骨关节炎的关键通路与免疫细胞浸润模式及中药预测分析

目的 利用生物信息学的方法分析骨关节炎(osteoarthritis, OA)的关键通路与免疫细胞浸润模式及潜在治疗中药。方法 从基因表达综合数据库(GEO)中下载GSE55235基因表达芯片,运用GEO2R在线分析工具筛选差异表达基因(DEGs)。使用DAVID在线数据库对DEGs进行基因本体富集分析(Gene Ontology, GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书信号通路分析(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, KEGG),通过STRING在线数据库构建蛋白相互作用网络(PPI)。使用Cytoscape软件中的cytoHubba插件筛选核心基因,Coremine Medical数据库预测治疗OA的潜在中药。通过CIBERSORT数据库对人类22种免疫细胞亚型的表达矩阵进行去卷积,分析OA组与对照组免疫细胞浸润情况。结果 共筛选出235个差异基因,其中101个为上调基因,134个为下调基因。GO富集分析主要涉及免疫反应、炎症反应、细胞粘附和凋亡过程等生物过程。KEGG主要富集在TNF信号通路、破骨细胞分化、MAPK信号通路、NF-kappa...     

基于WGCNA筛选骨关节炎的生物标志物

目的 利用加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)探索骨关节炎(OA)发生发展中潜在的分子机制及其关键基因,寻找具有临床诊断和治疗意义的生物标志物。方法 从基因表达综合数据库(GEO)下载GSE114007、GSE57218和GSE169077数据集。利用R语言软件对GSE114007进行差异分析,将差异分析结果得到的差异基因(DEGs)再进行WGCNA构建表达模式不同的基因模块,对与骨关节炎最相关的基因模块进行基因本体论(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)分析。利用STRING和Cytoscape构建蛋白互作网络(PPI),并用cytoHubba插件的degree算法筛选关键基因。结果 GSE114007共筛选出骨关节炎组与健康对照组之间的DEGs1752个,其中上调基因927个,下调基因825个;通过WGCNA构建了6个不同的基因模块,其中棕色基因模块与骨关节炎的相关性最高,共有281个基因;棕色基因模块的GO显著富集在T细胞活化、脂肪代谢、炎症反应等生物学过程,KEGG显著富集在MAPK信号通路、破骨细胞分化途径、mTOR信号通路等信号通路;从PPI网络筛选出DDIT3和B...     

肝细胞癌相关差异表达基因和药物预测的生物信息学分析

目的 通过生物信息学方法筛选肝细胞癌(HCC)相关差异表达基因(DEGs)及潜在治疗药物.方法 从GEO数据库中选取GSE45436、GSE84402、GSE62232和GSE101685,使用R软件分析得到DEGs.随后对DEGs进行GO和KEGG分析,并构建PPI网络、筛选核心基因.最后进行生存分析和筛选潜在治疗药...     

生物信息学分析筛选骨关节炎关键基因的研究

目的 通过生物信息学研究骨关节炎(OA)和健康对照者的差异表达基因(DEGs),为诊断和治疗OA提供新的靶点.方法 从GEO数据库下载基因芯片数据集GSE55457、GSE55235、GSE12021,采用GEO2R在线分析工具筛选出各数据集的DEGs并找到交集.采用DAVID在线分析工具进行GO功能富集和KEGG通路...     

基于GEO数据库对骨关节炎半月板差异基因的筛选及生物信息学分析

目的 基于GEO数据库及生物信息学来筛选骨关节炎半月板相关差异表达基因（DEGs）,并分析生物学功能,以期为骨关节炎治疗提供新思路与方法。方法 从GEO数据库下载数据集（GSE98918）,分为正常组与骨关节炎组,各12例,利用R语言对数据进行差异分析获得DEGs,利用DAVID 6.8数据库对DEGs进行GO及KEGG信号通路分析,后运用STRING数据库及Cytoscape软件进行蛋白互作网络分析（PPI）及获得关键靶基因,进一步运用荧光定量PCR试验验证关节靶基因表达。结果 最终获得220个DEGs,包括114个上调和106个下调DEGs。GO主要涉及细胞外区、细胞外间隙、胶原三聚体、胶原纤维组织、蛋白质细胞外基质等过程。KEGG主要与补体与凝血级联、金黄色葡萄球菌感染、细胞外基质受体相互作用、蛋白质消化吸收、朊病毒病等信号通路有关。PPI分析获取5个关键靶基因,包含VEGFA、MMP9、COL1A1、SPI1、ITGB1。预测前5位靶基因miRNA分别为hsa-miR-4728-5p、hsa-miR-6750-3p、hsa-miR-6727-3p、hsa-miR-6734-3p...     

应用生物信息学筛选胃癌诊断和预后的生物标志物

目的：应用生物信息学方法分析和筛选与胃癌诊断和预后相关的生物标志物。方法：从GEO数据库下载胃癌的基因表达谱数据集GSE79973和GSE103236。通过在线工具GEO2R和韦恩图筛选两数据集重叠的差异表达基因(DEGs)。利用仙桃在线数据平台对DEGs进行GO和KEGG富集分析。通过STRING在线工具和Cytoscape软件构建DEGs的蛋白互作网络和识别hub基因。最后,使用GEPIA、仙桃、Kaplan-Meier Plotter在线数据平台对hub基因进行表达差异分析、受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析及生存分析。结果：GSE79973和GSE103236两数据集中有156个重叠DEGs,包括98个上调基因和58个下调基因。其中,上调差异表达基因(uDEGs)的GO富集分析主要与细胞外基质及胶原蛋白相关;KEGG富集分析与细胞外基质受体相互作用有关。通过STRING在线工具和Cytoscape软件从重叠DEGs中识别出10个hub基因,均为uDEGs。利用GEPIA、仙桃、Kaplan-Meier Plotter在线数据平台分析表明,hub基因在胃癌组织中均显著上调(P<...     

