腺苷负荷实验心肌灌注核素显像在冠心病中的临床价值

目的 评价腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的敏感性、准确性、特异性. 方法 对132例临床疑诊冠心病患者,静脉泵入腺苷,剂量为140 g/(kg·min),用药时间6 min.泵入过程中,行心电监测,观察患者的症状、血压和心率.于泵入腺苷3 min末,静脉注射核素显像剂99m锝-甲氧基异丁基异腈核素显像(99mTc-MIBI)925 MBq,1.5 h后行心肌灌注断层显像,若显像异常,次日行静息心肌显像.所有患者行冠状动脉造影. 结果 在132例患者中,冠状动脉造影阳性87例,阴性45例,心肌核素显像阳性85例,阴性47例,两种检查结果 一致的病例数为108例.心肌核素显像假阳性的病例为11例,假阴性为13例.腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的敏感性为85.1%(74/87)、特异性为75.6%(34/45)、准确性为81.8%(108/132). 结论 腺苷负荷试验心肌核素显像对于冠心病诊断具有重要的临床应用价值.     

腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的临床应用

目的评价腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像对冠心病诊断的临床应用价值。方法住院疑诊冠心病患者53例,静息心肌灌注显像24h后行腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像,记录患者注射腺苷过程中的心率、血压及临床症状。所有患者2周内行冠状动脉造影,以冠状动脉造影为"金标准",分析腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像对冠心病诊断的敏感性、特异性等指标。结果腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的敏感性为88.9%,特异性70.6%,阳性预澍值86.5%,阴性预测值75.0%,准确性83.0%。诊断单支、二支和三支冠状动脉病变的敏感性分别为78.6%、90%和100%。整个过程中未发生严重不良反应。结论腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像对冠心病的诊断有较高的敏感性和特异性,可作为运动负荷心肌灌注显像的重要补充,值得在临床推广和应用。     

腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像在冠心病中应用的临床研究

目的研究腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像(MPS)与冠状动脉血管造影(CAG)的准确性及两者联合应用在评价冠状动脉病变及心肌缺血情况中的价值。方法对32例临床疑诊冠心病的患者先予静脉泵注腺苷注射液[剂量为0.14mg/(kg·min)]6min,注射3 min时静脉注入核素显像剂99mTc-MIBI925MBq,1 h后行心肌灌注断层显像,若显像异常,次日行静息心肌灌注显像。所有患者2周内行冠状动脉血管造影术检查。将腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与冠状动脉造影结果进行对比分析,评价冠状动脉病变及心肌缺血情况。结果 32例患者中,14例冠状动脉造影显示为冠状动脉狭窄性病变,其中单支病变7例,二支病变4例,三支病变3例,腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像12例为阳性,2例阴性;18例冠状动脉造影显示未见明显狭窄,其中4例为壁冠状动脉,2例为冠状动脉慢血流,腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像为14例阴性,4例为阳性。腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠状动脉阻塞性病变的敏感性为85.71%,特异性为77.78%,阳性预测值为75%,阴性预测值为87.5%,准确性为81.25%。结论腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与CAG结果具有较好的一致性,两者联用能充分了解冠状动脉病变及心肌缺血情况,有利于临床治疗的选择。     

冠状动脉介入治疗前后腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像在临床中的价值

目的:探讨腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像在冠状动脉介入治疗中的临床价值.方法:116例冠心病疑似患者住院,行腺营负荷心肌灌注显像和碰状动脉造影,根据需要进行介入治疗,介入治疗后3～7天复查腺苷负倚心肌灌注显像.结果:73例冠心病患者中,66例得到介入处理.其中32例患者冠状动脉介入处理后复查腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像,介入后心肌核素血流灌注较介入前明显改善(P＜0.01＝.结论:腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像对于冠心病患者冠状动脉介入前病变成程度分析以及介入后疗效判断有一定的临床意义.     

腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像在糖尿病冠心病中的诊断价值

为探讨腺苷负荷核素心肌灌注SPECT显像在糖尿病合并冠心病诊断中的价值,对2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者40例(A组),单纯2型糖尿病患者48例(B组)及正常者40例(C组)均行腺苷负荷核素心肌灌注显像(MPI),并半定量分析其MPI结果.结果 全部糖尿病患者中有40例同时行冠状动脉造影(CAG)及腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像,腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像诊断糖尿病冠心病的灵敏度为86.7%,特异性为70.0%,准确性为82.5%:A组心肌灌注显像$3S评分明显高于其它两组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像可以成为诊断糖尿病冠心病首选的无创性检查方法,及时检出糖尿病患者中无症状心肌缺血患者,并可早期发现糖尿病患者冠状动脉储备功能减低,为临床预防和干预性治疗糖尿病冠心病的发生发展提供依据.     

国产腺苷负荷实验在核素心肌血流灌注显像中的应用

目的 评价国产腺苷负荷实验在核素心肌血流灌注显像中的安全性及对冠心痛的诊断价值,以及用药产生的主要不良反应.方法 采用国产腺苷对50例临床确诊或疑诊为冠心痛患者行腺苷负荷或腺苷负荷/静息99m Tc-MIBI心肌血流灌注断层显像,腺苷以0.14mg·kg-1·min-1采用三通静脉泵入,泵药3min末时静脉推注99mTc-MIBI 925 MBq,共6min,用药开始至停药后5min全程监护心电图、血压,注射99mTc-MIBI后1～1.5h采集图像,时心肌血流灌注断层显像进行定性分析.结果 (1)总的症状性不良反应发生率68%,主要表现为气促、心悸、头昏、胸闷、心前区不适等,上述症状可出现一种或多种并发.(2)用药前后心电图改变26例,主要以T波倒王、一过性房室传导阻滞为主.(3)血流动力学方面,用腺苷第1分钟内心率,血压变化不明显,第3分钟心率增加到(17±4)次/分,42例患者收缩压平均降低12mm Hg(1mm Hg=0.133kPa),舒张压平均降低8～10mm Hg.停药3min心率、血压基本恢复到用药前水平,不良反应完全消失.腺苷负荷核素心肌血流灌注显像结果与已行的冠状动脉造影符合率75%.结论 国产腺苷虽一般不良反应发生率较高,但临床表现轻,持续时间短,多无需特殊处理.患者耐受性好,临床应用安全,腺苷负荷实验核素心肌血流灌注显像诊断冠心病敏感性及特异性均较高,作为一种无创性检查具有重要的临床应用价值.     

腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像在冠心病诊断中的价值

目的 评价腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像试验对冠心病的诊断价值.方法 选择53例住院病人均行腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像和冠状动脉造影.结果 腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像试验诊断冠心病的敏感度、特异度分别为80.64%和72.72%.腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像试验与冠状动脉造影两种方法比较(P>0.05).诊断单支、双支和3支冠状动脉病变患者的敏感度分别为63.64%、90.91%和88.89%(P<0.05).对管径狭窄为50%-75%组的敏感度为57.14%,管径狭窄≥75%组的敏感度为87.5%,两组间比较有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 腺苷负荷心肌灌注断层显像诊断冠心病的敏感度与冠脉狭窄程度和病变支数相关.     

国产腺苷负荷心肌灌注断层显像对冠心病的诊断价值

目的 评价国产腺苷负荷心肌灌注断层显像对冠心病的诊断价值及腺苷试验的安全性.方法 62例临床疑诊冠心病患者行腺苷负荷/静息99Tcm-MIBI心肌灌注断层显像,其中50例显像1周内又行冠脉造影.腺苷按体重0.84 mg /kg通过输液泵静脉双通道给药,对心肌灌注断层显像图作定性分析.结果 50例冠脉造影者中正常22...     

腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与64层螺旋CT血管造影的对照研究

目的 研究腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与冠状动脉64层螺旋CT血管造影(MSCTA)的相关性及两者联合应用在评价冠状动脉病变及心肌缺血情况中的价值.方法 对35例临床疑诊冠心病或有心肌缺血性疾病史的患者分别静脉注射腺苷和核素显像剂99mTc-MIBI,1 h后行心肌灌注断层显像,若显像异常,次日行静息心肌灌注显像.所有患者行64层螺旋CT冠状动脉血管造影.将腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与MSCTA结果 进行对照,研究两者的相关性并联合评价冠状动脉病变及心肌缺血情况.结果 MSCTA显示18例冠状动脉未见明显狭窄者中,9例有壁冠状动脉腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像均为阳性;右冠状动脉显示纤细2例,腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像1例阳性,1例阴性;伴有冠状动脉钙化斑块2例,腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像1例阳性,1例阴性;5例冠状动脉未见异常者腺苷显像均为阴性.4例冠状动脉狭窄＜50%者,1例腺苷负荷心肌灌注阴性;2例有壁冠状动脉及1例心尖区低密度灶者,腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像均阳性.12例狭窄≥50%者,腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像11例阳性,1例阴性.1例伪影明显者,腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像示局部血流灌注轻度减低.结论 腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像与MSCTA结果 具有较好的一致性,两者联合能充分了解冠状动脉病变及心肌缺血情况.     

腺苷负荷99mTc-MIBI SPECT心肌显像在缺血性心脏病诊断中的价值及安全性评价

目的 评价腺苷负荷ppmTc-MIBI单光子发射型计算机断层(SPECT)心肌显像在诊断缺血性心脏病中的价值及安全性.方法 对117例临床确诊或疑似的缺血性心脏病患者,静脉泵入腺苷,剂量为140 Ixg·-kg-1·min-1,用药时间6 min.于泵入腺苷3 min末,注射核素显像剂ppcmTc-MIBI 760 MBq,1.5 h后行SPECT心肌显像,若显像异常,当日行静息心肌显像.所有患者行冠状动脉造影(CAG)或CT冠状动脉造影(CTA)检查,腺苷应用过程中观察血压、心率、心电图的变化及其不良反应.结果 82例CAG或冠脉CTA阳性.腺苷负荷荷99mTc-MIBI SPECT诊断缺血性心脏病的敏感性为92.7%,特异性为80.O%,准确性为88.9%,阳性预测值为91.6%.阴性预测值为82.4%.它对判断冠状动脉分支狭窄具有较高的价值,其中左前降支的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为90.1%、80.4%和86-3%;左回旋支为77.7%、83.3%和82.1%;右冠状动脉为91.5%,78.6%,83.8%.腺苷的不良反应轻、持续时间短.结论 腺苷负荷99mTc-MIBI SPECT对诊断缺血性心脏病、判断冠状动脉分支病变具有较高的价值,临床应用安全性高.     

肱骨远端全骺分离

肱骨远端全骺分离在5岁以下儿童中是较常见的肘部损伤,且极易误诊为肱骨髁上骨折或肘关节脱位。本组25例肱骨远端全骺分离均为向内侧移位,年龄11个月至14岁,平均5.6岁,属Salter-HarrisⅠ型或Ⅱ型。对本症骨骺损伤的解剖学和组织学,诸骨(和骨化中心)之间的对应关系以及骨骺损伤的诊治进行了简短的讨论。     

食指背侧皮瓣的临床应用

通过对右手虎口挛缩以及左拇指皮肤剥脱损伤各一例应用直指背侧皮瓣修复的成功经验,提出该手术的适应症和优点,并重点介绍其应用解剖学和手术方法。     

Investigation of hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of aqueous extract of Terminalia paniculata bark in diabetic rats

Objective

To investigate the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of aqueous extract of Terminalia paniculata bark (AETPB) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Methods

Acute toxicity was studied in rats after the oral administration of AETPB to determine the dose to assess hypoglycemic activity. In rats, diabetes was induced by injection of STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.) and diabetes was confirmed 72 h after induction, and then allowed for 14 days to stabilize blood glucose level. In diabetic rats, AETPB was orally given for 28 days and its effect on blood glucose and body weight was determined on a weekly basis. At the end of the experimental day, fasting blood sample was collected to estimate the haemoglobin (Hb), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine, urea, serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and insulin levels. The liver and kidney were collected to determine antioxidants levels in diabetic rats.

Results

Oral administration of AETPB did not exhibit toxicity and death at a dose of 2 000 mg/kg. AETPB treated diabetic rats significantly (P<0.001, P<0.01 and P<0.05) reduced elevated blood glucose, HbA1c, creatinine, urea, SGPT and SGOT levels when compared with diabetic control rats. The body weight, Hb, insulin and total protein levels were significantly (P<0.001, P<0.01 and P<0.05) increased in diabetic rats treated with AETPB compared to diabetic control rats. In diabetic rats, AETPB treatment significantly reversed abnormal status of antioxidants and lipid profile levels towards near normal levels compared to diabetic control rats.

