胃癌微血管密度与VEGF表达的关系138例分析

[目的]探讨胃癌微血管密度与VEGF表达的临床病理意义。[方法]采用超敏SP法检测138例胃癌患者微血管密度（MVD）和VEGF表达,结合临床病理学特征进行相关分析。[结果]胃癌组织MVD平均为45．77±11．31,MVD与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结状态相关（P〈0．05）;VEGF表达阳性率为85．5％（118／138）,VEGF阳性表达与组织学分化型、淋巴结转移、血管浸润相关。MVD在VEGF阳性表达组显著高于阴性表达组（P=0．008）：MVD值与VEGF表达状态显著相关。[结论]MVD值与VEGF激活在胃癌发展进程中发挥重要作用．联合检测MVD和VEGF表达可作为胃癌生物学行为和预后的判断指标。     

STAT3和p38MAPK在胃癌中的表达及临床意义

[目的]探讨STAT3和p38MAPK在胃癌中的表达及临床意义.[方法]采用免疫组化法检测80例胃癌组织及40例癌旁组织中STAT3和p38MAPK的表达.[结果]80例胃癌组织中STAT3的阳性表达率为72.5％,明显高于癌旁组织的17.5％ (P＜0.001); STAT3的表达与胃癌患者性别、年龄、浸润深度无关(P＜0.05),而与分化程度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期、远处转移有关(P＜0.001).80例胃癌组织中p38MAPK的阳性表达率为71.3％,明显高于癌旁组织的12.5％(P＜0.05);p38MAPK的表达与胃癌患者性别、年龄、淋巴结转移无关(P＞0.05),而与分化程度、浸润深度、TNM分期、远处转移有关(P＜0.001).胃癌中STAT3和p38MAPK的表达呈正相关(r=0.6986,P＜0.01).[结论]胃癌中STAT3和p38MAPK均过表达,可能与胃癌的发生发展有关.     

胃癌患者血清VEGF、MMP-2的表达及其与浸润和转移的关系

[目的]探讨胃癌患者血清VEGF及MMP-2的表达与胃癌浸润和转移的关系。[方法]应用ELISA法检测69例胃癌患者血清VEGF、MMP-2的表达水平，并分析其与临床病理因素间的关系。[结果]低分化胃癌患者血清VEGF阳性率（64．0％）显著高于高、中分化者（36．8％，P〈0．05）；且VEGF、MMP-2表达与肿瘤的浸润深度、淋巴结转移、远处转移及TNM分期均密切相关（P〈0．05）。胃癌患者血清VEGF的阳性表达与MMP-2的阳性表达呈正相关（rs=0．322，P〈0．01）。[结论]VEGF和MMP-2在胃癌的浸润和转移中起重要作用，血清VEGF、MMP-2的表达水平可作为了解胃癌生物掌行为和判断顸后的指标．     

PTEN、VEGF在胃癌组织中表达的相关性

[目的]探讨胃癌组织中PTEN和VEGF的表达及相互关系。[方法]应用免疫组化EnVision法检测65例胃癌组织中PTEN和VEGF的表达。[结果]胃癌组织中PTEN高表达率和VEGF阳性表达率分别为43．1％（28／65）和60．0％（39／65），与肿瘤的分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移显著相关（P〈0．05）；Spearman等级相关分析显示PTEN与VEGF表达显著负相关（r=-0．368，P〈0．05）。[结论]胃癌组织中PTEN表达减少，VEGF表达增高，PTEN可能通过调控胃癌组织中的VEGF来抑制血管生成,从而抑制肿瘤的浸润和转移,影响病人的预后。     

STAT3和survivin在胃癌组织中的表达及意义

[目的]探讨STAT3和survivin在胃癌中的表达与临床病理特征之间的关系。[方法]采用免疫组织化学SABC法检测40例胃癌的癌灶中心组织及其癌旁正常组织中STAT3和survivin的表达情况：[结果]STAT3和survivin在40例胃癌组织中的表达阳性率分别为70％和75％,明显高于在癌旁正常组织中的表达率（x^2=30．000、X^2=37．968,P〈0．001）;STAT3的表达水平与胃癌浸润深度（x^2=6．114）、有无淋巴结转移（X^2=4．358）和TNM分期（X^2=10．957）相关（P〈0．05）;survivin的表达与各临床病理因素无显著相关性（P〉0．05）;STAT3和survivin表达呈正相关（X^2=12．857,P=0．000,r=0．533）。[结论]STAT3和survivin过表达在胃癌的发生发展过程中起重要作用,是胃癌诊治中两个较有价值的标记物,STAT3可能是通过调节survivin的表达发挥抗凋亡作用。     

