急性心肌梗塞患者血清肝细胞生长因子变化的意义

目的:探讨急性心肌梗塞(AMI)患者血清肝细胞生长因子(HGF)水平变化的临床意义。方法:入选58例AMI患者(发病<3h组n=22,3-12h组n=36)于入院即刻采静脉血,测心肌酶谱、高敏感性C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP),同时测定20例性别年龄与之相匹配的健康体检者(对照组)的上述指标。结果:入院时AMI组的血清HGF浓度(1635.8±327.0)pg/ml,较正常对照组的(721.8±67.9)pg/ml明显增高(P<0.001),AMI发病3h内血清HGF水平就比正常对照组显著升高(917.6±73.6)pg/mlvs.(721.8±67.9)pg/ml(P<0.001)。AMI患者血清HGF浓度与hs-CRP呈显著正相关(r=0.45,P<0.001)。结论:AMI患者血清HGF浓度升高,可能与AMI的炎症反应有关;有望成为诊断早期AMI的一个新指标。     

女性慢性完全闭塞病变患者的临床和影像学特点

目的:通过同期男女冠心病慢性完全闭塞（CTO）患者的比较分析女性CTO病变的临床和影像学特点。方法:1989年6月~2005年12月诊断冠心病的患者,入院后行常规实验室生化检查及X线胸片、心脏超声等临床辅助检查,并行冠状动脉造影及左室造影检查。入选有1支或1支以上CTO病变的患者进入本研究,按性别分为女性组（n=334）和男性组(n=1 382)。结果:与男性组比较,在临床资料方面,女性组年龄大［(64±8)岁 vs.(60±11)岁,P<0.01］,高血压病比例高(65.6% vs. 53.3%,P<0.01),而女性组体质量低［(65±10)kg vs.(75±10)kg,P<0.01)、吸烟比例低(11.1% vs.46.7%,P<0.01)、饮酒比例低(2.4% vs. 26.6%,P<0.01)、心肌梗死比例低(38.0% vs. 52.7%,P<0.01),在心绞痛、心律失常、心力衰竭、糖尿病 、脑血管病的比例均无统计学差异。实验室检查资料方面,女性组三酰甘油（TG）高［(2.3±2.0)mmol/L vs.(2.0±1.5)mmol/L,P<0.01)、总胆固醇（TC）高［(5.4±1.3)mmol/L vs.(5.0±2.4)mmol/L,P<0.01］、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）高［(1.4±0.5)mmol/L vs.(1.3±0.4)mmol/L,P<0.01 ］、空腹血糖（FPG）高［(6.1±1.7)mmol/L vs.(5.9±1.7)mmol/L,P<0.05］和纤维蛋白原（Fib）水平高［(4.1±1.3)g/L vs.(3.9±1.4)g/L,P<0.05 ］,而尿素氮低（BUN）［(5.6±2.4)mmol/L vs.(5.9±2.0)mmol/L,P<0.05］、血清肌酐（Cr）低［(81±31)μmol/L vs.(95±33)μmol/L,P<0.01］。心脏超声左室内径小［ (48±6)mm vs.(51±6)mm,P<0.01］,左室射血分数（LVEF）偏高［(0.64±0.10) vs.(0.63±0.11),P<0.05］。冠状动脉造影资料比较显示,两组在冠状动脉优势型、单支血管病变、多支血管病变、CTO血管分布、侧支循环0级、Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级比例及造影并发症发生中均无统计学差异。结论:女性CTO患者中代谢指标异常较为突出,且年龄较高,但女性CTO患者病变复杂程度与男性并无显著差异。     

