CT引导下射频治疗转移性骨肿瘤的临床应用

目的 探讨CT引导下射频消融(RFA)治疗转移性骨肿瘤的疗效.方法 对20例恶性肿瘤骨转移患者静脉麻醉下行CT引导下RFA治疗骨肿瘤,采用简明疼痛调查表(BPI)观察术后24 h,3、6个月疼痛评分.结果 全组20例治疗后随访6个月全部存活,术前20例患者平均每日最强疼痛评分为8.1分(范围6～10).RFA术后24 h,1、3和6个月治疗后平均最强疼痛评分分别减低为6.1、4.6、3.3和3.0分(P<0.001).治疗前每日平均疼痛评分为6.3分,RFA术后24 h,1、3和6个月平均疼痛评分分别减低为4.0、2.3、2.1和1.9分(P<0.01).RFA术后所有患者KPS积分都有所提高,随访患者骨肿瘤CT值有下降.所有患者术中及术后随访未出现明显的并发症.1例椎板破坏患者RFA术后有下部肢体感觉减退,给予泼尼松注射后,48 h内下部肢体感觉恢复.结论 CT引导下RFA治疗骨肿瘤,近期疗效确切,具有良好的止痛效果,是一种新颖、安全、有效、并发症少的微创治疗方法.     

CT引导经皮穿刺微波消融治疗原发性肝癌的护理

目的：总结CT引导经皮穿刺微波消融(MWA)治疗原发性肝癌的护理要点。方法对77例原发性肝癌患者行CT引导经皮穿刺MWA治疗,应用优质护理方法实施围手术期护理,并对围手术期患者出现的不良反应进行分析、总结。结果77例接受CT引导经皮穿刺MWA治疗的患者均顺利完成手术治疗,术后出现不同程度疼痛29例,肝功能损害6例,气胸1例。所有患者经过积极的治疗和护理后,病情均得到有效控制,本组未出现围手术期死亡案例。结论充分的术前准备、密切的术中配合以及术后有效的治疗和护理有利于病情恢复,对有效预防和减少并发症的发生,提高患者生存质量均有重要意义。     

CT引导下经皮射频消融治疗肾上腺转移性肿瘤的初步疗效

目的 探讨CT引导下经皮射频消融(RFA)治疗肾上腺转移癌的近期疗效、安全性和不良反应.方法 肾上腺转移癌患者共19例,病灶总数24个,肿瘤直径为1.5-7.8 cm,平均直径3.5 cm.19例患者原发灶来源于肺癌6例,肝癌5例,肾癌5例,结肠癌3例.经RFA治疗3个月后行CT增强扫描评价肿瘤治疗效果.结果 上述24个病灶经消融治疗后,CT增强扫描显示20个肿瘤完全消融;其余4个病灶在治疗后仍有部分残留组织强化区,提示有残留肿瘤,未完全消融.5例患者出现血压波动,6例患者术后出现轻微疼痛,2例患者在术后出现一过性血尿.其余患者无严重并发症.结论 CT引导下RFA治疗肾上腺转移癌是一种安全、有效、并发症少的微创治疗方法.     

CT引导下射频消融治疗肺部恶性肿瘤的临床应用

目的 探讨CT引导下射频消融(RFA)治疗肺恶性肿瘤的疗效、不良反应和安全性.方法 对21例肺恶性肿瘤患者的31个瘤体进行CT引导下RFA治疗,对其中14个瘤体进行2次以上重复消融.术前常规CT引导下经皮穿刺活检或支气管镜检查获取病理学诊断,10例为非小细胞肺癌,其中鳞癌5例,腺癌4例,未分化癌1例,转移性肺癌11例.瘤体直径<5 cm的肿瘤25个(15例),5～8 cm的肿瘤6个(6例).所有患者术后3、6个月后行增强CT检查评价肿瘤疗效.结果 31个肿瘤均顺利完成RFA治疗.肿瘤疗效评估显示:CR 5个,PR 17个,NC 5个,PD 4个,总有效率(CR+PR)为71.0%.术中并发少量气胸8例,液气胸1例.13例术后见暗红色痰,6例术后疼痛,13例术后轻度发热.全部患者未出现其他严重并发症.平均住院时问为5-7 d.结论 CT引导下经皮穿刺RFA治疗肺部恶性肿瘤,近期疗效确切,是一种安全、有效、并发症较少的微创治疗方法.     

