某部飞行人员与地勤人员军事训练软组织损伤流行病学调查

目的通过调研沈阳战区陆航某部寒区飞行人员与地勤人员军事训练伤的发生与分布情况,分析其发生的流行病学特点及趋势。方法设计制作《部队训练伤管理情况调查问卷》,分别抽取陆航某部直升机飞行人员100人、地勤人员300人进行问卷调查。结果共回收有效问卷377份,其中,飞行人员有效问卷98份,地勤人员有效问卷279份。飞行人员训练伤发生率为30.6%(30/98),显著高于地勤人员的21.8%(61/279)。其中,飞行人员发生训练伤最多的部位是脚踝11例(36.7%)、膝盖11例(36.7%);地勤人员训练伤最多的部位是腰部25例(41.0%)。飞行人员与地勤人员发生训练伤的类型最多的均是腰肌劳损,分别为15例(50.0%)和26例(42.6%)。训练伤发生时间最多的是在春季,占全年的41.8%。结论飞行人员与地勤人员训练伤发生率均较高,有针对性地实施预防保护措施可降低训练伤的发生率。     

空军某部飞行人员人格特征研究

目的：研究飞行人员人格特征和比较不同飞行年限飞行人员人格特征的差异。方法：采用卡特尔16种人格因素问卷（16PF）对空军某部飞行人员67例进行测评。结果：飞行人员稳定性、恃强性、兴奋性和敢为性4个因素分值显著高于全国成年男性常模;敏感性、怀疑性、忧虑性、独立性和紧张性5个因素分值显著低于全国成年男性常模。飞行年限≥10年的飞行人员独立性和创造能力2个因素分值显著高于飞行年限〈10年的飞行人员。结论：飞行人员具有良好的人格特征。     

空军飞行人员与地勤人员窦性心动过缓比较分析

窦性心动过缓(窦缓)在飞行人员大体检中极为常见.为探讨飞行人员窦缓的临床意义,我们对来院疗养的飞行人员与地勤人员的检查结果进行了对照研究.     

患失眠症飞行人员的心理评估与疗养治疗

目的评估患失眠症飞行人员的心理健康状况,并有针对性地利用疗养条件实施治疗。方法采用《中国飞行人员心理健康量表》,对大体检中诊断为单纯性失眠症的飞行人员进行测试,对比分析入院、出院及健康飞行人员的测评结果。结果患失眠症的飞行人员过度自我关心,情绪稳定性、焦虑性、敏感性及紧张性等因素的平均分均较高,与健康组飞行人员相比,差异有显著性意义,经疗养后情绪稳定性、焦虑性、紧张性有明显降低,差异有显著性意义。结论患失眠症的飞行人员有不同程度的心理障碍。通过心理调节和其它综合疗养措施可以改善其情绪稳定性、焦虑性及紧张性,从而改善睡眠状况。     

情绪应激和人格特征对飞行人员神经衰弱的临床意义

目的探讨情绪应激和人格特征对飞行人员神经衰弱患者的影响及其临床意义。方法飞行人员１０１例，分为对照、病例两组，采用“病例－对照”研究方法，采用症状自评量表，明尼苏达多相个性调查问卷和卡特尔１６种人格因素测量问卷等心理学测量方法。数据分析采用ＯＲ、χ２和多因素拟合条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析曲线模型等统计学指标。结果病例组：①有明显情绪应激因素存在，最为突出的是躯体化症状、抑郁症状、焦虑症状和精神病质等；②与对照组相比，具有明显的内向人格特征；③条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析提示，个体的人格结构和情绪应激等心理因素与疾病有密切的相关关系。结论心理学检查和评定，有助于神经衰弱的诊断、鉴别诊断和针对性的治疗；具有特征性“神经症人格结构”的个体是飞行环境下神经衰弱的易感人群之一，应采取必要的防护措施；应尽快建立在岗飞行人员的心理素质考评制度，加强对病态心理倾向者的筛选。     

