干扰素抑制晶体上皮细胞生长的实验研究

研究α－干扰素和γ－干扰素对体外培养的免晶体上皮细胞生长的抑制作用有效药物浓度。方法取第２、３代传培养的晶体上皮细胞做药物抑制试验。     

低浓度地塞米松对兔角膜上皮细胞的影响

目的: 探讨地塞米松(dexam ethasone,D EX)对培养的兔角膜上皮细胞和角膜上皮伤口愈合的影响。方法: 体外实验原代培养兔角膜上皮细胞, 用四唑盐(M TT)实验和流式细胞仪检测不同浓度 D EX 对兔角膜上皮细胞的作用, 同时通过 H E 、免疫组织化学染色和扫描电镜及临床观察兔角膜上皮细胞刮除后 0.1g/L D EX 用药组和对照组伤口愈合的情况。结果: M TT 检测显示小于 0.1g/L 浓度的 D EX 对兔角膜上皮细胞的生长无明显影响。流式细胞仪检测到 0.1g/L 浓度的 D EX 对兔角膜细胞生长周期无抑制作用。动物实验: 0.1g/L 地塞米松作用后上皮愈合时间显著性缩短, 两组中新生成的上皮细胞均有较强的 PC N A 蛋白的表达。0.1g/L 地塞米松组与对照组相比, 电子显微镜检查角膜基质排列更规则, 炎症反应较轻。结论: 低于 0.1g/L 浓度的地塞米松对培养的兔角膜上皮细胞的生长无抑制作用。0.1g/L 浓度的地塞米松眼液能有效的促进角膜上皮生长并降低炎症反应, 将有利于准分子激光角膜屈光手术后早期角膜伤口愈合。     

甘糖酯体外对兔晶状体上皮细胞增殖的抑制作用(英文)

目的:观察甘糖酯(propylene glycol mannate sulfate,PGMS)对囊袋培养的兔晶状体上皮细胞(RLEC)增殖、移行的抑制作用。方法:新鲜处死的兔眼,模拟白内障囊外摘除术,体外环形撕囊,水核分离,去除核与皮质,游离晶状体囊袋并固定,建立RLEC体外培养的囊袋模型。实验组分别用0.2,0.4,0.8g/L的PGMS浸泡晶状体囊袋,作用时间分别为2,5,10min,同时设空白对照组。上述处理后,囊袋标本置含50mL/L胎牛血清的DMEM营养液中培养。7d后观察RLEC增殖、移行情况并行组织病理学、电镜检查。结果:实验组随着PGMS浓度的增加和作用时间的延长,细胞增殖、移行的速度明显减慢,其中浓度为0.8g/L,作用时间5min和10min两组,显著抑制RLEC生长(P<0.05)。对照组后囊上RLEC增殖、移行速度较快,培养7d后所有标本后囊细胞覆盖率达100%。电镜下对照组细胞结构完整;0.4g/L及0.8g/L实验组细胞退变明显。结论:甘糖酯能有效抑制体外培养的RLEC的增殖和移行。     

组织纤溶酶原激活剂、肝素对晶体后囊膜混浊抑制作用的实验对比研究

目的 观察tPA(组织纤溶酶原激活剂)、肝素对兔眼PC-IOL(后房型人工晶体)植入术后晶体后囊膜混浊的抑制作用。方法 48只新西兰大白兔分为三组(对照组、tPA组和肝素组),常规晶体囊外摘除及PC-IOL植入,术中分别应用0.2ml(tPA25ug)和肝素100U/ml灌注液,于术后1、3天和1、3月分别取后囊膜行纤维蛋白和后囊膜增厚程度检测。结果 tPA、肝素对后囊膜上的纤维蛋白反应在术后1、3天均有抑制作用,二组的后囊增厚程度在术后1月时均较对照组为轻。结论 tPA、肝素对术后早期后囊膜混浊有一定的抑制作用。     

晶体囊袋内应用丝裂霉素防治兔后发性白内障的实验研究

目的：探索晶体囊代内灌注丝裂霉素对兔晶体上皮细胞的抑制作用及对兔眼的毒性作用。方法：在兔晶状体超声乳化吸出术中,用0．2ml不同浓度的丝裂霉素（Mitomycin C,MMC)(0.1mg/ml、0.2mg/ml、0.4mg/ml）在晶体囊代内进行水分离,使其直接短暂作用于晶体上皮细胞。术后随访2个月,观察比较用药组和对照组兔晶体后囊混浊、眼内压的变化等;并观察术后组织病理学和超微结构的变化。结果：临床观察显示,术后2周只有对照眼出现后囊膜混浊（posterior capsule opacification,PCO)。术后4周用药组眼的PCO明显比对照组眼轻,且随药物浓度增高而减轻。中、低浓度组兔眼的术后炎症反应与对照组眼比较无明显差异。高浓度组兔眼术后早期出现轻微的毒性反应。组织,病理学检查表明,对照组的晶体上皮增生较用药组明显。MMC可引起晶体上皮细胞变性,其变化程度与药物浓度有关。高浓度眼睫状体有炎症细胞浸润及少量出血。结论：MMC有效地抑制晶体上皮细胞的增殖,其作用强度与药物的浓度相关。兔晶体囊贷内应用0．1－0．2mg/ml的药物浓度是防治后发性白内障安全有效的药物。     

