顺行溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓35例临床分析

目的:探讨顺行静脉溶栓治疗深静脉血栓形成的临床疗效。方法:对35例(43条肢体)深静脉血栓形成患者,按照下肢深静脉顺行造影的原理,选择患者的足背浅静脉将50万IU尿激酶(UK)加压快速静脉推注,随后按50万IU/12h静脉滴入,持续3d,改为25万IU静注,静脉滴入不变,7d为1疗程;治疗期间皮下注射低分子肝素,1次/12h。结果:所有患者临床症状及体征均有改善,肢体周径膝上15cm处缩小6.0±1.73cm,膝下l0cm处缩小4.5±1.30cm,治疗后较治疗前有极显着性差异(P<0.01),经患肢静脉顺行造影,近期再通率达79.1%。结论:顺行静脉溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成方法简便、安全有效。     

顺行静脉溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成85例临床观察

目的 :探索顺行静脉溶栓治疗深静脉血栓形成的临床疗效。方法 :对 85例 ( 87条肢体 )深静脉血栓形成患者 ,按照下肢深静脉顺行造影的原理 ,选择患者的足背浅静脉将5 0万 U尿激酶 ( UK)加压快速静脉推注 ,随后按 5万 U/1 2 h静脉滴入 ,持续 3d,改为 2 5万U静注 ,静脉滴入不变 ,7d为 1疗程 ;治疗期间皮下注射低分子肝素 ,每日 1次。结果 :所有患者临床症状及体征均有改善 ,肢体周径膝上 1 5 cm处缩小 6.0± 1 .73cm,膝下 1 0 cm处缩小 4.5± 1 .30 cm,有显著性差异 ( P≤ 0 .0 1 ) ,经患肢静脉顺行造影 ,近期再通率达 80 .2 %。结论 :顺行静脉溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成方法简便、有效     

小剂量尿激酶联合低分子肝素治疗老年人急性下肢深静脉血栓疗效分析

目的:探讨小剂量尿激酶联合应用低分子肝素保守治疗下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的临床疗效.方法:选择老年DVT患者18例,均采用小剂量尿激酶静脉滴注,同时联合低分了肝素皮下注射治疗,并于治疗2周后观察患胺肿胀、疼痛、浅静脉怒张、皮湿等情况及多普勒彩超检查下肢血管通畅情况.结果:治疗后患肢大小腿平均周径较治疗前明显缩小,大小腿患、健肢周径差治疗后较治疗前分别缩小(4.1±0.6)cm,(2.5±1.1)cm (P＜0.01),总有效率为83.3%.治疗过程中均朱出现皮肤、粘膜及重要脏器出血.结论:小剂量尿激酶配合低分子肝素治疗老年DVT效果优,安全性高,值得临床推广.     

尿激酶治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成42例

对42例下肢深静脉血栓形成患者(左侧33例,右侧9例),从患肢静脉推注尿激酶50～100万U,再滴注尿激酶50万U,疗程7～14d,进行溶栓治疗。治疗后,患肢大小腿平均周径较治疗前明显缩小,大小腿患、健肢周径差治疗后较治疗前分别缩小2.0±0.8cm,4.2±2.0cm(P<0.01)。治疗过程中,1例出现皮肤瘀紫和肉眼血尿,其余均未出现严重并发症。     

大剂量尿激酶超早期静脉溶栓治疗脑梗死的临床研究

目的　探讨大剂量尿激酶超早期静脉溶栓治疗脑梗死的临床疗效及安全性。方法　对31例发病 6h内动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死患者一次性应用 1 5万U/kg尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗 ,观察溶栓后 3h及 2 1d时神经功能缺损积分减少程度、治愈率、显效率、总有效率 ,并与普通治疗进行比较 ;还对治疗 2 1d时脑梗死体积进行比较。结果　溶栓后 3h神经功能缺损积分 1 4 2 %± 2 1 %较溶栓前2 6 5 %± 9 1 %明显减少 ,两者比较差异有显著意义 (t =4 6 6 9,P <0 0 5 ) ;治愈率、显效率分别达2 2 5 8% (7/ 31 )和 6 7 74% (2 1 / 31 ) ;溶栓后 2 1d神经功能缺损积分减少程度、治愈率、显效率、总有效率均明显高于普通治疗组 (分别为 :由 2 6 5 %± 9 1 %降至 8 8%± 2 8%和由 2 6 4 %± 8 1 %降至 1 6 3%± 4 1 % ,t=2 4 1 7;5 1 6 1 %和 1 5 38% ,χ2 =5 0 37;70 97%和 42 30 % ,χ2 =4 76 5 ;87 0 9%和 6 5 38% ,χ2 =3 886 ;P均 <0 0 5 )。脑梗死体积明显小于普通治疗组分别为 3 7cm3 ± 3 0cm3 和 5 3cm3 ± 3 1cm3 ,(t=2 1 6 5 ,P <0 0 5 )。结论　 1 5万U/kg尿激酶超早期静脉溶栓治疗动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死临床疗效好 ,并发症少 ,且能明显缩小脑梗死体积。     

尿激酶溶栓联合球囊成形术治疗下肢深静脉血栓疗效观察

目的 探讨尿激酶溶栓联合球囊成形术治疗下肢深静脉血栓(LEDVT)的临床疗效.方法 选择2013年6月至2015年12月期间我院心血管内科收治的38例LEDVT患者为研究对象,根据随机数表法随机分为观察组(n=19)和对照组(n=19),对照组患者给予低分子肝素+华法林抗凝治疗,观察组患者则在此基础上应用尿激酶溶栓联合球囊成形术治疗,出院时比较两组患者的临床疗效及出血并发症发生率.结果 出院时观察组患者的膝上及膝下健患侧周径差分别为(1.18±0.46)cm和(0.75±0.14)cm,明显小于对照组的(1.74±0.52)cm和(0.98±0.28)cm,且观察组静脉通畅改善率为(47.31±16.47)%,大于对照组的(19.67±4.25)%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者随访期间血栓后综合征(PTS)发生率为5.26%,明显低于对照组的26.32%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者的出血并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 在抗凝治疗的基础上应用尿激酶溶栓联合球囊成形术治疗下肢深静脉血栓具有确切的疗效和较好的安全性,且可显著降低PTS的发生率.     

