Clinician and Health Care Leaders' Experiences with—and Perceptions of—COVID-19 Documentation Reduction Policies and Practices

Background  Substantial strategies to reduce clinical documentation were implemented by health care systems throughout the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic at national and local levels. This natural experiment provides an opportunity to study the impact of documentation reduction strategies on documentation burden among clinicians and other health professionals in the United States. Objectives  The aim of this study was to assess clinicians'' and other health care leaders'' experiences with and perceptions of COVID-19 documentation reduction strategies and identify which implemented strategies should be prioritized and remain permanent post-pandemic. Methods  We conducted a national survey of clinicians and health care leaders to understand COVID-19 documentation reduction strategies implemented during the pandemic using snowball sampling through professional networks, listservs, and social media. We developed and validated a 19-item survey leveraging existing post-COVID-19 policy and practice recommendations proposed by Sinsky and Linzer. Participants rated reduction strategies for impact on documentation burden on a scale of 0 to 100. Free-text responses were thematically analyzed. Results  Of the 351 surveys initiated, 193 (55%) were complete. Most participants were informaticians and/or clinicians and worked for a health system or in academia. A majority experienced telehealth expansion (81.9%) during the pandemic, which participants also rated as highly impactful (60.1–61.5) and preferred that it remain (90.5%). Implemented at lower proportions, documenting only pertinent positives to reduce note bloat (66.1 ± 28.3), c hanging compliance rules and performance metrics to eliminate those without evidence of net benefit (65.7 ± 26.3), and electronic health record (EHR) optimization sprints (64.3 ± 26.9) received the highest impact scores compared with other strategies presented; support for these strategies widely ranged (49.7–63.7%). Conclusion  The results of this survey suggest there are many perceived sources of and solutions for documentation burden. Within strategies, we found considerable support for telehealth, documenting pertinent positives, and changing compliance rules. We also found substantial variation in the experience of documentation burden among participants.     

Impact of Changes in EHR Use during COVID-19 on Physician Trainee Mental Health

Objectives  This article investigates the association between changes in electronic health record (EHR) use during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the rate of burnout, stress, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety among physician trainees (residents and fellows). Methods  A total of 222 (of 1,375, 16.2%) physician trainees from an academic medical center responded to a Web-based survey. We compared the physician trainees who reported that their EHR use increased versus those whose EHR use stayed the same or decreased on outcomes related to depression, anxiety, stress, PTSD, and burnout using univariable and multivariable models. We examined whether self-reported exposure to COVID-19 patients moderated these relationships. Results  Physician trainees who reported increased use of EHR had higher burnout (adjusted mean, 1.48 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24, 1.71] vs. 1.05 [95% CI 0.93, 1.17]; p  = 0.001) and were more likely to exhibit symptoms of PTSD (adjusted mean = 15.09 [95% CI 9.12, 21.05] vs. 9.36 [95% CI 7.38, 11.28]; p  = 0.035). Physician trainees reporting increased EHR use outside of work were more likely to experience depression (adjusted mean, 8.37 [95% CI 5.68, 11.05] vs. 5.50 [95% CI 4.28, 6.72]; p  = 0.035). Among physician trainees with increased EHR use, those exposed to COVID-19 patients had significantly higher burnout (2.04, p  < 0.001) and depression scores (14.13, p  = 0.003). Conclusion  Increased EHR use was associated with higher burnout, depression, and PTSD outcomes among physician trainees. Although preliminary, these findings have implications for creating systemic changes to manage the wellness and well-being of trainees.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间南宁市居民心理健康状况调查

