甘利欣和苦参素注射液联合应用治疗慢性乙型肝炎疗效分析

目的观察甘利欣和苦参素注射液联合应用治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效。方法用苦参素注射液联合甘利欣治疗慢性乙型肝炎患者32例,并与单纯应用甘利欣组28例比较,观察治疗前后临床症状、体征及肝功能恢复情况。结果苦参素注射液联合应用甘利欣组患者在改善肝炎症状、体征及肝功能复常等方面,比单用甘利欣组明显为优。结论苦参素注射液与甘利欣联合应用能更有效提高慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效。     

苦参素的药学研究进展

介绍苦参素的提取来源和物理化学性质，苦参素的制剂研究、药物动力学研究、药理学研究、苦参素制剂与其他药物的临床联合应用研究，以及药物不良反应研究进展。     

苦参素联合胸腺肽治疗慢性乙型肝炎63例临床疗效观察

应用苦参素和胸腺肽治疗慢性乙型肝炎已分别有基础研究及临床实践的报道.为验证苦参素联合胸腺肽治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床效果及其安全性,本文收集了我院自2000年3月至2002年1月应用苦参素注射液加胸腺肽注射液治疗慢性乙型肝炎63例,取得较为满意的疗效,现报告如下:     

苦参素联合用药的临床研究概况

苦参素是一类含有苦参次碱-15-酮基本结构的化合物，主要从苦参根及苦豆子中提取，其中氧化苦参碱含量在98％以上。其具有抗心律失常、抗动脉粥样硬化、保肝利胆、抗肿瘤等广泛的生理活性。临床应用中发现苦参素与其它药物联用有很好的效果，能增强远期疗效，降低复发率，逆转抗药性。本文就近年来苦参素联合用药在治疗肝脏疾病、皮肤病及抗肿瘤方面的临床应用情况作一综述。     

苦参素抗纤维化作用的临床评价

目的探讨苦参素的抗肝纤维化作用.方法以应用苦参素治疗的24例慢性乙型肝炎中度的病人为治疗组,同时选择26例基本条件相似的未用苦参素治疗的慢性乙型肝炎中度的病人为对照组.观察治疗前后患者血清透明质酸(HA),Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ),肝功能等指标变化.结果苦参素治疗组血清肝纤维化指标,ALT,TBIL下降明显,与治疗前及对照组比较差异有显著性.结论苦参素能有效的降低HA、PCⅢ、ALT、TBIL,改善临床症状,减轻炎性细胞浸润及肝细胞坏死,具有抗肝纤维化作用.     

苦参素治疗子宫颈癌的临床观察及护理

目的探讨苦参素临床应用和科学护理在子宫颈癌治疗中的作用。方法子宫颈癌患者70例随机分为治疗组和对照组,在科学护理的基础上,对照组常规化疗,治疗组联合使用复方苦参素。结果治疗组总有效率(CR+PR)为68.57%,与对照组比较,差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组生活质量明显改善,KPS评分提高,改善率达到65.71%,与对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。结论苦参素临床应用和科学护理在子宫颈癌治疗中发挥了积极的作用。     

拉米夫啶联合苦参素治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床观察

目的观察拉米夫啶联合苦参素治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效。方法治疗组50例应用拉米夫啶0.1g每日1次,服用1年以上,同时应用苦参素600mg/100ml静脉滴注,每日1次,2月个后改为200mg口服6个月。对照组46例,单用拉米夫啶,观察病人HBV-DNA、HBV标志物、肝功能变化。结果治疗组HBV-DNA、HBeAg阴转、肝功能复常率、临床表现改善明显高于对照组。YMDD变异发生率低于对照组。结论拉米夫啶联合苦参素治疗慢性乙型肝炎可显著提高抗病毒的疗效,对肝功能复常、临床症状改善疗效明显优于单用拉米夫啶。     

苦参素注射液治疗慢性丙肝肝纤维化的临床观察

目的观察苦参素注射液治疗慢性丙肝肝纤维化的临床疗效。方法 90例PLC患者,随机分成2组,观察组45例,两组均予以常规治疗,观察组加用苦参素注射液100ml（含苦参素0.6g）静脉滴注,1次/d。疗程12周。结果苦参素注射液能明显改善肝功能、肝纤维化指标,使HCV-RNA有所下降。结论苦参素注射液治疗慢性丙肝肝纤维化的近期疗效良好,且价格低廉,无明显的不良反应,值得临床推广应用。     