Conclusions

Present study results confirm that AETPB possesses significant hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities in diabetic condition.     

Association of smoking,alcohol and NSAIDs use with expression of cag A and cag T genes of Helicobacter pylori in salivary samples of asymptomatic subjects

Objective

To determine the association of smoking, alcohol and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use with presence and virulence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in a representative sample of a random adult population of asymptomatic subjects.

Methods

Non virulent 16S rRNA and virulent cag A and T genes from salivary samples of 854 asymptomatic subjects were determined using polymerase chain reaction. The presence and absence of virulent and non virulent infection was statistically compared with consumption of smoking, alcohol and NSAIDs.

Results

The prevalence of infection in male and female subjects was found to be 69.25% and 66.90%, respectively. The prevalence of infection in the population of asymptomatic subjects with respect to consumption of alcohol was as follows: current (31.22%), former (52.20%) and never (43.58%). The prevalence of infection in the population of asymptomatic subjects with respect to smoking of cigarettes was as follows: current (88.80%), former (57.14%) and never (33.33%). The prevalence of infection in the subject population consuming NSAIDs and not consuming NSAIDs frequently was found to be 82.75% and 21.16%, respectively. Virulence in male and female subjects was found to be 60.00% and 50.00%, respectively. The presence of virulent infection in the population of asymptomatic subjects with respect to consumption of alcohol was as follows: current (28.57%), former (40.15%) and never (50.00%). The prevalence of virulent infection in the population of asymptomatic subjects with respect to smoking of cigarettes was as follows: current (79.32%), former (75.00%) and never (50.00%). The prevalence of virulent infection in the subject population consuming NSAIDs and not consuming NSAIDs frequently was found to be 88.23% and 66.66%, respectively.

Conclusions

It can be concluded that smoking and NSAIDs consumption are aggravating factors for virulence of H. pylori and alcohol can inhibit H. pylori infection in asymptomatic subjects.     

大肠多发原发性癌:危险因素、诊治和预防(附8例报告)

综述分析1954～84年国内外文献,探讨了大肠多发原发性癌的诊断标准、发病情况、临床表现、发病危险因素、外科处理以及预防和诊断检测技术等问题,强调了大肠腺瘤,遗传基础、免疫缺陷、慢性溃疡性结肠炎等在发病上的作用,及高危险组患者应按方案进行常规检测监护之重要性。述介了大肠多发原发性癌系一种原发性大肠癌多中心发生的形式,在诊治上前者与后者有一致性,亦各有其独特性。报告宁夏医学院附属医院肿瘤科1977～84年收治的8例住院大肠多发原发性癌病例的临床资料,对诊治经过进行了初步总结。     

具有抗细菌黏附和杀菌双重功能的(HA/CHI-Van)5涂层的制备

目的：研究开发一种涂覆(HA/CHI-Van)5多层膜结构的骨科内植入物以用于预防骨内植入物感染。方法：将透明质酸（HA）和壳聚糖-万古霉素（CHI-Van）溶液进行层层自组装,制备得到(HA/CHI-Van)5多层膜结构;通过zeta电位检测组装过程,通过活细菌染色实验评价多层膜的抗细菌黏附效果,通过越狱实验和FE-SEM实验检测体外抗菌效果。SD大鼠随机分为空白组、(HA/CHI-Van)5组和假手术组,并以X线、Micro-CT、骨组织切片等方法检测该材料的体内动物实验效果。结果：每次组装不同的单层,zeta电位交替变化,证明多层膜组装成功。活细菌染色实验显示多层膜结构中的CHI具有一定的抗细菌黏附作用。越狱实验和FE-SEM实验证明(HA/CHI-Van)5多层膜结构在体外具有良好的抗菌作用。在体外实验中,(HA/CHI-Van)5组的X线评分为0.7,而空白组的评分为12.3,(HA/CHI-Van)5组在骨密度、骨小梁数量、骨体积分数、骨组织切片方面均优于空白组（均P＜0.05）,且非常接近假手术组（均P＞0.05）。结论：通过在骨科内植入物表面涂覆(HA/CHI-Van)5多层膜结构能够获得一定的抗细菌黏附功能和良好的抗菌作用,可以预防骨内植入物感染。     

Efficacy and side effects of praziquantel in the treatment of Schistosomiasis mansoni in schoolchildren in Shesha Kekele Elementary School,Wondo Genet,Southern Ethiopia

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and side effects of praziquantel (PZQ) in the treatment of schistosomiasis in Ethiopia.