目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间南宁市居民焦虑、抑郁情绪的发生状况,为对特殊时期居家居民进行心理疏导提供参考依据。 方法2020年2月7日至2月14日期间,在微信平台发布自制一般资料问卷及标准化焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）对312名南宁市居民的焦虑、抑郁状况进行网络测评。 结果本研究中SAS评分为（39.44±9.77）分,高于中国常模［（37.23±12.59）分;t=4.00,P<0.01］;SDS评分为（45.22±11.74）分,高于中国常模［（41.88±10.57）分;t=5.03,P<0.01］。多元线性回归分析结果显示担心被传染、疫情后影响睡眠情况是产生焦虑情绪的危险因素;文化程度低、疫情后影响睡眠质量是抑郁情绪的危险因素。 结论新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间南宁市居民存在焦虑、抑郁心理负性情绪,尤其是过度担心被传染者、睡眠质量变差者、文化程度较低者,应加强关注居民的精神心理健康。     

Lipid profile changes in patients with COVID-19 referred to medical centers in Kermanshah,Iran; a case–control study

ObjectiveTo evaluate blood lipid profiles in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to explore the association with disease severity.MethodsThis case–control study included patients with COVID-19, referred to two medical centers in Kermanshah, Iran (between July 2020 and December 2020), and healthy controls. Lipid profiles were evaluated in patients who were grouped according to severe (intensive care unit [ICU]), or less severe (outpatient), forms of COVID-19, and in healthy controls, and were compared among the three groups.ResultsA total of 132 participants were included, comprising ICU (n = 49), outpatient (n = 48) and control (n = 35) groups. Mean cholesterol levels were lower in the patient groups than in controls; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were higher in the ICU group versus outpatients, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were lower in the ICU group versus outpatients. The frequency of diabetes and hypertension was higher in the ICU group than in the outpatient group. Furthermore, LDL-C level was associated with disease severity (odds ratio 0.966, 95% confidence interval 0.944, 0.989).ConclusionLipid profiles differ between severe and less severe forms of COVID-19. LDL-C level may be a useful indicator of COVID-19 severity.     

慢性病患儿父母应激源、应对方式、心理状态及其影响因素的研究

目的了解慢性病患儿父母的应激源、应对方式、心理状态及其影响因素,为临床工作者提供信息,为临床干预提供依据。方法对280名慢性病儿童父母进行调查,采用半结构访谈方式了解其应激源,采用CHIP应对方式量表、Zung焦虑自评量表（SAS）和Zung抑郁自评量表（SDS）了解其应对方式、焦虑、抑郁状态。结果患儿父母应激源主要包括6个方面：患儿病情及身体状况、疾病治疗、经济方面、照顾患儿方面、角色功能及沟通交流。父母采用的积极应对方法比较局限,更多集中在为患儿寻求和维持更好的疾病治疗方面,而忽视了其自身的心理调节和寻求社会支持。58．6％的父母存在焦虑,56．8％存在抑郁,49．6％的父母同时存在焦虑和抑郁。父母应激源越多压力程度越大,采用积极应对方式的频率越少,焦虑和抑郁程度越重;良好的心理状态与其积极的应对方式呈正相关。结论慢性病患儿父母应激源较多,压力较大,对积极的应对方式的选择还比较局限,心理问题也较严重,应引起重视。     

癫痫患儿家长焦虑、抑郁现状调查及其影响因素分析

目的:了解癫痫患儿家长的焦虑、抑郁现状并分析其影响因素。方法:采用一般情况问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)对2011年5-10月在某儿童医院神经内科就诊或住院的癫痫患儿父亲或母亲共104名进行问卷调查。结果:癫痫患儿家长SAS总得分为(49.41±6.99)分;SDS总得分为(59.68±8.47)分;家长学历和服药疗程知识是家长焦虑的影响因素,家长学历是家长抑郁的影响因素。结论:癫痫患儿家长存在焦虑和抑郁的心理问题,家长学历和服药疗程知识是其焦虑或抑郁的影响因素,可以通过加强对家长进行健康教育、改善患儿治疗效果来改善癫痫患儿家长的心理状况。     