苦参素药理作用研究进展

苦参素是生物碱类药物,在临床上用于肝炎等疾病的治疗。本文综述了苦参素在药理方面的研究进展,主要包括抗病毒、降低转氨酶、抗炎、抗纤维化、抗肿瘤、免疫、治疗肾病等方面的作用,为该药在临床的进一步使用提供依据。     

双嘧达莫联合苦参素治疗慢性乙肝肝纤维化的疗效

苦参素对抗肝纤维化作用已多有报道。为寻找更有效的抗肝纤维化的方法,本院对乙型病毒性肝炎患者尝试联合应用双嘧达莫和苦参素治疗,同时与单用苦参素组比较,观察其临床疗效的影响。1材料与方法1.1病例选择慢性乙肝患者110例均符合1995年北京第五次全国传染病与寄生虫病会议修订诊断标准。男62例,女48例。年龄25～48岁。其中慢性中度76例,重度34例。血清学排除甲、丙、丁、戊型肝炎病毒感染。随机分为两组,联合用药组59例,苦参素组51例。1.2治疗方法苦参素组:苦参素注射液(宁夏制药厂生产批号:990427),体重>60kg6ml/次,体重<60kg4ml/次,1次/…     

Patient compliance and therapeutic coverage: comparison of amlodipine and slow release nifedipine in the treatment of hypertension

To study patient compliance in hypertensive outpatients amlodipine (5 mg once daily) and slow release nifedipine (20 mg twice daily) were compared in an open, crossover study in general practices.Four methods of assessment for patient compliance (pill count, taking compliance, days with correct dosing, timing compliance) were used in both study arms. For the latter three assessment a special device, the medication event monitoring system, was used to record the time and date of each opening and closure of the container.The compliance of the 320 hypertensive patients with once-daily amlodipine was markedly superior to twice-daily slow release nifedipine. Therapeutic coverage was also significantly better for amlodipine in the hypertensive patients. Amlodipine was better tolerated than nifedipine slow release.Patient compliance and therapeutic coverage with the calcium antagonist amlodipine given once daily was superior to slow release nifedipine b. d. in hypertensive outpatients recruited in general practice. Statistical Unit: Léon Kaufmann, Marie-Paule Derde, Data Investigation Company Europe, Brussels Participating Investigators: D. Abbate, G. Armand, C.I. Authelet, J.L. Badot, J. Baeck, P. Baeck, P. Bastin, C.I. Bernard, P. Bernard, B. Beyssens, J. Bosly, P. Boudart, J. Bourdeaudhuy, W. Callens, L. Carolides, Y. Catry, E. Cerstelotte, F. Charlier, H. Charloteaux, J.M. Chaudron, L. Christiaen, G. Cornette, P. Cranskens, R. Creteur, N. De Cock, M. De Corte, A. De Vos, P. Defrance, P. Delhaye, G. Deneckere, M. Dobbeleir, A. Dufour, P. Dumont, L. D'Haen, H. D'Haenens, P. Eloy, P. Evrard, C. Fellemans, G. Geeraerts, L. Gielen, D. Grand, J. Grosjean, J. Guffens, R. Guillaume, R. Hacquaert, V. Hamoir, W. Hens, M. Hondeghem, M.C. Humblet-Koch, L. Leven, W. Janssens, L. Jeanfils, J. Jodogne, B. Jortay, W. Ketels, J.M. Krzesinski, E. Langendries, J. Lannoy, M. Leeman, J. Leire, P. Lempereur, L. Lenaerts, F. Lustman, R. Martens, Y. Maus, M. Meroueh, J.P. Meurant, P. Meurant, A. Michiels, E. Mievis, H. Moors, K. Naesens, P. Neels, J. Neven, W. Odeurs, W. Pardon, M. Peduzzi, J. Piette, D. Plessers, P. Putzeys, A. Quoidbach, A. Renaerts, G. Rits, M. Ruhwiedel, M. Salavracos, M. Seret, P. Sibille, M. Taziaux, J. Teucq, H. Therasse, F. Tihon, F. Vandenput, J. Van Elsen, J.P. Van Liefferinge, J. Van Neck, M. Van Pelt, T. Van Vlaenderen, G. Vandenbeylaardt, M. Vandewoude, F. Veldeman, D. Ven, F. Verbruggen, A. Vlaeminck, P. Werion, J. Westerlinck. Advisory Board: Pierre Block, Division of Cardiology, Universiteit Brussels, A.Z.-V.U.B. University Hospital Brussels, Belgium; Guy De Backer, Universiteit Gent, Gent; Jean-Paul Degaute, Hypertension Clinic, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Jean-Marie R. Detry, Division of Cardiology, University of Louvain, St. Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium; Roland Six, Department of Internal Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, A.Z.-V.U.B., Brussels, Belgium.     