胃癌组织中 PTEN、VEGF 和 MMP2 表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨PTEN、VEGF和MMP2在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化sP技术检测80例胃癌组织中PTEN、VEGF和MMP2表达。结果：胃癌组织中PTEN高表达率43．8％，与肿瘤分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移和肿瘤分期显著相关。VEGF、MMP2阳性表达率分别为60．O％和51．3％，与肿瘤大小、浸润深度、淋巴结转移和肿瘤分期显著相关。胃癌组织中PTEN与VEGF和MMP2表达显著负相关，与病人预后相关，Kaplan—Meier生存曲线显示PTEN高表达者术后累计生存率显著高于低表达者；VEGF和MMP2阳性表达者术后累计生存率显著低于阴性表达者。结论：PTEN通过调控胃癌组织VEGF和MMP2表达，抑制胃癌的浸润和转移，改善病人预后。     

AFP在胃癌中的表达意义及其与VEGF的关系

目的：探讨AFPGC生物学特性及其与VEGF的关系。方法：将262例胃癌患者分成AFP阳性和阴性两组。采用免疫组化方法检测胃癌组织中AFP及VEGF的表达,比较两组患者的性别、年龄及胃癌生长部位、大小、大体类型、分化程度、肝脏转移、淋巴结转移、临床分期以及生存率。结果：AFP阳性组肝脏转移、多个淋巴结转移发生率及临床IV期胃癌比例均明显高于AFP阴性组（P〈0．01）;AFP阳性组的胃癌组织中VEGF阳性表达率为90．5％,明显高于AFP阴性者的67．2％（P〈0．05）,AFP阳性组的1、3、5年生存率分别为58．7％、13．1％、5．9％,显著低于AFP阴性组的92．1％、58．3％、32．5％（P〈0．05）。结论：AFPGC是一种恶性程度高、易发生肝脏和淋巴结转移的预后不良的肿瘤,联合检测AFP和VEGF,可作为判定胃癌侵袭转移能力的一项客观指标。     

胃癌组织中PTEN、VEGF和MMP2表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨PTEN、VEGF和MMP2在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化sP技术检测80例胃癌组织中PTEN、VEGF和MMP2表达。结果：胃癌组织中PTEN高表达率43．8％，与肿瘤分化程度、浸润深度、淋巴结转移和肿瘤分期显著相关。VEGF、MMP2阳性表达率分别为60．O％和51．3％，与肿瘤大小、浸润深度、淋巴结转移和肿瘤分期显著相关。胃癌组织中PTEN与VEGF和MMP2表达显著负相关，与病人预后相关，Kaplan—Meier生存曲线显示PTEN高表达者术后累计生存率显著高于低表达者；VEGF和MMP2阳性表达者术后累计生存率显著低于阴性表达者。结论：PTEN通过调控胃癌组织VEGF和MMP2表达，抑制胃癌的浸润和转移，改善病人预后。     

血管内皮生长因子与膜型基质金属蛋白酶-1在口腔鳞状细胞癌表达及意义

[目的]检测血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和膜型基质金属蛋白酶-1（MT1-MMP）在口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）中的表达,并探讨其意义。[方法]采用免疫组织化学SP法检测VEGF、MT1-MMP在40例OSCC和10例口腔正常黏膜组织中的表达。[结果]VEGF和MT1-MMP在OSCC组织中的阳性表达率分别为67．50％和75．00％,在正常口腔黏膜组织中均阴性表达．差异有显著性（P〈0．001）。VEGF表达与OSCC的临床分期（P〈0．05）及淋巴结转移显著相关（P〈0．011,与肿瘤的分化程度无关。MT1-MMP表达与OSCC的分化程度（P〈0．05）及淋巴结转移显著相关（P〈0．01）,但与肿瘤的临床分期无相关性。VEGF与MT1-MMP表达呈正相关（rs=0．650,P〈0．001）。[结论]VEGF与MT1-MMP在OSCC发生发展中起重要作用,共同促进OSCC的浸润转移。     