治疗性沟通联合微信干预对急性心肌梗死患者自我感受负担和负性情绪的影响

目的 探讨治疗性沟通联合微信干预在急性心肌梗死患者中应用效果。 方法 选取2017年1-3月我院CCU治疗的48例急性心肌梗死患者对照组,接受常规住院护理;选取2017年4-6月我院CCU治疗的48例急性心肌梗死患者为实验组,接受治疗性沟通联合微信干预。比较2组患者自我感受负担、焦虑及抑郁评分。 结果 干预12周后,实验组自我感受负担量表各维度得分、SAS得分、SDS得分均低于对照组。 结论 对急性心肌梗死患者进行治疗性沟通联合微信干预能够显著减轻其自我感受负担,改善患者负性情绪。     

微信在妇科腔镜术后患者随访中的应用

目的 探讨微信平台对妇科腔镜手术后患者出院后随访中的应用价值。 方法 2018年10月至2019年9月期间接受妇科腔镜手术的患者84例,分为对照组和微信组,各42例。出院后,两组均进行相同内容的健康教育,包括伤口护理、院后康复训练指导等,对照组发放纸质材料,常规电话随访;微信组通过微信发放材料及随访,与患者沟通时可上传文本、语音、视频等资料。每周2次,至术后3~4周,最后一次为门诊面对面方式。出院当日和随访结束时采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和情感量表-2进行调查,并进行满意度调查。 结果 对照组失访7例。微信组满意度优于对照组(χ ² > 4.614, P < 0.05)。末次随访时,微信组SAS、SDS和情感量表-2评分均显著改善(| t| > 16.255, P < 0.001),且显著优于对照组(| t| > 10.293, P < 0.001);对照组在干预前后各量表评分变化不明显(| t| < 1.950, P > 0.05)。 结论 基于微信平台的随访对妇科腔镜术后患者的心理康复有积极影响。     

跨理论模型的照护行为干预对新诊断癫痫患儿家属照护行为及心理状况的影响

目的探讨跨理论模型(TTM)照护行为干预对新诊断癫痫患儿家属心理状况的影响。方法选择本市及周边地区2012年6月-2015年6月新诊断癫痫患儿的家属96例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各48例。两组在干预前均采用变化阶段量表、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对其进行基线评估。对照组患儿接受系统治疗护理,患儿家属接受一般心理护理和健康教育,观察组在与对照组相同护理基础上,根据评估结果,针对患儿家属制定并实施个性化的TTM照护行为干预,为期6个月。干预后对两组患儿家属进行跟进评估,分析干预前后患儿家属在照护行为变化阶段的分布情况及SAS、SDS得分的变化。结果干预6个月后,两组患儿家属的SAS、SDS得分比较,观察组明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01);观察组干预前后SAS、SDS得分比较,改善幅度明显大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论运用TTM为指导的照护行为干预,能有效改善新诊断癫痫患儿家属的照护行为,降低焦虑、抑郁水平,利于癫痫患儿的照护。     

Post-COVID-19 neuropsychiatric manifestations among COVID-19 survivors suffering from migraine: a case–control study

BackgroundThe burden of post-coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 symptoms has been increasing and is of great concern in patients with pre-existing chronic medical conditions.This study aimed to delineate the post-COVID-19 neuropsychiatric symptoms among migraine patients compared to the non-migraine control group.MethodsTwo groups, each of 204 COVID-19 survivors, were enrolled in the study after 3 months of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, one group fulfilling the episodic migraine criteria and the other serving as a matching control group. Subjects were evaluated through an in-person interview for post-COVID-19 neuropsychiatric symptoms, including detailed headache patterns and severity, using the visual analogue scale.ResultsThe Frequency of headache during the acute phase of COVID-19 was more frequent in migraine patients (OR = 1.60, 95%CI = 1.04–2.45, P-value = 0.031). The reported significant post-COVID-19 neuropsychiatric symptoms in migraine patients compared to controls were fatigue (OR = 1.662, 95%CI = 1.064–2.596, P-value = 0.025), anosmia/hyposmia (OR = 2.06, 95%CI = 1.164- 3.645, P-value = 0.012), cacosmia (OR = 2.663, 95%CI = 1.145–6.195, P-value = 0.019), depression (OR = 2.259, 95%CI = 1.284- 3.975, P-value = 0.004), anxiety (OR = 3.267, 95%CI = 1.747- 6.108, P-value ≤ 0.001), insomnia (OR = 2.203, 95%CI = 1.298- 3.739, P-value = 0.003), and headache (OR = 3.148, 95%CI = 1.616–6.136, P-value =  ≤ 0.001).While there was no statistically significant difference between migraine patients and controls regarding the post-COVID-19 functional status score (P-value = 0.102). The pattern of post-COVID-19 headache was reported as chronic headache transformation in 17.6% of the migraine group, with the median intensity rate being 5.5 and IQR (3–7). In the control group, 14% experienced chronic headache attributed to systemic viral infection with a median intensity rate of 2 and IQR (2–5), while 12% experienced a new daily persistent headache with a median intensity of 5 and IQR (1–6).ConclusionThe study highlighted the importance of follow-up migraine patients upon recovery from COVID-19 infection, being more vulnerable to post-COVID-19 symptoms.     