Proceedings of the Australian Society for Medical Research

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Zilko, Department of Clinical Immunology; Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, W.A. 6. Reduced suppressor T-lymphocyte activity in myasthenia gravis. K. T. Holmes, P. J. Zilko and R. L. Dawkins, Department of Clinical Immunology, Queen Elizabeth IIMedical Centre, Perth, W.A. 7. Significance and characterization of a new class of antimuscle autoantibodies . B. L. McDonald, R. L. Dawkins, J. Robinson and P. H. Kay, Clinical Immunology Division, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, W.A. 8. Adaptive immunity against old RBC? K. O. Cox and D. A. Cunliffe, School of Biological Sciences, The Flinders University of South Australia. 9. Blood pressure and metabolic effects of 9a-fluorohydrocortisone in sheep . J. P. Coghlan, D. A. Denton, J. S. K. Fan, J. G. McDougall, B. A. Scoggins, and J. A. Whitworth. Howard Florey Institute of Experimental Physiology and Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria 10. Exaggerated natriuresis in ACTH hypertension in sheep . J. A. Whitworth, J. P. Coghlan, D. A. Denton, J. S. K. Fan, J. G. McDougall and B. A. Scoggins, Howard Florey Institute of F. Experimental Phvsiology & Medicine. Melbourne. Victoria. 11. 5α-Dihydrocortisol, aldosterone and urinary electrolytes . W. R. Adam, J. W. Funder, J. Mercer and S. Ulick, Repatriation General Hospital, Heidelberg 3077; INSERM U7, Hõpital Necker, 75015 Paris; Medical Research Centre, Prince Henry's Hospital 3004; and Bronx V.A., New York 10468. 12. The effect of dopamine on pig kidney medullary Na⁺K⁺ ATPase as measured by [³H] ouabain binding . W. R. Adam. Repatriation General Hospital. Heidelberg. 3077. 13. Angiotensin III specific receptors in the rat adrenal gland. P. G. Matthews, M.-G. Pernollet, M.-A. Devynck and P. Meyer, INSERM U7, HõpitalNecker, 75015, Paris, France. 14. Localization of immunoreactive angiotensins in rat brains . J. S. Hutchinson and J. Csicsmann, Baker Medical Research Institute, Melbourne. 15. Isolation of a new peptide in the central nervous system . Fiona Furby, Claire Baxter, G.G. Duggin, J.S. 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Study of sulfobromophthalein metabolism-depression by diethyl maleate. G. Whelan , Dept. of Medicine, University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne. 21. Intestinal sugar transport after bile fistula . Valerie Burke and Michael Gracey, Princess Margaret Children's Medical Research Foundation, Perth, W.A. 22. Nature of hormone which regulates intrinsic factor vitamin B₁₂ receptor activity in mouse small intestine . J. A. Robertson and N. D. Gallagher A. W. Morrow, Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney N.S. W. 23. Alterations in hepatic cobalamin distribution in liver disease. J. A . Gall and W. G. E. Cooksley, Department of Biochemistry, University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane. 24. Effect of liver damage on hepatic vitamin B₁₂ metabolism J. A. Owens and W. G. E. Cooksley, Department of Biochemistry, University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane. 23. The effects of smoking on drug metabolism . G. C. Farrell, W. 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B. van der Weyden, Prince Henry and Prince of Wales Hospitals, Sydney and Alfred Hospital, Melbourne. 34. Coagulant activities of human plasma lipoproteins. P . Vijayagopal and N. G. Ardlie, Department of Clinical Science, Australian National University Canberra, A.C.T. 35. Effect of quinine on coagulation activity of platelets . P. K. Hozzeinzaden, S. L. Pfuller and B. G. Firkin, Department of Medicine, Monash University Medical School, Melbourne. 36. Identification of a bypass mechanism of the classical intrinsic clotting pathway by platelets . B. G. Firkin, P. Booth, L. Stott and M. A. Howard, Dept. Medicine, Monash University Med. School, Alfred Hospital. 37. Plasma proteins required for the interaction between platelets and particulate matter. Sharron L. Pfueller, Department ofMedicine, Monash University, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne. 38. Effect of thrombin on incorporation of [³H]glycerol into phospholipids of human platelets. J. V. Lloyd, Department of Clinical Science, John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University, Canberra, A.C.T. 39. The diagnostic problem of acquired von Willebrand's disease. S. E. Watts, M. J. Hooper, E. Byrne and J. V. Lloyd, Department of Haematology, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, and Department of Endocrinology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia. 40. Studies on the structure and subunit composition of human antihemophilic factor. J.J. Gorman and H. Ekert, Department of Clinical Haematology and Oncology', Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. 41. Isolation and characterization of blocking factors in the sera of melanoma patients. Elaine Murray and P. Hersey, Medical Research Department, Sydney Hospital. 42. Characterization of a heterophile antibody system by antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. D. J. Feeney, G. C. Saueracker, R. L. Dawkins and B. L. McDonald, Clinical Immunology Division, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia. 43. Loss of antibody-forming potential in old mice is associated with the appearance of nonspecific suppressor T-cells. R.E. Callard, Immunology Unit, Dept. of Bacteriology, University of Sydney. 44. Regulation of antibody production by suppressor T-cells. R. Loblay, H. Briscoe and I. Wilcox. Immunology Unit, Dept. of Bacteriology, University of Sydney, Sydney. 