疫球蛋白和超氧化物歧化酶的改变情况,探讨尘肺早期诊断的辅助指标。方法对男性的粉尘作业工人、非接尘工人和尘肺患者血清中免疫球蛋白及ＳＯＤ的含量检测。     

Dietary L-carnitine supplementation increases antigen-specific immunoglobulin G production in broiler chickens

The usefulness of supplementary dietary L-carnitine as an immunomodulator to increase antigen-specific antibody levels was analysed in 2-6-week-old broilers. The chickens received commercial feeds either unsupplemented (starter feed 17.8 mg carnitine/kg, finisher diet 22.9 mg carnitine/kg) or supplemented with L-carnitine (100 mg carnitine/kg added to feed). At 14 d of age, both groups were distributed in equal numbers and sex ratios over two environmentally controlled chambers where temperature (28 degrees) was either reduced immediately to 20 degrees, or gradually to 22 degrees at 36 d of age. Antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)M, IgG, IgA and total Ig responses were measured following two immunizations with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The typical BSA-specific IgM responses followed by IgG responses to the primary immunization were boosted by the secondary immunization. The kinetics of these responses were not altered by L-carnitine treatment. However, BSA-specific total Ig and IgG, but not IgM, responses were significantly increased by dietary L-carnitine supplementation, after both the primary and the secondary immunization. No significant influence of the sex of the chicks or the imposed environmental temperature on Ig responses was found. Temperature treatment and sex, but not L-carnitine supplementation, did significantly influence body-weight gain: cockerels were heavier than females and this became most evident in the second half of the rearing period. Further, lowering the temperature increased body weight. In conclusion, dietary L-carnitine supplementation appeared to be beneficial in enhancing specific humoral responses on vaccination.     

肺炎支原体肺炎患儿血清免疫球蛋白水平的变化及结果分析

目的探讨肺炎支原体肺炎患儿体液免疫(免疫球蛋白)在肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)发病机制中的作用。方法采用免疫透射比浊法检测MP-IgM阳性患儿和正常对照组儿童各60例的血清免疫球蛋白(IgGI、gA、IgM)。结果健康男童血清IgGI、gA水平比女童高,两者比较差异有显著性(P<0.01);男童血清IgM水平比女童稍高,两者比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。MP阳性患儿血清IgG水平明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05);血清IgA水平较对照组稍高,但无明显差异(P>0.05);而血清IgM水平明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。结论健康男童血清IgG和IgA水平均明显高于健康女童(P<0.01),而血清IgM的水平无明显差异,可能与男童对感染性疾病的抵抗力强于女童有关;患儿血清IgM水平较对照组显著升高,IgA升高不明显,IgG水平则低于对照组,显示体液免疫(免疫球蛋白)可能在MP感染的发病机制中起到一定的作用。     

86例强直性脊柱炎患者血清免疫球蛋白的变化探讨

目的探讨强直性脊柱炎（AS）患者免疫球蛋白水平的变化。方法以86例AS患者（疾病组）和80例健康人群（健康对照组）作为研究对象,采用免疫散射比浊法测定其血清中IgA、IgG、IgM的浓度。结果 AS患者血清IgA和Ig G水平显著高于健康对照组（P〈0.05）。免疫球蛋白变化以IgG异常为主,异常率为31.4%（27/86）;IgA异常率为17.4%（15/86）;IgM异常率为5.8%（5/86）。结论血清免疫球蛋白可作为强直性脊柱炎的重要炎症指标。     

Immunological Alterations in the Lungs of Mice following Ozone Exposure: Changes in Immunoglobulin Levels and Antibody-Containing Cells

Ozone was added to the air of environmental chambers containing specific pathogen-free mice. At levels of 0.5 and 0.8 ppm the oxidant was seen to have inflammatory effects, as shown by rising serum albumin levels in lung lavage fluid.

Fluorescein conjugated anti-heavy chain sera were used to detect cells containing IgM, IgG, and IgA in measured lung areas termed Pulmonary Units. Antigenic stimuli occurred along the airways, with significant increases of IgA-containing cells in the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue. The numbers of IgM- and IgG-containing cells did not increase.

Immunodiffusion analyses for immunoglobulins in lung lavage fluid indicated increases of IgG₁ IgG₂, and IgA in lung secretions. The calculation of changing Ig/Alb ratios suggested that the IgA present was largely the result of local synthesis, while IgG molecules were mainly of serum origin. Possible sources of the antigenic stimuli to ozone-exposed lungs are discussed.     

