The consequences of continuous haemofiltration on lung mechanics and extravascular lung water in a porcine endotoxic shock model

Endotoxinaemia (E. coli endotoxin, 0.111.B4) and pulmonary hypertension were evoked in 20 swine, randomly assigned to receive either zero-balanced venovenous haemofiltration (HF) with an ultrafiltration and replacement rate of 600 ml/h (HF group,n=10) or to undergo an uninfluenced spontaneous course (E group,n=10) during a constant infusion of endotoxin until the end of the experiment. Endotoxin-induced pulmonary dysfunction was assessed on the basis of extravascular lung water (EVLW) using a thermo-dye technique via a fiberoptic intra-aortic probe, gas exchange and lung mechanics, the latter derived by a pressure-volume loop (P/V loop) of the respiratory system (super syringe, flow 30 ml/s, tidal volume 600 ml). A comparable increase in alveolo-arterial oxygen difference and a constant EVLW was observed in both groups. The progessive deterioration of hysteresis area and compliance parameters by endotoxinaemia was significantly blunted by HF. Independent of an impact on pulmonary oedema zero-balanced HF modifies endotoxin induced lung injury, probably by the convectice transport of mediator substances.     

Solute mass balance during isovolaemic high volume haemofiltration

Objective To evaluate the effect of changing the amount of pre-dilution replacement fluid on the sieving coefficient (SC) and mass transfer of small solutes during isovolaemic high-volume haemofiltration (HVHF).Design and setting Prospective interventional study in the intensive care unit of a tertiary university hospital.Patients Eight patients with septic shock.Interventions Isovolaemic HVHF (6 l/h of replacement fluid) was performed. The proportion of replacement fluid delivered in pre-filter was altered to progressively decrease it from 6 to 0 l/h. Samples were simultaneously taken from the "pre-filter", "post-filter" and ultrafiltrate (UF) sampling ports.Measurements and results Sodium, potassium, chloride, total calcium, total magnesium, phosphate, total CO₂, urea, creatinine and glucose concentrations were measured in each sample. The sieving coefficients of chloride, total CO₂, phosphate, urea and glucose were higher than 1 in most pre-dilution states. The sieving coefficients of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, total CO₂ and urea decreased significantly with decreasing pre-dilution fluid rate. The sieving coefficients of chloride and glucose increased with decreasing pre-dilution fluid rate. There was a significant mass gain of sodium and glucose under all pre-dilution conditions. Mass chloride gains decreased with decreasing pre-dilution rates and changed into chloride loss during 6 l/h of post-dilution. Decreasing pre-dilution improved urea and creatinine mass removal.Conclusions Small solute SC and mass transfer during isovolaemic HVHF are significantly affected by the proportion of replacement fluid administered pre-filter. Isovolaemic HVHF is neither isonatraemic nor isochloraemic.     

连续性血液净化对感染性休克患者血流动力学及氧合指数的影响

目的观察连续性血液净化(CBP)对感染性休克患者血流动力学及氧合指数的影响。方法我科确诊的25例感染性休克患者行CBP治疗及脉搏波形心排量监测(PICCO)72小时,治疗前和治疗后1、2、6、12、24、48、72小时分别测量持续心排量指数(CCI),外周血管阻力指数(SVRI)等血流动力学参数,同时检测动脉血气分析计算氧合指数,记录心率(HR)、有创平均动脉压(MAP)及去甲肾上腺素(NA)剂量的变化。结果治疗前、后血流动力学指标MAP、CCI、SVRI及氧合指数(OI,PaO2/FiO2)均有明显的改善(P0.05),在48及72小时改善尤为明显(P0.01),同时伴随去甲肾上腺素剂量的下降。结论 CBP可改善感染性休克患者血流动力学参数及氧合指数。     

