共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 71 毫秒
1.
肾上腺素在心肺复苏中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨肾上腺素在心肺复苏中的应用效果。方法对我院近期28例发生心脏停搏的患者,先给予胸外心脏按压、气管插管、机械通气,然后予肾上腺素Img静脉推注。结果28例患者经肾上腺素治疗后,自主循环恢复21例(75.0%),恢复时间(6.9±3.5)min,持续(48.2±5.4)h。24h存活10例(35.7%),出院存活4例。结论肾上腺素明显促进心脏停搏患者自主循环和自主呼吸的恢复,并能维持其稳定。 相似文献
2.
3.
膝关节损伤患者148例,经临床证实101例为多发韧带损伤,47例为单发韧带损伤或无韧带损伤.对所有病例均采用磁共振成像系统进行扫描.结果:148例中,MRI诊断与临床诊断完全符合135例,其中阳性94例,阴性41例;MRI检查为阳性而为临床所否定的有6例,另有7例临床证实为多发韧带损伤,而MRI仅提示为单发或出现漏诊,其中前交叉韧带(ACL)损伤漏诊4例,侧副韧带损伤漏诊3例,无后交叉韧带(PCL)损伤漏诊.该组病例MRI诊断膝关节多发韧带损伤敏感性及特异性分别为93%、87.2%,准确率达92.6%.结果表明:MRI能安全、快捷地对各种韧带损伤作出全面而准确的诊断,并可为临床制订合理的治疗方案提供可靠的依据,同时MRI亦可作为韧带修复以及术后评估的重要依据.但是MRI仍存在局限性,只有与X线检查以及物理检查相结合才能提高诊断水平. 相似文献
4.
目的探讨桡动脉估测血压法辅助抢救心搏骤停患者的效果。方法将52例心搏骤停患者随机分为桡动脉估测血压组(治疗组,26例)和台式血压计测量血压组(对照组,26例),根据两种测压方法测得的血压情况指导两组心搏骤停患者的多巴胺静脉给药剂量。结果治疗组有效率为73·0%,对照组有效率为46·2%,两组间差别有显著性意义(P<0·05);治疗组患者血压恢复正常水平所需时间短于对照组(P<0·01)。结论桡动脉估测血压法能直观、及时地反映患者血压水平,可作为临床抢救危重病患者的重要辅助手段。 相似文献
5.
6.
目的:观察血氧饱和度引导下供氧对心搏骤停复苏自主循环恢复(ROSC)患者神经功能的影响。方法:将ROSC患者102例随机分为对照组和试验组,各51例。复苏后在机械通气支持下,在10min内两组均给予100%FiO2,在随后的1h内.对照组和试验组分别实施继续纯氧供氧与根据脉冲血氧饱和度调整吸人氧浓度,使血氧饱和度达到94%~96%供氧,并比较两组复苏后血清SOD、MDA以及APACHEH评分和临床转归情况。结果:试验组复苏后第1、2周的SOD[(121.8±38.5)mU/L,(147.5±42.1)mU/L]显著高于对照组[(95.3±35.7)mU/L,(128.7±40.8)mU/L](P〈0.05),而试验组MDA[(13.57±5.04)mmol/L,(11.12±3.89)mmol/L]显著低于对照组[(16.13±4.99)mmol/L,(13.59±4.20)mmol/L](P〈0.05);复苏后第3天试验组APACHEⅡ评分[(12.26±4.98)分]显著低于对照组[(16.34±5.12)分](P〈0.05);复苏第28天试验组神经功能恢复正常和轻度障碍率(23.53%、21.57%)显著高于对照组(9.80%、7.84%),而植物状态和死亡率(7.84%、37.25%)显著低于对照组(15.69%、56.86%),差异均有统计学意义(均P〈0.05)。结论:血氧饱和度引下供氧可改善心搏骤停复苏自主循环恢复患者神经功能预后。 相似文献
7.
8.
目的:探讨亚低温脑保护在创伤性颅脑损伤治疗中的临床应用效果。方法:创伤性颅脑损伤患者140例根据入院顺序分为治疗组与对照组各70例,两组都给予常规治疗,在此基础上治疗组给予局部亚低温保护。结果:治疗组与对照组的有效率分别为41.4%和21.4%,治疗组的有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗前出血量及水肿带对比差异无统计学意义,治疗后出血量明显下降,而水肿带明显上升,组间对比差异明显(P<0.05)。两组治疗前血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与丙二醛(MDA)含量对比差异无统计学意义,治疗后MDA含量明显下降,而SOD含量明显增加,同时组间对比差异显著(P<0.05)。治疗后治疗组应激性溃疡、肺感染、高血糖、脑心综合征等总体并发症发生率明显少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:亚低温脑保护在创伤性颅脑损伤治疗中的应用能够通过减少自由基的产生减轻脑出血与脑水肿,从而提高疗效,安全性也比较好。 相似文献
9.
