儿童甲型H1N1流感胸部X线表现

目的 分析儿童甲型H1N1流感患者胸部X线表现特点.方法 回顾性分析67例确诊甲型H1N1流感患儿胸部X线表现,所有患儿于症状出现后3～8 d行仰卧位胸部X线摄片,并对患儿行X线随访.结果 53例甲型H1N1流感患儿病灶分布于肺部双侧,呈多发病灶;7例分布于单侧;7例X线表现正常;42例X线表现为两肺下野斑片状影,10例病灶有融合;7例患儿表现为大叶性肺炎,随访发现1例出现局灶性肺间质增生;11例患儿表现为两肺弥漫性大片状实变影,随访均可见肺间质增生.结论 儿童甲型H1N1流感胸部X线多表现为两肺下野斑片状阴影,其次为两肺弥漫大片状实变影;后者随访可见原病变处有肺间质增生.

Abstract：

Objective To assess the chest X-ray radiographic findings in children with influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. Methods The chest X-ray radiographies in 67 children with influenza A(H1N1) virus infection were reviewed in this study. The chest radiographies were obtained 3-8 days after the onset of symptoms and for the follow-up. Results The abnormalities were bilateral in 53 patients and unilateral in 7 patients. The predominant radiographic findings were bilateral patchy consolidation (n=42) with rapid confluence in 10 patients, lobular consolidation (n=7) with interstitial hyperplasia in 1 patient 3 month later, diffuse consolidation (n=11) with interstitial hyperplasia in all patients after 3 month. ConclusionThe predominant chest X-ray radiographic findings are bilateral patchy consolidation and diffuse consolidation with interstitial hyperplasia afterward.     

甲型H1N1流感肺炎治疗后转归CT影像表现

目的:观察甲型H1N1流感肺炎治疗前后影像变化,探讨其转归影像表现。方法:回顾性分析25例甲型H1N1流感并发肺炎患者临床及治疗前后影像资料,其中男18例,女7例。结果:轻症12例,病变仅限于1个肺叶内,表现为片状磨玻璃密度影,临床以流感样症状为主,治疗后9例完全吸收,3例基本吸收。重症6例,病变累及单侧2个或双侧2个肺叶的片状阴影,以肺实变为主,临床表现为重症肺炎,治疗后1例炎症基本吸收,2例部分肺叶病变基本吸收,部分肺叶病变吸收后残留间质增生及纤维化,另3例炎症吸收后残留间质增生及纤维化。危重症7例,表现为双肺广泛分布的大片状实变影和/(或)磨玻璃密度影,临床表现为病情危重,治疗过程中3例病情存在反复,无明显吸收;4例治疗后炎症部分吸收并残留间质增生及纤维化。结论:甲型H1N1流感肺炎以磨玻璃密度影及斑片状阴影为主,影像表现多样,治疗后轻症者多完全吸收,重症及危重症者多残留间质增生及纤维化。     

Adenovirus pneumonia in adults: radiographic and high-resolution CT findings in five patients

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the radiographic and high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings of adenovirus pneumonia in five patients. CONCLUSION: Adenovirus pneumonia in adults appears as bilateral patchy parenchymal opacities on chest radiographs and as bilateral ground-glass opacities with a random distribution with or without consolidation on HRCT images. These findings, however, are not specific for adenovirus pneumonia.     

Cytomegalovirus Pneumonia: High-Resolution CT Findings in Ten Non-AIDS Immunocompromised Patients

Objective

To describe the HRCT findings of cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia in non-AIDS immunocompromised patients.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective study involved the ten all non-AIDS immunocompromised patients with biopsy-proven CMV pneumonia and without other pulmonary infection encountered at our Medical Center between January 1997 and May 1999. HRCT scans were retrospectively analysed by two chest radiologists and decisions regarding the findings were reached by consensus.

Results

The most frequent CT pattern was ground-glass opacity, seen in all patients, with bilateral patchy (n = 8) and diffuse (n = 2) distribution. Other findings included poorly-defined small nodules (n = 9) and consolidation (n = 7). There was no zonal predominance. The small nodules, bilateral in eight cases and unilateral in one, were all located in the centrilobular region. Consolidation (n = 7), with patchy distribution, was bilateral in five of seven patients (71%). Pleural effusion and bilateral areas of thickened interlobular septa were seen in six patients (60%).