45. Immunologic memory and lymphocyte regulation in the human mucosa. R. Clancy, A. Pucci, P. Pye and T. Jelibovsky, Departments of Immunology, Thoracic Medicine and Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney. 46. Retroviruses in human cancer. F. C. Wilson, H. J. Thome and D. G. Jose, Clinical Immunology and Immunogenetics Unit, Cancer Institute, Melbourne. 47. A murine model for treatment of micrometastases. P. A. Gatenby, Immunology Unit, Dept. of Bacteriology, University of Sydney. 48. T-cell dependence of the sneak through phenomenon. P. A. Gatenby and A. Basten, Immunology Unit, Dept. of Bacteriology, University of Sydney. 49. Screening of cord blood low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). T. J. Boulton, I. H. Craig, G. Hill and L. Coote, University of Adelaide and Adelaide Children's Hospital. 50. Cholesterol homeostasis in infants. A. B. Poyser, P. J. Nestel and J. Boulton*, Baker Medical Research Institute, Melbourne, and *Department of Paediatrics, Adelaide Children's Hospital. 51 . Very low density lipoprotein turnover and triglyceride metabolism in man. M. F. Reardon, P. J. Nestel and N. H. Fidge, Baker Medical Research Institute, Melbourne. 52. Studies of HDL esterified cholesterol: a new technique. J. I. Lally and P. J. Barter, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia. 53. Diet-induced alterations of serum lipids and lipoproteins. I. Linton, A. Warrell, B. Cham and P. Owens, Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane Hospital. 54. Biochemical and ultrastructural studies of the synthesis of elastin, proteoglycans and collagen by neonatal rat aortic smooth muscle cells in tissue culture. B. W. Oakes, A. C. Batty, and C. J. Handley, Monash University, Australia. 55. Serum ferritin estimation in screening for familial haemochromatosis. R. N. Murray, K. L. Gera, K. B. Shilkin and W. D. Reed, Gastroenterology/Liver Unit and University Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, W.A. 56. Sandwich immunoradiometric assay for serum ferritin using commercial antiserum. K. L. Gera and W. D. Redd, Gastroenterology/Liver Unit and University Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, W.A. 57. The kinetics of tissue and serum ferritins. U. Mack, L. W. Powell and J. W. Halliday, Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane. 58. Morphometric assessment of bronchiolar calibre in man. N. Berend, G. E. Marlin and A. J. Woolcock, Respiratory Unit, R.G.H. Concord and the University of Sydney, N.S.W., Australia. 59. Protective effect of the aerosol beta adrenergic drug (BEROTEC) on bronchial response to methacholine in asthma. Lucy J. Vautin and Ann J. Woolcock, Department of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney. 60. An in vitro model of bronchial hyper-reactivity. Brian Creese and M. A. Denborough, Department of Qinical Science, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, A.C.T. 61. Statistical analysis of data expressed as a percentage change. M. W. Jones and Ann. J. Woolcock, Department of Medicine, Sydney University. 62. Microfilament distribution in cell death by apoptosis. W. M. Clouston and J. F. R. Kerr, Department of Pathology, University of Queensland. 63. Induction of cytological variations in human synovial cell lines. B. J. Clarris, J. R. E. Fraser and E. Baxter, University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne. 64. Infertility after azathioprine therapy. H. P. Roeser and A. Nikles, Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane. 65. Enhancement of leucocidal activity by brief exposure to antibiotic. H. Pruul and P. J. McDonald, Clinical Microbiology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide. 66. Inhibitors of human spleen dihydro-orotate dehydrogenase. Annette Gero and W. J. O'Sullivan, School of Biochemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, N.S. W. 67. Ia antigens in immune responses. I. F. C. McKenzie, M. Sandrin and C. R. Parish, Department of Medicine, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Victoria and Department of Microbiology, Australian National University, Canberra. 68. HLA and disease: review of genetic and statistical considerations. J. D. Mathews, University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria. 69. HLA-BW15 and HLA-BW17: linkage disequilibria with other HLA antigens. J. B. Houliston, J. D. Wetherall, B. Hawkins and R. L. Dawkins, Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Perth Hospital and QE11 Medical Centre, Perth, W.A. 70. Myasthenia gravis and HLA: relationship to autoimmunity, immunodeficiency and thymic disease in patients and their relatives. F. T. Christiansen, R. L. Dawkins and B. Houliston, Clinical Immunology Division, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia. 71. HLA antigens and disease in the busselton population. R. R. Hawkins and P. L. Dawkins, Department of Clinical Immunology, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth. W.A. 73. Ethanol metabolism. M. N. Berry, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia. 74. Vitamin deficiency in alcoholism, with particular reference to thiamine deficiency. B. Wood and K. J. Breen, Dept. of Medicine, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria. 75. Pathogenetic mechanisms in alcoholic liver disease. R. A. Small wood, Department of Medicine. Austin Hosvital. Heidelbere. 76. Pituitary-gonadal axis in alcoholism and liver disease. H. W. G. Baker, Howard Florey Institute of Experimental Physiology & Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria. 77. Social, psychological and economic aspects of alcoholism: recent advances. Ms. Margaret Hamilton, Dept. of Social Studies, University of Melbourne, Melbourne. 