基层战士人际关系状况及其归因风格与个性特征的研究

 目的 研究武警部队基层战士人际关系状况及其归因因素与个性特征等方面的影响因素.方法 应用自制军人人际关系调查表、症状自评量表、艾森克人格问卷、多维度-多归因量表(MMCS)的人际关系分量表,对320名男性武警战士进行心理测评.结果 (1)有73.1%(228人)的基层战士对自己的人际关系持肯定态度,有14.1%(44人)的战士认为一般,有12.8%(40人)的战士持否定态度 .基层战士人际交往中的不良情绪主要为自卑、猜疑、敌对、嫉妒、孤僻、躲避等.(2) 人际关系敏感组与对照组在失败归因、能力、背景、运气及艾森克人格问卷四个分量表的评分均有显著性差异,在成功归因及努力两项的评分无显著性差异.Logistic回归分析得出, 与基层战士人际关系敏感有关的因素是神经质、内外倾向和背景.结论 多数武警战士的人际关系良好,与敏感性与个性特征、归因等因素密切相关.     

武警干部艾森克人格问卷和症状自评量表评定结果分析

 目的 探讨武警干部群体的人格特征和心理健康状况.方法 应用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ) 和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对某部195名干部进行心理测查.结果 (1) 有轻度以上心理问题的干部占21.03%;(2) 干部的神经质、精神质与内外向人格特征为中间型,较为成熟;(3) EPQ得分与SCL-90的相关分析表明,干部中情绪不稳定和精神质越明显者,倾向于出现更多的心理健康问题,但很少见.结论 (1)武警干部存在范围较小、程度较轻的心理健康问题;(2)武警干部人格是健全的;(3)必须重视武警干部心理健康教育和良好的人格培养,目前开展的心理教育活动已取得一定效果;(4)对预提干部进行心理测查是必要的.     

Effects of big‐five personality traits on the quality of relationship and satisfaction in Chinese coach–athlete dyads

The present study examined the influence of personality traits on the quality of the Chinese coach–athlete relationship and satisfaction through a dyadic research design. A total of 350 coach–athlete dyads completed a self‐report instrument that assessed personality traits, as well as perceptions of relationship quality and satisfaction with training. Results revealed that: (a) actor effects (i.e., actor's personality will predict his or her own perceptions of relationship quality) of personality traits, namely, conscientiousness, extroversion, and neuroticism, on both coaches' and athletes' perceptions of relationship quality and (b) partner effects (an actor's own personality will predict his or her partner's perceptions of relationship quality) of only athletes' personality, namely, conscientiousness, extroversion, and neuroticism, on their coaches' perceptions of relationship quality. The findings suggested that each relationship member's personality trait contributed independently to relationship quality, and both actor and partner effects of the relationship quality on satisfaction with training were found to be significant. In Chinese sports culture, there presents a unique dynamics of personality and relationship quality among coach–athlete dyad.     

计算机化神经行为测试评价系统（NES-C3）评价慢性低氧对人神经行为功能的影响

目的：运用NES-C3探讨慢性低氧对人神经行为功能的影响。方法：随即抽取海拔2800m、3500m、4200m处的养路工人44人、41人、36人,严格按照WHO/NCTB测试指南的要求用NES-C3对受试者进行神经行为功能测试。结果：抑郁-沮丧和疲惫-惰性2个情感得分是随着海拔上升而升高（P〈0.01）;记忆扫描平均耗时、记忆扫描能力指数和连续识别记忆能力指数有明显变化（P〈0.01）;曲线吻合准确数和曲线吻合能力指数随着海拔高度的增加有明显改变（P〈0.05）;三个海拔梯度的系列加减和感知无明显变化（P〉0.05）。结论：NES-C3能较好地评价慢性低氧对人神经行为功能的损害,同时证实慢性低氧可致人的短期记忆能力下降,眼手协调能力降低。     

Reliability,internal consistency,and concurrent validity of a modified version of the dynamic gait index in people with vestibular disorders