Conclusion

CMV pneumonia in non-AIDS immunocompromised patients appears on HRCT scans as bilateral mixed areas of ground-glass opacity, poorly-defined centrilobular small nodules, and consolidation. Interlobular septal thickening and pleural effusion are frequently associated.     

重症及危重症甲型H1N1流感肺炎的影像表现

目的 探讨重症及危重症甲型H1N1流感病毒肺部感染的胸部影像表现.方法 回顾性分析18例甲型H1N1流感并发肺炎患者的临床及影像资料,将其分为重症组(11例)及危重症组(7例),所有患者均经胸部X线检查,其中2例行CT检查.结果 重症组11例,8例X线表现为双侧肺野中内带分布的、边缘模糊的小斑片和结节状阴影,3例X线表现为局灶性边缘模糊的片状阴影,其中1例胸部CT表现为右下肺大片实变影.危重症组7例,4例X线表现为双肺弥漫分布的磨玻璃密度阴影伴部分实变,其中1例出现胸颈部皮下气肿,1例胸部CT表现为双肺广泛分布的、沿支气管走行的斑片状磨玻璃密度影,双下肺结节状实变病灶和胸腔积液;其他3例表现为双侧肺野内大范围实变影.结论 甲型H1N1流感肺炎的影像表现包括重症患者肺内的结节样和斑片状阴影,危重患者肺内弥漫的支气管周围分布的磨玻璃密度灶和多灶性实变.     

Squalene-induced extrinsic lipoid pneumonia: serial radiologic findings in nine patients.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to demonstrate the initial and follow-up radiologic findings of squalene-induced extrinsic lipoid pneumonia. METHOD: Follow-up chest radiographs (n = 9) and high-resolution CT scans (n = 3) as well as initial radiographs (n = 9) and CT scans (n = 8) were obtained in nine patients with squalene-induced extrinsic lipoid pneumonia. The serial radiologic findings were analyzed retrospectively by three chest radiologists, focusing on the pattern and distribution of parenchymal abnormalities. RESULTS: The most frequent pattern of parenchymal abnormalities on chest radiograph was areas of ground-glass opacity (n = 9, bilateral 6), followed by consolidation (n = 7, bilateral 3) and poorly defined small nodules (n = 4, bilateral 2). The abnormalities were distributed in the right lower lung (n = 9), left lower lung (n = 6), and right middle lung (n = 6) zones. Initial CT scans (n = 8) demonstrated bilateral areas of ground-glass attenuation (n = 8), poorly defined centrilobular nodules (n = 8), crazy paving (n = 6), and consolidation (n = 3). The abnormalities were distributed in the right middle lobe (n = 8) and in both lower lobes (n = 5). Follow-up chest radiograph (n = 9) showed complete disappearance (n = 2) and decrease (n = 7) in the extent of the parenchymal abnormalities. Follow-up CT scans (n = 3) demonstrated decrease (n = 2) and no change (n = 1) in the extent of the abnormalities. CONCLUSION: Squalene-induced extrinsic lipoid pneumonia most commonly appears as areas of ground-glass attenuation mixed with poorly defined centrilobular nodules and crazy paving on CT, being distributed mainly in the right middle and both lower lobes. The lesions are indolent and remain after cessation of squalene ingestion.     

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia: CT features in 14 patients

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia is a disease characterized by the presence of granulation tissue within small airways and the presence of areas of organizing pneumonia. We retrospectively reviewed the chest radiographs, CT scans, and biopsy specimens in 14 consecutive patients with proved bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. Six patients were immunocompromised because of leukemia or bone-marrow transplantation. In all patients, 10-mm collimation CT scans were available. In 11 of the 14 patients, select 1.5-mm scans were obtained. The CT findings included patchy unilateral (n = 1) or bilateral air-space consolidation (n = 9), small nodular opacities (n = 7), irregular linear opacities (n = 2), bronchial wall thickening and dilatation (n = 6), and small pleural effusions (n = 4). All patients had areas of air-space consolidation, small nodules, or both. A predominantly subpleural distribution of the air-space consolidation was apparent on the radiographs of two patients and on CT scans of six. Pathologically, the nodules and the consolidation represented different degrees of inflammation in bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli. Although most of the findings were apparent on the radiographs, the CT scans depicted the anatomic distribution and extent of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia more accurately than did the plain chest radiographs.     