伊伐布雷定治疗慢性收缩性心力衰竭的效果

目的 探讨伊伐布雷定治疗慢性收缩性心力衰竭的临床疗效。方法 入选左室收缩功能不全并发慢性心力衰竭且为窦性心率≥70次/min患者76例,随机分为伊伐布雷定组（试药组,39例）和常规治疗组（对照组,37例）,在2周、4周、6周及3个月时随访,记录其心率、血压、心血管不良事件、药物剂量。入院后及3个月行6分钟步行试验及心脏彩超。结果 3个月时,与对照组相比,试药组心率显著降低［(72±5)次/min vs.(62±4)次/min,P<0.05］,血压显著升高［(116±8) mmHg vs.(123±7) mmHg,P<0.05］,左室射血分数显著提高（P<0.05）,左室收缩末内径及左房直径较对照组显著减小［分别(4.6±0.3) cm vs.(4.1±0.2) cm;(4.0±0.4) cm vs.(3.7±0.2) cm,均P<0.05］。6分钟步行距离显著增加［(522±81) m vs.(578±91) m,P<0.05］;两组心功能分级至少增加1级,试药组左室射血分数改善更显著（62% vs. 35%,P<0.05）。结论 伊伐布雷定治疗慢性收缩性心力衰竭的疗效优于常规治疗。     

急性心肌梗死急诊PCI患者血清PⅢP浓度的变化及价值

目的探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)急诊PCI后血清Ⅲ型前胶原末端肽(PⅢP)浓度的变化与价值。方法共73例AMI患者入选,所有入选患者均于入院时及AMI发病的第1、4、7天及第1、3、6月应用放射免疫分析法测定其血清PⅢP浓度的变化。根据AMI 6月后彩色多普勒心动超声的结果,按是否存在左室重构将其分为重构组与非重构组,并分析两组PⅢP浓度的变化与左室重构的关系。结果 AMI后左室重构患者血清PⅢP浓度持续高于非重构者,血清PⅢP浓度的峰值与6月时LVEF、E/A之间呈负相关(r=-0.331,P<0.05;r=-0.361,P<0.05);与LVED之间呈正相关(r=0.435,P<0.01)。梗死相关动脉(IRA)急诊PCI血清PⅢP峰值浓度明显低于未进行再灌注治疗[(93.4±24.1)μg/L vs.(131.6±28.2)μg/L,P<0.05]。结论 AMI后血清PⅢP浓度的变化是反映左室重构有用的指标,IRA再灌注可以明显减少梗死后的胶原形成,防止心肌纤维化的形成,改善左心室功能。     

趋化因子CCL21、CCL19与急性冠状动脉综合征的相关性研究

目的:通过研究急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者血清趋化因子CCL21、CC19的变化,探讨其与冠状动脉病变的相关性。方法: 选取102例ACS患者,其中急性ST段抬高的心肌梗死(STEMI)患者33例,非ST段抬高的心肌梗死（NSTEMI）37例,不稳定型心绞痛(UA)患者32例,稳定型心绞痛患者36例,非心源性胸痛并经冠状动脉造影排除冠心病的患者为对照组30例,采用酶联免疫法法测定CCL21、CCL19水平,所有ACS患者进行冠状动脉造影用目测法和Gensini评分对冠脉血管进行损害程度进行评价,来探讨CCL21、CCL19与冠状动脉狭窄范围及程度的关系。结果: ACS组CCL21及CCL19水平明显高于稳定型心绞痛组和对照组,分别为［(149.33±26.24)ng/L vs.(111.45±24．31)ng/L vs.(108.38±22.28)ng/L,P<0.01］,［(77.45±16.27)ng/L vs.(54.74±19.44) vs.(57.38±21.28)ng/L,P<0.01］。 ACS中STEMI、NSTEMI、UA组内血清CCL21、CCL19水平在组内差异无统计学意义［CCL21:(155.39±21.56)ng/L vs.(154．38±20．74)ng/L vs.(157.39±24.33)ng/L,P>0.05;CCL19:(75.34±15.34)ng/L vs.(77.25±16.21)ng/L vs.(74.23±24.19)ng/L,P>0.05］,冠状动脉狭窄程度及Gensini评分法积分在ACS组内STEMI组、NSTEMI组、UA组比较差异无统计学意义,三组内冠状动脉狭窄程度与外周血CCL21、CCL19水平无明显相关性。结论: 外周血CCL21、CCL19水平与急性冠脉综合症血管病变有关,在斑块不稳定中可能扮演着重要的角色。     