Comparative assessment of health-related quality of life with and without anticonvulsant therapy in patients with childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes

ObjectiveTo estimate anti-seizure medication (ASM) treatment burden and its effects on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in new-onset childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (CECTS) using different treatment approaches in Kazakhstan.MethodsForty-three patients were followed prospectively during 2015 to 2020 for at least 2 years. Patients were divided into three groups: (1) history of ≤3 seizures (n = 32); (2) ≥4 seizures (n = 6); (3) cerebral palsy coexisting with CECTS (n = 5). The first group was subdivided into treated (n = 8) and observed (n = 24) subgroups. The shortened Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy Questionnaire (QOLCE-55) was completed by parents after 6 months of follow-up.ResultsAt the end of the study, all children had a sustained remission from seizures for at least 2 years. Differences were identified in emotional, social, and physical subscales between patients in the low seizure frequency group. Signs of low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, limited social interaction owing to pharmacotherapy, painful medical procedures, and stigma were reasons for decreased HRQOL in the treated subgroup. Overall HRQOL in treated (89.2 ± 5.2) patients was significantly decreased compared with observed children with low seizure frequency (98.0 ± 3.0).ConclusionASM therapy does not necessarily improve and may decrease HRQOL in children with low seizure frequency CECTS.     

Trends in adolescent COVID-19 vaccination receipt and parental intent to vaccinate their adolescent children,United States,July to October, 2021

IntroductionThere was a five-fold increase in COVID-19 hospitalization case counts among children and adolescents between June and October 2021. However, polls suggest that adolescent COVID-19 vaccination coverage has plateaued in the United States.MethodsUsing the Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey, we assessed trends in COVID-19 vaccination among adolescents ages 12–17 years, parents’ intention to vaccinate their adolescent children, and their reasons for not intending to vaccinate their children from July to October 2021 using a large, nationally representative survey of U.S. households (n = 59,424). Trends in COVID-19 adolescent vaccination coverage, nationally and by sociodemographic characteristics, factors associated with adolescent vaccination status and parental intent to vaccinate their adolescent children, as well as changes in reasons for non-vaccination were examined using regression models.ResultsReceipt of ≥1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine among adolescents ages 12–17 years increased five percentage points, from 56% (July) to 61% (October), with significant increases across most sociodemographic variables. However, there were no significant changes in parental intention to vaccinate their adolescent children during the same time period. Approximately one-quarter of parents were unsure about or reluctant to vaccinate their children, which remained consistent from July to October. Among those who had not vaccinated their children, lack of trust in the government and vaccines, and the belief that the COVID-19 vaccine is not needed or effective, was higher in October compared to July.ConclusionsParental intention to vaccinate their children has remained relatively stable throughout the late summer and early fall of 2021. Encouraging paediatricians to discuss the importance and safety of COVID-19 vaccines, addressing concerns and misinformation, as well as recommending and offering vaccines are important for increasing parental confidence in vaccines as well as vaccination uptake among adolescents.

