80岁以上老年冠心病患者介入治疗的疗效及安全性分析

目的:评价80岁以上老年冠心病患者接受介入治疗的疗效及安全性。方法:回顾性分析2004-01至2008-12在我院接受介入治疗的≥80岁的冠心病患者172例,记录住院期间临床及介入资料,并进行电话或门诊随访。结果:172例冠心病患者中,30例为稳定性心绞痛患者,75例为不稳定性心绞痛患者,51例急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死,16例急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死;平均年龄为(82.3±2.5)岁。手术成功率为94.8%。住院期间心源性死亡率为4.1%,消化道出血发生率为4.7%;长期随访心源性死亡率为4.9%,二次血运重建率为8.0%,消化道出血发生率为1.9%,脑出血发生率为1.2%。单因素分析女性、急性心肌梗死、左心室射血分数(LVEF)及陈旧脑梗塞与心源性死亡相关(OR=3.925、5.658、0.898、5.098,95%CI分别为3.352～4.498、4.533～5.663、0.863～0.933、5.081～6.235,P均0.05),多因素分析LVEF及陈旧脑梗塞是心源性死亡的独立预测因子(OR=0.911、7.868,95%CI分别为0.868～0.954、7.126～8.610,P均0.05)。结论:80岁以上冠心病患者接受冠脉介入治疗及双重抗血小板治疗相对安全、有效。     

75岁以上老年冠心病患者介入治疗临床分析

目的评价高龄(≥75岁)冠心病(CAD)患者冠脉介入治疗(PCI)的疗效和安全性。方法分析2005年5月至2009年10月在我科行PCI治疗的年龄≥75岁的冠心病患者(72例)与<75岁冠心病患者(68例)的临床和冠脉介入治疗特点、PCI即刻成功率及并发症、通过电话和/或门诊随访PCI术后1年内心脑血管事件及出血事件的发生。COX回归模型分析影响PCI安全性的主要预测因素。结果年龄≥75岁组三支病变,弥漫及钙化病变高于年龄<75岁组(P<0.05);病变部位2组无明显差异;置入支架数较年龄<75岁组少,手术即刻成功率无明显差异。住院期间心绞痛复发、亚急性支架血栓、造影剂肾损害、长期随访主要出血并发症、脑卒中2组比较无明显差异;年龄≥75岁组发生心因性病死率增高(5.5%)。多因素分析LVEF是心因性死亡的独立预测因子(OR=0.911,95%可信区间0.868～0.954,P=0.032)。结论高龄(年龄≥75岁)冠心病患者接受冠脉介入治疗相对安全、有效。     

75岁及以上老年患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后远期预后的性别差异

目的:评价75岁及以上老年患者在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后远期预后是否存在性别差异。方法:连续入选2004-04至2010-11期间在我院行PCI的29 211例冠心病患者,分为:≥75岁女性组(521例)、75岁女性组(5 666例)、≥75岁男性组(1 098例)和75岁男性组(21 926例)。比较各组患者PCI术后住院期和远期预后。结果:住院期间,≥75岁女性组心原性死亡发生率明显高于其他三组。COX比例风险模型分析显示:与75岁女性及75岁男性比,≥75岁女性是心原性死亡(HR=2.53,95%CI:1.15~5.59;HR=2.22,95%CI:1.26~3.91)和心原性死亡/心肌梗死(HR=2.26,95%CI:1.27~4.03;HR=2.25,95%CI:1.44~3.51)的独立危险因素。但与≥75岁男性相比,≥75岁女性不是心原性死亡(HR=1.30)和心原性死亡/心肌梗死(HR=1.21)的独立危险因素。结论:与其他人群相比,75岁及以上老年女性PCI术后住院期和远期预后较差,但其不是PCI术后预后不佳的独立危险因素。     