78. Myocardial cell suspensions for biochemical study of ischaemia. M. G. Clark, C. S. E. Wurm, G. S. Patten and M. N. Berry, Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Flinders University Medical School, S.A. 79. Myocardial substrate requirements. M. L. Wahlqvist, Department of Medicine, Monash University, Prince Henry's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. 80. Physiological determinants of cardiac oxygen consumption. C. L. Gibbs, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria. 81. Protein turnover in the normal and hypertrophying myocardium. M. P. Sparrow, A. W. Everett, G. J. Laurent, Caroline M. Bonnin and R. R. Taylor, Pharmacology Department, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 82. Limiting factors in myocardial ischaemia. J. Eason, R. Bonyhady and J. F. Williams, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Australian National University, Canberra. 83. Cardiac metabolism of short and long chain fatty acids and of carbohydrate in conscious dogs. S. P. Lim, M. L. Wahlqvist, E. Anne Shanahan, I. G. Jarrett, O. H. Filsell and E. G. Wilmshurst, Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne; Division of Human Nutrition, CSIRO, Adelaide and Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney. 84. Turnover rates of muscle proteins in cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle: turnover rate related to muscle function. Caroline M. Bonnin, G. J. Laurent, A. W. Everett, and M. P. Sparrow, Pharmacology Dept., University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 85. Protein synthesis during the rapid phase of cardiac hypertrophy in the dog. A. W. Everett, R. R. Taylor and M. P. Sparrow, Depts. of Pharmacology and Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 86. Synthesis of muscle proteins and collagen during hypertrophy of skeletal muscle. G. J. Laurent, M. P. Sparrow and D. J. Millward, Department of Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, W.A. 87. Water and electrolyte exchange in arteries: effect of 1-epinephrine and passive stretch. J. K. Healy and J. Oweczkin, LIONS Research Laboratory, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane. 88. Evolution of trace proteinuria in diabetes mellitus. G. Jerums, E. Seeman, R. M. L. Murray and P. Smith, Endocrine Unit and Department of Medicine, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg. 89. Pharmacokinetics of Mesamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin (DDAVP) in central diabetes insipidus. P. T. Pullan and C. I. Johnston, Monash University Department of Medicine, Prince Henry's Hospital, Melbourne. 90. Inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission by histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. Michael A. McGrath and John T. Shepherd, Mayo Clinic & Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A. 91. The effect of a transaminase inhibitor on oxalate synthesis in vitro. A. M. Rofe and J. B. Edwards, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Medical & Veterinary Science, Adelaide. 92. Adenosine-3′,5′-monophosphate and insulin secretion. R. G. Larkins and Lillian Simeonova, University of Melbourne Dept of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne. 93. Aortic glycosaminoglycans in non-diabetes and diabetic rabbits. P. Muthiah, P. S. R. Murthy and S. K. Mukherjee, Department of Pathology, The University of Adelaide, S.A. and Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India. 94. Hereditary stomatocytosis: association of low diphosphoglycerate with increased cation pumping. J. S. Wiley, R. A. Cooper and T. Asakura, Department of Medicine, Austin Hospital, Melbourne and University of Pennsylvania Medical School, U.S.A. 95. Cytokinetic studies in children with untreated acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL): relationship to cell markers. Barbara Dobrostanski and Henry Ekert, Department of Clinical Haematology and Oncology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne. 96. The establishment of an adenosine deaminase deficient lymphoblastoid cell line. M. B. van der Weyden, I. Jack, C. H. Lee and J. B. Ziegler, Monash University Medical School Alfred Hospital, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, and Prince Henry & Prince of Wales Hospitals, Sydney. 97. Activation of the granulocyte cell surface NADH oxidase. Catharine Dewar, Department of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Australia. 98. Lecithin induced eosinophilia. G. T. Archer, J. Jindra, June Robson and Judith Smith, New South Wales Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Sydney, Australia. 99. Effect of colony stimulating factors) (CSF) on granulocyte-macrophage progenitor recovery after treatment of mice with 5-FU. G. S. Hodgson and T. R. Bradley, Biological Research Unit, Cancer Institute, Melbourne. 100. Epidemiology and experimental research-a symbiotic relationship. B. K. Armstrong, Department of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, W.A. 101. Immunovirology of malignant disease. D. G. Jose, Clinical Immunology and Immunogenetics Unit, Cancer Institute, Melbourne. 102. Chemical carcinogenesis. B. W. Stewart, School of Pathology, University of New South Wales, Kensington. 103. Drug treatment of cancer. M. H. N. Tattersall, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, N.S. W. 104. The psychobiology of weight loss. R. S. Kalucy, Department of Psychiatry, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia. 105. Enkephalin. Geoffrey W. Tregear , Howard Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville. 106. HLA and disease. W. F. Bodmer , Genetics Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, England.     