High-resolution CT findings of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia after bone marrow transplantation

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the high-resolution CT findings of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in 20 patients who had undergone allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 20 consecutive patients who developed respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia after bone marrow transplantation and who had high-resolution CT of the chest performed within 24 hr after the onset of symptoms. The CT scans were reviewed by two chest radiologists who assessed the pattern and distribution of findings. RESULTS: Bone marrow transplantation was performed on 12 male and eight female patients ranging from 3 to 48 years old (mean age, 25 years) for treatment of various forms of leukemia (n = 12), severe aplastic anemia (n = 6), Fanconi's syndrome (n = 1), and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (n = 1). Sixteen patients (80%) had abnormal CT findings. The predominant patterns of abnormality on high-resolution CT scans were small centrilobular nodules (10/20, 50%), air-space consolidation (7/20, 35%), ground-glass opacities (6/20, 30%), and bronchial wall thickening (6/20, 30%). The abnormalities were distributed in the central and peripheral areas of the lungs in nine cases, only in the periphery in five cases, and only in the central regions in two cases. The abnormalities were bilateral and asymmetric in distribution in 13 patients, bilateral and symmetric in two patients, and unilateral in one patient. CONCLUSION: The most common high-resolution CT findings in patients with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia after bone marrow transplantation consist of small centrilobular nodules and multifocal areas of consolidation and ground-glass opacities in a bilateral asymmetric distribution.     

小儿支原体肺炎54例胸部CT影像分析

目的分析总结小儿肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)胸部CT影像学特点。方法回顾性分析本院儿科2010年9月—2011年2月间明确诊断的54例MPP患儿的临床资料及胸部CT。结果胸部CT显示病变部位:单侧者39例(72.22%),双侧者15例(27.78%);单侧中右侧者20例(51.28%),左侧者19例(48.72%);多个叶段受累30例(55.56%)多于单个叶段受累24例(44.44%),各受累叶段分布情况为:右下叶18例(33.33%),左下叶15例(27.78%),左上叶11例(20.37%),右上叶7例(12.96%),右中叶7例(12.96%),左中叶2例(3.70%);病变性质显示为大片实变影31例(57.41%),斑点状及斑片状实变影22例(40.74%),云絮状或磨玻璃样或网格样密度增高影各1例(1.85%),双肺散在斑片影7例(12.96%),其中非单个叶段受累者大片实变与斑点状及斑片状实变多同时存在。其他病变还有胸腔积液14例(25.93%),肺门淋巴结肿大7例(12.96%),肺不张7例(12.96%),心包积液1例(1.85%)。婴幼儿MMP胸部CT以散在斑片影为主,年幼儿以斑点状及斑片状实变影为主,年长儿则多表现为大片实变影。结论小儿MPP单侧病变多于双侧,右肺病变多于左肺,大片实变影最多,其次为斑点及斑片状实变影,也可见双肺散在斑片影。其影像学特点与年龄有关。胸部CT影像学特点有助于婴幼儿及年幼儿MPP的诊断及儿童MPP的早期诊断。     

艾滋病合并马红球菌肺炎的胸部影像表现

目的 探讨艾滋病合并马红球菌肺炎的胸部影像表现.方法 回顾性分析3例艾滋病合并马红球菌肺炎的胸部影像表现.结果 3例X线胸片均可见斑片状渗出实变和小结节,见大面积实变及空洞2例.CT显示大面积(叶、段分布)实变及多发空洞、斑片状渗出实变、小叶中心结节和树芽征各2例,支气管扩张1例.结论 肺浸润实变伴空洞及散发结节是艾滋病合并马红球菌肺炎的常见胸部影像表现.