KEY MESSAGE

• Receipt of ≥1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine among adolescents ages 12–17 years increased five percentage points, from 56% (July) to 61% (October), with significant increases across most sociodemographic variables.
• Approximately one quarter of parents were unsure about or reluctant to vaccinate their children, which remained consistent from July to October.
• Encouraging paediatricians to discuss the importance and safety of COVID-19 vaccines, addressing concerns and misinformation, as well as recommending and offering vaccines is important for increasing parental confidence in vaccines as well as vaccination uptake among adolescents.

     

A Mobile Game Platform for Improving Social Communication in Children with Autism: A Feasibility Study

Background  Many children with autism cannot receive timely in-person diagnosis and therapy, especially in situations where access is limited by geography, socioeconomics, or global health concerns such as the current COVD-19 pandemic. Mobile solutions that work outside of traditional clinical environments can safeguard against gaps in access to quality care. Objective  The aim of the study is to examine the engagement level and therapeutic feasibility of a mobile game platform for children with autism. Methods  We designed a mobile application, GuessWhat , which, in its current form, delivers game-based therapy to children aged 3 to 12 in home settings through a smartphone. The phone, held by a caregiver on their forehead, displays one of a range of appropriate and therapeutically relevant prompts (e.g., a surprised face) that the child must recognize and mimic sufficiently to allow the caregiver to guess what is being imitated and proceed to the next prompt. Each game runs for 90 seconds to create a robust social exchange between the child and the caregiver. Results  We examined the therapeutic feasibility of GuessWhat in 72 children (75% male, average age 8 years 2 months) with autism who were asked to play the game for three 90-second sessions per day, 3 days per week, for a total of 4 weeks. The group showed significant improvements in Social Responsiveness Score-2 (SRS-2) total (3.97, p <0.001) and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-II (VABS-II) socialization standard (5.27, p  = 0.002) scores. Conclusion  The results support that the GuessWhat mobile game is a viable approach for efficacious treatment of autism and further support the possibility that the game can be used in natural settings to increase access to treatment when barriers to care exist.     

Health Information Exchange between Specialists and General Practitioners Benefits Rural Patients

Background  Health information exchange (HIE) may improve diagnostic accuracy, treatment efficacy, and safety by providing treating physicians with expert advice. However, most previous studies on HIE have been observational in nature. Objectives  To examine whether collaboration between specialists and general practitioners (GPs) in rural areas via HIE can improve outcomes among patients at low-to-moderate risk of cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and stroke. Methods  In this randomized controlled trial, the Miyagi Medical and Welfare Information Network was used for HIE. We evaluated the clinical data of 1,092 patients aged ≥65 years living in the rural areas of the Miyagi Prefecture and receiving care from GPs only. High-risk patients were immediately referred to specialists, whereas low-to-moderate risk patients were randomly assigned to an intervention group in which GPs were advised by specialists through HIE ( n  = 518, 38% male, mean age = 76 ± 7 years) or a control group in which GPs received no advice by specialists ( n  = 521, 39% male, mean age = 75 ± 7 years). Results  In the intention-to-treat analysis, all-cause mortality and cumulative incidence of serious adverse events (e.g., hospital admission or unexpected referral to specialists) did not differ between the groups. However, per-protocol analysis controlling for GP adherence with specialist recommendations revealed significantly reduced all-cause mortality ( p  = 0.04) and cumulative serious adverse event incidence ( p  = 0.04) in the intervention group compared with the control group. Conclusion  HIE systems may improve outcomes among low-to-moderate risk patients by promoting greater collaboration between specialists and GPs, particularly in rural areas with few local specialists.     