CT引导下经皮射频消融治疗较大原发性肝癌的临床应用

目的 探讨CT引导下经皮射频消融(RFA)治疗较大原发性肝癌的疗效.方法 对27例TACE治疗效果欠佳的较大原发性肝癌患者行CT引导下经皮RFA治疗,肿瘤大小5.4-11.0 cm,平均6.2 cm.单发病灶23例,2个病灶4例,共31个病灶.AFP阳性22例.术后通过增强CT及AFP检测评价疗效,所有病例随访2～20个月.结果 射频治疗后1个月随访显示,31个肿瘤中14个(45.2%)肿瘤完全坏死,内部及边缘无明显强化;17个肿瘤部分坏死.22例AFP阳性患者,AFP明显降低15例(68.2%),不变3例(13.6%),升高4例(18.2%).并发症中3例出现表皮烫伤,1例顽固性呃逆,1例肝内出血,1例肝脓肿,1例术后出现严重低蛋白血症,术后2个月死亡.患者中位生存期为9.8个月,1年累计生存率29%.结论 对于不可切除的较大原发性肝癌,RFA是较有效的局部介入治疗方法,合理应用RFA治疗,可提高患者生活质量并延长患者的生存时间.     

经皮射频消融治疗膈下肝癌

目的评价CT引导下冷循环射频消融治疗膈下肝癌的可行性和疗效。方法20例肝癌患者共25个膈下病灶在CT引导下行冷循环射频消融治疗,术后复查增强CT或增强MR,观察病灶坏死情况。结果18个病灶完全坏死,病灶完全坏死率72%,其余7个病灶大部分坏死,无严重并发症。结论CT引导下冷循环射频消融术治疗膈下肝癌安全、有效。     

CT引导下经皮穿刺射频热凝治疗肺癌

射频电热治疗仪可直接使组织凝固坏死 ,近年来逐渐应用于治疗实体瘤[1,2 ] 。ＣＴ引导下电脑控制多弹头射频治疗肺癌已在国内外推广。我院1999年 12月至 2 0 0 0年 12月完成 4 4例 ,现报道如下。材料与方法一、一般资料4 4例均为本院住院患者 ,男 34例 ,女 10例。年龄 5 3～ 87     

肝动脉化疗栓塞术联合CT引导下射频消融治疗大肝癌的疗效和安全性

 目的 评价肝动脉化疗栓塞术(transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, TACE)联合CT引导下经皮穿刺射频消融治疗大肝癌的疗效及安全性。方法 回顾性分析52例经穿刺病理或影像学诊断的大肝癌患者临床资料,患者均先行1次TACE术,术后2周复查增强CT,对碘油沉积欠缺的区域在CT导向下进行射频消融治疗,术后复查甲胎蛋白(AFP)、增强MRI或CT评价肿瘤体积缩小及坏死情况,随访时间为12个月。结果 52例 (56个病灶)手术均获得成功。TACE术前病灶最大径为(12.7±2.7)cm,射频术后1个月病灶最大径为(6.1±1.9)cm,肿瘤大小较术前均有不同程度缩小(t=14.416,P<0.05)。TACE术前AFP值为(4156±689)ng/ml,射频术后1个月为(256±178)ng/ml,AFP值明显下降(t=39.485,P<0.05)。其中完全消融(CR)26例,大部分消融(PR)21例,稳定(SD)4例,进展(PD)1例,总体有效率为90.4%,12个月生存率为92.3%。结论 TACE联合CT导向下射频消融治疗大肝癌是一种安全、有效、微创的治疗方法。     

肺肿瘤CT引导下经皮射频消融后的影像评估进展

近年来,CT引导下经皮射频消融术在无法手术切除或转移性肺肿瘤的治疗中备受推崇。但因术后病理改变的复杂性,不同影像检查的表现既存在重叠,又存有差异,使得评估充满挑战。就不同影像方法(CT、PET/CT、MRI)对肺肿瘤病人术后不同时期的评估进展予以综述,以期更好地指导临床。     