中等剂量尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死50例临床观察

目的观察中等剂量尿激酶(UK)静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及安全性。方法治疗组急性脑梗死患者50例予UK1.5×104/kg,加入生理盐水100ml中30min内静滴,2h后给予普通肝素钠维持静点24h,根据凝血时间调整滴速,1d后给予低分子肝素及活血对症治疗,对照组只给予低分子肝素及活血对症治疗,用药后1d、7d、14d各判定疗效1次。结果50例患者经UK静脉溶栓治疗,用药后7d和14d神经功能缺损积分较对照组明显减少,有明显统计学意义。结论中等剂量UK静脉溶栓治疗急性脑梗死效果稳定、安全可靠、值得推广。     

2型糖尿病急性心肌梗死患者58例静脉溶栓治疗分析

目的: 探讨影响静脉溶栓治疗2型糖尿病急性心肌梗死患者效果的因素。方法: 对发病至入院时间< 6 h的58例2型糖尿病急性心肌梗死患者,观察溶栓治疗距发病时间、入院时随机血糖水平、溶栓剂尿激酶用量因素对溶栓效果的影响。结果: 溶栓后冠状动脉再通者入院时接受静脉溶栓治疗距发病时间为(2.5±0.8) h,血糖水平(9.2±2.7) mmol/L,而未通者入院时接受静脉溶栓治疗距发病时间(4.8±1.1) h,血糖(13.5±4.4) mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05~P < 0.01);而与尿激酶用量无关系。结论: 2型糖尿病急性心肌梗死患者症状常不典型,易延误就诊时间,并且机体处于高凝状态,心肌对缺血、缺氧敏感性较高,均是影响溶栓治疗效果的重要因素。     

联合用药治疗腹部外科术后DVT疗效观察

目的探讨尿激酶联合低分子肝素治疗腹部外科术后下肢深静脉血栓（DVT）的临床疗效。方法选取2005年3月～2010年3月我科腹部外科术后发生DVT患者42例,随机分为低分子肝素联合尿激酶组（观察组）22例和单纯低分子肝素组（对照组）20例,比较两组临床疗效。结果治疗14d后观察组患肢周经缩小明显大于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;对照组和观察组总有效率分别为55．00％和86．36％,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论低分子肝素联用尿激酶是治疗DVT的一种安全有效的方法,疗效优于单纯低分子肝素治疗,且与单用低分子肝素治疗安全性无差异。     

老年全膝关节置换术72例低分子肝素配伍巴曲亭抗凝效果观察

目的:探讨老年重度膝关节骨性关节炎人工全膝关节置换术应用低分子肝素抗凝中加用巴曲亭的临床效果。方法:选择在我院进行人工全膝关节置换术治疗的137例重度膝关节骨性关节炎患者,随机分为治疗组(72例)和对照组(65例)。两组患者均在手术前预防性使用低分子肝素,治疗组在此基础上注射巴曲亭,对照组给予相同剂量的安慰剂。观察比较两组患者术中、术后引流量,凝血水平,下肢静脉血流情况。结果:治疗组患者术中、术后引流量平均为432.45±112.20ml,212.47±75.33ml,对照组患者术中、术后引流量平均为635.72±99.53ml,275.61±107.40ml,两组患者术中、术后引流量相比有显著性差异(P<0.05);术前、术毕及术后24h凝血水平:治疗组PT分别为11.14±0.75s,11.35±0.68s,11.27±0.82s;APTT分别为29.37±3.68s,30.57±4.42s,30.18±3.70s;Fbg分别为3.26±0.67g/L,3.29±0.74g/L,3.05±0.61g/L。对照组PT分别为11.14±0.75s,11.33±0.79s,11.54±0.72s;APTT分别为30.08±4.16s,30.47±4.55s,29.79±3.65s;Fbg分别为3.25±0.62g/L,3.14±0.73g/L,3.12±0.77g/L,两组患者术前、术毕及术后24h凝血水平相比无显著性差异(P>0.05);术后5d下肢深静脉彩色多普勒超声检查示:观察组有2例发生下肢深静脉血栓,对照组发生1例下肢深静脉血栓,其余患者的下肢深静脉回流速度和回流血量:治疗组术前、术后分别为6.38±2.19cm/s,3.77±2.12ml/s,6.09±1.87cm/s,3.56±1.58ml/s。对照组术前、术后分别为6.28±2.10cm/s,3.82±1.97ml/s,6.10±1.89cm/s,3.56±1.56ml/s。两组下肢深静脉回流速度和回流血量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:术前应用巴曲亭能够明显减少应用低分子肝素抗凝的全膝关节置换术患者的出血量,且不会增加下肢静脉血栓的发生率。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.