Preoperative Embolization of a Tumor-Bearing Horseshoe Kidney Via Both Channels of a Concomitant Aortic Dissection

Renal cell carcinoma arising in a horseshoe kidney is a rare entity. Preoperative tumor embolization can be performed to prevent massive bleeding complications during organ-preserving surgery. We report the first case of a patient with a tumor-bearing horseshoe-kidney in whom the preoperative embolization, already complex because of the abnormal vascular supply, was additionally complicated by an aortic dissection. An aberrant, horseshoe-kidney-supplying artery originated from the false dissection channel of the aorta, and thus had to be catheterized separately while the other tumor-supplying vessels could be reached via the true aortic lumen. After devascularization of the tumor, organ-preserving surgery was performed without bleeding complications.     

超选择性肾动脉栓塞的临床应用

目的　研究肾动脉栓塞术在肾损伤出血及肾肿瘤术前的临床应用。方法　对 83例进行超选择性肾动脉栓塞 ,其中 5 7例为肾肿瘤 ,2 6例为肾出血 ,应用明胶海绵碎屑及金属圈 ,栓塞肿瘤血管及出血动脉。结果　肾肿瘤术中易剥离 ,出血少 ,术野清晰、术时缩短 ;肾出血 2 6例 ,除 1例肾切除外 ,其余的出血均停止。结论　肾动脉栓塞有助于肾肿瘤的手术切除。对肾损伤出血者 ,可降低手术率 ,最大限度保存肾脏     

肾动脉栓塞治疗肾脏疾病的临床评价

目的 研究肾动脉栓塞术在肾外伤出血及肾肿瘤术前病人的临床应用。方法 对106例进行超选择性肾动脉栓塞，其中72例为肾肿瘤术前栓塞，34例为肾外伤性出血，应用明胶海绵碎屑及金属圈．栓塞肿瘤血管及出血动脉。结果 肾肿瘤术中易剥离，出血少，术野清晰、缩短术时；肾出血34例，除一例肾切除外．其余栓塞后出血均停。结论 肾动脉栓塞有助于肾肿瘤的手术切除。对肾外伤出血者采用超选择性肾动脉栓塞．可降低开放手术率．最大限度保存肾脏。     

超选择性肾动脉栓塞术联合射频消融治疗肾癌的临床应用

目的 探讨超选择性肾动脉栓塞术联合射频消融(RFA)治疗肾癌的疗效.方法 分析2009年1月至2011年4月9例肾癌患者超选择性肾动脉栓塞联合RFA.患者均在超选择性肾动脉栓塞术后3～7 d,在CT引导下行RFA.术后1个月行肾脏病灶穿刺活检和CT增强检查评价其疗效.结果 9例患者随访1～6个月,未发现.肾脏肿瘤增大,...     

Combination embolization and radiofrequency ablation therapy for renal cell carcinoma in the setting of coexisting arterial disease

The present report describes two cases of T1b (>4 cm) renal cell carcinoma (RCC) treated with superselective embolization and radiofrequency ablation in the setting of renal artery stenosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm, respectively. In the first case, a solitary functioning kidney was treated with stent placement immediately before RCC embolization. In the second case, a brachial artery approach was used for RCC embolization after a failed femoral approach secondary to an abdominal aortic aneurysm. These cases illustrate the utility of combination therapy for T1b RCC and emphasize the need for interventional radiologists and interventional oncologists to possess the requisite endovascular skills to manage anatomic challenges from coexisting arterial disease when performing image-guided tumor interventions.     

超选择性肾动脉栓塞术治疗急性肾脏出血

目的:评价超选择性肾动脉栓塞术治疗急性肾脏出血的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析14例急性肾脏出血患者的临床资料,包括肾动脉创伤3例,多囊肾3例,肾动静脉畸形8例,所有病例采用COOK弹簧圈行超选择性肾动脉栓塞术进行止血治疗。随访9～14个月(平均12.5个月),观察术后疗效、并发症及复发情况。结果:所有患者均成功进行了超选择性肾动脉栓塞术,止血成功率100%,5例患者术后出现肾区疼痛或原有疼痛程度加重,3例出现术后发热,上述症状经对症治疗均于1周内消失,无严重并发症发生。所有患者随访期间无血尿复发及其它中远期并发症。结论:超选择性肾动脉栓塞术是治疗急性肾脏出血安全、有效的方法,可以达到即刻止血和保存肾脏的目的。     