75岁以上老年冠心病患者的介入治疗及疗效观察

目的探讨老年冠心病介入治疗特点和近、远期疗效。方法回顾性分析2001年4月至2004年4月间519例行经皮冠状动脉(冠脉)介入治疗的患者,统计老年组(≥75岁)和年轻组(≤60岁)的临床及冠脉病变特点,即刻手术成功率和近、远期主要不良心脏事件。结果老年组(81例)合并高血压病、心功能、肺功能、肾功能减退及脑血管病的比例高于年轻组(196例)。老年组多见冠脉多支病变(46.9%比15.3%,P<0.01)和复杂病变(67.3%比44.6%,P<0.01)。老年组即刻治疗成功率92.5%(99/107)。年轻组即刻治疗成功率95.2%(239/251)。住院期间及远期随访严重不良心脏事件老年组均高于年轻组(分别为9.9%比3.6%,P<0.05;34.7%比17.8%,P<0.01)。结论老年冠心病患者常合并多种疾病,冠脉病变严重而复杂,虽然介入治疗即刻成功率与年轻者相仿,但近期及远期主要不良心脏事件发生率高。     

70岁以上冠心病患者行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的近远期疗效

长期以来认为老年患者行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的成功率低且并发症高.近几年有关老年PCI的研究显示老年冠心病患者同样受益于PCI.本研究旨在评价老年冠心病患者行PCI的疗效及安全性.     

75岁以上老人经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后短期疗效的性别差异

目的：研究≥75岁的冠心病患者行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术后住院期间的疗效是否有性别差异。方法从2005年1月到2010年12月502名接受了PCI术的≥75岁老年患者入选本研究,其中36.5%为女性,63.5%为男性。对不同性别患者临床特点和住院期间的疗效进行了比较。结果502名患者年龄为（78.5±3.2）岁,平均住院日（23.2±6.5）d。男性与女性相比,ST段抬高型心肌梗死的发病率高,而心力衰竭的发病率低。男性与女性住院期间的手术成功率（94.3%vs 94.5%, P＝1.000）和死亡率（1.3%vs 3.5%,P＝0.093）差异没有统计学意义。结论在≥75岁的老年冠心病患者中行PCI手术具有高成功率和可接受的死亡率。尽管男性的基础临床情况更差一些,但在接受PCI术的老年患者中,住院期间的结果没有性别差异。     

老年冠心病介入治疗的疗效和安全性评价

目的 评价老年和高龄老年冠心病(CHD)患者冠脉介入治疗(PCI)的有效性和安全性.方法　比较青中年(45～60岁,33例)、老年(60～74岁,92例)和高龄老年(75～89岁,76例)CHD患者的临床和冠脉介入治疗特点、PCI即刻成功率及并发症、PCI术后6月～2年内主要心脏事件(MACE)和终点事件的发生.结果 老年和高龄老年组合并多种疾病和/或危险因素的发生高于轻中年组患者(P<0.05,P<0.01).老年和高龄老年组单支和简单病变少于青中年组,而双支、多支及复杂病变明显增多.从青中年组、老年组到高龄老年组,Gesini积分逐渐增高.对应的PCI参数显示:与青中年组相比,老年组、高龄老年组预扩张比例增高,平均每例置入支架数、治疗病变数增加. 除1例发生冠脉内急性血栓、1例发生冠脉穿孔破裂外,整组对象PCI的即刻成功率为99.01%(199/201),其中高龄老年组即刻总成功率为98.68%,与青中年组(100%)、老年组(98.91%)相比无统计学差异. 高龄老年组完全血运重建的比例低于老年组(P<0.05)和青中年组(P<0.01),其MACE的发生风险为轻中年组的5.47倍.Logistic回归分析显示,仅不完全血运重建(OR=2.14,95%CI=1.37～5.72)是不良事件的独立危险因素.结论 有适应证的老年和高龄老年患者能耐受PCI,PCI即时成功率、院内无事件生存率与年轻患者相当,高龄不是PCI的禁忌证,且高龄CHD患者完全血运重建可能明显改善预后.     

老年冠心病患者介入治疗的现状与策略

冠心病是老年人最常见的死亡原因.随着人口老龄化的快速发展,老年冠心病患者不断增加.既往冠心病以内科药物治疗或外科搭桥手术为主要治疗方法,经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI）的快速发展,使老年冠心病的治疗得到了极大的改进[1].临床研究已证实,严重冠状动脉病变患者PCI后其远期预后优于单纯的内科药物治疗.但是,决定老年冠心病患者预后的独立相关危险因素较多,介入治疗风险相对较大.我们从2003年开展了心脏介入治疗技术,通过对年龄≥70岁的老年冠心病患者的临床资料、冠状动脉造影影像、PCI结果的观察和分析,结合国内外相关资料,发现老年冠心病患者的介入治疗有一定的特殊性,因此,了解老年冠心病患者介入治疗的现状,制订相应安全有效的介入治疗策略尤为重要.     

