Cecal volvulus in cerebral palsy: Report of a case

A rare case of cecal volvulus in cerebral palsy that was preoperatively diagnosed and surgically treated without complications is herein reported. A 45-year old man, who had been treated for cerebral palsy as a result of a neonatal cerebral hemorrhage, was admitted to our hospital because of abdominal pain and vomiting. A plain abdominal X-ray film showed evidence of a huge quantity of gas in the left abdomen. Using a gastrographin enema from the colonoscope, an obstruction of the ascending colon was revealed with tapering of the lumen. A computed tomography scan showed a grossly dilated air-distended bowel in the left abdomen and soft tissue with internal architecture containing swirling strands of soft tissue and fat attenuation. An emergency laparotomy was performed. During the laparotomy the ileocecal region, which was unfixed at the retroperitoneum, was found to be twisted counterclockwise by 360° around the mesentery with the terminal ileum, thus resulting in a diagnosis of cecal volvulus. We therefore conducted an ileocecal resection. Cecal volvulus is an uncommon form of intestinal obstruction with a high mortality rate and may present considerable difficulty in diagnosis. Although cecal volvulus is rare as a cause of intestinal obstruction, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of bowel obstruction in cerebral palsy.     

Small bowel obstruction caused by a medication bezoar: Report of a case

We report herein the rare case of a 26-year-old woman who developed a small-bowel obstruction caused by a medication bezoar or enterolith, following the long-term ingestion of magnesium oxide cathartics for constipation. Medication bezoars resulting from laxatives or cathartics have rarely been reported and we were only able to find two other such cases in the literature.     

胆石性肠梗阻五例报告并文献复习

目的 探讨胆石性肠梗阻的临床特点及诊治方法.方法 回顾性分析5例胆石性肠梗阻患者的临床资料,并复习2000-2009年国内相关文献,对胆石性肠梗阻的发病情况、临床表现、影像学检查、诊断及治疗情况进行总结.结果 本组5例患者中4例为60岁以上女性,其中3例有胆石病史,胆石经胆囊十二指肠瘘排入肠道 另2例有胆肠内引流术史,胆石经内引流口排入肠道.4例行肠切开取石并肠道胆道彻底手术,另1例行单纯肠切开取石 5例患者均手术治愈,术后无复发病例.国内文献复习共获取胆石性肠梗阻有效病例441例,占所有肠梗阻的1.15%,其中女性患者占67.12%,老年患者占73.56%.87.92%的胆石是经胆肠内瘘口排入肠道 64.17%的梗阻位于回肠.术前有71.89%的患者误诊为其他类型肠梗阻.225例行肠切开取石并肠道胆道彻底性手术,其术后复发率及胆囊癌变率低于216例行单纯肠切开取石患者（均P＜0.05） 而术后胆肠瘘、切口感染、肺部感染、治愈率及死亡率两种术式间差异则无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）.结论 胆石性肠梗阻发病率低,以老年女性多见 胆石多经胆肠内瘘口进入肠道,梗阻部位以回肠多见.单纯肠切开取石术后有一定的复发及胆囊癌变风险,故若患者全身情况允许,应首选肠切开取石并胆道肠道彻底性手术.     

Sigmoid Volvulus Caused by a Large Faecalith. Case Report

We describe a case in which the presence of a large faecalith in a 43-year-old man was the probable cause of a sigmoid volvulus.     

Intestinal obstruction

Intestinal obstruction is a common surgical emergency. In the developed world approximately 20% of patients with acute abdominal pain admitted to surgical units have intestinal obstruction and 80% of these will have small bowel obstruction. In the western world, adhesional obstruction is by far the most common cause of small bowel obstruction, reflecting the increasing number of abdominal surgical procedures being performed. Malignancy is the leading cause of obstruction of the large intestine. The cardinal clinical features are vomiting, abdominal pain, distension and gross constipation which differ in predominance depending on the site of the obstruction. Management of bowel obstruction requires prompt identification, meticulous attention to fluid and electrolyte balance and timely surgical intervention.     

