卡介克蟹对人胎胸腺和脾脏细胞LAK活性的调节作用

卡介克蟹是ＢＣＧ的提取物。应用ＭＴＴ法观察了卡介克蟹对人胎儿胸腺和脾脏细胞ＬＡＫ活性的影响，结果显示：人胎胸腺及脾脏细胞经ＩＬ－２诱导后均能产生明显的ＬＡＫ细胞杀伤活性；卡介克蟹能协同增强ＩＬ－２诱导的胸腺及脾脏细胞ＬＡＫ杀伤活性；且卡介克蟹与ＰＨＡ和ＩＬ－２三者联合诱导的ＬＡＫ细胞杀伤活性不仅高于ＰＨＡ和ＩＬ－２和及ＩＬ－２卡介克蟹联合诱导的ＬＡＫ活性，更明显高于仅用ＩＬ－２单独诱导的胸腺和脾细胞ＬＡＫ杀伤活性。提示卡介克蟹可能成为ＬＡＫ治疗中的生物反应调节剂（ＢＲＭ）。     

L615白血病抑癌因子协同三种中药成分体内抗白血病的作用

对中药有效成分小蘖胺（Ｂｅｒ），黄芪多糖（ＡＰＳ．）和当归多糖（ＡＰ）协同白血病抑癌因子（ＣＳＦ）体内抗白血病的效应进行了实验性研究。实验结果显示Ｂｅｒ，ＡＰＳ和ＡＰ三种中药有效成分均有一定的抗白血病效应，可使Ｌ６１５白血病小鼠的生存期从６ｄ延长到８．８ｄ．注射ＣＳＦ的实验小鼠生存期显著延长，存活１５ｄ以上的小鼠占３３．３±７．２％，平均存活１５１．７±５８．５ｄ。而ＣＳＦ与Ｂｅｒ，ＡＰＳ和ＡＰ联合使用的各组小鼠生存期延长更为显著，其中ＣＳＦ／Ｂｅｒ组，有７５％的小鼠平均生存期为２７５ｄ，平均生命延长率高达４５８９％，超过治愈标准的３００％。同时各脏器组织结构恢复正常，白血病细胞和标记染色体消失，结果显示：Ｂｅｒ，ＡＰＳ和ＡＰ具有改善机体的免疫功能，促进免疫细胞活化，促进机体释放内原性抗肿瘤生物活性因子，并加强其抗肿瘤的生物活性，与ＣＳＦ联合使用，可明显增强杀伤肿瘤和抑制肿瘤生长的能力。这一结果对于在临床上进一步推广肿瘤生物学治疗的应用将有着非常重要的意义。     

IL—2治疗微小残留白血病的动物实验研究

本研究建立了小鼠Ｌ７８１１微小残留白血病模型，观察了白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）对该模型鼠的疗效。给接种Ｌ７８１１淋巴白血病细胞并已发病的６１５小鼠注射环磷酰胺治疗，小鼠生存期虽延长，但最终均死于白血病复发，用生存期推测经环磷酰胺治疗后４８小时，小鼠体内残留白血病细胞数约为１０＾３个，可作为小鼠微小残留白血病模型。模型鼠经ＩＬ－２治疗后，平均生存期明显延长。     

IL－2治疗微小残留白血病的动物实验研究

本研究建立了小鼠Ｌ７８１１微小残留白血病模型，观察了白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）对该模型鼠的疗效。给接种Ｌ７８１１淋巴白血病细胞并已发病的６１５小鼠注射环磷酰胺治疗，小鼠生存期虽延长，但最终均死于白血病复发。用生存期推测经环磷酰胺治疗后４８小时，小鼠体内残留白血病细胞数约为１０３个，可作为小鼠微小残留白血病模型。模型鼠经－２治疗后，平均生存期明显延长．     

肺癌常用化疗药物对IL－2诱导LAK细胞活性的影响

选用３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ释放法及掺入法分别检测ＬＡＫ细胞活性、ＬＡＫ细胞增殖功能及９种临床常用肺癌化疗药物对ＬＡＫ细胞抗肿瘤活性的影响。结果显示，不同化疗药物对ＩＬ－２诱导ＬＡＫ细胞活性的影响不同，同种化疗药物不同浓度间的影响也有差异。卡铂（Ｃａｒｂｏ）、足叶乙甙（ＶＰ１６）、５－氟尿嘧啶（５－Ｆｕ）有增强作用；环磷酰胺（ＣＴＸ）、顺铂（ＣＤＤＰ）、长春新碱（ＶＣＲ）、甲氨喋呤（ＭＴＸ）对ＩＬ－２诱导ＬＡＫ细胞活性无明显影响；阿霉素（ＡＤＭ）、丝裂霉素（ＭＭＣ）在较高浓度时，抑制ＬＡＫ细胞活性产生。除ＣＴＸ外的８种药物均显著抑制ＬＡＫ细胞增殖功能。实验表明：常规剂量的化疗不会抑制ＬＡＫ细胞活性的产生，５－Ｆｕ、Ｃａｒｂｏ、ＶＰ１６与ＩＬ－２结合抗癌可望产生协同疗效．ＩＬ－２先于化疗给药并维持至化疗后一定时间，其联合抗癌效果可能更佳。     