高龄冠心病患者经桡动脉途径介入治疗临床特点分析

目的 评价75岁以上高龄冠心病患者经桡动脉途径介入治疗的可行性及安全性.方法 纳入2010年11月～2012年6月在海军总医院心脏中心住院并接受冠脉介入治疗的年龄≥75岁的冠心病患者244例,记录和分析介入相关资料、住院期间和出院后随访6个月主要临床事件（全因死亡、心绞痛发作、再发心梗、靶血管重建、出血事件）等.结果 244例老年患者中,共有237例实施了桡动脉路径介入治疗.介入成功率为99.2%,介入相关并发症4例（1.6%）,3例为血肿并发症,1例为桡动脉闭塞;住院期间共发生主要临床事件4例（1.6%）,2例死亡,2例消化道大出血;随访6个月主要临床事件发生率增加,共发生26例（9.8%）,其中死亡1例,心绞痛23例,心肌梗死1例,消化道大出血2例.结论 75岁以上老年冠心病患者经桡动脉途径接受冠脉介入治疗安全可行.     

70岁以上老年冠心病患者的介入治疗

目的　探讨高龄冠心病患者施行冠状动脉介入治疗 (PCI)手术的特点、手术成功率及院内后果。方法　本院 2 0 0 1年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 10月间的PCI手术病例登记资料 ,2个年龄组 (年龄≥ 70岁及 <70岁 )之间的比较用卡方检验。结果　高龄组 91例患者 (116个病变 ) ,低龄组 16 0例患者 (191个病变 )施行了PCI。相对于低龄组 ,高龄组的女性构成比、多支病变及钙化弥漫性病变较多。高龄组病变的影像学成功率 93 1% ,与低龄组 (91 6 % )相当。而住院期间严重心脏不良事件发生率为8 8% ,显著高于低龄组 (1 3% )。结论　尽管高龄组病变的影像成功率与低龄组相当 ,但院内死亡率显著高于低龄组。     

冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后血浆皮质抑素的变化及临床意义

目的:探讨冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后血浆皮质抑素的变化及临床意义.方法:采用放射免疫方法测定40例冠心病(组)患者和40例正常对照(组)者的血浆皮质抑素,观察血浆皮质抑素水平在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术前、术后的变化.结果:冠心病组(术前)血浆皮质抑素水平明显高于正常对照组[(2.63±0.48)ng/ml vs(1.18±0.27)ng/ml,P<0.01],差异有统计学意义.冠心病组支架置入术后第1天血浆皮质抑素水平接近术前[术后第1天(2.61±0.38)ng/mlvs术前(2.63±0.48)ng/ml,P>0.05].术后第3天和第7天血浆皮质抑素水平分别为(2.42±0.45)ng/ml和(2.13±0.39)ng/ml,较术前分别降低8%和19%,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05).多因素相关分析显示血浆皮质抑素与C反应蛋白呈正相关(R=0.88,P<0.05).结论:冠心病患者血浆皮质抑素水平明显升高,冠心病患者支架置入术后血浆皮质抑素水平呈逐渐下降趋势.冠心病患者血浆皮质抑素水平的升高与反映炎症的指标C反应蛋白呈正相关.     

Association of Residual Ischemic Disease With Clinical Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

BackgroundAnatomical scoring systems have been used to assess completeness of revascularization but are challenging to apply to large real-world datasets.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of complete revascularization and its association with longitudinal clinical outcomes in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system using an automatically computed anatomic complexity score.MethodsPatients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between October 1, 2007, and September 30, 2020, were identified, and the burden of prerevascularization and postrevascularization ischemic disease was quantified using the VA SYNTAX (Synergy Between PCI With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) score. The association between residual VA SYNTAX score and long-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; death, myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, and stroke) was assessed.ResultsA total of 57,476 veterans underwent PCI during the study period. After adjustment, the highest tertile of residual VA SYNTAX score was associated with increased hazard of MACE (HR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.98-2.15) and death (HR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.41-1.59) at 3 years compared to complete revascularization (residual VA SYNTAX score = 0). Hazard of 1- and 3-year MACE increased as a function of residual disease, regardless of baseline disease severity or initial presentation with acute or chronic coronary syndrome.ConclusionsResidual ischemic disease was strongly associated with long-term clinical outcomes in a contemporary national cohort of PCI patients. Automatically computed anatomic complexity scores can be used to assess the longitudinal risk for residual ischemic disease after PCI and may be implemented to improve interventional quality.     