右心室流出道间隔部起搏对心房颤动患者血流动力学和心功能的影响

目的:比较右心室流出道间隔部（RVOTS）起搏和右心室心尖部（RVA）起搏对心房颤动（房颤）患者血流动力学、心功能及主要不良心血管事件的影响,评价RVOTS起搏的中远期疗效。方法: 具备起搏器植入指征的慢性房颤患者68例,随机分配至RVOTS部起搏组(n=34)和RVA部起搏组(n=34),均采用心室抑制型按需起搏模式（VVI）,随访（27±10）个月。观察比较两组患者起搏时心电图QRS时限,血流动力学、心功能及主要不良心血管事件发生情况。结果: RVOTS组起搏心电图的QRS时限较RVA组显著缩短［(146±16) ms vs.(155±13) ms,P<0.05］。随访结束时,RVA组的左室射血分数（LVEF）较术前显著降低（0.58±0.10 vs. 0.64±0.12,P<0.05）,左房内经（LAD）较术前显著扩大［（47±10） mm vs.(44±10) mm,P<0.05）,在RVOTS组虽有类似的变化趋势［LVEF:0.59±0.08 vs. 0.63±0.11;LAD:(47±7) mm vs. (45±7) mm］,但均未达统计学差异,随访结束时两组间比较未达统计学差异;两组患者随访结束时血浆脑钠尿肽（BNP）水平均较术前显著增高［RVA组:（292±168） ng/L vs. (200±70) ng/L,P<0.01;RVOTS组:(225±88) ng/L vs.(192±69) ng/L,P<0.05］,RVA组增高更明显,且较同期RVOT组显著增高（P<0.05）;随访结束时,RVA组的平均NYHA心功能分级较术前显著增高(1.7±0.6 vs. 1.4±0.5,P<0.01) ; RVOTS组有类似的变化趋势（1.5±0.7 vs. 1.3±0.5）,但未达统计学差异,两组间实验后比较差异亦未达统计学意义。两组间因心衰住院率、脑梗死及因心血管死亡均无统计学差异。结论: RVOTS起搏的电和机械同步性比RVA起搏相对较好,其心功能损害及心脏重构也相对较轻,较RVA起搏接近生理。     

主动脉内球囊反搏治疗对晚期扩张型心肌病患者血浆脑钠尿肽的影响

目的:观察主动脉球囊反搏(intra-aortic balloon pump,IABP)治疗在晚期扩张型心肌病（dilated cardiomyopathy,DCM）患者对血浆脑钠尿肽(brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)值变化的影响。方法: 晚期DCM患者41例,在最优药物治疗基础上按是否应用IABP分为IABP植入组（植入组,21例）,非植入组（对照组,20例）。免疫化学发光法测患者人院后第1、2、7天血浆BNP浓度。结果: 入院第1天两组BNP值差异无统计学意义。入院后第2、7天,植入组BNP值明显低于对照组 ［(1778±289) ng/L vs. (2553±346) ng/L,P<0．05;(835±190) ng/L vs.(1376±301) ng/L,P<0.05］。结论: 在最优药物治疗基础上,IABP能进一步降低晚期DCM患者BNP值。     

稳定型心绞痛患者对阿司匹林的反应性

目的: 探讨在冠心病患者中,阿司匹林的个体差异及相关因素。方法: 稳定型心绞痛患者100例,服拜阿司匹林100 mg/d,7 d后测定血栓素B2（TXB2）、6-酮-前列腺素F1α（6-keto-PGF1α）、D-二聚体（D-D）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）、同型半胱氨酸（HCY）及C反应蛋白（CRP）水平,同时使用血栓弹力仪测定血小板的反应性,并根据反应性不同将患者分为四分位组（高反应性组和低反应性组）,观察两组患者的临床特征。结果: 血小板反应性呈正态分布;高反应性的患者中女性（52% vs.28%,P<0.05）及糖尿病患者（64% vs.32%,P<0.05）的比例较高;血栓前状态标记物中TXB2［(102±17)ng/L vs.(74±17)ng/L,P<0.05］及CRP［(7.7±1.6)mg/L vs.(4.3±1.2)mg/L,P<0.05］在血小板高反应性的患者中高于低反应性组。结论: 冠心病患者血小板反应性存在个体差异。     