Alpinia zerumbet,a ginger plant with a multitude of medicinal properties: An update on its research findings

In this review, the botany and uses of Alpinia zerumbet (yan shan jiang) are described, and the current knowledge of its phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, and clinical trials is summarized. An important ginger crop in East Asia, A. zerumbet has many uses, both medicinal and non-medicinal. Leaves are used to produce essential oils and herbal teas. Rhizomes are consumed as spices, and stem fibers are made into paper, fabrics, and handicrafts. In Brazil, tea from A. zerumbet leaves is believed to have hypotensive, diuretic, and anti-ulcerogenic properties. This species possesses many medicinal properties due to its chemical constituents, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, phenylpropanoids, kava pyrones, sterols, and terpenoids. Extracts of A. zerumbet display antioxidant, antimicrobial, insecticidal, anthelmintic, tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibitory, anti-atherogenic, anti-aging, anti-glycation, integrase and neuraminidase inhibitory, lifespan prolongation, hair growth promotion, anticancer, antidepressant, anxiolytic, anti-obesity, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-platelet, osteoblastic, osteogenic, thrombolytic, and cardiacarrhythmogenic activities. Essential oils of A. zerumbet leaves have antimicrobial, larvicidal, antinociceptive, hypotensive, vasorelaxant, myorelaxant, antispasmodic, antidepressant, anxiolytic, anti-neuraminidase, anti-atherogenic, anti-aging, anti-melanogenic, anti-tyrosinase, cytoprotective, cardiodepressive, antipsychotic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and tissue healing activities.Clinical trials conducted in Brazil showed that extracts of A. zerumbet have hypotensive and diuretic effects whereas topical application of the essential oil has positive therapeutic effects on patients with fibromyalgia. Spanning two continents of Asia and South America, A. zerumbetis truly a multi-purpose ginger plant with promising medicinal properties.     