白细胞介素2,4及肿瘤坏死因子对LAK细胞活性的影响

为了提高淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞（ＬＡＫ细胞）对乙肝病毒感染细胞的杀伤活性，研究了白细胞介素２（ＩＬ２），白细胞介素４（ＩＬ４）和肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）单独及不同组合时，所诱生的ＬＡＫ细胞对ＨｅｐＧ２细胞和２２ｌ５细胞的杀伤活性，并初步研究了ＬＡＫ细胞的活化及杀伤机制。结果表明：三种细胞因子的组合诱导较两种细胞因子组合好，而两两组合又较单独诱导好；另外，ＩＬ２单独诱导时，随其剂量的增加，细胞表面ＩＬ２受体（ＩＬ—２Ｒ）表达量也增加，细胞内溶酶体含量也增加，其对靶细胞的杀伤活性也增加，均呈正相关。提示ＩＬ—２Ｒ和溶酶体可能参与ＬＡＫ细胞的活化和杀伤机制。     

脐血LAK细胞的制备及其生物活性的测定

目的 寻找新的高效杀伤活性的细胞,探讨脐血单个核细胞作为ＬＡＫ细胞前体细胞的可行性和意义。方法 分离的脐血单个核细胞,分别用ＩＬ－２和ＩＬ－２＋ＩＮＦα诱导ＬＡＫ细胞,并于培养后ｄ２,４,７,１１,１４分别测其细胞扩增数量和对Ｋ５６２细胞的杀伤活性。结果 于培养后ｄ１１时,脐血单个核细胞的扩增倍数最高,两组分别为培养前的２０倍和２５倍。其对Ｋ５６２的杀伤活性分别对对照培养前的２．７倍和３．５倍。结     

猪苓多糖抗肿瘤作用的机制研究

通过猪苓多糖对小鼠移植性肿瘤生长的影响，研究了猎苓多糖的抑瘤机制，实验结果表明，１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的猪苓多糖对小鼠Ｓ１８０肉瘤细胞的生长具有显著抑制作用，抑制率为３２．９０％，与ＩＬ－２联合应用具有协同抑瘤作用，抑瘤率为５７．１２％。猪苓多糖明显增强荷瘤小鼠脾ＬＡＫ细胞杀伤肿瘤细胞的活性，提高红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体的活性。     

肿瘤化疗药物对人LAK细胞活性的影响

用四氮唑（ＭＴＴ）法分别检测顺氨氯铂（ＰＤＤ），丝裂霉素－Ｃ（ＭＭＣ）、阿霉素（ＡＭＤ）、氟尿嘧啶（５－Ｆｕ），阿糖胞苷（Ａｒａ－ｃ），长春新碱（ＶＣＲ）对ＩＬ－２诱导人外周血ＬＡＫ细胞活性的影响，及其与ＬＡＫ细胞对胃癌细胞的相加杀伤作用。①ＭＭＣ、ＡＤＭ、５－Ｆｕ、ＶＣＲ对ＩＬ－２诱导ＬＡＫ细胞活性稍有下降，Ａｒａ－Ｃ能抑制ＩＬ－２诱导ＬＡＫ细胞活性，ＰＤＤ对ＩＬ－２诱导ＬＡＫ细胞活性明显提高。     

联合应用IL-2和IL-3的基因疗法增强骨髓移植后骨髓细胞毒活性及抗肿瘤效果的实验研究

目的：探讨联合应用成纤维细胞介导ＩＬ２和ＩＬ３的基因疗法对骨髓移植（ＢＭＴ）后荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤作用的效果及机理。方法：将分别转染ＩＬ２基因及ＩＬ３基因的ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３细胞以单独或联合方式移植至ＢＭＴ的荷瘤小鼠腹腔内８ｄ后，取出小鼠骨髓细胞检测杀伤活性的变化以及ＩＬ２受体的表达，并观察荷瘤小鼠的存活期。结果：ＩＬ３基因治疗虽然可加速ＢＭＴ后造血重建过程，但对骨髓细胞的ＮＫ、ＬＡＫ活性具有一定的抑制作用；ＩＬ２基因治疗可明显提高骨髓细胞的杀伤活性；联合应用基因治疗后荷瘤小鼠骨髓ＮＫ、ＬＡＫ活性及骨髓细胞ＣＤ２５表达升高，明显延长大剂量化疗后接受ＢＭＴ的荷瘤小鼠的存活期。结论：联合应用ＩＬ２和ＩＬ３的基因疗法能协同提高骨髓细胞ＩＬ２受体表达水平，提高骨髓细胞毒活性，增强ＢＭＴ后的抗肿瘤效果。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.