心搏骤停心肺复苏中若干问题的探讨 总被引:12,自引:4,他引:12
目的探讨影响心搏骤停(CA)心肺复苏(CPR)有效率的因素。方法回顾性分析87例CA患者心肺复苏的临床资料,包括年龄、心搏骤停前基础疾病、电除颤开始时间、CPR开始时间、CPR持续时间、人工呼吸开始时间等。结果87例CA行心肺复苏患者中,49例复苏有效(56.3%),38例复苏失败(43.7%);复苏有效组与复苏失败组患者的病因分布、年龄、电除颤开始时间、CPR开始时间、CPR持续时间间差别均有显著性意义(P<0.05),人工呼吸开始时间间差别无显著性意义(P>0.05);肾上腺素首次应用剂量为1mg,以后重复时增加剂量,复苏有效组中有21例应用,复苏失败组中有9例应用。结论原发疾病、患者年龄、电除颤开始时间、CPR开始时间、CPR持续时间是影响CA患者CPR有效率的重要因素;立即建立人工循环并将肾上腺素用量与用药时机有效结合是提高CPR有效率的关键措施。 相似文献
10.
创伤性膈肌破裂48例诊治体会 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
创伤性膈肌破裂(Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture,TDR)常发生于严重胸腹部创伤者,因其伤情的隐蔽性和复杂性,诊断较为困难,且并发症较多,病死率较高,因此早期诊断和及时处理十分重要。我院于2005年8月至2008年2月收治TDR患者48例,现分析报告如下。 相似文献
11.
12.
Potential complications of high-dose epinephrine therapy in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Adults resuscitated from nontraumatic cardiac arrest who received intravenous epinephrine in doses chosen by the treating physician and who survived at least 6 hours were studied to determine if high-dose epinephrine produced more complications than standard-dose. A total of 68 patients were enrolled and evaluated for postresuscitation complications attributable to epinephrine, using a two-tailed t test, and contingency analysis. The 33 patients receiving high-dose epinephrine and 35 patients receiving standard-dose epinephrine were similar in demographics and variables known to affect outcome. There was no difference in potential complications between groups except serum calcium, which was 1.97 mmol/L (SD, 0.20) in the high-dose epinephrine group and 2.10 (SD, 0.20) in the standard-dose group. Hospital discharge rates (18% in the high-dose vs 30% in the standard-dose group) and neurological status on discharge were not significantly different. High-dose epinephrine did not produce increased direct complications in this cardiac arrest population compared with standard-dose epinephrine. 相似文献
13.
14.
Carron PN Taffe P Hugli O 《JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association》2012,308(1):29; author reply 30-29; author reply 31
15.
目的 探讨多巴胺和肾上腺素联合应用在心脏停搏复苏中的作用。方法 2 0例心跳骤停患者给予多巴胺和肾上腺素联合用药 ,2 6例心跳骤停患者单用肾上腺素作为对照组。比较两组患者的心脏电活动和自主循环恢复情况。结果 合用组恢复心电活动 16例 (80 %) ,高于单肾上腺素组 46.15 %(12 /2 6) ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;合用组恢复自主循环 15例 (75 %) ,也高于单用肾上腺素组 42 .3 %(11/2 6) ,差异也有显著性 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 较大剂量多巴胺与肾上腺素联合用药在心脏停搏患者中的疗效优于单纯使用肾上腺素。 相似文献
16.
A randomized clinical trial of high-dose epinephrine and norepinephrine vs standard-dose epinephrine in prehospital cardiac arrest. 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
OBJECTIVE--To determine the relative efficacy of high- vs standard-dose catecholamines in initial treatment of prehospital cardiac arrest. DESIGN--Randomized, prospective, double-blind clinical trial. SETTING--Prehospital emergency medical system of a major US city. PATIENTS--All adults in nontraumatic cardiac arrest, treated by paramedics, who would receive epinephrine according to American Heart Association advanced cardiac life support guidelines. INTERVENTIONS--High-dose epinephrine (HDE, 15 mg), high-dose norepinephrine bitartrate (NE, 11 mg), or standard-dose epinephrine (SDE, 1 mg) was blindly substituted for advanced cardiac life support doses of epinephrine. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Restoration of spontaneous circulation in the field, admission to hospital, hospital discharge, and Cerebral Performance Category score. RESULTS--Of 2694 patients with cardiac arrests during the study period, resuscitation was attempted on 1062 patients. Of this total, 816 patients met study criteria and were enrolled. In the entire cardiac arrest population, 63% of the survivors were among the 11% of patients who were defibrillated by first responders. The three drug treatment groups were similar for all independent variables. Thirteen percent of patients receiving HDE regained a pulse in the field vs 8% of those receiving SDE (P = .01), and 18% of HDE patients were admitted to the hospital vs 10% of SDE patients who were admitted to the hospital (P = .02). Similar trends for NE were not significant. There were 18 survivors; 1.7% of HDE patients and 2.6% of NE patients were discharged from the hospital compared with 1.2% of SDE patients, but this was not significant (P = .37; beta = .38). There was a nonsignificant trend for Cerebral Performance Category scores to be worse for HDE (3.2) and NE patients (3.7) than for SDE patients (2.3) (P = .10; beta = .31). No significant complications were identified. High-dose epinephrine did not produce longer hospital or critical care unit stays. CONCLUSIONS--High-dose epinephrine significantly improves the rate of return of spontaneous circulation and hospital admission in patients who are in prehospital cardiac arrest without increasing complications. However, the increase in hospital discharge rate is not statistically significant, and no significant trend could be determined for neurological outcome. No benefit of NE compared with HDE was identified. Further study is needed to determine the optimal role of epinephrine in prehospital cardiac arrest. 相似文献
17.