An epidemiological survey of immunological abnormalities in asbestos workers: II. Serum immunoglobulin levels

A significant elevation of serum IgA and IgG was found in female asbestos workers below age 36. Higher values of serum IgA, IgG, and IgM were found in male asbestos workers over age 35, when compared to matched controls. Female asbestos workers, over age 35, statistically differ from their controls only with respect to IgG levels. Patients, with asbestosis and with an impairment of blood oxygen saturation, contribute greatly to the elevation of serum immunoglobulin levels in asbestos workers. The asbestosis process, but not chronic bronchitis, is responsible for high serum IgA and IgG levels.     

Class specific antibodies in serodiagnosis of farmer's lung.

The aim of the present study was to determine which microbes and which immunoglobulin (Ig) classes should be included in tests to discriminate between patients with farmer's lung and reference persons. The sera of a group of farmer's lung patients and their spouses were measured for IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE antibodies against a panel of farmer's lung microbes. The concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgE antibodies were higher in patients compared with their spouses. The patients were generally positive for antibodies of several Ig classes whereas the spouses had only either IgG or IgA antibodies. A test comprising the determinations of IgG antibodies against T vulgaris and IgA antibodies against A fumigatus would correctly group 94% of the cases in the Finnish farming population. The selection of microbes for other environments needs to be determined locally.     

Rheumatoid factor and rheumatoid factor isotypes in loiasis with and without accompanying glomerulonephritis.

We have studied the distribution of rheumatoid factor isotypes amongst patients with loiasis with and without accompanying glomerulonephritis to determine the possible role of rheumatoid factor antiglobulins in this disease. Our findings indicate an increase in both immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM rheumatoid factor isotypes in patients with filariasis alone as well as in patients with accompanying glomerulonephritis. No association with IgA rheumatoid factor was found. The raised IgG and IgM rheumatoid factor levels did not correlate with corresponding IgG and IgM levels.     

Class specific antibodies in serodiagnosis of farmer's lung.

The aim of the present study was to determine which microbes and which immunoglobulin (Ig) classes should be included in tests to discriminate between patients with farmer's lung and reference persons. The sera of a group of farmer's lung patients and their spouses were measured for IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE antibodies against a panel of farmer's lung microbes. The concentrations of IgG, IgA, and IgE antibodies were higher in patients compared with their spouses. The patients were generally positive for antibodies of several Ig classes whereas the spouses had only either IgG or IgA antibodies. A test comprising the determinations of IgG antibodies against T vulgaris and IgA antibodies against A fumigatus would correctly group 94% of the cases in the Finnish farming population. The selection of microbes for other environments needs to be determined locally.     

母亲孕前肥胖对子代免疫球蛋白及补体变化的影响

目的通过对肥胖妇女妊娠期及其所生婴儿免疫球蛋白(immuno globulin,Ig)、补体(complement,C)、婴儿体质量进行分析,研究其相关性,探讨肥胖对生育期女性及新生儿免疫的影响。方法选取2015年9月至2016年4月在焦作市人民医院产前检查并分娩的20~40岁、孕周37~42周的产妇92例,根据孕前体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)分为正常组(BMI 18.5~23.9 kg/m2)55例和肥胖组(BMI≥24.0 kg/m2,包括超重、肥胖)37例。采集孕妇与新生儿静脉血并登记新生儿出生体质量,血标本分离血清后24 h内用免疫比浊法检测IgG、IgA、IgM、C3、C4。结果肥胖组母亲的新生儿平均体质量高于正常组(P0.05),肥胖组母亲分娩巨大儿的比例高于正常组(P0.05),孕前BMI与新生儿出生体质量呈正相关(P0.05)。肥胖组母亲血清IgG、IgA、IgM低于正常组,C3较正常组升高(P均0.05)。肥胖组新生儿血清IgA、IgM低于正常组(P0.05),孕前BMI与子代血清IgA、IgM呈负相关(P0.05)。结论孕前超重或肥胖可增加巨大儿的出生率;孕前超重或肥胖母亲自身血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、IgM和补体C3处于异常,可影响新生儿的免疫球蛋白和补体水平。     

有机镉染毒对小鼠免疫球蛋白及其亚类水平的影响

为研究有机镉化合物对体液免疫功能的影响。有机镉组采用分离纯化的镉金属硫蛋白 (CdMT)作为受试物给予低、中、高剂量 (Cd2 +0 2、0 5、1 0mg kg) ,无机镉组给予CdCl2 (Cd2 +0 5mg kg) ,BALB c小鼠经灌胃染毒 2周和 4周 ,检测血清中免疫球蛋白 (Ig)及其亚类的水平。结果显示染毒 4周后与对照组和脱金属硫蛋白 (Apo MT)组比较 ,CdCl2 组血清IgG1、IgG2a、IgG2b、IgG3、IgA、IgM和IgLλ各指标均显著性降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ;CdMT组IgG2a和IgG2b明显降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但无剂量 反应关系 ,其余指标未见显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结果表明有机镉CdMT可诱导体液免疫功能抑制 ,但明显轻于无机镉作用 ,提示不同形态镉的体液免疫毒性不同并与金属硫蛋白的作用有关     

