基于生物信息学方法筛选高砷暴露人群的关键基因

目的 利用生物信息学方法筛选高砷暴露人群关键基因及相关信号通路。方法 从高通量基因表达(gene expression omnibus, GEO)数据库下载GSE110852数据集，通过GEO2R在线工具筛选差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes, DEGs),应用R语言绘制火山图和热图。应用注释、可视化和综合发现数据库(the database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery, DAVID)对DEGs进行基因本体(gene ontology, GO)和京都基因和基因组数据库(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG)通路富集分析，使用R语言绘制结果气泡图。通过基因/蛋白相互作用检索搜查工具(search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes/proteins, STRING)数据库构建差异表达基因的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(protein-protein interactio...     

基于GEO数据库光损伤性皮肤病的生物信息学分析

目的 通过对紫外线照射后人皮肤表皮细胞基因芯片的生物信息学分析,获得光损伤性皮肤病的关键基因,探索其发病机制。方法 从GEO数据库中获取2个紫外线照射后人皮肤表皮细胞株HaCat的基因芯片数据集,第一个基因芯片数据集采用R软件筛选出显著性差异表达基因(DEGs),进行GO分析和KEGG通路分析,另一个基因芯片数据集也采用同样的方法筛选出DEGs,将两者DEGs取交集,进行GO分析和KEGG通路分析,最后构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络(PPI),通过筛选,获得紫外线损伤HaCat的关键基因。结果 GSE198792筛选获得的DEGs有486个(上调246个、下调240个),GSE138800筛选获得的DEGs有90个(上调33个、下调57个)。两者取交集筛选获得20个基因。GO分析显示这些差异表达基因主要与蛋白质转运、表皮生长因子受体信号通路的调控、I型干扰素信号通路的负调控以及对病毒的防御有关,KEGG通路主要与磷酸戊糖途径相关。筛选出了ISG15、IFI6、TKT、LAP3、SAMHD1、BAG3、ALDOC 7个关键基因。结论 通过生物信息学分析筛选出紫外线对人皮肤表皮细胞作用的关...     

生物信息学分析筛选骨关节炎关键基因的研究

目的 通过生物信息学研究骨关节炎(OA)和健康对照者的差异表达基因(DEGs),为诊断和治疗OA提供新的靶点.方法 从GEO数据库下载基因芯片数据集GSE55457、GSE55235、GSE12021,采用GEO2R在线分析工具筛选出各数据集的DEGs并找到交集.采用DAVID在线分析工具进行GO功能富集和KEGG通路...     

基于生物信息学的非酒精性脂肪性肝病关键基因筛选及实验验证

目的:探索非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）潜在的关键基因和microRNAs(miRNAs)。方法:从美国国立生物技术信息中心（NCBI）公共基因芯片数据平台（GEO）数据库下载两个基因表达谱芯片（GSE96936和GSE62267）,利用GEO2R在线工具筛选出NAFLD组与正常对照组的差异表达基因（DEGs）,对DEGs进行GO和KEGG信号通路富集分析,进一步应用STRING数据库构建蛋白质—蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络,用Cytoscape筛选出关键基因。构建NAFLD小鼠模型,通过实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)验证筛选出的关键基因,利用NetworkAnalyst构建关键基因的靶向miRNAs。结果:总共鉴定出192个DEGs,GO分析显示DEGs生物学功能主要涉及5个KEGG通路,包括类固醇激素生物合成、补体与凝血级联、胆汁分泌、化学致癌、视黄醇代谢相关信号通路,结合PPI网络和CytoHubba的结果,筛选出Tyrobp、Hck、Ctss、Aif1、Fcgr1、Cd68、Cd53、Ly86、Fyb和Alox5ap 10个关键基因,通过RT-qPCR检测,发现与正常肝...     

基于生物信息学分析艾滋病患者血中相关差异基因

目的 基于生物信息学方法筛选艾滋病(AIDS)相关的关键基因,为后续生物学功能研究提供分子靶标。方法 通过GEO数据库下载基因芯片GSE140713,筛选AIDS患者血样与健康对照血样的差异表达基因(DEGs),对DEGs进行GO功能富集分析和KEGG通路富集分析,并且通过String数据库构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络(PPI),确定其中与AIDS发生发展密切相关的关键基因。结果 GEO数据分析结果显示,AIDS共有1770个DEGs (1128个上调基因,642个下调基因)。GO富集分析结果显示,DEGs主要参与DNA结合转录激活活性、信号受体激活物活性等分子功能。KEGG通路富集分析结果显示,DEGs主要富集于NOD样受体信号通路。经过构建PPI网络分析其重要的功能模块及其关键基因,结果鉴定出5个关键基因可能与AIDS的发生发展相关。结论 本研究筛选出人AIDS血液中5个关键基因(CDK1、BUB1、CCNA2、CCNB1、KIF11),它们可能成为AIDS病毒潜伏期治疗的潜在靶点。     

基于生物信息学的食管鳞癌关键基因筛选

目的 探索食管鳞癌(ESCC)基因调控机制以寻找诊治相关潜在的生物标志物.方法 整合GEO数据库中ESCC基因芯片数据集获得共同差异表达基因(DEGs),进行基因本体(GO)和基因组百科全书数据库(KEGG)分析,构建蛋白互作网络后筛选出核心DEGs.利用GEPIA进行表达差异及生存分析,经UALCAN验证差异分析结果.结果 33例ESCC组织及15例正常组织中筛选出86个DEGs.GO和KEGG富集分析结果显示,差异基因功能主要涉及细胞周期、细胞分化、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)信号通路等,蛋白互作分析网络筛选出27个核心基因,其中与患者预后相关基因两个:CKDN3、KIF4A.结论 CKDN3、KIF4A在ESCC组织中高表达,与ESCC预后相关,有助于ESCC的诊断及预后.     

