Effect of low-intensity infrared laser radiation on ultrastructure and proliferation of liver cells in experimental hepatitis and cirrhosis

Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, Tashkent Branch, All-Union Research Center for Surgery, Academy of Medical Sciences. (Presented by Academician D. S. Sarkisov, Academy of Medical Sciences.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 4, pp. 424–427, April, 1992.     

Effect of neuropeptide y on body temperature of normal and alcohol-tolerant rats

Laboratory of Physiology of Alcohol Motivation, P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow. Institute of Pathology, Szegedin Medical University, Hungary. (Presented by Academician K. V. Sudakov, Academy of Medical Sciences). Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 4, pp. 344–347, April, 1992.     

Changes in brain monoamine oxidase activity during conditioned passive avoidance recall in rats

Department of Central Mechanisms of Regulation, Institute of Physiology, Siberian Branch, Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk. (Presented by Academician P. K. Kaznacheev, Academy of Medical Sciences). Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 4, pp. 342–344, April, 1992.     

Secretory activity of lactotrophs and its regulation by hypothalamic hormones in primary pituitary cell cultures from rats of different ages

Laboratory of Biological Research into Hormonal Compounds, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, All-Union Endocrinologic Research Center, Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow. (Presented by Academician Yu. A. Pankov, Academy of Medical Sciences.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 4, pp. 402–404, April, 1992.     

Thymectomy and splenectomy in adult mice do not affect suppressor activity of T lymphocytes specific for antigens of the H-2 complex

Laboratory of Mechanisms of Regulation of Immunity, Research Institute of Carcinogenesis, All-Union Oncologic Scientific Center, Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow. (Presented by Academician N. N. Trapeznikov, Academy of Medical Sciences.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 4, pp. 392–395, April. 1992.     

Mechanism of disturbances of energy formation in acute ischemia of the liver

Respiration of rat liver mitochondria after the addition of ischemic toxin to the incubation medium was compared with respiration of mitochondria isolated from ischemic rat liver. The changes in respiration in both cases could be prevented by preliminary addition of dithiothreitol and reduced by subsequent addition of cytochrome c or dithiothreitol to the incubation medium. The similarity between the mechanisms of disturbance of energy formation is postulated.Laboratory of Transplantation of Organs and Tissues, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. V. Kovanov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 9, pp. 301–303, September, 1977.     

Myocardial protection by pantothenic acid derivatives in heart model with experimental ischemia and reperfusion

Laboratory of Functional Biochemistry of the Myocardium, Latvian Medical Academy, Riga. (Presented by Academician S. E. Severin, Academy of Medical Sciences.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 4, pp. 373–375, April, 1992.     

Serum antibodies against heart valve fibroblasts in patients with rheumatic fever

Antibodies reacting in immunofluorescence tests with human and bovine heart valve fibroblasts were isolated from the serum of patients with rheumatic fever by means of an immunosorbent prepared from human heart valve tissues. The antibodies did not react with fibroblasts of the interstitial connective tissue of the myocardium. Fibroblasts of the myocardium and valves are evidently antigenically different, whereas fibroblasts of human and bovine heart valves have common antigens.Laboratory of Streptococcal Infections, N. F. Gamaleya Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. Institute of Rheumatism, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR O. V. Baroyan.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 3, pp. 315–317 March, 1977.     

Effect of amiridine and tacrine,drugs effective in Alzheimer's disease,on synaptosomal neurotransmitter uptake

All-Union Research Centers for Safety of Biologically Active Substances. (Presented by Academician I. P. Ashmarin, Academy of Medical Sciences.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 4, pp. 379–381, April, 1992,     

Orientation of nonspherical cells in blood flowing through a vessel

Photometric experiments on model blood vessels showed that nonspherical blood cells are oriented in the flow with their short axes along the radius of the vessel.All-Union Cardiological Scientific Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR E. I. Chazov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 86, No. 11, pp. 631–632, November, 1978.     

Detection of reserpine-like substances in the myocardium of animls and man

Substances similar in some of their physicochemical properties to reserpine were found in the myocardium of animals and man. The tissues of the myocardium were shown to synthesize these substances from formate and tryptophan.Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, All-Union Cardiological Science Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. Instite, of Cosmic Research, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR E. I. Chazov). Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi, Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 7, pp. 35–38, July, 1977.     

A rapid method of inducing amyloidosis in mice

A new modification of the casein model of amyloidosis in mice is suggested, whereby the time for development of amyloidosis is reduced to 5–10 days.Laboratory of General Pathological Anatomy, Institute of Human Morphology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. P. Avtsyn.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 85, No. 5, pp. 634–635, May, 1978.     