早期连续血液滤过对脓毒性休克肺循环通透性的影响

目的 探讨早期连续血液滤过(continuous veno-venous hemofiltration,CVVH)对脓毒性休克肺循环通透性的影响.方法 选取浙江省立同德医院重症医学科2010年6月至2011年12月确诊脓毒性休克患者51例,随机(随机数字法)分为:常规治疗组(A组,27例),CVVH治疗组(B组,24例),B组在A组的治疗基础上完成72 h CVVH,比较两组治疗前后气道平台压(Pplat)、肺顺应性(Cst)、氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)、血管外肺水指数(extravascular lung water index,EVLWI)及E-选择素的变化.结果 ①治疗后两组患者Pplat均呈下降趋势,在48、72 h同时间点比较B组低于A组(t =2.215,P＜0.05;t=4.266,P＜0.01);Cst在治疗后呈上升趋势,48、72 h比较B组高于A组(=2.516,P＜0.05;=3.052,P＜0.01).②治疗后两组患者PaO2/FiO2均呈上升趋势,48、72hB组高于A组(t=2.732,P＜0.01; =3.511,P＜0.01).③治疗后两组患者EVLWI均呈下降趋势,48、72 h同时间点B组低于A组(t=2.597,P＜0.05;t =2.125,P＜0.05).治疗后ITBVI、CI、SVRI及MAP组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).④治疗后两组患者E-选择素均呈下降趋势,48、72 h同时间点B组低于A组(t=2.154,P＜0.05;t =3.581,P＜0.01).结论 早期CVVH治疗能改善脓毒性休克患者的肺血管通透性,减少EVLWI,改善肺氧合功能和肺顺应性,对血流动力学无影响.     

Peripheral vascular resistance in septic shock: its relation to outcome

To support the concept that patients who die of septic shock have a persistent defect in peripheral vascular tone irrespective of cardiac index (CI), a retrospective study was undertaken of 42 patients with documented septic shock. From the patient records, the single lowest CI (t=2) measured after initial values (t=1) with concomitantly obtained haemodynamic and metabolic variables was taken. Group 1 consisted of 21 survivors and group 2 of 21 patients, who had died in shock. Initial haemodynamic and metabolic variables were comparable between the groups, reflecting shock with a hyperdynamic circulation and lactic acidemia. At t=2, median CI measured 3.21·min^-1·m^-2 in both groups, but mean arterial pressure (MAP) and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) were higher in group 1 than 2 (p<0.0005). Changes in arterial blood lactate levels also differed significantly. The rankcorrelation between CI and SVRI at t=2 was significant in group 1 (r _s=-0.69, p<0.005) but not in group 2 (r _s=-0.34). Our data suggest that when CI decreases in septic shock, patients with a fatal outcome have less capability to augment vascular resistance than survivors. Hence, peripheral vascular failure, even if complicated by inability to maintain an elevated CI, may be a major haemodynamic determinant of mortality in septic shock.     

Adrenaline in treatment of septic shock: Effects on haemodynamics and oxygen transport

The effects of adrenaline on haemodynamics and oxygen transport were studied in 13 patients with septic shock persisting after optimal fluid loading. adrenaline was administered by intravenous infusion at an increasing dose until no further benefit was seen. There were significant increases in mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, left ventricular stroke work index and oxygen delivery index. There was no significant change in oxygen consumption although the trend was towards an increase. There was a significant reduction in oxygen extraction ratio, but no change in shunt fraction. Adrenaline would appear to have beneficial haemodynamic effects in septic shock.     

不同容量血液滤过对内毒素休克羊心肺损伤的早期干预研究

目的观察不同容量连续性静-静脉血液滤过(CVVH、HVHF)对内毒素休克早期心、肺损伤及血液动力学的影响。方法利用大肠杆菌内毒素(L-2880)诱导绵羊内毒素休克模型,随机分为对照组(A组)、常规容量组(B组)、高容量血滤组(C组),观察CVVH、HVHF对内毒素休克羊血液动力学,氧合及心、肺组织病理的影响。结果两治疗组血滤治疗后平均动脉压(MAP)、每搏输出量(SV)、体循环阻力指数(SVRI)、左室每搏做功指数(LVSWI)明显上升,心率显著性下降;两治疗组间比较差异无统计学意义。C组平均肺动脉压(MPAP)在T5~T6较B组显著降低,治疗结束时两治疗组肺循环阻力指数(PVRI)显著低于A组(P<0.05);B组在T6、C组在T5~T6氧合指数较治疗前和对照组显著升高。A组可见心肌充血水肿严重、心肌细胞变性、横纹不清;肺实变及代偿性肺气肿明显,并可见透明膜形成。B、C两组均可见心肌胞浆呈颗粒状、横纹不清及轻度肺实变及灶性充血。结论血液滤过可明显改善内毒素休克的血液动力学及心肌损伤程度,超滤率40 mL.kg-1.h-1与超滤率100 mL.kg-1.h-1的血液滤过治疗效果差异不明显,两治疗组均可显著改善氧合功能、减轻肺损伤。     