Abstract：

Objective To study the imaging appearances of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in three patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS). Methods Thoracic imaging appearances of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in three patients with AIDS were retrospectively analyzed. Results The chest radiograph showed patchy consolidations and small nodules ( n = 3 ), large consolidations with multiple cavitations ( n = 2). CT showed large lobar or segmental consolidations with multiple cavitations (n=2),patchy consolidations (n=2), bronchiectasis (n=1), multiple small centrilobular nodules ( n = 2) and tree-in-bud patterns (n = 2). Conclusion The most common radiological findings in AIDS patients with Rhodococcus equi pulmonary infection are large consolidations with multiple cavitations and multiple centrilobular nodules.     

Legionnaire's pneumonia: Is there really an interstitial disease?

OBJECTIVE: Legionella pneumonia is usually classified as "atypical pneumonia", which suggests a predominance of interstitial patterns in chest X-rays. Based on a selection of recent clinical cases and a brief review of the literature, the aim of the study is to clarify, how far the actual radiological findings would be consistent with these expectations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 18 epidemic personal cases and a review of the literature data were performed to describe the chest X-ray findings of Legionella pneumophila (LP) community acquired pneumonia. X-ray review was performed simultaneously and in consensus by two radiologists (J.P.T., E.C.) and a physician (C.G.). RESULTS: From our series, 17 patients had an abnormal chest X-ray on admission. Among these pathological X-ray cases, infiltrates were more often confluent (n=16), or patchy (n=7), rather than interstitial (n=1). Fifteen patients had infiltrates involving the lower lung fields. Bilateral distribution of abnormalities and pleural effusion were each observed in three cases. Radiological findings deteriorated between the second and seventh days following admission, particularly in the form of patchy infiltrates with pleural effusion. The review of the literature is consistent with these findings, by reporting prevalent confluent or patchy infiltrates. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are consistent with the physiopathological particularity of this affection and incite us to avoid the classification "atypical pneumonia" in radiologic terminology. This term is more appropriate for clinical and microbiological use.     

Q fever pneumonia: CT findings

PURPOSE: To evaluate the computed tomographic (CT) features of Q fever pneumonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed the chest radiographs and CT scans obtained in 12 patients, who were selected on the basis of chest CT availability from a group of patients with a definite diagnosis of acute Q fever infection during an 8.5-year period. RESULTS: In all cases, CT depicted lesions indicative of airspace involvement, which was expressed as lobar (n = 3), segmental (n = 3), patchy (n = 3), or a combination of these patterns (n = 3). Involvement of more than one lobe was observed in seven (58%) patients. In one patient with multiple patchy areas of consolidation, nodular lesions with a vascular connection and a halo of ground-glass opacity, which were suggestive of an angioinvasive process, were demonstrated. In addition, CT performed in a patient with acute Coxiella burnetii infection who abused alcohol revealed necrotizing pneumonia. Pleural effusions were seen at both CT and radiography in three patients, and mild lymph node enlargement in isolated regions was seen at CT in four patients. Chest radiography was less accurate than CT in the detection of segmental and patchy areas of consolidation. CONCLUSION: The typical CT findings of Q fever pneumonia consisted mainly of multilobar airspace consolidation. A nodular pattern accompanied by a halo of ground-glass opacification and vessel connection, and necrotizing pneumonia in the setting of impaired immunity were less frequent.     

甲型H1N1流感肺炎CT演变特点

目的:探讨甲型H1N1流感肺炎近中期CT演变特点。方法:回顾性分析35例临床确诊的甲型H1N1流感肺炎患者发热后1个月内86次CT资料,分析其肺部病变出现、进展及吸收时间和影像特点。结果:肺部病变发生时CT表现主要为肺部磨玻璃密度影或实变,胸腔积液等。CT复查表现分为3组:完全吸收组4例,表现为肺部磨玻璃密度影或实变在6～13d(平均11.25d)吸收;明显减轻组29例,表现为磨玻璃密度影及实变减轻或缩小,胸腔积液减少或消失;进展组2例,1例发热后第10天进展为ARDS,另1例合并真菌感染,复查后表现为实变及空洞扩大。2例远期复查中1例第73天仍浅淡磨玻璃密度影,1例第90d遗留少许磨玻璃密度影、小叶间隔增厚、小叶性结节及少许索条影。结论:甲型H1N1流感肺炎肺部病变多在发热后3天内出现,2周左右完全或部分吸收,部分病例中期复查可见间质性病变,危重症患者早中期CT即可见病变迅速进展。     