Fear,anxiety and depression among pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic: impacts of healthy eating behaviour and health literacy

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has been influencing people’s psychological health, especially in pregnant women. We aimed to examine associated factors of fear of COVID-19, anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the pandemic where the impacts of healthy eating behaviour (HES) and health literacy (HL) were emphasized.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between 14 February 2020 and 31 May 2020 in 18 health centres and hospitals across Vietnam. Data of 518 pregnant women were analysed, including socio-demographics, pregnant-related factors, HES, HL, health-related behaviours, fear of COVID-19 scale (FCoV-19S), anxiety (using the generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7)) and depression (using the patient health questionnaire with 9 items (PHQ-9)). Regression analysis was utilized to explore the associations.ResultsPregnant women with higher scores of HES and HL had lower likelihood of anxiety (odds ratio, OR, 0.79; 95% confidence interval (95%CI), 0.73, 0.87; p < .001; and OR, 0.94; 95%CI, 0.90, 0.99; p = .018) and depression (OR, 0.84; 95%CI, 0.78, 0.91; p < .001; and OR, 0.96; 95%CI, 0.91, 0.99; p = .044), respectively. Pregnant women being employed had a lower FCoV-19S score (regression coefficient, B, −1.46; 95%CI, −2.51, −0.40; p = .007). Besides, other significant predictors of anxiety were eating healthier during the pandemic, unchanged or more physical activity, elevated gestational age and smoking. Other significant predictors of depression were eating healthier during the pandemic, elevated gestational age and smoking.ConclusionsAmong others, HES and HL had positive impacts on protecting pregnant women against anxiety and depression. Improving HES and HL should be addressed as a strategic approach to improve reproductive health during the pandemic.

KEY MESSAGE

• The COVID-19 pandemic influences antenatal mental disorders with the higher level as opposed to that before the pandemic.
• Healthy eating behaviour and better health literacy (HL) had critical roles in lowering prenatal anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 crisis.
• Strategic approaches for improving healthy eating and HL should be recommended for protecting pregnant women from mental health problems during the pandemic.

     

Uptake of an Integrated Electronic Questionnaire System in Community Pediatric Clinics

Objective  The study aimed to evaluate an integrated electronic questionnaire system implementation in outpatient community pediatric practices on workflow, completion rates, and recorded scores. Methods  We evaluated the implementation and outcomes of an integrated electronic questionnaire system at 45 community pediatric practices that used standardized questionnaires to screen for autism, depression, and substance use and to measure asthma control. Electronic health record (EHR) data for all well child visits were extracted for the 3 months before and after implementation. We used statistical process control charts to evaluate questionnaire completion rates and Chi-square tests to evaluate screening completion and positive screening rates. The collection and entry of questionnaire information was observed and timed. Results  EHR data included 107,120 encounters across 45 practices that showed significant and sustained improvement in completion rates for all questionnaires. The rate of recorded concerning questionnaires decreased for asthma control (19.3 vs. 12.8%, p  < 0.001), stayed the same for autism (96.6 vs. 96.2%, p  = 0.38), decreased for depression (9.5 vs. 6.7%, p ≤ 0.001), and increased for any substance use (9.8 vs. 12.8%, p  < 0.001). Twelve practices were observed, and patient time and staff time managing questionnaires were decreased after implementation. Discussion  Electronic questionnaire administration saved staff time and patient time. We report overall improvement in questionnaire completion rates, with notable variation in improvement in completion across practices and in change in concerning recorded result rates across measures. Conclusion  Conversion of four standard paper questionnaires to an integrated electronic system reduces patient and staff time while increasing completion rates when well integrated into routine care.     