经导管肾动脉栓塞的临床应用(附53例报告)

目的：对肾肿瘤及肾出血行肾动脉栓塞术的疗效及技术进行评价。方法：以明胶海绵、NT—CRE、线段、自体凝血块及无水乙醇用于栓塞肿瘤、先天性肾动静脉瘘和肾外伤出血，共53例。结果：41例术前辅助治疗的肾肿瘤在肾动脉栓塞后均成功进行了肾切除术，手术中平均输血405ml。4例晚期肾癌姑息性栓塞治疗者术后分别存活了3．5、13、17和25个月。1例先天性肾动静脉瘘和4例肾外伤出血在栓塞术后出血迅速停止，另1例先天性肾动静脉瘘出血，行超选择肾段动脉栓塞无效后又行肾切除术。结论：肾动脉栓塞术安全有效，可用于肾肿瘤的术前辅助治疗、晚期肾癌的姑息治疗及先天性肾动静脉瘘和肾外伤出血的治疗。     

超选择性肾动脉栓塞术治疗肾癌性血尿的效果观察

目的：评价超选择性肾动脉栓塞术治疗肾癌性血尿的临床效果。 方法：回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年1月内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第一附属医院介入治疗科收治的肾癌性血尿患者39例,男22例,女17例。患者经辅助检查均诊断为肾癌性血尿,均接受超选择性肾动脉栓塞术。术后第2、7、14、21天留取患者血液及尿液样本,行血常规及尿常规化验。 结果：39例患者均采用超液态碘油+明胶海绵微粒+明胶海绵颗粒栓塞,均一次栓塞成功,成功率达100%。其中,21例患者术后12 h肉眼血尿消失,18例术后24 h肉眼血尿消失。术后第2、7、14、21天,血红细胞数（RBC）、血红蛋白（Hb）、血细胞比容（HCT）水平均高于术前,尿RBC低于术前,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。39例患者行栓塞术后均出现不同程度的栓塞综合征,临床表现为恶心、呕吐、发热及腰背胀痛等症状,经对症治疗2~5 d后消失。38例术后随访3~12个月,无一例发生异位栓塞、急性肾功能衰竭、肾坏死、肾脓肿等并发症。 结论：超选择性肾动脉栓塞术治疗肾癌可以起到终止血尿的作用,且有微创、安全可靠、并发症少等优点。     

超选择肾动脉栓塞术治疗晚期肾癌(附19例分析)

目的减少肾癌根治术中出血,提高切除率及晚期肾癌患者的姑息治疗疗效。材料与方法应用明胶海绵、碘化油等栓塞材料超选择肾动脉栓塞辅助治疗19例肾癌。结果栓塞后72小时内行根治术者15例,2例栓塞术前未能切除或放弃手术而栓塞后得以切除,另外2例栓塞术后拒绝外科手术。术后30天生存率100％,1、3年生存率分别为79％、57％。本组未见并发症。结论肾动脉栓塞术治疗晚期肾癌安全有效,可用于肾癌术前的辅助治疗及肾癌晚期的姑息治疗。     

Embolotherapy for small bowel hemorrhage from metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Case report

Embolization for control of hemorrhage in the small bowel carries a significant risk of bowel infarction. A case is presented where severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage from a hypervascular renal cell carcinoma metastasis to the jejunum was effectively controlled by superselective embolization of mesenteric tumor supply arteries with Gelfoam particles. Adjacent normal mesenteric arteries remained open. It is concluded that in specific instances where direct mesenteric feeders to a tumor can be catheterized, such embolization can be performed safely.     