Methods

In a cross-sectional study, stool specimens were collected from randomly selected 299 school children in Shesha Kekele Elementary School, Wondo Genet, Southern Ethiopia, in April 2010. Stool specimens were examined using a single Kato-Katz thick smear for Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) ova. Children who were found positive for S. mansoni were treated with a single oral dose of PZQ at 40 mg/kg bw and interviewed for treatment-related symptoms 24 hours after drug administration. Four weeks post-treatment, stool specimens were collected from the same children and examined following the same procedure as in the pre-treatment. Drug efficacy was determined based on cure and egg reduction rates.

Results

Pre-treatment prevalence of S. mansoni infection was 74.9% with geometric mean egg count of 268. The evaluated generic PZQ produced an overall cure rate of 73.6% (P<0.000 1, OR: 8.33, CI: 5.3–13.1) and egg reduction rate of 68.2% (P=0.03, F=0.64). The cure rate showed significant association with age (χ²=11, P=0.004), the highest rate being observed in the 15–22 age group. 83% of S. mansoni infected children showed various treatment-related symptoms, the most frequent being headache, nausea, and abdominal pain. These symptoms were associated with age (P<0.001) and pre-treatment intensity of infection (P<0.05).

Conclusions

The present observations revealed relatively lower cure and egg reduction rates of the PZQ evaluated as compared to previous reports for other PZQ brands in Ethiopia. Hence, in depth studies are recommended to clarify whether the present relatively lower cure rate is the actual cure rate of the praziquantel evaluated, treatment failure, or reduced susceptibility of the parasite. Treatment-related side effects observed were transient and tolerable.     

NGR修饰唑来膦酸长循环脂质体制备及其表征研究

目的:制备具有肿瘤血管靶向的NGR修饰唑来膦酸长循环脂质体,并对其进行表征研究。方法：采用薄膜分散法制备NGR修饰唑来膦酸长循环脂质体,,并对其进行表征研究,并测定包封率。结果：制备得到的NGR-PEG-ZOL-LPs平均粒径为(271.43±9.23)nm,Zeta电位为-(36.20±0.20)mv,多分散系数(PDI)为(0.15±0.03),理化性质相对稳定;NGR-PEG-ZOL-LPs包封率为8.41%;电镜下显示NGR-PEG-ZOL-LPs呈类圆形,大小分布均匀,无明显聚集。结论：采用薄膜分散法制备的NGR修饰唑来膦酸长循环脂质体具有较高的稳定性,从而为体内药效学研究奠定基础。     

Control of Tetranychus urticae Koch by extracts of three essential oils of chamomile,marjoram and Eucalyptus

Objective

To evaluate the acaricidal activity of extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus against Tetranychus urticae (T. urticae) Koch.

Methods

Extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus with different concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0% and 4.0%) were used to control T. urticae Koch.

Results

The results showed that chamomile (Chamomilla recutita) represented the most potent efficient acaricidal agent against Tetranychus followed by marjoram (Marjorana hortensis) and Eucalyptus. The LC₅₀ values of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus for adults were 0.65, 1.84 and 2.18, respectively and for eggs 1.17, 6.26 and 7.33, respectively. Activities of enzymes including glutathione-S-transferase, esterase (α-esterase and β-esterase) and alkaline phosphatase in susceptible mites were determined and activities of enzymes involved in the resistance of acaricides were proved. Protease enzyme was significantly decreased at LC₅₀ of both chamomile and marjoram compared with positive control. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) proved that the major compositions of Chamomilla recutita are α-bisabolol oxide A (35.251%), and trans-β-farersene (7.758%), while the main components of Marjorana hortensis are terpinene-4-ol (23.860%), p-cymene (23.404%) and sabinene (10.904%).

Conclusions

It can be concluded that extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus possess acaricidal activity against T. urticae.