胃癌组织中Ezrin、VEGF的表达及其意义

目的：探讨Ezrin、VEGF在胃癌组织中的表达情况及其与临床病理参数之间的关系。方法：采用免疫组化法检测50例胃癌组织、25例胃粘膜不典型增生和25例正常胃粘膜中Ezrin、VEGF的表达。结果：Ezrin在正常胃粘膜、不典型增生和胃癌中的阳性表达率分别为28．0％、36．0％和86．0％。VEGF在正常胃粘膜、不典型增生和胃癌中的阳性表达率分别为12．0％、32．0％和58．0％。Ezrin、VEGF在胃癌、不典型增生和正常胃粘膜中的表达率逐渐上升，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。Ezrin、VEGF的表达程度均与胃癌的临床分期、淋巴结转移有关（P〈0．05），与胃癌的分化程度无关（P〉0．05）。Ezrin和VEGF的表达之间呈正相关（P〈0．01）。结论：Ezrin、VEGF在胃癌中的高表达与胃癌的临床分期和淋巴结转移有关，二者的联合检测可能成为预测胃癌转移及预后的重要指标。     

Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits

There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time.     

Religiosity and physical and emotional functioning among African American and White colorectal and lung cancer patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

Renal irradiation and the pharmacology and toxicity of methotrexate and cisplatinum

We used a rat model to study the effects of renal irradiation on the pharmacology of methotrexate (MTX) and cisplatinum (cis-Pt). Unanesthetized rats were given bilateral kidney irradiation (20 Gy in 9 fractions). At 9 months after irradiation, 3% of the animals had died and survivors showed moderately impaired renal function. At 15 months, 30% of the animals had died and survivors showed severely impaired renal function. Some animals were given i.v. MTX 1 week to 15 months after irradiation. In irradiated rats, the area under the MTX plasma clearance curve equaled that of controls through 6 months, and was significantly above controls from 9 months on. Other animals were given i.p. cis-Pt 1 week to 9 months after irradiation. The acute toxicity of cis-Pt was the same in control and irradiated rats when cis-Pt was given immediately before or after irradiation. Beginning 3 months after irradiation there was a progressive increase in cis-Pt toxicity and a simultaneous decrease in urinary platinum excretion. Irradiated animals that survived cis-Pt treatment showed increased radiation nephritis; the greatest effect occurred when cis-Pt was given 3 months or more after irradiation. MTX and cis-Pt clearance decreased when renal dysfunction was first observed and changes in renal function preceded changes in drug clearance and toxicity.     

VEGF及KDR在大肠腺瘤和腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌中的表达及临床病理特征的关系。方法：大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌组织标本各100例,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测VEGF和KDR在标本中的表达情况。结果：VEGF和KDR在大肠腺癌组中的阳性表达明显高于大肠腺瘤组（P〈0.05）;在正常大肠黏膜均未见VEGF和KDR表达的阳性染色;VEGF阳性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率为70%,显著高于VEGF阴性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率16%,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：大肠腺癌组织中KDR的表达与肿瘤大小、转移情况、浸润深度密切相关;VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤中的表达与患者的年龄、性别及分型均无相关性,而与增生程度相关（P〈0.05）。在大肠腺癌患者中VEGF及KDR表达更高,二者具有协同效应。     

Morphine and tumor growth and metastasis

Morphine is an analgesic widely used to alleviate cancer pain. In addition, the perioperative management of pain in cancer surgery patients most often includes opioids. However, there are reports that these drugs may alter cancer recurrence or metastasis. Several mechanisms have been proposed, such as the modulation of the immune response or cellular pathways that control the survival and migratory behavior of cancer cells. The published literature, however, presents some discrepancies, with reports suggesting that opioids may either promote or prevent the spread of cancer. It is of great importance to determine whether opioids, in particular the most widely used, morphine, may increase the risk of metastasis when used in cancer surgery. This review examines the available data on the effects of morphine which influence cancer metastasis or recurrence, including immunomodulation, tumor cell aggressiveness, and angiogenesis, with special emphasis on recently published clinical and laboratory based studies. We further discuss the parameters that may explain the difference between reports on the effects of morphine on cancer.     

肾上腺素能β受体与肿瘤生长及转移

大量研究表明肿瘤细胞可表达β受体，而一些神经递质、药物和社会心理因素可能通过β受体影响肿瘤的生长和转移，β受体激动剂、β受体阻滞剂以及抑郁等社会心理因素可加强或削弱这种作用。这为表达β受体肿瘤的治疗开辟了新的道路，提供了新的治疗靶点。