基于生物信息学的食管鳞癌关键基因筛选

目的 探索食管鳞癌(ESCC)基因调控机制以寻找诊治相关潜在的生物标志物.方法 整合GEO数据库中ESCC基因芯片数据集获得共同差异表达基因(DEGs),进行基因本体(GO)和基因组百科全书数据库(KEGG)分析,构建蛋白互作网络后筛选出核心DEGs.利用GEPIA进行表达差异及生存分析,经UALCAN验证差异分析结果.结果 33例ESCC组织及15例正常组织中筛选出86个DEGs.GO和KEGG富集分析结果显示,差异基因功能主要涉及细胞周期、细胞分化、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)信号通路等,蛋白互作分析网络筛选出27个核心基因,其中与患者预后相关基因两个:CKDN3、KIF4A.结论 CKDN3、KIF4A在ESCC组织中高表达,与ESCC预后相关,有助于ESCC的诊断及预后.     

哮喘患者上气道基因表达谱芯片的生物信息学分析

目的:应用生物信息学方法对哮喘患者上气道基因表达谱芯片进行分析,进一步探讨其可能的发病机制。方法:从GEO(Gene expressionomnibus)数据库下载哮喘表达谱的芯片数据(GSE41861),利用R语言Limma软件包筛选哮喘患者与非哮喘患者鼻黏膜的差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes,DEGs),并对差异基因作基因本体论(gene ontology,GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)通路富集分析。利用STRING在线数据库进行蛋白-蛋白相互作用(protein protein interaction,PPI)分析,并用Cytoscape软件及其插件NetworkAnalyzer进行可视化,寻找关键(Hub)基因。结果:共筛选出118个差异基因,其中包括93个上调基因和25个下调基因。对差异基因进行生物信息学分析,上调DEGs主要参与唾液分泌相关通路和结核相关通路,下调DEGs主要参与TGF-β相关信号通路。蛋白网络分析筛选出CDC5L、AR和ACTR2 3个degree得分>10的关键基因。结论:CDC5L、AR、ACTR2可能在哮喘的发生发展中起着重要作用,为研究哮喘的发病机制提供了新的策略。     

食管鳞癌中miRNA-mRNA调控网络的构建和信号通路分析

目的:构建食管鳞状细胞癌(esophageal squamous cell carcinoma,ESCC)中miRNA-mRNA的调控网络,对候选基因进行基因本体(gene ontology,GO)功能注释和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)通路富集分析,为ESCC发生发展的分子机制研究提供一定的理论指导。方法:从GEO数据库中筛选ESCC组织中的差异表达miRNA(differentially expressed miRNA,DE miRNA)和差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes,DEGs),并用在线数据库预测调控DE miRNA的靶基因。对DE miRNA的靶基因及DEGs取交集得到候选基因,使用DAVID在线数据库对其进行GO富集分析和KEGG分析,并运用GEPIA网站进行生存分析。结果:筛选出4个DE miRNA(miR-34c-5p、miR-944、miR-133b、miR-139-5p),分析DE miRNA在ESCC组织和正常食管组织中的表达情况。候选...     

基于生物信息学分析宫颈癌关键基因及预后相关的生物标志物

目的 从公共数据库筛选并探讨宫颈鳞状细胞癌的关键致病基因。方法 从GEO数据库GSE122697、GSE89657里下载宫颈组织表达谱芯片数据。利用R软件和韦恩图查找数据集的差异表达基因(DEGs)交集,进行GO 和 KEGG 通路富集分析。利用STRING数据库构建了DEGs的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络(PPIs)并导入Cytoscape软件进一步分析,通过cytohubba插件和MCC算法筛选出DEGs。利用癌症基因组图谱数据(TCGA)对已初步筛选的DEGs进行验证及生存曲线分析,并进一步筛选与宫颈癌总生存率相关的DEGs进行ROC分析,获得关键基因。结果 宫颈鳞状细胞癌差异基因56个,其中15个上调和41个下调。GO 及 KEGG 分析结果显示, 这些 mRNA 主要参与细胞核分裂、细胞外基质代谢调控等生物学进程; 主要富集于细胞周期、减数分裂、PIK-Akt信号通路、ECM受体相互作用通路等。通过PPI网络中筛选出18 个核心基因,并在TCGA数据集中得以验证,生存曲线分析的结果表明18个差异基因中的ASF1B基因对宫颈癌患者生存预后具有显著影响 (HR=0.437(0.272-0.704), P<0.01), ROC分析的结果表明其对宫颈癌患者具有很好的诊断价值(AUC=0.998)。结论 本研究通过综合生物信息学分析,有望为宫颈癌诊断和预后提供可靠的分子生物标志物和治疗靶点。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.