BackgroundPeople with vestibular disorders often have abnormalities in gait and balance. The Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) is a relatively effective clinical gait measure that has been validated for use in patients with vestibular disorders. The modified version of the DGI (M-DGI) is based on the original DGI.Research questionThe objective of this study was to refine and test the clinical application of the M-DGI, and to investigate whether it is an effective indicator of dynamic gait in patients with vestibular disorders.MethodsA reliability and validity study. All raters reviewed the instructions and scoring criteria for each M-DGI item prior to the initial test. The raters simultaneously scored two M-DGI tasks for the 75 subjects, and the two tasks were completed with an interval of two hours in-between. Reliability of total M-DGI scores was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (2,1). Internal consistency of the M-DGI was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha. Concurrent validity of the M-DGI with Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and Timed “Up & Go” Test (TUG) was assessed using Spearman’s rank order correlation coefficient.Results and SignificanceInterrater and intrarater reliability of the total M-DGI scores were reflected by ICCs of 0.99 and 0.97. Internal consistency of the M-DGI score was 0.9975. Spearman’s rank order correlation coefficient of the M-DGI score with the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and the Timed “Up & Go” Test (TUG) was 0.72 and 0.65, respectively.The M-DGI demonstrates acceptable reliability, internal consistency, and concurrent validity for use as a clinical gait measurement for patients with vestibular disorders.     

亚洲维和官兵人格特征与心理健康状况的关系研究

目的 探讨亚洲三国维和官兵人格特征与心理健康状况的关系,为我国维和官兵的心理干预提供参考.方法 随机抽取2007年印度、巴基斯坦和孟加拉国赴利比里亚维和官兵380名作为研究对象,于到达维和任务区第7天和第120天采用《中国军人心理健康量表》(CMMHS)和《艾森克人格问卷》(EPQ)对其进行测评.结果 除焦虑因子分外,第120天时维和官兵CMMHS量表的总分及其他各因子分均显著低于第7天(P＜0.05或0.01).单因素直线相关分析显示,维和官兵CMMHS总分及精神病性、神经衰弱因子分前后两次的差值与神经质分量表得分呈正相关(P＜0.05或0.01),抑郁因子分前后两次的差值与内外向分量表呈负相关(P＜0.01).多元逐步回归分析显示,内外向、神经质分别进入以抑郁、精神病性、神经衰弱及CMMHS总分差值为因变量的回归方程(P＜0.05或0.01).结论 亚洲维和官兵的人格特征与心理健康状况关系密切,人格特征能明显影响个体的心理健康状况.     

Cumberland踝关节不稳定评定问卷的汉化与信度、效度分析

目的:汉化Cumberland踝关节不稳定评价问卷(Cumberland ankle instability tool,CAIT)并进行测量学特性评价,为中文版CAIT在汉语系人群中的推广应用提供有力依据。方法:依据自评量表跨文化调试流程指南(Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptationof self report measures)汉化CAIT,并从内部一致性(internal consistency)、重测信度(test-retest reliability)、天花板效应和地板效应(ceiling and floor effects)、以及问卷的响应性(responsiveness)等4个方面对汉化版CAIT进行测量学特性评价。选择两组受试者:一组为普通受试组(n=138),从本院医护人员中招募;一组为接受治疗组(n=43),来自因急性踝关节扭伤而来医院就诊的患者。结果:中文版CAIT具备较高的内部一致性(左踝克朗巴哈(Cronbach)系数=0.815,右踝克朗巴哈系数=0.814)、重测信度(ICC=0.99,95%CI=0.986~0.992)和响应性(效应量系数=1.8),且未观察到天花板效应和地板效应。本研究为在汉语系人群中开展踝关节功能性不稳的评价提供了一种确切有效的问卷工具。     