鬼臼酰肼-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶腙的抗肿瘤作用

目的研究鬼臼酰肼-2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶腙的抗肿瘤作用。方法：K(562)及L(1210)细胞体外培养24h台盼蓝染色计数、小鼠单次腹腔注射LD(50)测定、小鼠移植性肿瘤S(180)、EAC及HepA皮下接种及测瘤重。结果：鬼臼酰肼-2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶腙及鬼臼乙叉甙用0．1714、0．0857、0.0171、0.0086及0.0017mmol·L(－1)浓度对体外培养的K(562)及L(1210)细胞有杀伤及增殖抑制作用，鬼臼酰肼-2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶腙的抑制率为60．55％、45．38％、18．68％、15．93％、11．57％；61．88％、47．59％、24．28％、16．55％、12．85％。鬼臼乙叉甙抑制率为64．73％、49．15％、22．94％、15．37％、10．44％；66．37％、52．43％、36.32％、19．37％、9．07％，给药组与对照组比较差别有显著性。两药品相同剂量比较无明显的差异，鬼臼酰肼-2,2，6，6-四甲基哌啶腙小鼠单次腹腔注射LD(50)为288．6～413．1mg·kg(-1)。鬼臼乙叉甙LD50为72.3～102.9mg·kg(-1)，对小鼠移植性肿瘤S(180)、EAC及HepA有抑制作用，瘤重抑制率鬼臼酰肼-2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶腙为41．6％、43．3％、40．3％、（70．0mg·kg(－1)），32．2％、34．6％、35．1％（35．0mg·kg(-1)），26.2％、32.3％、28．6％（14．5mg·kg(－1)）;鬼臼乙叉?     

Antimicrobial activity of imipenem against 1386 clinical isolates

1386 isolates from clinical specimens were tested against imipenem by disc agar diffusion. The bacteria used in this study consisted of Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, E. agglomerans, E. cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, K. ozanae, Proteus mirabilis, P. vulgaris, Providencia stuartii, P. rettgeri, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Citrobacter diversus, C. freundii, Morganella morganii, Serratia liquefaciens, S. marcescens, Hafnia alvei, Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. cepacia, P. maltophila, P. fluorescens, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus, pneumococcus, Lancefield group A, B and D streptococci, viridans streptococci, diphtheroids and Bacillus species. In vitro activity of imipenem was compared with the following antibiotics: ampicillin, amikacin, carbenicillin, cefoperazone, cefoxitin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, colistin, erythromycin, gentamicin, methicillin, penicillin, tetracycline, tobramycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and vancomycin. Of the 819 strains of Enterobacteriaceae tested, 99.5% were susceptible to imipenem. Ninety-seven percent strains of P. aeruginosa were also susceptible to imipenem. All the 161 isolates of S. aureus and 116 of the 117 isolates of enterococci exhibited in vitro susceptibility to this antibiotic. All gram positive bacteria tested were inhibited by imipenem except 28% isolates of S. epidermidis and 5% isolates of S. agalactiae.     

Susceptibilities of clinical isolates to antibacterial agents. Focusing mainly on ofloxacin (first report). Reported by the Research Group for Testing Ofloxacin Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates

Susceptibility tests were carried out on a variety of clinically isolated pathogens using the susceptibility disc method at 197 hospitals in Japan between May, 1985 through March, 1986. These tests were organized by the Research Group for Testing Ofloxacin Susceptibility on Clinical Isolates, and the results were statistically analyzed. This paper describes a comparison of susceptibilities of clinical isolates including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, Serratia marcescens, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Acinetobacter sp. and Campylobacter jejuni to ofloxacin (OFLX) and conventional antibacterial drugs. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. OFLX showed strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, N. gonorrhoeae, E. coli, E. aerogenes, E. cloacae, C. freundii, K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, M. morganii, H. influenzae, A. calcoaceticus, Acinetobacter sp. and C. jejuni and only a few strains were resistant to OFLX. Moreover, OFLX has superior antibacterial activity against many species compared not only to norfloxacin but also to most of the conventional antibacterial drugs. 2. When studied by sampled materials such as sputum, urine, abscesses and otorrhea, OFLX occasionally showed different actions against the same species from different sources. Almost species from the urinary isolates were less sensitive than those from the sputum.     