Intestinal obstruction caused by volvulus of Meckel's diverticulum. Description of a case

A case of intestinal occlusion is reported caused by volvulus of Meckel's diverticulum. The etiological and clinical aspects are discussed together with their implications in terms of suitable surgical therapy.     

Recurrent intestinal volvulus in midgut malrotation causing acute bowel obstruction: A case report

Intestinal malrotation occurs when there is a disruption in the normal embryological development of the bowel. The majority of patients present with clinical features in childhood, though rarely a first presentation can take place in adulthood. Recurrent bowel obstruction in patients with previous abdominal operation for midgut malrotation is mostly due to adhesions but very few reported cases have been due to recurrent volvulus. We present the case of a 22-year-old gentleman who had laparotomy in childhood for small bowel volvulus and then presented with acute bowel obstruction. Preoperative computerised tomography scan showed small bowel obstruction and features in keeping with midgut malrotation. Emergency laparotomy findings confirmed midgut malrotation with absent appendix, abnormal location of caecum, ascending colon and small bowel. In addition, there were small bowel volvulus and a segment of terminal ileal stricture. Limited right hemicolectomy was performed with excellent postoperative recovery. This case is presented to illustrate a rare occurrence and raise an awareness of the possibility of dreadful recurrent volvulus even several years following an initial Ladd’s procedure for midgut malrotation. Therefore, one will need to exercise a high index of suspicion and this becomes very crucial in order to ensure prompt surgical intervention and thereby preventing an attendant bowel ischaemia with its associated high fatality.     

Intestinal obstruction

Intestinal obstruction is a common surgical emergency, accounting for up to 20% of admissions with acute abdominal pain. Of these, 80% will have small bowel obstruction, the most common cause being adhesions. Colorectal cancer is the most common cause of large bowel obstruction. The cardinal features of obstruction are abdominal pain, vomiting, distension and absolute constipation. Initial management comprises adequate fluid resuscitation, decompression with a nasogastric tube and early identification of strangulation (signs of which may include tachycardia, tenderness, fever and leucocytosis) requiring operative intervention. Appropriate use of contrast imaging can differentiate between patients that are likely to settle conservatively and those that will require surgery.     

Intestinal obstruction

Intestinal obstruction is a common surgical emergency, accounting for up to 20% of admissions with acute abdominal pain. Of these, 80% will have small bowel obstruction, the most common cause being adhesions. Colorectal cancer is the most common cause of large bowel obstruction. The cardinal features of obstruction are abdominal pain, vomiting, distension and absolute constipation. Initial management comprises adequate fluid resuscitation, decompression with a nasogastric tube and early identification of strangulation (signs of which may include tachycardia, tenderness, fever and leucocytosis) requiring operative intervention. Appropriate use of contrast imaging can differentiate between patients that are likely to settle conservatively and those that will require surgery.     

Intestinal obstruction

Intestinal obstruction is a common surgical emergency, accounting for up to 20% of admissions with acute abdominal pain. Of these, 80% will have small bowel obstruction, the common cause being adhesions. Colorectal cancer is the most common cause of large bowel obstruction. The cardinal features of obstruction are abdominal pain, vomiting, distension and absolute constipation. Initial management comprises adequate fluid resuscitation, decompression with a nasogastric tube and early identification of strangulation (tachycardia, tenderness, fever and leukocytosis) requiring operative intervention. Appropriate use of contrast imaging can differentiate between patients that are likely to settle conservatively and those that will require surgery.     

Intestinal obstruction

Intestinal obstruction is a common surgical emergency, accounting for up to 20% of admissions with acute abdominal pain. Of these, 80% will have small bowel obstruction, the most common cause being adhesions. Colorectal cancer is the most common cause of large bowel obstruction. The cardinal features of obstruction are abdominal pain, vomiting, distension and absolute constipation. Initial management comprises adequate fluid resuscitation, decompression with a nasogastric tube and early identification of strangulation (signs of which may include tachycardia, tenderness, fever and leucocytosis) requiring operative intervention. Appropriate use of contrast imaging can differentiate between patients that are likely to settle conservatively and those that will require surgery.     