乳腺癌改良根治术患者血清CYFRA21 1、TK1及CA15 3水平变化及其与术后复发的相关性研究

目的探讨乳腺癌改良根治术患者血清细胞角蛋白19片段（cytokeratin 19 fragment,CYFRA21-1）、胸苷激酶1（thymidine kinase 1,TK1）及癌抗原15-3（cancer antigen 15-3,CA15-3）水平变化及其与术后复发的相关性。方法选取2015年1月—2017年8月成都医学院第一附属医院行乳腺癌改良根治术患者125例作为乳腺癌组,选取同期体检的年龄、性别匹配的健康体检者125例作为对照组,检测乳腺癌组改良根治术前后及对照组血清CYFRA21-1、TK1及CA15-3水平,根据乳腺癌术后有无复发分复发组和未复发组,比较2组患者血清CYFRA21-1、TK1及CA15-3水平。结果乳腺癌TNM-Ⅰ期患者CYFRA21-1、TK1、CA15-3水平低于TNM Ⅱ期、Ⅲa期患者（P＜0.05）;TNM Ⅱ期低于Ⅲa期患者,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;乳腺癌组术后CYFRA21-1、TK1、CA15-3水平低于术前（P＜0.05）,乳腺癌组手术前后CYFRA21-1、TK1、CA15-3水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;截止随访时间29例复发,复发率23.2%。复发组血清CYFRA21 1、TK1、CA15-3水平显著高于未复发组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,Logistic回归分析显示,血清CYFRA21-1、TK1、CA15-3水平与术后复发存在关联性（P＜0.05）;ROC曲线分析显示,CYFRA21-1、TK1、CA15-3联合预测乳腺癌术后复发的特异度、敏感度高于单一指标检测。结论乳腺癌改良根治术后血清CYFRA21-1、TK1、CA15-3水平与术后复发有关。     

Measurement of left ventricular volumes and function with O-15-labeled carbon monoxide gated positron emission tomography: Comparison with magnetic resonance imaging

BACKGROUND: Positron emission tomography (PET) with inhaled oxygen 15-labeled carbon monoxide (CO) is used as a marker of myocardial blood pool. Only a limited number of studies with small numbers of patients have reported on the assessment of left ventricular (LV) volumes by use of O-15-labeled CO. The aim of this study was to compare LV volumes and function as measured by routinely acquired blood pool images by use of gated O-15-labeled CO PET with the reference technique, cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-four subjects with a varying degree of LV function were studied. LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), LV end-systolic volume (LVESV), and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) were determined by both MRI and gated PET by use of O-15-labeled CO. Volumes were comparable with respect to LVEDV (196 +/- 83 and 192 +/- 91 mL, respectively; P = not significant). LVESV, however, was slightly overestimated by PET (119 +/- 85 and 136 +/- 94 mL, respectively; P < .05), resulting in a significant underestimation of LVEF (44% +/- 19% and 35% +/- 18%, respectively; P < .05). Observed correlations for LVEDV, LVESV, and LVEF were 0.90, 0.96, and 0.86, respectively (all P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Gated O-15-labeled CO PET measurements of LVEDV, LVESV, and LVEF show good correlation with MRI over a wide range of LV volumes during routinely acquired blood pool images. LVEF, however, may be underestimated compared with MRI.     

武警官兵白大衣高血压患者A型行为和个性特征调查

 目的 调查武警官兵白大衣高血压(white coat hypertension,WCH)患者行为和个性特征,探讨应对方式.方法 对2009年武警官兵春季体检中检出的31例WCH患者,进行A型行为问卷和艾森克个性问卷评估,并与同一人群中38例同龄、同性别持续性高血压患者以及55例同龄、同性别体检健康者测试结果比较.结果 A型行为问卷测试比较中,WCH组的TH、CH分量表得分以及TH和CH之和均明显高于持续性高血压组及对照组(P＜0.05).艾森克个性问卷比较中,WCH组E分值明显低于持续性高血压组及对照组,同时L分值均明显高于后两者(P＜0.05).结论 武警部队官兵WCH患者具有明显的A型行为倾向,同时还存在内向人格倾向及人格不稳定性等个性特点.