胸腔内血容量指数在感染性休克患者液体管理中的应用

目的 探讨胸腔内血容量指数(ITBVI)在感染性休克患者液体管理中的应用价值.方法 采用前瞻性临床观察研究方法,将入住重症监护病房(ICU)的33例感染性休克患者分为两组.ITBVI组17例患者接受脉搏指示连续心排血量(PiCCO)监测,以ITBVI作为液体管理的指导指标;对照组16例患者以中心静脉压(CVP)作为液体管理的指导指标.对比两组患者治疗1 d和3 d时的急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统I(APACHE I)评分、感染相关器官功能衰竭评分系统(SOFA)评分、血管活性药物评分,以及补液72 h内两组患者的液体管理数据.结果 ①ITBVI组3 d时APACHE I、SOFA和血管活性药物评分(分)均较1 d时显著下降[21.3±6.2比25.4±7.2,6.1±3.4比9.0±3.5,5.0(0,8.0)比20.0(8.0,35.0),均P＜0.01];而对照组则均无显著变化.②虽然ITBVI组48～72 h液体出量(ml)大于对照组(2 421±868比1 721±934,P=0.039),但ITBVI组与对照组0～72 h的液体出入量和平衡量(ml)比较差异均无统计学意义(入量:9 918±137比10 529±1 331,出量:6 035±1 739比5 827±2 897,平衡量:3 882±1 889比4 703±2 813,均P＞0.05).③在快速补液试验中,ITBVI组与对照组患者除0～6 h胶体液入量[ml:250(125,500)比250(69,250)]差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)外,其余时段液体入量(ml)ITBVI组均比对照组高[0～6 h晶体液:250(150,250)比125(105,125),6～72 h晶体液:125(125,250)比100(56,125),0～72 h晶体液:250(125,250)比125(75,125),6～72 h胶体液:125(106,250)比75(50,125),0～72 h胶体液:200(125,250)比100(50,125),均P＜0.01].结论 与以CVP指导相比,用ITBVI指导感染性休克患者的液体管理显示,3 d时患者病情较1 d改善,这种改善可能得益于对血容量状态的准确判断和适当的快速补液速度.     

Influence of pentoxifylline on cytokine levels and inflammatory parameters in septic shock

Objective To evaluate the influence of pentoxifylline (PTX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on cytokines and inflammatory proteins in patients suffering from septic shock.Design Prospective study comparing a therapy group to a matched control group.Setting Medical intensive care unit at a university hospital.Patients Twenty four patients fulfilling the criteria of septic shock were included in this study. Twelve patients received PTX (therapy group) and 12 patients matched for diagnosis, age and gender served as the control group.Interventions Pentoxifylline at 1 mg/kg per hour over 24 h in the therapy group.Measurements ad results Cytokine levels [tumor necrosis factor- (TNF)], soluble TNF receptor [TNF-R], and interleukin-6 [IL-6] and inflammatory proteins [C-reactive protein, -1-antitrypsin (AAT), fibronectin, and haptoglobin], as well as hemodynamic parameters and the APACHE III score were evaluated before initiation of therapy and 24 h later. After 24 h, TNF levels were significantly lower in the therapy group (p=0.013), while IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the therapy group (p=0.030). Within the 24 h TNF declined significantly in the therapy group (p=0.006), while IL-6 showed a significant increase (p=0.043). AAT and the APACHE III score tended to differ significantly after 24 h between the groups [AAT levels higher in the therapy group (p=0.05), APACHE III score lower (p=0.05)]. In the therapy group, the systemic vascular resistance index was significantly higher after 24 h (p=0.0026) whereas the cardiac index declined (p=0.035).Conclusions PTX does influence TNF levels in septic shock patients. Nevertheless, inhibiting a single mediator in severe septic shock cannot stop the inflammatory overreaction.     