胃肿瘤术后早期肠内营养与肠外营养支持的疗效比较

目的比较胃肿瘤患者术后早期肠内营养与肠外营养支持的疗效。方法146例胃肿瘤术后患者,按照随机数字表法分为肠内营养组（EN组）72例,肠外营养组（PN组）74例,比较两组治疗前、后血清白蛋白（ALB）、前白蛋白（PA）、血红蛋白（HB）、转铁蛋白（TF）和淋巴细胞总数（TLC）、免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、IgM。比较治疗后24h尿素（Urea）和肌酐排泄量（Cr）、肛门排气时间、排便时间、住院时间。结果两组治疗后与同组治疗前比较,PA、HB、TF和TLC、IgA、IgG、IgM水平差异均有统计学意义（t=1．263、2．143、2．204、2．195、2．263、2．187、2．248、2．177、0．752、2．011、2．137、2．141、2．136、2．077、2．056、2．033,均P〈0．05）,治疗后两组PA、HB、TF和IgA、IgG、IgM水平差异均有统计学意义（t：2．013、2．148、2．177、2．185、2．063、2．107,均P〈0．05）。EN组与PN组比较,Urea、Cr、排便时间、住院时间等差异均有统计学意义（t=2．109、2．231、2．357、2．211、2．173,均P〈0．05）。结论胃肿瘤患者术后早期肠内营养,有助于胃肿瘤患者早期的营养状态的改善,提高机体免疫力及减少并发症的发生。     

Chemical composition of the above-ground part of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Coriandrum sativum</Emphasis>

The composition of c (Coriandrum sativum L.) has been studied. The results of HPLC showed the presence of 43 substances, among which 21 phenolic compounds were identified. These components represent mainly flavonoids, coumarins, and phenolcarboxylic acids. Some of these compounds, including apigenin, luteolin, hyperoside, hesperidin, vicenin, diosmin, orientine, dihydroquercetin, chrysoeriol, catechin, ferulic acid, gallic acid, salicylic acid, dicoumarin, 4-hydroxycoumarin, esculin, esculetin, maleic acid, tartaric acid, and arbutin were identified in this plant for the first time. The elemental and amino acid analyses of coriander, which were also performed for the first time, showed that the prevailing elements are potassium, sodium, calcium and phosphorus, while the prevailing amino acids are glutamine, asparagine, and arginine. __________ Translated from Khimiko-Farmatsevticheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 41, No. 3, pp. 30–34, March, 2007.     

Book Review

Abstract

General and Applied Toxicology, second edition, edited by B. Ballantyne, T. Marrs, and T. Syversen, Grove's Dictionaries, Inc., New York, NY, Volume 1, 609 pages, Volume 2, 1414 pages, Volume 3, 2199 pages. $575.00. 2000.

Industrial Surfactants, second edition, edited by Ernest W. Flick, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 547 pages. $145.00. 1993.

Industrial Surfactants, second edition, edited by Ernest W. Flick, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 547 pages. $145.00. 1993.

Percutaneous Absorption: Drugs-Cosmetics-Mechanisms-Methodology, third edition, edited by R. L. Bronaugh and H. I. Maibach, Volume 97 in the Drugs and Pharmaceutical Sciences series, Marcel Dekker, Inc., NY, 955 pages. $225.00. 1999.

Atlas of Contact Dermatitis, by R. L. Rietschel, L. Conde-Salazar, A. Goosens, and N. K. Veien, Martin Dunitz Publishers, London, England, 325 pages. $165.00 (89.95). 1999.     

Natural medicine: the genus Angelica

More than 60 species of medicinal plants belong to the genus Angelica (Family: Apiaceae). Many of these species have long been used in ancient traditional medicine systems, especially in the far-east. Various herbal preparations containing Angelica species are available over-the-counter, not only in the far-eastern countries, but also in the western countries like USA, UK, Germany, etc. For centuries, many species of this genus, e.g. A. acutiloba, A. archangelica, A. atropupurea, A. dahurica, A. japonica, A. glauca, A. gigas, A. koreana, A. sinensis, A. sylvestris, etc., have been used traditionally as anti-inflammatory, diuretic, expectorant and diaphoretic, and remedy for colds, flu, influenza, hepatitis, arthritis, indigestion, coughs, chronic bronchitis, pleurisy, typhoid, headaches, wind, fever, colic, travel sickness, rheumatism, bacterial and fungal infections and diseases of the urinary organs. Active principles isolated from these plants mainly include various types of coumarins, acetylenic compounds, chalcones, sesquiterpenes and polysaccharides. This review evaluates the importance of the genus Angelica in relation to its traditional medicinal uses, alternative medicinal uses in the modern society and potential for drug development, and summarises results of various scientific studies on Angelica species or Angelica-containing preparations for their bioactivities including, antimicrobial, anticancer, antitumour, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, etc.