[目的]探讨心脏骤停的临床特点、ECG类型、骤停6min与存活率关系、急诊急救措施。[方法]回顾性分析2000~2005年大连市沙河口区医院心脏骤停47例患者的临床资料,并予以统计学分析。[结果]心脏骤停47例,死亡23例,0~6min内开始实施CPR者25例,死亡4例,存活率84.0%,6~30min内19例,死亡16例,存活率15.8%,心脏骤停6min内存活率明显高于6~30min存活率(P〈0.01)。[结论]各种致病因素引起的心脏骤停院前急救和院内急救6min内开始实施至关重要。 相似文献
18.
目的:寻找肾上腺素用于心肺复苏的最佳剂量。方法:选择成年杂种犬60条,随机分为6组,造成心梗模型后致颤,分别给予0.02、0.05、0.075、0.1、0.2、0.3mg/kg体重的肾上腺素进行心肺复苏,比较心肺复苏的成功率,恢复自主循环的时间及自主循环恢复1min后血流动力学指标的变化;并以电镜技术观察肾上腺素对心肌组织的影响。结果:0.075mg/kg和0.1mg/kg体重组复苏的成功率明显高于其他各组(P<0.05),且此两组自主循环的恢复时间明显短于其他各组(P<0.05);各组复苏1min后血流动力学指标的变化:随着剂量的增加,收缩压、舒张压、左室收缩末压逐渐增加,但心输出量和冠脉血流量却在0.075mg/kg体重组达最高,与其他各组比较P值均<0.05,超过0.1mg/kg心输出量和冠脉血流量不再继续增加;电镜所见:各组非梗塞区的心肌组织只有轻微改变,与所用的肾上腺素的剂量无关。结论:犬心肺复苏过程中应用0.075mg/kg和0.1mg/kg体重的肾上腺素为最佳剂量 相似文献
19.
腺苷受体拮抗剂氨茶碱在肾上腺素无效心脏停搏患者的应用 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
目的;探讨腺苷受体拮抗剂氨茶碱在肾上腺素无效的心脏停搏患者心肺复苏中的作用。方法:对13例心脏停搏后肾上腺素无效的病例,给予静脉注射氨茶碱(0.5 ̄1.0g),观察心律,血压,呼吸等生命体征的变化,结果:氨茶碱注射后自主循环和自主呼吸恢复率均为76.9%(10/13),6h存活率为81.5%(8/13),24h尖率为46.1%(6/13)。有1例心肺脑复苏成功,意识清楚;有2例心肺复苏成功,呈植物 相似文献
20.
目的探讨脂肪乳剂救治布比卡因所致心脏骤停时肾上腺素合理使用时机,并观察大鼠复苏效果。方法将20只雄性SD大鼠随机分为推注脂肪乳剂后给予肾上腺素组(ALE组)、推注脂肪乳剂后延迟1min给予肾上腺素组(DLE组),每组10只。大鼠股静脉推注布比卡因15mg/kg,心脏停搏后1min推注脂肪乳剂负荷量(5ml/kg),随后以1ml/(kg·min)速度持续输注5min。同时ALE组于心脏停搏后75s注射肾上腺素10滋g/kg,135s注射0.9%氯化钠注射液0.1ml,DLE组在75s注射0.9%氯化钠注射液0.1ml,135s注射肾上腺素10滋g/kg。如若自主循环未恢复则在4min后追加肾上腺素5滋g/kg,随后每隔2min追加肾上腺素5滋g/kg,直至自主循环恢复或者20min复苏期末。记录两组大鼠血流动力学指标及20min复苏末血气值、复苏率、存活率、肺湿干比、肺泡损伤率和布比卡因浓度等并作比较。结果ALE组和DLE组存活率分别为100%和40%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。复苏后ALE组SBP和RPP均高于DLE组(P<0.01)。ALE组心脏停搏后2min和20min的pH较DLE组高(P<0.05)。两组大鼠肺湿干比和肺泡损伤率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。心肌组织布比卡因浓度ALE组显著低于DLE组(P<0.05)。结论在布比卡因导致的心脏停搏模型中,注射脂肪乳剂后延迟注射肾上腺素不利于心脏早期复跳,降低复苏成功率。 相似文献