甲型H1N1流感合并肺炎的影像表现

目的 探讨甲型H1N1流感合并肺炎的影像表现.方法 分析确诊的甲型H1N1流感合并肺炎患者51例,均摄床旁X线胸片,44例同期行胸部CT检查.按肺内病变程度将所有患者分为轻度、中度、重度3型.结果 轻度患者4例,表现为肺内局限片状阴影;中度33例,肺内片状阴影超过2个肺野,其中双侧病变30例,单侧病变3例;重度14例,肺内广泛分布片状及磨玻璃密度阴影,可以合并间质改变,其中2例合并感染,成人呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)6例,并发皮下气肿1例.结论 甲型H1N1流感合并肺炎以片状影及磨玻璃密度阴影为主,可见间质病变,合并感染后影像表现多样,部分患者可进展为ARDS.     

Radiological prognostic factors in patients with pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) infection requiring hospital admission

The aim of this study was to determine the radiologic findings associated with admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients with pH1N1 infection. One hundred and four patients (15–96 years) with laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 infection seen at the Emergency Department from July to December 2009 who underwent chest radiographs were studied. Radiographs were evaluated for consolidation, ground-glass opacities, interstitial patterns, distribution, and extent of findings. Eighty-seven (83.7%) of the patients were managed in the ward, and 17 (16.3%) patients eventually required admission to the ICU. All patients admitted to the ICU showed abnormalities on the initial radiograph. The presence of consolidation, multifocal, diffuse, and bilateral involvement on the initial radiograph was associated with a statistically higher risk of requiring ICU admission (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences regarding age, sex, and presence of underlying comorbidities. Evolution to ARDS was found in eight cases that necessitated ICU care. All of them had on the initial radiograph patchy multifocal consolidations (p < 0.001) with bilateral lesions in six cases. A higher number of lung zones involved and consolidation on the initial chest radiograph as well as a rapid progression of the radiological abnormalities were identified in patients requiring ICU admission and development of ARDS. Initial chest radiographs show acute abnormalities in all patients with severe disease. The findings of a multifocal patchy consolidation pattern with bilateral or diffuse lung involvement on admission should alert of the impending severity of disease and the risk of necessitating ICU admission     

甲型H1N1流感胸部高分辨率CT表现

目的 探讨甲型H1N1流感胸部HRCT表现.方法 回顾性分析163例临床确诊为甲型H1N1流感患者的172次胸部HRCT扫描(复查9例)资料,采用标准肺窗和纵隔窗观察图像,分析胸部HRCT影像表现.结果 97例胸部HRCT未见异常,其余66例HRCT主要表现为:(1)肺实质和间质同时受累,磨玻璃密度影35例(53.0%),小叶中心结节30例(45.5%),小叶内间质及小叶间隔增厚31例(47.0%),网状结节影8例(12.1%),单小叶炎症19例(28.8%),实变15例(22.7%),肺不张3例(4.5%),条索影2例(3.0%).(2)胸膜炎症:右侧胸膜炎症8例,左侧胸膜炎症5例,双侧胸膜炎症19例.(3)纵隔淋巴结和腋窝淋巴结肿大7例.(4)抗病毒治疗后病灶吸收快.结论 甲型H1N1流感患者胸部HRCT影像表现多样,类似病毒性肺炎表现,可见肺实质和肺间质炎症、胸膜炎症和纵隔淋巴结肿大.     