连续性血液滤过救治脓毒性休克的临床评价

目的探讨连续性静脉—静脉血液滤过(CVVH)治疗脓毒性休克的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析76例严重脓毒症伴脓毒性休克患者,分为两组,常规综合治疗组32例,采用快速而充分的液体复苏、血管活性药物改善脏器灌注、早期肠道营养保护肠黏膜屏障等综合治疗;综合治疗 CVVH组44例,在常规综合治疗基础上加CVVH治疗。分别观察两组患者治疗前后APACHEⅡ评分、中心静脉压(CVP)、平均动脉压(MAP)、静脉血氧饱和度(SvO2)、氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)、血乳酸水平的变化。结果44例脓毒性休克患者加用CVVH治疗后,APACHEⅡ评分、CVP、MAP、SvO2、PaO2/FiO2、血乳酸水平以及有效治愈率和死亡率与常规综合治疗组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0·05)。结论在常规综合治疗的基础上加用连续性血液滤过治疗脓毒性休克,能有效清除患者致炎介质和毒素,维持内环境稳定,改善氧合功能,补充营养,提高抢救成功率。     

Effects of terlipressin on systemic and regional haemodynamics in catecholamine-treated hyperkinetic septic shock

Objectives To determine the effects of an intravenous bolus dose of a vasopressin analogue, terlipressin (1 mg), on systemic haemodynamic parameters and gastric mucosal perfusion (GMP) in patients with catecholamine-treated septic shock using a gastric tonometry and laser-Doppler flowmetry technique.Design Prospective open label study.Settings Two multidisciplinary intensive care units.Patients Fifteen patients with norepinephrine-treated septic shock.Interventions Every patient with mean arterial pressure between 50 and 55 mmHg treated with high dose norepinephrine received an intravenous bolus dose of terlipressin as last resort therapy. A laser-Doppler probe and tonometer were introduced into the gastric lumen.Measurements and main results Terlipressin produced a decrease in cardiac output (p<0.05), a progressive increase in mean arterial pressure (p<0.05) and in GMP, detected by laser-Doppler flowmetry (p<0.05) over 30 min and sustained for at least 24 h. The ratio of GMP to systemic oxygen delivery increased after terlipressin bolus dose (p<0.05). The gradient between gastric mucosal and arterial PCO₂ tended to be lower after terlipressin, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) after 8 h. Terlipressin administration significantly increased (p<0.05) urine output compared to baseline and higher values were found at each set of measurement. The terlipressin-induced increase in urine output was associated with a significantly increased creatinine clearance (p<0.05). Reduction of the high-dose norepinephrine was observed in all patients (p<0.05).Conclusions Our findings showed that, in patients with norepinephrine-treated septic shock, terlipressin increased GMP, urine output and creatinine clearance by an increase in mean arterial pressure.This study was funded by an independent research grant from the Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care of the University of Rome La Sapienza.     

Influence of continuous haemofiltration-related hypothermia on haemodynamic variables and gas exchange in septic patients

Objective To investigate the influence of continuous haemofiltration (CHF) on haemodynamics, gas exchange and core temperature in critically ill septic patients with acute renal failure.Patients and methods In 20 patients (17 male, 3 female) ultrafiltration rate, core temperature, gas exchange and haemodynamic variables were measured at regular intervals during the first 48 h of haemofiltration. Baseline data were compared to those obtained 30 min after initiating CHF and also to those during hypothermia (if observed).Main results Haemodynamic variables remained remarkably constant throughout the study period. In patients with a relatively low ultrafiltration rate (855±278 ml/h) temperature did not change, while in patients with a high ultrafiltration rate (1468±293 ml/h) core temperature significantly decreased from 37.6±0.9°C to 34.8±0.8°C (p<0.001). There was a statistically significant correlation between temperature decrease and ultrafiltration rate (r=–0.68, Y=1.8–0.003 X,p<0.01). Hypothermic patients also showed a mean decrease in VO₂ from 141±22 ml/min/m² to 112±22 ml/min/m² (p<0.01) with a concomitant increase in PaO₂ from 103±37 mmHg to 140±42 mmHg (p<0.001) and in P O₂ from 35±4 mmHg to 41±5 mmHg (p<0.001).Conclusions: 1) Continuous haemofiltration does not cause significant alternations in haemodynamic variables. 2) Hypothermia frequently occurs in patients undergoing continuous haemofiltration with high ultrafiltration rates. These hypothermic patients show a reduction in O₂ leading to an increase in P O₂ and PaO₂. This mild hypothermia in these circumstances has no evident deleterious effects.     