左心室大小和术后收缩压变化与心脏再同步化治疗疗效的关系

目的:观察左心室（LV）大小和术后急性期收缩压（SBP） 变化对心脏再同步化治疗（CRT ）疗效的影响。方法: 分别于术前及术后 6 个月评估21例CRT患者的心功能及超声参数。至术后 6个月时，NYHA 至少下降1级，左室收缩末容积（LVESV）至少降低10%的为CRT反应较好组，余为反应较差组。结果: 术后6个月时，反应较好组和其基线期相比左室射血分数（LVEF）显著升高［（32±9）% vs. (45±10)%，P<0.05）］、左室舒张末容积（LVEDV）显著降低［（237±54）ml vs. (151±45) ml，P<0.05］、左室舒张末内径（LVEDD）显著降低［（68±8） mm vs. (55±6) mm，P<0.05］、左室收缩末容积（LVESV）显著降低［（165±46） ml vs. (84±31) ml，P=0.01］、NYHA 的分级由术前6/8（III/IV）降至术后11/3(II/III)；反应较差组和术前相比有所改善，未达到统计学意义。反应较好组术后7d SBP均显著升高（P<0.05）,反应较差组下降。结论: 心力衰竭患者CRT治疗反应较好与治疗前左心室较小和术后急性期SBP升高有关联性。     

长期胰岛素治疗对Ⅰ型糖尿病小鼠血浆和心肌脂联素水平的影响

目的:研究Ⅰ型糖尿病(DM)小鼠血浆和心肌脂联素(APN)的水平随病程进展而变化的趋势,观察长期胰岛素治疗对血浆和心肌APN水平的影响,探讨心肌局部的APN在抗心肌缺血/再灌注损伤(I/RI)中可能的作用机制。方法: 将72只雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为:正常对照组,Ⅰ型DM组和胰岛素治疗组。建立Ⅰ型DM小鼠模型,疾病组小鼠腹腔注射链脲菌素溶液,50 mg/(kg·day),连续注射5 d,而后观察5 d。于建模后1、7、14 d3个不同时间点,收集血浆用ELISA法测APN的水平;分离左心室用qRT-PCR法测APN mRNA的水平。为验证心肌局部APN水平变化的意义,选取建模后14 d各组的部分小鼠做离体心脏灌流,用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记技术（TUNEL）染色检测细胞的凋亡。结果: 与正常对照组相比,Ⅰ型糖尿病组小鼠血浆APN的水平先升高后降低［建模后7 d(D7)为:(5.23±1.05) mg/L vs. (3.45±0.51) mg/L,P<0.01］;心肌中APN mRNA的水平逐渐降低［D7:(0.50±0.19) vs.(1.76±0.26),P<0.05;D14:(0.10±0.05) vs.(1.77±0.41),P<0.01］。与Ⅰ型DM组相比,胰岛素治疗组小鼠血浆APN的水平明显升高［D14:(3.61±0.71) mg/L vs.(2.16 ± 0.49) mg/L,P<0.05］;心肌APN mRNA的水平明显升高［D7:(1.41±0.19) vs.(0.50±0.19),P<0.05;D14:(0.80±0.17) vs.(0.10±0.05),P<0.05］。经离体心脏I/R,Ⅰ型DM组较正常对照组小鼠心肌梗死的面积及凋亡率均显著增加(P<0.01),胰岛素治疗能够显著减少Ⅰ型DM组小鼠心肌梗死的面积和凋亡率(P<0.01);而APN下游信号分子腺苷-磷酸激活的蛋白激酶(AMPK)的抑制剂化合物C(Compound C)可以部分地减弱长期胰岛素的治疗作用(P<0.01)。结论: Ⅰ型DM组小鼠血浆APN的水平随病程进展先升高后降低;而其心肌APN的水平逐渐降低,变化的趋势不同于血浆APN的水平。长期胰岛素治疗能够升高血浆和心肌局部APN的水平;而心肌局部APN水平的升高可能会增强心肌对I/RI的耐受性。     