医源性肾出血的超选择性肾动脉栓塞治疗

目的探讨超选择肾动脉栓塞术治疗医源性肾岀血的临床应用价值,方法2003年9月-2011年2月收治17例严重血尿的医源性肾出血患者,行选择性肾动脉数字减影血管造影(DSA),采用超选择插管后用明胶海绵和弹簧圈栓塞治疗,并平均随访6个月以上。结果16例DSA清晰显示患者病侧肾对比剂外溢,均1次栓塞成功,另1例2次栓塞成功,出血均停止。17例全都保留患肾功能和大部分组织,无严重并发症,随访期间所有患各均无血尿复发。结论超选择肾动脉栓塞治疗医源性肾出血成功率高、见效快、创伤小、并发症少,能最大限度地保护正常肾组织,可作为首选治疗方法,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

Hemorrhagic renal angiomyolipoma: Superselective renal arterial embolization for preservation of renal function

A 35-year-old woman with tuberous sclerosis and known bilateral renal angiomyolipomas presented with shock due to massive hematuria arising from the left kidney. The cause of bleeding was diagnosed angiographically as arising from a left upper pole renal artery aneurysm within the tumor. Cessation of bleeding and clinical stabilization occurred without deterioration of renal function after superselective embolization of the dorsal segmental renal artery with a single 5-mm Gianturco coil.     

The Renal Impact of Aortic Stent-Grafting in Patients with a Horseshoe Kidney

Aortic stent grafting may be an alternative to surgery for patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm and coexistent horseshoe kidney but is not without difficulties. This study examines the renal consequences of aortic stent grafting in such patients. This is a retrospective review of patients with horseshoe kidney in whom aortic stent grafting was performed between December 1995 and August 2000. Follow-up occurred within the EUROSTAR protocol and included measurement of serum creatinine. Of 130 patients in whom aortic stent grafting was performed, 4 had coexistent horseshoe kidney. In all patients the aneurysm was successfully excluded with the occlusion of between one and four anomalous renal arteries. At follow-up, no clinically significant renal impairment was detected. Endovascular aneurysm repair is an attractive option for patients with a horseshoe kidney and normal preoperative creatinine levels.     

64层螺旋CT后处理技术对马蹄肾血供和合并症的诊断价值

目的:探讨64层螺旋CT后处理技术在马蹄肾血供和合并症中的诊断价值。方法:对25例马蹄肾患者先行64层CT平扫,然后行肾皮质期、实质期及排泄期增强扫描,将扫描数据经薄层重建后传至工作站,采用多平面重组(MPR)、容积再现(VR)及最大密度投影(MIP)技术进行后处理,观察马蹄肾融合的部位及其组织结构以及血供和合并症情况。结果:25例均为下极融合性马蹄肾畸形,24例峡部为肾实质组织,1例峡部为纤维结缔组织。25例患者共观察到71支肾动脉、6支副肾动脉,其中8例观察到2支肾动脉,6例观察到3支肾动脉,4例观察到4支肾动脉,1例观察到5支肾动脉,3例观察到2支肾动脉且另见1支起源于腹主动脉分叉前下壁的副肾动脉,2例观察到3支肾动脉且另见1支起源于骶正中动脉的副肾动脉,1例观察到4支肾动脉且另见1支起源于腹主动脉分叉前壁的副肾动脉。25例中11例合并肾积水,8例合并肾结石,10例合并肾囊肿,10例合并感染,1例合并肾细胞癌。18例有临床症状者均经手术证实其马蹄肾的解剖结构、血供及合并症与CT检查结果相符。结论:64层螺旋CT后处理技术能够清楚显示马蹄肾的整体形态和细微解剖结构,尤其是血供和合并症情况,为临床外科治疗提供解剖学依据,可作为本病的首选检查方法。     

血管内栓塞治疗肾脏良性血管性病变

目的探讨选择性肾动脉栓塞治疗肾脏良性血管病变的临床价值。方法收集2008年3月至2011年7月肾脏良性血管病变患者27例,其中肾损伤12例(外伤8例,医源性损伤4例),肾血管畸形10例(动静脉畸形5例,动静脉瘘3例,动脉瘤2例),肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤3例,多囊肾2例。27例中,血尿19例,腹部疼痛15例,腰部酸痛3例,低血压休克3例。术前均进行CT或MRI检查明确诊断。采用Seldinger技术穿刺行股动脉插管,先行肾动脉造影,了解病变性质、部位、范围、程度及血供情况,然后超选择插管至病变处,进行栓塞治疗。栓塞方法及栓塞剂的种类、剂量根据病变性质、造影表现及插管具体位置进行选择。术后随防1～36个月。结果 27例患者均由肾动脉参与病变供血。介入治疗后所有患者临床症状消失。随访中,除1例多囊肾患者栓塞后2个月又出现血尿外,其余患者均无相关临床症状复发,CT显示栓塞满意。结论血管内栓塞治疗肾良性血管性病变安全有效、创伤小、并发症少,并能最大程度地保护肾功能,是可靠的治疗方法。     