Hypocortisolaemia and adrenocortical responsiveness at onset of septic shock

Objective To characterise the plasma cortisol profile and adreno-cortial responsiveness (short Synacthen test) of patients in septic shock.Design Retrospective assessment using case-notes and ICU charts.Setting University teaching hospital ICU.Patients 68 septic shock patients with plasma cortisol and/or short Synacthen test measured at ICU-admission or onset of shock post ICU-admission. Patients were identified from a total population of 155 patients who had PCL and/or SST measured over a 4.5 year period.Intervention None.Measurements and results Patients with septic shock had a plasma cortisol ranging from 210–8900 nmol/l and mortality of 56%. There were 22 (32%) below (low) and 46 (68%) above (high) a critical plasma cortisol of 500 nmol/l. Using stepwise logistic regression, mortality was adequately predicted by and increased with, increasing plasma cortisol and onset of shock remote from ICU-admission. Short Synacthen tests were available in 33 patients: 11 responders (cortisol increment >200 nmol/l above baseline 30 min after 0.25 mg intravenous Synacthen) and 22 hypo-responders. Mortality in patients was adequately predicted by and increased with a decrease in cortisol increment post-Synacthen. Thirteen patients (plasma cortisol 606±[SD] 297 nmol/l) had complete haemodynamic profiles before inotropic therapy; no relationship was demonstrated between plasma cortisol and circulatory variables. Follow-up revealed no cases of Addison's disease.Conclusions In septic shock, hypocortisolaemia is not uncommon and does not predict a high mortality; adrenocortical hypo-responsiveness may be associated with poor outcome.     

高容量血液滤过对老年感染性休克患者血流动力学的影响

目的观察高容量血液滤过(HVHF)对老年感染性休克患者血流动力学的影响,初步判断其对临床预后的干预作用。方法确诊的22例老年感染性休克患者行HVHF治疗24h。治疗前和治疗后1、3、6、9、12、18和24h分别测量血流动力学参数和全身氧合指数,每4h观察血管活性药物(多巴胺)需要量的变化,用APACHEⅡ评分、MODS评分和28d死亡率评价临床预后。结果22例老年患者均完成HVHF治疗全过程,未发现相关不良的耐受副反应;治疗前、后APACHEⅡ评分分别为27·27±4·94、25·14±5·70(P<0·01,95%CI1·46~2·81),治疗前、后MODS评分分别为15·14±3·08、13·64±3·35,(P<0·01,95%CI1·17~1·83),28d时生存11例,病死率50%;治疗前、后血流动力学指标MAP、CI、SVRI及全身氧合指数均有明显的改善(P<0·01),在12h时改善更为明显(P<0·01),同时伴随多巴胺需要量的下降(P<0·01)。结论HVHF可以安全地用于老年感染性休克患者,有改善血流动力学及全身氧合的作用。     

容量治疗对腹部局部肿胀麻醉抽脂术循环的影响

目的探讨负压肿胀法腹部抽脂术中,容量治疗对患者血压心率的影响。方法将50例腹部单纯性脂肪堆积拟行局部肿胀麻醉下负压抽吸术的女性患者分为对照组(Ⅰ组)和试验组(Ⅱ组)各25例,Ⅰ组以5ml/(kg.h)输入林格氏液,Ⅱ组以12ml/(kg.h)输入林格氏液,观察患者在手术过程中血压(SBP/DBP)、心率(HR)的变化。结果两组患者术前SBP/DBP、HR比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。对照组在手术开始前、开始后1小时、手术结束时的(SBP/DBP)、心率(HR)比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。试验组在手术开始前、开始后1小时、手术结束时的SBP/DBP、HR比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。两组在术后1小时和手术结束时SBP/DBP、HR比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论采用局部肿胀麻醉下行腹部负压抽吸术给予适量的液体有助于循环稳定,可增加手术的安全性。     