贝那普利联合阿托伐他汀钙对急性心肌梗死后心室重构的影响及机制探讨

目的:观察贝那普利及阿托伐他汀钙对急性心肌梗死（AMI）后心室重构的影响。方法: 将符合标准AMI的患者74例随机分为对照组和观察组各37例。观察组在基础治疗基础上加用贝那普利及阿托伐他汀钙,对照组仅加贝那普利基础治疗,坚持服用24周,不能耐受贝那普利的改为替米沙坦。分析3 d和24周超声心动图的观察指标。结果: 观察组的左室收缩末期容积（LVESV）和左室舒张末期容积（LVEDV ）的下降幅度明显高与对照组;左室射血分数(LVEF)和左室快速充盈E波最大流速（VE）和心房充盈A 波最大流速(VA)比值（VE/VA）也明显高于对照组;左室心肌重量指数（LVMI）增高幅度显著小于对照组(均P<005)。结论: 贝那普利及阿托伐他汀钙抑制AMI后心室重构,改善心功能效应明显好于单用贝那普利。     

Increased serum matrix metalloproteinase-1 concentration predicts advanced left ventricular remodeling in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is one of the major prognostic factors after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) is an enzyme responsible for extracellular collagen degradation and remodeling. The present study investigated whether the concentration of serum MMP-1 was associated with the LVEF after AMI. Blood was sampled on admission, and at 24 h, 3 days, 7 days, 2 weeks and 4 weeks in 24 patients with their first AMI. Left ventriculography was performed 4 weeks after the onset of AMI and the LVEF was calculated by center line method. MMP-1 concentrations were higher at 7 days and at 2 weeks than on admission (p<0.001), and at 7 days (r=-0.655, p=0.0005) and at 2 weeks (r=-0.636, p=0.0008) were negatively correlated with the LVEF. The patients with AMI were divided into high and low LVEF groups according to the results of left ventriculography. Although there were no differences in the clinical characteristics between the 2 LVEF groups, the MMP-1 concentrations at 24 h (p<0.01), 7 days (p<0.01) and 2 weeks (p<0.05) were lower in the high LVEF group than in low LVEF group. A high concentration of MMP-1 at the subacute phase after AMI predicts advanced left ventricular remodeling.     

Oxidative stress correlates with left ventricular volume after acute myocardial infarction

It has been suggested that oxidative stress may play a role in the pathophysiology of heart failure. However, little is known about the clinical relationship between oxidative stress and left ventricular dilatation after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We prospectively studied 28 consecutive patients, successfully treated with primary coronary angioplasty, after their first AMI. To evaluate oxidative stress, plasma oxidized low-density LDL levels (U/mL) were measured serially 1 day, 7 days, 14 days, 30 days, and 90 days after the onset of AMI using a specific sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Left ventriculography and coronary angiography were obtained in all patients 3 months after the AMI and infarct-related arteries were all patent. Peak plasma oxidized LDL levels were seen 7 days after AMI (after 1 day: 14.7+/-1.5, 7 days: 21.0+/-2.8, 14 days: 20.2+/-2.8, 30 days: 18.3+/-2.5, 90 days: 16.5+/-2.3 U/mL). Plasma oxidized LDL levels 7 days after AMI were significantly correlated with left ventricular end-diastolic volume (115+/-7 mL; r=0.54, P=0.0025) and end-systolic volume (58+/-5 mL; r=0.49, P=0.008) 3 months after the AMI. Moreover, they were also correlated with end-diastolic volume index (68+/-4 mL/m2, r=0.40, P<0.05). However, no correlation was seen between peak plasma oxidized LDL levels and ejection fraction. These findings suggest that oxidative stress may play an important role in the development and progression of left ventricular remodeling after AMI.     