Disparities in Telemedicine Access: A Cross-Sectional Study of a Newly Established Infrastructure during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background  The COVID-19 pandemic led to dramatic increases in telemedicine use to provide outpatient care without in-person contact risks. Telemedicine increases options for health care access, but a “digital divide” of disparate access may prevent certain populations from realizing the benefits of telemedicine. Objectives  The study aimed to understand telemedicine utilization patterns after a widespread deployment to identify potential disparities exacerbated by expanded telemedicine usage. Methods  We performed a cross-sectional retrospective analysis of adults who scheduled outpatient visits between June 1, 2020 and August 31, 2020 at a single-integrated academic health system encompassing a broad range of subspecialties and a large geographic region in the Upper Midwest, during a period of time after the initial surge of COVID-19 when most standard clinical services had resumed. At the beginning of this study period, approximately 72% of provider visits were telemedicine visits. The primary study outcome was whether a patient had one or more video-based visits, compared with audio-only (telephone) visits or in-person visits only. The secondary outcome was whether a patient had any telemedicine visits (video-based or audio-only), compared with in-person visits only. Results  A total of 197,076 individuals were eligible (average age = 46 years, 56% females). Increasing age, rural status, Asian or Black/African American race, Hispanic ethnicity, and self-pay/uninsured status were significantly negatively associated with having a video visit. Digital literacy, measured by patient portal activation status, was significantly positively associated with having a video visit, as were Medicaid or Medicare as payer and American Indian/Alaskan Native race. Conclusion  Our findings reinforce previous evidence that older age, rural status, lower socioeconomic status, Asian race, Black/African American race, and Hispanic/Latino ethnicity are associated with lower rates of video-based telemedicine use. Health systems and policies should seek to mitigate such barriers to telemedicine when possible, with efforts such as digital literacy outreach and equitable distribution of telemedicine infrastructure.     

510例脑卒中患者的抑郁、焦虑及其相关因素分析

目的探讨脑卒中后抑郁、焦虑与各种因素之间的关系.方法对1997～2004年住院治疗的510例脑卒中患者在入院后7 d内进行老年认知功能量表（SECF）、自评抑郁量表（SDS）、自评焦虑量表（SAS）和日常生活能力量表（ADL）检测,两个月后复查.结果抑郁组患者病程长、左侧偏瘫比例高,入院时ADL评分低、SAS评分高,与非抑郁组有显著性差异,抑郁情绪与认知功能之间无明显关联;焦虑组患者入院时ADL评分低、SDS评分高,ADL评分提高幅度大,与非焦虑组有显著性差异;病程长者抑郁评分降低的幅度小;治疗后,抑郁组和焦虑组患者的抑郁及焦虑评分降低的幅度明显大于非抑郁组和非焦虑组.结论早期住院康复治疗有助于减轻抑郁;轻微焦虑情绪可以提高ADL能力;抑郁和焦虑密切相关.     

Influence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on working flow,safety and efficacy outcome of mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion

AimThe epidemic of COVID-19 has greatly affect the world health care system, particular measures have been taken not only to provide safety for health care providers but also to maintain the treatment quality. We evaluate the effect of COVID-19 epidemic to acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) received endovascular treatment (EVT) in our institution.MethodsAIS patients with LVO who underwent EVT in the period of January 1st to April 30th between 2015 and 2020 from our stroke center. The baseline characteristics, working flow time, safety and efficacy outcome and the hospitalization status were retrospectively reviewed, compared and analyzed.ResultsThere is significant decline in the number of AIS patients with LVO treated compared with the previous year (36 Vs 72 patients) during the epidemic period. The door to puncture time was significantly prolong (225 minutes versus 115 minutes) as well as the length of hospital stay with increase of the hospitalization costs (P < 0.05 for all). There is no significant difference on the safety and efficacy outcome, such recanalization rate, incidence of intracranial hemorrhage, functional independence and mortality during the epidemic (P > 0.05 for all).ConclusionsProlongation of the working time flow during the COVID-19 epidemic did not influence the safety and efficacy of EVT in AIS patients with LVO. However, special policy and particular measures in this circumstances is still need to evolve to improve the treatment quality.     

医学隔离社区卫生服务人员的心理护理

目的调查武汉市社区抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情过程中我社区卫生服务人员的创伤后心理危机现状。方法采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对56名医学隔离社区卫生服务人员的心理健康状况进行问卷调查。结果56名医学隔离社区卫生服务人员心理护理干预前后的SAS评分和SDS评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间,对隔离社区卫生服务人员加强心理护理,可有效缓解其心理紧张和焦虑情绪,有效改善其心理状态。