Electron-microscopic study of the mouse myocardium in experimental Coxsackie A13 virus infection

Diffuse degenerative-proliferative myocarditis is described in adult BALB/c mice infected with Coxsackie A13 virus. A marked tendency was observed for sclerotic processes to develop 30–60 days after infection; this may lie at the basis of the reduced functional activity of the myocardium and may lead to the development of cardiomyopathy.Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. Novosibirsk Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. P. Kaznacheev.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 4, pp. 489–491, April, 1977.     

Geometric complementation of the primary molecular structures of histones H2A,H2B,H3, and H4 and some possible consquences of this phenomenon

Conformity between the geometries of arrangement of extended sequences of basic and nonpositively-charged amino acids along the polypeptide chains of histone H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 molecules, forming the protein skeleton of the nucleosomes, discovered for the first time, are described in this paper. The number of histone packing variants in the tetramer satisfying the conditions of complementation discovered is 10⁴, and in a histone octamer 10⁸ respectively. It is postulated that the structural heterogeneity of the nucleosomes may have functional significance and that the choice of packing variant of their protein skeleton can take place by mechanisms of allosteric regulation or of the primary structure of that part of the DNA molecule which is a component of the nucleosome.Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Genetics, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR S. S. Debov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 86, No. 11, pp. 579–583, November, 1978.     

An instrument for quantitative analysis of total pulsed activity

The scheme and principle of operation are given of an instrument which analyzes the total electrical activity of nerves and which works on the frequency meter principle; the instrument incorporates integral elements, its circuit is simple, and its characteristics linear.P. K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. Institute for Problems in Information Transmission, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. V. Zakusov.) Translated from Byulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 85, No. 5, pp. 631–632, May, 1978.     

β-Mannosidase of human trophoblast and skin fibroblasts

Institute of Biological and Medical Chemistry, Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow. (Presented by Academician A. I. Archakov, Academy of Medical Sciences.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 4, pp. 371–372, April, 1992.     

Effect of cultivation temperature on blast transformation of lymphocytes from people of different ages

The effect of the cultivation temperature on blast transformation of lymphocytes from persons aged 20–35 and 90–102 years induced by phytohemagglutinin was studied. Cultivation at 39°C was found to increase, but at 41°C to reduce sharply the index of blast transformation compared with the control (37°C). The effect of cultivation temperature on the blast-transformation process has certain features which depend on the donors' age.Institute of Gerontology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Kiev. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR D. F. Chebotarev.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 4, pp. 470–472, April, 1977.     

Investigation of the effect of certain chlorinated hydrocarbons on the composition of the hepatocyte population of the rat liver

Hepatocytes in the liver of albino rats poisoned by inhalation of dichloropropane and trichloropropane were investigated cytophotometrically and karyometrically. With respect to the effect on polyploidization of the hepatocyte nuclei trichloropropane was found to be more toxic than dichloropropane. The development of polyploidization is determined by the dose of the toxic agent and the exposure to it: The smaller the dose the shorter the time required for the effect to take place.Laboratory of Morphology, A. N. Sysin Institute of General and Communal Hygiene, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. Laboratory of Cytology, N. K. Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. M. Chernukh.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 3, pp. 345–348, March, 1977.     

Preparation of paraffin sections for immunofluorescence analysis of antigens differing in their chemical nature

A technique is suggested for preparing paraffin sections from tissues fixed with acetone which can be used for the immunohistochemical detection of antigens which differ in their chemical nature, including -fetoprotein, antigens of mouse leukemia viruses, alcohol-soluble antigens of hepatocyte membranes, and certain phospholipids.Laboratory of Immunochemistry and Diagnosis of Tumors, N. F. Gamaleya Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, N. N. Burdenko Institute of Neurosurgery, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR G. V. Vygodchikov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 82, No. 8, pp. 1018–1020, August, 1976.     

Some kinetic features of membrane-bound monoamine oxidase

Initial reaction-velocity versus substrate-concentration curves for serotonin oxidation catalyzed by monoamine oxidase (MAO) from fragments of rat liver or bovine brain mitochondrial membranes have a complex, nonhyperbolic shape; this is regarded as a kinetic manifestation of substrate cooperativeness for membrane-bound MAO. The possibility of interaction between different types of MAO based on conformational changes in the membrane itself is discussed.Scientific-Research Institute for Biological Trials of Chemical Compounds, Ministry of the Medical Industry of the USSR. Institute of Biological Medical Chemistry, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. All-Union Vitamin Scientific-Research Institute, Ministry of the Medical Industry of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. N. Orekhovich.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 3, pp. 288–289, March, 1977.