Superselective Transcatheter Arterial Embolization for Large Unruptured Renal Angiomyolipoma in Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

Purpose

To retrospectively evaluate therapeutic performance and complications of superselective transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for unruptured renal angiomyolipoma (AML) in patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) and to investigate the correlation between percentage reduction in tumor volume and intratumoral fat content.

肾动脉化疗栓塞结合免疫治疗巨大肾癌21例

目的 探讨巨大.肾癌动脉灌注化疗联合栓塞免疫治疗的疗效.方法 1992年4月-2006年4月,对巨大肾癌行动脉灌注栓塞术,灌注用抗癌药物为卡铂300 mg,丝裂霉素20 mg,环磷酰胺800 mg;用无水乙醇、5%油酸钠、40%碘油加明胶海绵颗粒施行肾动脉栓塞;白细胞介素-2辅助治疗.结果 21例均成功施行动脉灌注术.其中15例栓塞术后1～8周行手术切除,术中见肿瘤血供不足,病理见肿瘤细胞大片坏死,周边有不同程度的淋巴细胞浸润及纤维增生,肿瘤毛细血管栓塞.1、2、3年生存率分别为80.0%(12/15)、53.3%(8/15)、40.0%(6/15).结论 肾动脉灌注化疗联合栓塞与免疫治疗巨癌,临床疗效较好.     

微导管联合微钢圈栓塞治疗经皮肾镜取石术后难止性肾出血

目的:探讨经微导管置放微钢圈栓塞治疗经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)后难止性肾出血的方法和效果。方法:回顾性分析2006～2011年接受PCNL治疗后难止性肾出血13例,采用股动脉插管,行肾动脉造影明确出血动脉后,以微导管行超选择性出血动脉内释放微钢圈栓塞治疗。结果:13例患者栓塞后48 h内肉眼血尿消失,所有病例随访6～12个月肾出血无复发,尿素氮、血肌酐正常,无治疗并发症。结论:肾动脉造影和经微导管超选择性出血动脉内释放微钢圈栓塞治疗PCNL术后难止性出血,创伤小、见效快,可最大限度保护肾功能,应作为首选治疗方法。     

Acute Small Bowel Hemorrhage in Three Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease: Diagnosis and Management by Angiographic Intervention

Three patients who had undergone hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease, presented with acute small bowel hemorrhage, and were treated with superselective transcatheter arterial embolization via coaxial microcatheters. In all patients pre-procedure upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy and colonoscopy had failed to demonstrate the source of the hemorrhage. Selective diagnostic angiography revealed frank extravasations of contrast from the small bowel arteries (one jejunal artery and two ileal arteries). After superselection of feeding arteries with a microcatheter, transcatheter embolization using Gelfoam and microcoils was performed in all three patients. Immediate hemostasis was achieved in all patients and the patients were discharged free from symptoms 3-5 days after embolization. No evidence of intestinal ischemia or infarction was noted, with the time from procedure to last follow-up ranging from 4 to 12 months. We conclude that superselective angiography is a valuable tool for diagnosing and treating acute small bowel hemorrhage in patients with end-stage renal disease when endoscopic evaluation has failed.     

选择性颈外动脉分支栓塞术在口腔深部肿瘤切除术前的应用

目的　探讨口腔深部肿瘤术前介入治疗方法及并发症。方法　采用Seldinger’s法 ,以明胶海绵为栓塞材料 ,对 18例口腔深部肿瘤患者进行手术前肿瘤供血动脉选择性栓塞术。结果　 18例患者在栓塞术后手术切除过程中出血明显减少 ,肿瘤切除率提高 ,并发症率降低。结论　选择性颈外动脉分支术前栓塞术操作简便 ,效果可靠 ,使口腔深部肿瘤手术切除更为安全