Pravastatin suppresses the increase in matrix metalloproteinase-2 levels after acute myocardial infarction

BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) may contribute to myocardial remodeling after myocardial infarction. The goal of this study was to characterize the effects of pravastatin on circulating levels of MMP and on left ventricular dilatation after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: Thirty-four consecutive patients with successful reperfusion following AMI were assigned to either pravastatin group (group P, n=12) or non-pravastatin group (group NP, n=22). Serum MMP-2 and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP)-2 were measured immediately after reperfusion, on days 2, 3, 7, 30, and at 6 months after MI. Left ventriculography was performed after reperfusion and at 4 weeks and 6 months. RESULTS: MMP-2 levels were higher in patients with MI than control on days 1, 30, and at 6 months. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) at 6 months correlated with MMP-2 levels on day 30 (r=0.47, p<0.01) and at 6 months (r=0.56, p<0.001). MMP-2 levels at 6 months were significantly lower in group P than group NP. Further, LVEDVI at 6 months tended to be smaller and DeltaLVEDVI was significantly smaller in group P when compared with group NP. CONCLUSION: Serum MMP-2 varied in a time-dependent manner following AMI and correlated with late changes in LVEDVI. Serum MMP-2 levels were significantly lower in treatment group than in non-treatment group and DeltaLVEDVI was significantly smaller in treatment group after long-term pravastatin administration. Use of statins in AMI patients may provide beneficial effects in terms of preventing heart failure over and above its lipid-lowering effects.     

急性心肌梗死患者早期血浆脑钠素与左室重塑的关系

目的　探讨急性心肌梗死 (AMI)早期血浆脑钠素与左室重塑的关系。方法　 44例AMI患者分为依那普利组及常规治疗组 ,采用放射免疫法测定入院后 14d内血浆脑钠素水平 ;超声心动图测定同期及 3个月左室舒张末容积指数 (LVEDVI)、左室收缩末容积指数 (LVESVI)及左室射血分数 (LVEF)。结果　常规治疗组入院后即刻血浆脑钠素水平较健康对照组明显升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,5、14d较入院即刻进一步升高 (P <0 .0 5 )。AMI患者 5、14d血浆脑钠素水平与同期及 3个月LVEDVI、LVESVI正相关 (P <0 .0 5 ,0 .0 1)。与常规治疗组相比 ,依那普利组脑钠素与心室容积指数一致性下降。结论　AMI后早期血浆脑钠素升高与左室重塑密切相关。     

Serum hepatocyte growth factor predicts ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction.

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulate endothelial cell proliferation and induce angiogenesis, but the timing and significance of their release in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are unknown in relation to future left ventricular remodeling. Venous blood samples were obtained at admission and up to 3 weeks later in 40 patients with AMI and in 40 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Blood samples were also taken from the coronary sinus (CS) in 20 patients on day 7 following AMI. Left ventricular end-diastolic volume in the subacute (1 week) and chronic (3 months) phases was assessed by left ventriculography to identify the remodeling group (n=15), which was defined as an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic volume index > or =5 ml/m(2) relative to the baseline value. Serum HGF and VEGF concentrations were higher in newly admitted patients with AMI than in the controls (HGF, 0.33 +/-0.09 vs 0.24+/-0.08 ng/ml, p<0.01; VEGF, 92.2+/-43.1 vs 67.2+/-29.8 pg/ml, p<0.01), peaking on day 7 (HGF, 0.41+/-0.12; VEGF, 161.7+/-76.9), and gradually decreasing between days 14 and 21. The HGF concentration in the CS did not differ from the concentration in the periphery, but the VEGF concentration was significantly more abundant in the CS than in the peripheral sample on day 7 (p<0.05). The serum HGF concentration on day 7 was higher in the remodeling group than in the nonremodeling group (0.47 +/-0.13 vs 0.36+/-0.09 ng/ml, p<0.01), but there was no difference between the groups on admission, day 14 and day 21. The serum VEGF concentration did not differ between the remodeling and nonremodeling groups at any time. Thus, the serum HGF concentration on day 7 after AMI is mostly from noncardiac sources and predicts left ventricular remodeling.     