Results of Stent Supported Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty in Octogenarians With Coronary Artery Disease

Between January 1995 and July 1998, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was performed on 27 lesions in 24 octogenarians. Half of the patients were African American. Women comprised 67% of the study group. Patients with unstable angina and myocardial infarction constituted 54% of the cohort. Two-thirds of the patients (83%) had single vessel disease with predominant class A and B lesion complexity of the angioplasty site. Acute success rate was 92%. Stents were successfully placed in 11 subjects (46%). None had acute myocardial infarction, emergency coronary artery bypass surgery, or stroke as a complication of the procedure. One patient presenting with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock, died. Significant bleeding complications requiring blood transfusions occurred in 17% of patients. Of the patients, 23 (96%) were discharged in a clinically stable condition. Follow up during a two year period was completed in 21 patients (88%). One patient died of cancer. Four subjects (19%) underwent repeat percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. One other patient had recurrent chest pain requiring multiple hospitalizations. The remaining 16 patients (76%) remained free of recurrence of angina. We concluded that percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with stent placement can be performed in octogenarians with a high rate of clinical and angiographic success with an acceptable range of morbidity and mortality, and favorable long term (two year) outcome.     

In-Hospital Outcomes of Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Interventions in Heart failure patients

In-hospital outcomes of chronic total occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Interventions (CTO PCI) in heart failure patients has not been evaluated on a national base and was the focus of this investigation. We used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from 2008 to 2014 to identify adults with single vessel CTO PCI for stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD). Patients were divided into 3 groups: patients without heart failure, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcomes were studied using relevant statistics. Multiple logistic regression models were performed to assess in-hospital mortality, acute renal failure, and the use of mechanical support devices. Of 112,061 inpatients with SIHD from 2008 to 2014 undergoing CTO PCI, 21,185 (19%) had HFrEF and 3309 (3%) had HFpEF. Compared to patients without heart failure, HFrEF and HFpEF patients were older (mean age 69.2 vs 66.3, 70.3 vs 66.3 respectively, P < 0.001), had more comorbidities and higher acute in-hospital complications. HFrEF patients had higher adjusted in-hospital mortality [AOR 1.73, 95% CI (1.21-2.48)], acute renal failure [AOR 2.68, 95% CI (2.34-3.06)], and need for mechanical support [AOR 2.76, 95% CI (2.17-3.51)]. Compared to patients without heart failure, HFpEF patients had similar mortality and need for mechanical support, but higher incidence of acute renal failure. Older age was significantly associated with increased in-hospital mortality. chronic total occlusion PCI in patients with heart failure is associated with higher in-hospital morbidity and mortality and warrants further investigation to optimize health care delivery.     

脉搏波传导速度与冠状动脉介入治疗患者的临床预后关系

目的:探讨脉搏波传导速度(PWV)与冠心病行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)患者的临床预后的关系.方法:连续性入选我院心内科2005-01至2005-05间145例因冠心病行PCI治疗的住院患者,平均年龄(65.4±10.5)岁,测定患者住院期间的PWV和收集其他临床资料.根据患者PWV值将患者分为3组,PWV<10 m/s组(n=67),12m/s>PWV≥10m/s组(n=46)和PWV≥12 m/s组(n=32).随访患者PCI术后30天和术后3年心血管不良事件(心源性死亡,再发心肌梗死,再发心绞痛和继发心力衰竭)的发生情况.结果:3组患者基线临床资料比较除收缩压外差异均无统计学意义,PCI术后30天内3组患者的心血管不良事件发生率分别为0,2.2%和0,3组间差异无统计学意义.PCI术后3年时随访,患者心血管不良事件发生率3组分别为9.5%,17.1%和32.1%,其中PWV≥12 m/s组心血管不良事件发生率最高,与PWV<10 m/s组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:PWV快的冠心病患者PCI治疗后远期心血管不良事件的发生率有所增加,PWV对PCI术后患者远期心血管不良事件的发生有一定的预测价值.