Clinical Application of Yongquan （KI 1）Acupointd

Yongquan （KI 1） is the Jing-Well point of Kidney Meridian of Foot Shaoyin. It can be used to treat many kinds of diseases, such as parietal headache, vertigo and blurred vision, hypopharynx swelling and pain, dry tongue, voice loss, epistaxis, apoplexy and apoplectic sequela, dysufia, ungratifying defecation, epilepsy, syncope, planter fever, palpitations, lower limbs spasm, hypertension, vomiting, infantile convulsion. The author applied Yongquan （KI 1） in clinical practice and obtained satisfactory therapeutic effects. Now five cases were introduced as follows.     

Clinical curative effect of fuzi-cake-separated moxibustion for pre- venting dysuria after operation for lower limb fracture

OBJECTIVE： To assess the clinical curative effect of fuzi-cake-separated moxibustion at Zhongji（CV 3）and Guanyuan（CV 4） for preventing dysuria after internal fixation of lower limb fractures.METHODS： Sixty patients conforming to the inclusion standards were randomly divided into a treatment group（n=30） and a control group（n=30）.Fuzi-cake-separated moxibustion was performed at Guanyuan（CV 4） and Zhongji（CV 3）, 20 min at a time, twice a day, for 3 days before operation in the treatment group. No fuzi-cake-separated moxibustion was performed in the control group. After treatment, the score for symptoms of first urination, urinary time, urinary volume, 24 h remaining urinary volume, incidence of uroschesis, and rate of controlling dysuria were compared to evaluate the curative effect of preventing post-operative dysuria.RESULTS： The score for symptoms of first urination,24 h remaining urinary volume（maximum 120 m L vs 250 m L, and less than 10 m L in 24 cases vs 15 cases）, and the rate of controlling dysuria（83.34% vs30%） were significantly better（P〈0.05, P〈0.05, and P〈0.001, respectively） in the treatment compared with the control group. There was no statistical difference（P〉0.05） between the two groups in first post-operative urinary time, urinary volume, or incidence of 24 h uroschesis.CONCLUSION： Fuzi-cake-separated moxibustion at Zhongji（CV 3） and Guanyuan（CV 4） can better prevent post-operative dysuria, effectively promote the functional restoration of the urinary bladder,and control the incidence of post-operative dysuria.     

Effect of catgut implantation at acupoints on GABA. and mGluR1 expressions in brain stem of rats with spasticity after stroke

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effect of catgut implantation at acupoints on the expressions of γ-amino butyric acid B receptor（GABAB ） and metabotropic glutamate receptor 1（mGluR1） in the brain stem of rats with spasticity after stroke.METHODS： In total, 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups： a sham group（n=10）, a model group（n=25） and a treatment group（n=25）. The rats in both the model group and the treatment group were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion to establish a model of focal cerebral ischemia. Rats with limb-spasm met the inclusion criteria. Only the left carotid artery was isolated in sham group rats. Three days after modeling, the treatment group was subjected to catgut implantation at Dazhui（GV 14）, Guanyuan（CV 4）, and Zhongwan（CV 12）. Neurological deficit symptoms were assessed with the Zea-Longa neurological deficit score. The Modified Ashworth Scale（MAS）, and isolated muscle tone were used to evaluate spasticity before and after treatment. Immunohistochemistry was applied to determine the expression of GABAB and mGluR1 in the rat brain stem after treatment.RESULTS： After treatment, neural impairment symptoms had significantly improved in the treatment group when compared to the model group（P〈0.05）. Both MAS and isolated muscle tone in the treatment group were significantly decreased when compared with the model group（P〈0.05）,and were also lower than before treatment. GABAB expression was significantly higher and mGluR1 was lower in the treatment group when compared with the model group（P〈0.01 and P〈0.05, respectively）.CONCLUSION： Catgut implantation at Dazhui（GV 14）, Guanyuan（CV 4）, and Zhongwan（CV 12）, can relieve limb spasticity by increasing the expression of GABAB and reducing the expression of mGluR1 in the brain stem of rats after stroke.     