BAFF enhances B-cell-mediated immune response and vaccine-protection against a very virulent IBDV in chickens

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an acute, highly infectious and immunosuppressive disease caused by IBDV, which specifically targets destruction of B cells in the bursa of Fabricius. B-cell activating factor belonging to the TNF family (BAFF, also called BLyS, TALL-1, THANK, or zTNF4) is an important factor for B-cell proliferation and survival. Here we demonstrate that human soluble BAFF (hsBAFF) may enhance humoral immune response by elevating B lymphocyte activity of secretion of immunoglobulin (Ig) such as IgA, IgM and IgG in chickens immunized or unimmunized with an inactivated IBDV vaccine from a very virulent strain. Of importance, we found that hsBAFF, as a co-immunostimulant for vaccination, may play a vital role in amplifying the specific protective immune response, thereby potently preventing very virulent IBDV challenge. This is supported by serological evidence that hsBAFF may effectively enhance higher specific IgG activity and titre in serum of immunized chickens. The findings strongly suggest that BAFF may be exploited in combination with specific vaccination for prevention of IBD.     

Serum immunoglobulin levels during contraceptive use of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate in Indian women: A preliminary study

This study was conducted to determine the effect of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) as a contraceptive on levels of serum immunoglobulins, total protein and albumin in Indian users. The recommended dose of 150 mg of DMPA by deep intramuscular injection was given to twenty parous women. Levels of serum immunoglobulins, total protein and albumin were measured prior to, and at one and three months after the injection. The levels of total protein and albumin remained unaffected. No significant changes were observed in the levels of IgA and IgM. IgG levels were increased in the first and third month was statistically significant (p = 0.019). While the serum levels of IgA, IgM, total protein and albumin were unaffected, the raised levels of IgG were indicative of improved humoral immunity in Indian DMPA users.     

Part I: General Observations

Lungs from 45 coalworkers with simple pneumoconiosis have been compared with chest films obtained within two years of death. The carbon, quartz, mica, and kaolin content of the lungs was determined chemically. Large lung sections were used to assess the type and severity of emphysema and the presence of fibrous dust nodules. Histological sections were used to grade the amounts of reticulin and collagen in the simple dust foci. By using averages of four independent readings of each radiograph, subdivisions of the I.L.O. 1950 scale of categories were related to amounts of dust in the lungs.

It was found that the mean weight of total dust in the right lung was: category 0, 4·3 g.; category 1, 10·5 g.; category 2, 14·5 g.; category 3, 26·7 g.; and that the mineral and carbon contributed about equally to the radiological changes but, weight for weight, mineral contributed about nine times more than carbon. A physical explanation for this is suggested, in terms of relative absorptions of rays by carbon and mineral; the coefficients of absorption of the various dust components and “wet tissue” are compared at various wavelengths, and the effects on the radiograph are discussed. An explanation in terms of tissue reaction to dusts was also investigated but was not found to be plausible. “Mean ages of dust foci” (periods of dust retention) were studied from records of work underground, and compared with the radiological changes, the gradings for reticulin and collagen, and the presence of fibrous dust nodules. Observer variability in reading the -ray films was greater when fibrous dust nodules were present. The application of the results to the interpretation of studies of progression of simple pneumoconiosis judged from the radiograph is described.

     

Humoral immune responses of workers occupationally exposed to wheat flour

Wheat flour is a complex organic dust likely to induce immune responses when inhaled in work environment conditions. We compared the humoral status of 159 exposed workers from 11 flour mills and one industrial bakery with that of 41 workers from a salt factory. IgG, IgA, and IgM levels of antibodies to whole flour and to gliadin were assayed using ELISA tests in serum and saliva samples. Serum levels of IgG and IgA to both antigens were significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in occupationally exposed workers. Exposed workers had significantly higher levels of salivary IgG (p = 0.005) and IgA (p < 0.0001) to whole flour and of salivary IgG (p = 0.0005) to gliadin. In both groups, similar levels of anti-gliadin salivary IgA antibodies were observed. These data suggest that occupational exposure to wheat flour triggers specific immune responses, most likely through stimulation of the mucosal immune system. The presence of significant levels of serum antibodies, however, indicates that a systemic immunologic response is also present among exposed individuals.