Comparative haemodynamic effects of dopamine and dobutamine in septic shock

Septic shock associated with depressed myocardial function generally requires the use of catecholamine. Currently dopamine is often selected. Dobutamine is a newly developed catecholamine which has been shown to be of value in severe cardiomyopathic disease. The aim of this work was to determine the most appropriate drug by comparing haemodynamic responses to dopamine and dobutamine in 19 studies carried out in 11 patients with septic shock and heart failure. Cardiac index increased similarly with dopamine and dobutamine (33%), as did stroke volume (respectively 26.4 and 25%). Arterial pressure increased by 17% with dopamine whereas it did not significantly change with dobutamine due to reduction in vascular resistance of 19%. Dobutamine decreased filling pressure, either right (14%) or left (28%) whilst they slightly but unsignificantly increased with dopamine. Pulmonary shunting increased more with dopamine (47%) than with dobutamine (16%), but PaO₂ remained constant with both. Since septic shock is characterized by lowered arterial pressure and vasodilatation it is concluded that effects of dopamine on capacitance and resistance vessels make this drug more suitable. In addition it selectively increases renal blood flow. Nevertheless dobutamine could be appropriate, in case of very high filling pressures, severe peripheral vasoconstriction, marked pulmonary shunting and in some cases where dopamine becomes ineffective.     

脉搏指示连续心排血量监测在感染性休克早期液体复苏中的应用

目的 探讨脉搏指示连续心排血量(PICCO)监测技术在感染性休克患者液体复苏中的应用价值.方法 2010年1月至2011年12月58例感染性休克患者根据治疗过程中是否应用PICCO监测技术将患者分为PICCO组(28例)和对照组(30例),对比分析两组患者治疗后早期目标导向治疗的液体复苏(EGDT)达标率、乳酸水平、中心静脉压(CVP)、氧合指数,72 h内液体入量、液体平衡、ICU内呼吸机应用时间、ICU住院时间、ICU内72 h后多脏器功能不全(MODS)发生率、28 d病死率.结果 (1)与对照组比较,PICCO组72 h内总的液体入量[(9565±1623) ml与(12 245 ±2253)ml,t=2.673,P=0.021]及正平衡[(3656±1904) ml与(5465±2765) ml,t=2.357,P=0.012]较对照组明显减少.(2)PICCO组72 h氧合指数较对照组明显增高(252.6±87.4与226.8±69.4,P＜0.05),呼吸机应用时间较对照组明显缩短[(134.7±42.8)h与(193.3±92.4)h,t=1.356,P=0.023].(3)两组在相同时间段乳酸水平、CVP值、6 hEGDT达标率、ICU住院时间、72 h后ICU内MODS发生率、28 d病死率方面比较差异均无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).结论 与CVP指导的常规液体复苏相比,PICCO监测技术可以更准确地对感染性休克患者进行容量管理,指导早期液体复苏.     

Rescue therapy with terlipressin by continuous infusion in a child with catecholamine-resistant septic shock

A 2-month-old female infant presented with septic shock, refractory to high doses of catecholamines. Continuous infusion of terlipressin at a rate of 10 mcg/kgh produced a significant increase in the mean arterial pressure that was evident within half and hour, so allowing a reduction in the rate of catecholamine infusion. However, 18 h later, the blood pressure fell again and finally the patient died. This case shows the potential value of terlipressin infusion to restore normal mean arterial pressure in children with vasodilatory shock and hypotension refractory to catecholamines.     

连续性静-静脉血液滤过对内毒素休克羊血流动力学的影响

目的　探讨连续性静静脉血液滤过( CVVH)对内毒素休克血流动力学的影响及作用机制,并观察其对内毒素休克预后的影响。方法　利用大肠杆菌内毒素( L 2 880 )诱导绵羊内毒素休克模型,随机分为对照组( NHF)和治疗组( HF)两组,观察CVVH(零平衡,40 ml·kg-1·h-1超滤,血流速80 ml/ min)对内毒素休克羊血流动力学的影响。结果　内毒素注入后两组实验动物平均动脉压( MAP)明显下降;平均肺动脉压( MPAP)、心脏指数( CI)显著升高( P<0 .0 1或P<0 .0 5)。实施CVVH后,HF组MAP、每搏量( SV)明显上升,显著高于NHF组( P<0 .0 1或P<0 .0 5) ;HF组CI无明显变化,NHF组进行性下降并显著低于HF组( P<0 .0 5) ;两组MPAP差异无显著性( P>0 .0 5) ;血浆乳酸浓度NHF组明显高于HF组。5h后HF组全部存活,NHF组死亡2只。结论　应用大肠杆菌内毒素静脉注射可成功制备羊内毒素休克模型;CVVH具有改善内毒素休克血流动力学和预后的作用,是治疗内毒素休克的重要手段。