CT引导下射频消融治疗肝癌14例的护理

肝癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤,目前,每年新发病人超过34万,是我国仅次于肺癌,死亡率居第二位的恶性肿瘤。CT引导下经皮射频消融（percutaneous radiofrequency ablation,PRFA）是一种微创治疗肝癌的新方法,将射频电极针直接插入肿瘤内,射频发生器产生的高频射频波通过插入肿瘤组织中的电极针发出射频电流,再经辅助电极形成回路,通过周围组织中的正负离子高速振荡,     

CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of spleen: a preliminary study

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to evaluate the technical feasibility, safety, and changes of platelet counts of CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of normal spleen in a porcine model. CONCLUSION: It is feasible and safe to perform CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of the spleen in a pig. Although further study is still required in clinical applications, this method can be a minimally invasive and effective therapeutic technique in patients with hypersplenism.     

CT导向下经皮射频消融术治疗肾上腺恶性肿瘤

目的对29例肾上腺肿瘤患者行射频消融（RFA）治疗，研究其近期局部治疗效果、不良反应和副作用。方法肾上腺肿瘤患者共29例，病灶总数31个，其中直径≤2．0cm的病灶共5个，2．1-4．0cm者18个，4．1-6．0cm者5个，≥6．1cm者3个，经RFA治疗1个月后行螺旋CT双期增强扫描评价肿瘤治疗效果。结果上述病灶经消融治疗后达到完全坏死者分别为5个、18个、3个、2个。患者无严重并发症出现。结论RFA治疗安全可靠，副作用小，是治疗肾上腺恶性肿瘤的有效方法之一。     

Osteoid osteoma: CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and follow-up in 47 patients

PURPOSE: To evaluate computed tomography (CT)-guided radiofrequency (RF) ablation as a minimally invasive therapy for osteoid osteoma with regard to technical and clinical success and immediate and delayed complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-seven patients (age range, 8-41 y; mean age, 19.6 y) with osteoid osteomas (femur, n = 25; tibia, n = 15; pelvis, n = 2; humerus, n = 1; ulna, n = 1; talus, n = 1; calcaneus, n = 1; vertebral body, n = 1) were treated with CT-guided RF ablation in 15 cases after one (n = 10) or two (n = 5) unsuccessful attempts at open surgical resection. Percutaneous therapy was performed with use of general or spinal anesthesia. After localization of the nidus with 1-3-mm CT sections, osseous access was established with either a 2-mm coaxial drill system or an 11-gauge Jamshidi needle. RF ablation was performed at 90 degrees C for a period of 4-5 minutes with use of a rigid RF electrode with a diameter of 1 mm. The procedures were regarded as technically successful if the tip of the RF electrode could be placed within the center of the nidus and could be heated to the desired temperature. Clinical success of treatment was defined as permanent relief of pain and return to normal function without additional treatment. In case of persistence or recurrence of symptoms after RF ablation, treatment was regarded as secondarily successful if permanent relief of symptoms could be achieved in a second procedure. RESULTS: All procedures were technically successful. Clinical success was achieved in 94% of patients (44 of 47). Three patients had recurrence of pain 3, 5, and 7 months after treatment, respectively (mean observation interval, 22 mo). All recurrences were treated successfully in a second procedure (secondary success rate, 100%). No immediate or delayed complications were observed. CONCLUSION: CT-guided percutaneous RF ablation is a simple, minimally invasive, safe and highly effective technique for treatment of osteoid osteoma.     

CT-guided radiofrequency ablation of a bronchogenic carcinoma

We report on the successful use of percutaneous CT-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of a peripheral bronchogenic carcinoma in a 73-year-old patient. RFA was the favoured treatment option in this patient, who owing to comorbid factors was not a candidate for surgery. A 15 G LeVeen Needle Electrode (RadioTherapeutics, Sunnyvale, USA) with an array diameter of 3.0 cm was connected to a 200 Watt Generator (RF 3000, RadioTherapeutics, Sunnyvale, USA) and inserted into a 3.5 cm squamous cell carcinoma of the axillary subsegment of the right upper lobe. RFA resulted in complete tumour necrosis confirmed by histopathological examination. No complications such as a pneumothorax or bleeding occurred. Further clinical experience and prospective studies are necessary to determine the long-term efficacy of RFA in the treatment of lung tumours.