Reversal effect of bufalin on multidrug resistance in K562/VCR vin- cristine-resistant leukemia cell line

OBJECTIVE： To probe insights into the reversal effect of bufalin on vincristine-acquired multidrug resistance（MDR） in human leukemia cell line K562/VCR.METHODS： Proliferative inhibition rate and the reversal index（RI） of bufalin were determined by Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. The uptake of Adriamycin（ADM） in K562/VCR cells, cell cycle and apoptosis rate were determined by flow cytometry（FCM）. Cell morphologic changes were observed with Wright-Giemsa staining. The expression of P-glycoprotein（P-gp）, multidrug-associated protein-1（MRP1）, Bcl-x L and Bax protein were measured by immunocytochemistry.RESULTS： The human leukemia multidrug resistant K562/VCR cells showed no cross-resistance to bufalin. The RIs of bufalin at concentrations of 0.0002,0.001 and 0.005 μmol/L were 4.85, 6.94 and 14.77,respectively. Preincubation of 0.001 μmol/L bufalin for 2 h could increase intracellular ADM fluorescence intensity to 28.07%（P〈0.05） and down-regulate MRP1 expression simultaneously, but no remarkable effect was found on P-gp protein. Cell cycle analysis indicated increased apoptosis rate and apparent decreased G2/M phase proportion after treatment with bufalin. When exposed to 0.01μmol/L bufalin, typical morphological changes of apoptosis could be observed. Down-regulation of Bcl-x L and up-regulation of Bax expression in K562/VCR cells could be detected by immunocytochemistry.CONCLUSION： Bufalin could partly reverse the MDR of K562/VCR cells, with a possible mechanism of down-regulating MRP1 expression and activating apoptosis pathway by altering Bcl-x L/Bax ratio.     

Oral JS-38,a metabolite from Xenorhabdus sp.,has both anti-tumor activity and the ability to elevate peripheral neutrophils

AIM： JS-38（mitothiolore）, a synthetic version of a metabolite isolated from Xenorhabdus sp., was evaluated for its anti-tumor and white blood cell（WBC） elevating activities. METHOD： These anti-proliferative activities were assessed in vitro using a panel of ten cell lines. The anti-tumor activities were tested in vivo using B16 allograft mouse models and xenograft models of A549 human lung carcinoma and QGY human hepatoma in nude mice. The anti-tumor interactions of JS-38 and cyclophosphamide（CTX） or 5-fluorouracil（5-Fu） were studied in a S180 sarcoma model in ICR mice. Specific stimulatory effects were determined on peripheral neutrophils in normal and CTX- and 5-Fu-induced neutropenic mice. RESULTS： The IC50 values ranged from 0.1 to 2.0 μmol·L-1. JS-38（1 μmol·L-1） caused an increase in A549 tumor cell apoptosis. Multi-daily gavage of JS-38（15, 30, and 60 mg？kg-1？d-1） inhibited in vivo tumor progression without a significant effect on body weight. JS-38 additively enhanced the in vivo anti-tumor effects of CTX or 5-Fu. JS-38 increased peripheral neutrophil counts and neutrophil rates in normal BALB/c mice almost as effectively as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor（G-CSF）. In mice with neutropenia induced by CTX or 5-Fu, JS-38 rapidly restored neutrophil counts. CONCLUSION： These results suggest that JS-38 has anti-tumor activity, and also has the ability to increase peripheral blood neutrophils.     

外感发热辨治1则

发热为外感病常见主症，医家多以为温能助热，畏麻黄、桂枝之辛温而废用。然中医治病重在辨证，温热外感多用银翘散、桑菊饮之列，风寒外感则非麻黄汤、桂枝汤之类不可。兹举案例1则以说明之。     

失眠治验一得

失眠为临床常见病,中医治疗本病有较丰富的经验。笔者曾治疗家母失眠之证,然久治不愈,不料应用桂枝茯苓丸治疗其下肢静脉曲张获效的同时,失眠也得意外好转,一案之中,启发颇多,故录于此。1病案举隅笔者母亲,女,63岁,教师,有失眠病史10余年。主要表现为噩梦纷纭,眠浅易醒,醒后难以入睡,致白昼头脑昏沉。观其舌暗红,苔薄白,脉弦滑。笔者曾屡以养心安神、重镇安神、清心化痰等法,如酸枣仁汤、朱砂安神丸、黄连温胆汤等,效果始终不佳。2007年7月,母亲又因左下肢静脉曲张要求服用中药。缘其职业原因有下肢静脉曲张病史20余年。既往因不甚严重,仅有秋冬季下肢干燥及不安腿综合征等表现,服芍药甘草汤可缓解,故未作系统治疗。近两年,此病有进行性加重趋势,双下肢青筋浮露,色素沉着,皮肤瘙痒,干燥脱屑,左腘窝后静脉曲张突起如鸽蛋大小,突起处皮肤变薄,表皮光亮,因恐其日久溃破,形成溃疡,故决意以中药调治。遂处以桂枝茯苓丸加牛膝,意在改善下肢血液循环。思病情日久,取丸剂缓图,处方:桂枝50g,肉桂30g,茯苓100g,牡丹皮100g,桃仁100g,赤芍药50g,白芍药50g,牛膝100g。上药研粉,水飞为丸,每服10g,每日3次。并告知其见效当...     