急性心肌梗塞患者血浆脑钠素评价左心室重构的临床研究

目的 :探讨心肌梗塞后血浆脑钠素 (BNP)浓度与左心室重构间的关系。　　方法 :用左心室造影投影系统计算出心肌梗塞急性期及恢复期左心室容积指标。用放射免疫法测定急性期及恢复期血浆 BNP浓度 ,并根据左心室容积指标分组 ,左心室容积增加率 >2 0 %为左心室重构组 ,否则为非重构组。　　结果 :重构组恢复期左心室舒张末期及收缩末期容积均显著高于非重构组 (P<0 .0 0 1) ,亦显著高于本组急性期左心室容积 (P<0 .0 0 1)。重构组急性期血浆 BNP浓度明显高于非重构组 (入院即刻、入院后 2 4、48、72小时的组间比较分别为 P<0 .0 1,P<0 .0 1,P<0 .0 0 1,P<0 .0 0 1) ;恢复期血浆 BNP浓度重构组较非重构组的增加更为明显 (P<0 .0 0 0 1)。重构组的血浆 BNP浓度与恢复期左心室容积及左心室容积变化量之间存在密切相关。　　结论 :血浆 BNP浓度在急性心肌梗塞后发生左心室重构的患者中显著升高 ,并与左心室重构的程度之间存在密切的相关性。它对心肌梗塞预后的预测价值值得探讨。     

N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and matrix metalloproteinases in early and late left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction

N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) is a predictor of left ventricular remodeling. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contribute to collagen breakdown that is associated with ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We assessed the association between circulating levels of NT-pro-BNP, MMP-2, and MMP-9 and their inhibitor (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1) early (24 and 72 hours) and late (7 and 30 days) after AMI in 108 patients who had ST-elevation AMI (90 men; mean age 60 years). Serum MMP-2 levels measured 24 and 72 hours after AMI were inversely associated with NT-pro-BNP levels, whereas MMP-9 serum levels were positively related. During late-stage remodeling after AMI, circulating concentrations of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 were independently associated with NT-pro-BNP levels 7 and 30 days after AMI. This study shows that, in patients who have ST-elevation AMI, circulating levels of NT-pro-BNP are associated with MMPs in a species-specific and time-dependent manner.     

Assessment of biventricular remodeling by magnetic resonance imaging after successful primary stenting for acute myocardial infarction

Inferior acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with a better outcome compared with anterior AMI, even in the presence of comparable infarct size. Whether left ventricular remodeling, a major predictor of poor outcome, and right ventricular (RV) remodeling depend on the site of an AMI remains unknown. Biventricular volumes were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging 7 +/- 2 days and 3.4 +/- 0.3 months after successful primary stenting in 51 consecutive patients with inferior or anterior AMI. This study documents RV involvement and biventricular reverse remodeling in patients with inferior AMI in the absence of RV infarction, as opposed to those with anterior AMI who show progressive biventricular remodeling.     

Survival and cardiac remodeling benefits in patients undergoing late percutaneous coronary intervention of the infarct-related artery: evidence from a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

OBJECTIVES: Our purpose was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the infarct-related artery (IRA) with medical therapy in patients randomized >12 h after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). BACKGROUND: There is ongoing uncertainty about the risk-benefit ratio of late PCI in stable patients with AMI. METHODS: PubMed, CENTRAL, and other databases were searched (July 2007). Studies were included if they compared PCI with medical management and randomized patients >12 h and up to 60 days after AMI, and were excluded if patients were hemodynamically unstable. Odds ratios (ORs) were pooled for dichotomous outcomes, with all-cause mortality as the primary end point. Left cardiac remodeling parameters were also pooled with generic inverse-variance weighting. RESULTS: We retrieved 10 studies that enrolled 3,560 patients, with median time from AMI to randomization of 12 days (range 1 to 26 days), and follow-up of 2.8 years (42 days to 10 years). Randomization allocated 1,779 subjects to PCI and 1,781 to medical treatment. There were 112 (6.3%) and 149 (8.4%) deaths in the 2 groups, respectively, yielding significantly improved survival in the PCI group (OR 0.49 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26 to 0.94], p = 0.030). These benefits were associated with similarly favorable effects on cardiac remodeling, such as improved left ventricular ejection fraction in the PCI group (+4.4% change [95% CI 1.1 to 7.6], p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous coronary intervention of the IRA performed late (12 h to 60 days) after AMI is associated with significant improvements in cardiac function and survival.