Lipomatosis of the ileum with volvulus: Report of a case

(Received for publication on Jan. 8, 1997; accepted on July 8, 1997)     

A case report: Cecal volvulus caused by Meckel's diverticulum

INTRODUCTION

Meckel''s diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly of the small intestine. Common complications related to Meckel''s diverticulum include hemorrhage, intestinal obstruction and inflammation. Acute large bowel obstruction is a rare complication of Meckel''s diverticulum and in the presented case it is caused by volvulus.

PRESENTATION OF CASE

We report a 39 year old female who presented with the diagnosis of a large bowel obstruction occurring as a result of cecal volvulus caused by adhesions of a perforated diverticulum.

DISCUSSION

The reported case presents one of the rare complications of MD, which is volvulus. The case described above presented with signs and symptoms suggestive of acute intestinal obstruction and radiological findings suggestive of cecal volvulus. The patient was taken to the operation room for exploration and we discovered the presence of a perforated MD. The main treatment of such case is to perform diverticulectomy in all symptomatic patients.

CONCLUSION

MD is mostly identified intraoperatively. Knowledge of the pathophysiologies by which MD can cause complications such as volvulus is important in order to plan management.     

Intestinal obstruction caused by a foramen of Winslow hernia

Hernias occurring through the foramen of Winslow are extremely rare (accounting for only 8% of all internal hernias and 0.08% of all hernias) and are seldom diagnosed preoperatively. A delay in treatment is responsible for high mortality rates of around 36% to 49%. Successful management requires prompt diagnosis and surgical treatment.     

Portomesenteric Gas due to Intestinal Obstruction: a Case Report

A case of mesenteric vein gas as a nonfatal complication of intestinal obstruction is reported. A 48-year old woman presented postoperatively signs and symptoms of acute abdomen on the eighth day following a gastric pull-up surgery due to an oesophageal carcinoma. The abdominal tomography findings revealed dilated jejunal segments and free gas in the superior mesenteric vein and end branches of the portal vein in the left hepatic lobe. The patient underwent a second laparotomy with a provisional diagnosis of intestinal ischaemia. Intraoperative gross appearance of the intestines revealed no ischaemic finding, the pathology was the dense adhesions between the jejunal segments and previous incision site. On the basis of these findings, the operation was ended with adhesiolysis. One month after the operation, the patient was well, there were no complications. As the authors, we think that the main reason for por-tomesenteric gas is mucosal destruction and that these cases may be followed conservatively as long as intestinal ischaemia is excluded.     

从10例肠胆石性梗阻病例中所得的启示

目的 提高肠胆石性梗阻的诊断水平和手术处理技能.方法 回顾性分析1992年1月～2007年12月间湖南省人民医院肝胆科收治的10例肠胆石性梗阻病例的临床资料.结果 10例均经手术治疗,5例桥襻结石梗阻中,4例均施桥襻切开取石,1例肠坏死施桥襻切除重建,5例回肠胆石梗阻,胆石位于距回盲瓣20～30 cm,均施肠切开取石.8例获平均4年2个月随访.效果良好率达100%.结论 肠胆石性梗阻临床少见,易于误诊,肝胆管结石是其发病的基础,只掌握其临床特征才能正确诊断和处理.     

Turcot syndrome with colonic obstruction and small intestinal invagination: Report of a case

We report herein the case of a 16-year-old boy diagnosed as having turcot syndrome, otherwise known as glioma-polyposis syndrome. The patient was transferred from the Department of Neurosurgery where he was undergoing investigation of a brain tumor, to the Department of Medicine for investigation of gastrointestinal symptoms. The patient was diagnosed as having Turcot syndrome, and was then transferred to the Department of Surgery for treatment of an obstruction in the sigmoid colon and small intestinal invagination. A subtotal colectomy with side-to-end ileoproctostomy and release of the invaginations was carried out. Multiple polyps were found in the colon, two of which, including a large polyp that obstructed the colonic lumen, were confirmed histologically to be adenocarcinoma. The remaining polyps were adenomas. A biopsy of the brain tumor confirmed a diagnosis of astrocytoma (WHO grade II). This case report describes the characteristic features of Turcot syndrome presented by this patient.