Electroacupuncture of Neiguan （PC 6） inhibits enhanced volt- age-gated sodium currents in ischemic ventricular myocytes

OBJECTIVE： To examine the effect of electroacupuncture（EA） at bilateral Neiguan（PC 6） on voltage-gated Na＋currents（INa） and channels（Nav） in ischemic ventricular myocytes.METHODS： EA serum was prepared from six male adult Sprague-Dawley rats that had received EA at bilateral Neiguan（PC 6）. Eighteen ventricular myocytes were prepared from six SD rats using an enzymolysis approach. Myocardial ischemia was mimicked by perfusion of ischemic solution. Whole-cell patch-clamping was used to record three currents evoked from isolated cells. The first current was the control, and recorded in absence of ischemic solution current. The second was the ischemic current,and recorded after perfusion of ischemic solution for 5 min, while the EA current was last, and recorded after perfusion of EA serum for 5 min. Navkinetic curves were fitted using related formulas.RESULTS： Compared with those in controls, in the presence of ischemic solution, peak amplitudes of INasignificantly increased from ﹣40 m V to ＋30 m V,and half-maximal inactivation potentials of Navincreased significantly, while half-maximal activation potentials, slope factors and the recovery time from inactivation to activation of Navwere unchanged. Compared with those in the ischemic solution, in the presence of EA serum, peak ischemic current amplitudes significantly reduced from ﹣40m V to ＋ 40 m V, and half-maximal inactivation potentials were restored, while half-maximal activation potentials, slope factors and the recovery time from inactivation to activation of Navwere unchanged.CONCLUSION： EA at bilateral Neiguan（PC 6） can reduce enhanced INavia restoration of delayed Navinactivation in ischemic ventricular myocytes.     

Effect of a comprehensive therapy plus Gushenyutai plaster admin- istered at Guanyuan （CV 4） on male infertility associated with se- men non-liquefaction

OBJECTIVE： To observe the clinical effect of Gushenyutai plaster administered at the Guanyuan（CV4） acupoint on male infertility associated with semen non-liquefaction.METHODS： Sixty-two male patients with infertility caused by semen non-liquefaction were random-ized into a treatment and control group. The control group received comprehensive therapy, which included oral administration of clarithromycin sustained release tablets, hip bath with Zhongyaoxiaoyan granules, prostate massage, and transurethral microwave treatment. The treatment group was administered Gushenyutai plaster in addition to the comprehensive therapy. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks. After treatment, the clinical effect and pregnancy rate were assessed and compared between the two groups.RESULTS： The effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group（96.77% vs 70.97%, P〈0.05） and the pregnancy rates of the treatment group and control groups were 38.71% and 16.13%, respectively（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION： The effect of Gushenyutai plaster plus comprehensive therapy was better than that of the comprehensive therapy alone on male infertility induced by semen non-liquefaction.     

Treatment of 56 Cases of Pain of Supra-orbital Bone by Puncturing Siguan Acupoints

Pain of supra-orbital bone is very common in clinic The author achieved significant effect in treating 56 cases of pain of supra-orbital bone by puncturing Siguan （four gates） points. The report is as follows.     

Postmarketing safety evaluation： depside salt injection made from Danshen （Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae）

OBJECTIVE： To systematically examine the postmarketing safety of depside salt injection made from Danshen（Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae）,identifythe potential risk factors, and ensure its clinical safety.METHODS： We examined a comprehensive series of studies on the production process, quality standards, pharmacology, population pharmacokinetics, and safety evaluation of depside salt injection made from Danshen（Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae）. Data from Ⅰ-Ⅳ clinical drug trials, hospital information systems（HIS）, and spontaneous reporting systems（SRS） were also analyzed.RESULTS： The effective components of salvianolic acid salt content reached almost 100%, and the magnesium lithospermate B content reached morethan 80%. The median lethal dose（LD50） calculated by the Bliss method was 1.49 g/kg, with 95%confidence intervals of 1.29-1.72 g/kg. Long-term tests on Beagle dogs indicated that doses of less than 80 mg/kg were safe and doses of 320 mg/kg were toxic. Adverse drug reactions（ADRs） included digestive disorders; drug-induced erythrocyte deformation in lung, liver, spleen, kidney, bone marrow, intestinal mucosa, lymph nodes, and other tissues; megakaryocytes in lung, liver, and spleen resulting from mild hemolysis; and mild hyperplasia in bone marrow hematopoietic tissue. Other studies indicated no irritative effect of the injection on local tissues and blood vessels, and no allergic reactions, erythrocyte coagulation, or hemolysis. SRS data showed that the most common ADRs were headache, head distention, dizziness, facial flushing, skin itching, thrombocytopenia, and the reversibility of elevated Aspartate transaminase. HIS data indicated no damage to renal function from using depside salt injection made from Danshen（Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae） at a dosage higher than the recommended dose.CONCLUSION： This study analyzes the clinical characteristics of ADRs from depside salt injection made from Danshen（Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae）,and discusses the factors influencing such     

