术前辅助放化疗治疗中晚期食管癌临床疗效分析

目的　探讨中晚期食管癌术前放化疗提高手术切除率及临床疗效。方法　将中晚期食管癌 5 5例患者随机分为术前放化疗组 (A组 ) ,单纯手术组 (B组 )。A组患者术前 1周应用盖诺 DDP方案化疗、4周DT 4 0Gy的病灶及区域淋巴结放疗 ,间隔 2周后手术 ,B组单纯手术治疗。结果　A组手术切除率及生存率与B组比较结果有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　术前放化疗在提高中晚期食管癌手术切除率及生存率等方面具有临床意义。     

Considerations of drug therapy in patients receiving enteral nutrition

Some basic principles to consider in giving medications to patients receiving enteral nutrition include: 1. If the patient is able to take medication by mouth, this is the preferred route. 2. Liquid medications are the preferred dosage form. 3. The use of oral medications that are not meant to be crushed for enteral tube administration should be avoided. 4. For individual doses of most medications, the tube should be flushed with at least 30 ml of water before and after administration of medications. 5. Highly concentrated solutions should be diluted with 60 ml of water. 6. When several medications are to be administered to the same patient, all medications should be delivered separately and the tube flushed with at least 5 ml of water after each dose. 7. Medications should not be added directly to the feeding formulation. 8. Drug-nutrient interactions should be considered. 9. GI side effects are the most common adverse effects that occur with enteral feedings, and treatment depends on the cause.     

小肝癌病人的术前护理

小肝癌病人的术前护理是病人顺利手术和康复的重要一环,做好肝癌病人的术前护理是每一个护理护士应尽的职责。本文从心理护理和临床护理两个方面介绍了肝癌病人的护理措施。     

直肠癌MRI诊断及术前分期的价值

目的:探讨直肠癌MRI影像特征及术前分期价值。方法:回顾性分析32例全部经术后病理证实直肠癌患者MR资料。总结MRI影像特征并将影像资料与术后病理结果对照分析。结果:11例直肠癌表现为肠腔内软组织肿块,21例表现肠壁环状和新月形增厚,肠腔不规则性狭窄。T1WI等或稍低信号,T2WI稍高信号,DWI高或明显高信号,增强呈显著强化。术前分期与病理符合率为84.4%。结论:MR检查技术对直肠癌诊断及术前分期具有重要价值。     

磁共振成像在子宫内膜癌术前评估中的价值

目的:探讨磁共振成像(MRI)在子宫内膜癌术前评估中的价值。方法:对65例初次治疗的子宫内膜癌患者术前行MRI检查,进行术前评估,并与术后手术-病理分期进行对照研究。结果:MRI诊断肿瘤肌层浸润深度的准确率为84.8%,MRI对肿瘤局限在子宫内膜和浅肌层浸润的诊断敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为83.3%、92.6%、90.9%和82.4%、87.5%、84.8%。MRI鉴别浅表浸润(Ⅰa+Ⅰb)与深肌层浸润(Ⅰc)的准确性为93.9%,对深肌层浸润的诊断敏感性、特异性分别为90%、95.6%。MRI对宫颈间质受累诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确率分别为86.7%、100%、96.9%;对宫颈管内膜受累诊断的敏感性仅为40%,特异性、准确率分别为96.7%、92.3%。MRI对判断淋巴结转移的敏感性、特异性、准确率分别为50%、96.5%、90.8%。结论:MRI在判断子宫内膜癌肌层浸润深度及宫颈间质侵犯,尤其是深肌层浸润方面具有较高的价值,而MRI诊断子宫颈内膜受累和淋巴结转移敏感性不高,但具有一定的预测价值。     

术前同步放化疗在晚期宫颈癌中的临床疗效评价

目的：研究术前同步放化疗在晚期宫颈癌中的临床疗效。方法：将晚期宫颈癌患者70例随机分为给予奈达铂同步放化疗的观察组和顺铂同步放化疗的对照组,每组35例;观察两组患者化疗后的TNM分期、化疗过程中的不良反应例数及远期生存情况。结果：观察组的TNM分期低于对照组;观察组患者发生厌食、恶心呕吐、白细胞减少、血小板减少、血肌酐升高、ALT升高和肺毒性的例数均少于对照组。术后1年、2年和3年的生存率分别为91.4%、82.8%和74.3%,均高于对照组。结论：以奈达铂为基础的同步放化疗能够更为有效的降低肿瘤分期、减少不良反应以及提高存活率具有积极的应用价值。