乙型肝炎病毒相关肝细胞癌关键基因筛选及其与预后关系的生物信息学分析

目的：采用生物信息学方法识别与乙型肝炎病毒相关肝细胞癌（HBV-HCC）的早期诊断和不良预后相关的关键基因,阐明HBV-HCC发生发展的潜在分子机制。方法：从基因表达综合数据库（GEO）中检索“hepatitis Binduced HCC”,下载基因数据集GSE121248,通过R软件中的“limma”数据包筛选差异表达基因（DEGs）,采用“clusterProfiler”数据包对DEGs进行基因本体（GO）功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）信号通路富集分析,采用STRING数据库和Cytoscape软件建立蛋白-蛋白互作（PPI）网络并筛选关键基因。采用基因表达水平值的交互式分析（GEPIA）、Kaplan Meier-Plotter和人类蛋白质图谱（HPA）数据库验证关键基因及其蛋白质表达水平,采用“CIBERSORT”数据包分析免疫细胞的浸润情况。结果：共筛选出574个DEGs,其中上调基因173个,下调基因401个。GO功能富集分析,DEGs主要富集于小分子代谢、信号转导、免疫应答和炎症反应等生物学过程;KEGG通路富集分析,DEGs主要富集于视黄醇代谢、细胞...     

基于数据库挖掘分析FN1、COL4A1、COL4A2基因在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的 基于数据库挖掘分析胃癌预后预测和胃癌靶向治疗的潜在关键基因(Hub基因)。方法 本研究选取基因表达综合数据库(GEO)的GSE33651和GSE118916数据集(研究时间为2011年11月—2019年8月)。GEO2R进行胃癌差异表达基因(DEGs)分析。DAVID数据库对DEGs进行基因本体(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析。采用STRING数据库和Cytoscape软件构建DEGs的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络,其中Degree>10的DEGs被认为是Hub基因。基于癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)的胃腺癌数据,使用OncoLnc和UALCAN数据库对Hub基因进行生存分析和表达分析。TIMER数据库对Hub基因进行免疫浸润分析。结果 GSE33651和GSE118916中鉴定出80个共有上调和34个共有下调DEGs。DEGs富集在69个GO条目和7个KEGG信号通路。从PPI网络中筛选出14个Hub基因。FN1、COL4A2和COL4A1基因在胃癌组织的表达水平均显著高于胃正常组织,且在胃癌中具有良好的预后预测价值。FN1、COL4A2和COL...     

MXRA5和MYC作为肥胖和骨关节炎的诊断标志物和免疫浸润特征

目的 利用生物信息学和机器学习鉴定肥胖和骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)的关键基因与免疫浸润细胞的相关性。方法 从基因表达数据库(gene expression omnibus,GEO)中筛选GSE55235、GSE44000和GSE151839 3个数据集,通过R软件获得差异表达基因(differentially expressed genes,DEGs),并通过基因本体功能(gene ontology,GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes,KEGG)信号通路富集分析,探索其潜在的生物学功能。采用最小绝对收缩和选择算子（least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,LASSO）回归算法结合（support vector machine,SVM）筛选特征基因,并利用受试者操作特征（receiver operating characteristic,ROC）曲线验证关键基因的诊断价值,并使用CIBERSORT算法评估免疫浸润,通过NetworkAnalyst数据库预测靶miRNA和Cytoscape软件构建mRNA-miRNA调控网络,分析关键基因与免疫浸润的相关性。结果 GO基因富集分析获得99个差异表达基因（differentially expressed genes,DEGs）。免疫系统和免疫应答中的细胞活化被大量富集。KEGG通路分析显示,白细胞介素（interleukin,IL）-17、核因子κB（nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB）、B细胞受体和趋化因子信号通路显著富集。基于机器学习鉴定出两个关键诊断基因(MXRA5和MYC)。免疫浸润分析显示MXRA5与静息和活化的CD4记忆T细胞、活化的NK细胞、静息和活化的肥大细胞、M0巨噬细胞有关。此外,MYC与静息和活化的CD4记忆T细胞、浆细胞、活化的NK细胞、静息和活化的肥大细胞、M2巨噬细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞有关。CD4+细胞、NK细胞和肥大细胞与这2个枢轴基因有显著相关性。结论 通过生物信息学分析鉴定出2个免疫相关的关键基因,可能为肥胖相关性OA的治疗提供新的靶点。     

舌鳞状细胞癌关键基因的筛选及其潜在治疗药物的预测

目的 通过生物信息学方法筛选舌鳞状细胞癌的关键基因,并预测其潜在的治疗药物。方法 从GEO数据库中下载GSE34105和GSE13601数据集,并利用limma包筛选DEGs。DAVID数据库对DEGs进行GO及KEGG富集分析。STRING数据库构建PPI网络,并在Cytoscape中进行可视化。“CytoHubba”筛选Hub基因,并利用TCGA数据库、HPA数据库及RT-qPCR进行验证。最后,在Cellminer数据库中筛选Hub基因潜在的治疗药物。结果 共筛选出192个DEGs,其中上调基因84个,下调基因108个。GO富集分析显示,DEGs主要涉免疫反应、细胞外基质分解等生物学过程;KEGG富集分析显示,DEGs主要富集在EMC-受体相互作用信号通路。筛选出IFIT3、OAS2作为Hub基因。预测出布加替尼、艾沙佐米柠檬酸盐及硼替佐米等19种可能靶向作用于舌鳞状细胞癌的药物。结论 通过生物信息学方法筛选出两个Hub基因,并预测其潜在的治疗药物,为研究舌鳞状细胞癌的分子机制及开发治疗药物提供理论基础。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.