甲型H1N1流感病毒肺炎的CT表现

目的：探讨甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎CT表现,提高对该病的认识。方法：回顾性分析34例经临床、实验室证实的甲型H1N1肺炎胸部CT表现。结果：34例中累及两肺5个肺叶17例,占50%;累及4个肺叶3例,占8.8%;累及3个肺叶6例,占17.6%;累及2个肺叶5例,占14.7%;累及1个肺叶3例,占8.8%。单纯毛玻璃样阴影15例,占44.1%,表现为斑片状及云雾样淡薄影,边缘模糊,病灶中心密度相对较高,可见血管纹理通过;单纯实变阴影5例,占14.7%,表现为团片状、斑片状及棉球样影,密度较高;毛玻璃影与实变阴影同时存在14例,占41.2%,表现为云雾样淡薄影、棉球样实变影同时存在,肺周边区域及下叶基底部的病灶密度高于其它部位。实变阴影中可见支气管充气征12例,占35.3%;病灶内合并网格样改变19例,占55.9%;小结节影3例,占8.8%;支气管壁增厚3例,占8.8%;两侧胸腔少量积液1例,占2.9%。结论：甲型H1N1肺炎病变分布范围广,变化快,CT表现具有一定特征性。     

Radiographic and high-resolution CT findings of influenza virus pneumonia in patients with hematologic malignancies

OBJECTIVE: We sought to describe the radiographic and high-resolution CT findings of influenza virus pneumonia in patients with hematologic malignancies. CONCLUSION: Radiologic findings of influenza virus pneumonia in immunocompromised patients consist of patchy or confluent consolidation and nodular opacities on chest radiography and ground-glass attenuation, consolidation, centrilobular nodules, and branching linear opacities on high-resolution CT.     

重症与危重症甲型H1N1流感肺炎的影像学特点比较分析以及临床联系

目的：比较重症与危重症甲型 H1N1流感肺炎胸部CT影像表现。方法收集本院近3年来22例甲型H1N1流感肺炎患者的临床及影像资料,患者分为重症组(8例)和危重症组(14例)。回顾性分析2组之间的临床特点和实验室检查结果,以及比较胸部CT影像学特征的差别。结果危重症甲型 H1N1流感肺炎呼吸困难的表现更为明显。实验室检查结果中,重症组血中性粒细胞百分比为(63.4±18)%,危重症组为(83±9.9)%,重症组血淋巴细胞百分比为(24±13.3)%,危重症组为(11.7±7.3)%,2组间差异有统计学意义(z=-2.662,P=0.008;z=-2.246,P=0.025)。重症组中单侧多叶受累多见,7例(87.5%)胸部 CT 表现磨玻璃影;危重症组中病变多双肺受累,12例(85.7%)CT表现为磨玻璃影及实变影。危重症患者死亡率较高。结论血淋巴细胞减低,初期CT表现为双肺受累、肺内出现实变影的甲型 H1N1流感患者,易发展为危重症。     

Radiological findings of pneumonia in patients with swine-origin influenza A virus (H1N1)

Purpose

During spring 2009, a pandemic swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV) emerged and spread globally. We describe the chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) findings of 40 patients with pneumonia due to S-OIV observed in our institution.

Material and methods

Among 534 patients with S-OIV, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention case definition, seen between June and November 2009, 121 underwent chest X-ray and 40 (median age 44 years, range 16–79) had pneumonia. The initial chest radiographs were evaluated for pattern, distribution and extent of lung abnormalities. Unenhanced chest CT scans were performed in two patients and were reviewed for the same findings. Underlying medical conditions were present in 42% of patients (17/40).

Results

Our patients had predominantly mild illness, and pneumonia was observed in 40 individuals (40/121 patients who had chest X-rays, 33%; and 40/534 patients with S-OIV, 7.5%). However, S-OIV can cause severe illness requiring admission to the intensive care unit for advanced mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal life support, including adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and death. The major radiological abnormalities observed were interstitial changes (60.0%), with (22.0%) or without patchy ground-glass appearance, mostly bilateral, and located in the lower lung zones (7.5%). Extensive disease was seen in 37.5% (15/40), and ARDS was observed in three individuals (0.30%)with underlying medical conditions. Subtle pleural effusion was noted in four patients.

Conclusions

In our series, the most frequent pneumonia patterns observed during S-OIV (H1N1) virus were interstitial changes and patchy ground-glass appearance, mostly bilateral, and located in the lower lung zones. CT, performed in severely ill patients, confirmed the ARDS identified with chest X-rays, better depicting the features and extent of lung abnormalities.