Clinical Application of Sanjian（LI 3） Acupoint

Sanjian （LI 3） is one of the classical acupoint in the author＇s 40-year acupuncture-moxibustion practice. On the 3rd Academic Conference on Magnetism Medicine in 2000, the author reported ＂initial recognition of Sanjian （LI 3）＂, and got favorable comments. Now the clinical application of Sanjian （LI 3） was discussed again as follows.     

Roles of Chinese medicine bioactive ingredients in the regulation of cellular function of endothelial progenitor cells

To improve the function of endothelial progenitor cells （EPCs） is one of the goals in Chinese traditional therapy to treat various cardio-celebrovascular diseases. In the past decades, scholars in the field of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） have found fifteen active compounds to regulate the function of EPC. These metabolites are extracted from thirteen, plant-based Chinese medicine, with majority of them as potent reductive or oxidative hydrophilic molecules containing phenyl groups. These active compounds either enhance the mobilization of EPC, or inhibit their apoptosis through different signaling pathways. In this review, the molecular structure, biophysical properties, and the plant sources of these active ingredients and their regulatory effects on the function of EPC are summarized, aiming to reveal the modem basis of Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis at the progenitor cell level.     

秦玉龙辨治闭经验案1则

秦玉龙教授曾师从北京中医药大学任应秋教授,现系天津中医药大学中医各家学说教研室主任,博士生导师,从事临床30余年,擅长糖尿病、心脑血管疾病等内科杂证及妇科疾病治疗。笔者有幸在秦玉龙教授身边侍诊,受益匪浅。今录其治疗闭经案1则并探讨其临证中辨证及用药思路。     

白通汤临床应用验案3则

白通汤出自《伤寒论·辨少阴病脉证并治》,原方由葱白（四茎）、干姜（一两）、生附子（一枚,去皮破八片）3味药组成,具有补阳破阴之功效,主治少阴寒证兼阳虚下利。方中附子、干姜大辛大热,温补少阴,扶阳祛寒;葱白破阴通阳,交通阴阳。笔者师其方义,近年来用于治疗少阴阳虚所致的有关疾病,疗效颇佳,现举验案3则如下。     

Clinical research of different syndromes of hypertension treated by acupuncture

Primary hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease. Some relevant research indicates that puncturing Fengchi （GB 20） can effectively reduce the elevated blood pressure of patient with hypertension. However, is this method effective for all the patients with hypertension？ With regards to this, the author conducted a therapeutic observation in clinic, puncturing Fengchi （GB 20） according to different syndrome of patient with hypertension. Now the conclusion is as follows.     

唐祖宣应用真武汤治疗外科疾病经验

唐祖宣（1942-）,男,河南邓州人,主任医师,中华中医药学会血栓病分会副主任委员,中华全国张仲景研究会常务理事,中国中西医结合学会周围血管病专业委员会理事,中华中医药学会河南分会常务理事,河南省高级职称评审委员会委员,河南省名老中医,全国继承名老中医专家学术经验指导老师,国家级有突出贡献专家。从医50余年,临床经验丰富,推崇仲景典籍,擅用经方,在诊治周围血管病方面有独到阐发,尤其是对血栓闭塞性脉管炎（脱疽）、深静脉血栓、静脉炎的辨证和治疗。其研究成果曾获河南省科技进步一等奖1项,重大科技成果奖1项,河南省卫生厅科技进步二等奖1项,南阳地区科技进步奖6项。撰写学术论文200余篇,编著《唐祖宣医学文集》《唐祖宣医学六书》等14部著作。     

刘喜明辨治PCI术后顽固性嗳气验案1则

经方素以药少而精,力专效宏著称。刘喜明教授对经方领悟颇深,临证每以经方疗宿疾,起沉疴。笔者有幸随师门诊,并得其耳提面命,获益匪浅。现介绍刘师运用经方治疗经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术（PCI）后顽固性嗳气医案1则以飨读者。