MTT比色法测定药物对晶体上皮细胞增殖的影响

目的筛选防治后囊混浊的药物。方法进行人胚胎晶体上皮细胞（ｌｅｎｓｅｐｉｔｈｅｌｉａｌｃｅｌｓ，ＬＥＣ）的培养并用ＭＴＴ比色法检测了肝素、氟脲嘧啶、双氯灭痛、顺铂对人胚胎晶体上皮细胞增殖的影响。结果肝素１００～２５００Ｕ／ｍｌ，氟脲嘧啶０．１～１００μｇ／ｍｌ，顺铂１０～５００μｇ／ｍｌ作用２４ｈ和７２ｈ对胚胎晶体上皮细胞增殖有明显抑制作用（Ｐ＜０．０５）。作用７２ｈ抑制率高于２４ｈ（Ｐ＜０．０５）。双氯灭痛和对照组相比无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论肝素、氟脲嘧啶、顺铂均为剂量依赖型和时间依赖型药物，均能有效抑制晶体上皮细胞的生长；双氯灭痛对晶体上皮细胞增殖无明显抑制作用。     

γ干扰素对兔晶状体上皮细胞增殖细胞核抗原表达的影响

目的 :探讨γ干扰素 (interferon γ ,IFN γ)对兔晶状体上皮细胞增殖细胞核抗原 (proliferatingcellnuclearcntigen ,PCNA)表达的影响。方法 :采用新西兰白兔白内障囊外摘除模型 ,术中囊袋内灌注BSS为A组即对照组。B、C组为治疗组 ,分别灌注 10 3 IU/mlIFN γ和 10 4IU/mlIFN γ。术后 3个月运用免疫组化法和计算机图象分析技术检测晶状体上皮细胞PCNA表达。结果 :γ干扰素组PCNA阳性表达少 ,与对照组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ,高浓度抑制作用强。结论 :IFN γ有抑制兔晶状体上皮细胞PCNA表达的作用 ,IFN γ对PCNA表达的抑制作用具有浓度依赖性     

巨噬细胞对体外培养兔晶状体上皮细胞增殖的影响

目的探讨白内障术后后囊混浊的发病机制。方法观察巨噬细胞对兔晶状体上皮细胞（rabbitlensepithelialcells，RLEC）增生的影响。结果实验组加有巨噬细胞，BLEC增殖活跃。巨噬细胞上清液48及72小时能明显促进BLEC的生长。结论巨噬细胞促进晶体上皮细胞的增生，可能是引起白内障术后后囊混浊的原因之一。     

双氯芬酸钠对角膜上皮细胞抑制作用的实验研究

目的探讨双氯芬酸钠对角膜上皮细胞体外增殖的抑制作用并初步探讨其机理.方法选用原代及传代兔角膜上皮细胞,实验组中加入含不同浓度双氯芬酸钠的培养液,对照组加入等量空白培养液,采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(methyl thiazolyl thiazolium,MTT)比色法检测其对细胞增殖的抑制,光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜进行形态学观察.结果双氯芬酸钠浓度为27.27μg/ml～54.55 μg/ml时,作用24、48、72 h均明显抑制角膜上皮细胞的增殖(P＜0.01),并具有剂量依赖性.结论双氯芬酸钠对角膜上皮细胞的增殖具有明显抑制作用,呈现剂量-效应关系.双氯芬酸钠可能是通过诱导凋亡而发挥其抗增殖作用.     

柔红霉素预防后囊膜混浊的研究

目的研究体外细胞培养中柔红霉素对各类晶体上皮细胞增殖的抑制作用及有效浓度,为后囊膜混浊的药物预防提供新线索。方法传代培养的牛、兔、人晶体上皮细胞经０．５、２．５、５．０、７．５、１０．０μｇ／ｍｌ柔红霉素３７℃孵育１０分钟后,观察细胞生长情况;用药后４８小时,采用Ｇｉｅｍｓａ染色－比色法检测细胞吸光值,并分别求得柔红霉素对三种晶体上皮细胞的半数抑制浓度（ＬＤ５０）。结果柔红霉素对体外培养牛、兔、人晶体上皮细胞的增殖均有显著抑制作用,呈浓度依赖性改变。对于人晶体上皮细胞,０．５μｇ／ｍｌ柔红霉素已有显著抑制效应,７．５μｇ／ｍｌ基本发挥最大作用。牛、兔、人晶体上皮细胞的ＬＤ５０值分别为０．４９、４．３０和４．０６μｇ／ｍｌ。结论柔红霉素低浓度短时间作用能有效抑制体外培养晶体上皮细胞的增殖,通过进一步在体研究,可能成为预防后囊膜混浊的理想药物。     

Inhibitory effect of propylene glycol mannate sulfate on growth of rabbit lens epithelial cells in vitro

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of rabbit lens epithelial cell (RLEC) survival and growth by propylene glycol mannate sulfate (PGMS) on the rabbit capsular bag in vitro. · METHODS: Capsular bags were prepared from rabbit eyes after extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and incubated in 0.2, 0.4, 0.8g/L PGMS in 2, 5, 10 minutes incubation periods. After treatment, the capsular bags were cultured for 7 days in Dulbecco minimum essential medium (DMEM) supplemented with 50mL/L fetal calf serum (FCS). The specimens were examined with light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Capsular bags without receiving PGMS only served as controls. · RESULTS: PGMS inhibited the proliferation of RLEC in the manner of concentration and time dependent. At the threshold protocol of incubation in PGMS at 0.8g/L for 5 or 10 minutes, proliferative activity of cells were largely arrested and nearly no RLEC was seen on the posterior capsule (P < 0.05). Control group had no effect on structure and proliferative activity of RLEC, and the growth proceeded rapidly so that the posterior capsule were totally covered by a confluent monolayer of cell by the end of 7 days. Under TEM, the cells in the control group were tightly arrayed with clearly defined cellular boundary and structure; while cellular deformity and undefined intracellular structure could be seen in the 0.4g/L and 0.8g/L experimental groups. · CONCLUSION: PGMS can effectively inhibit the proliferation of RLEC.     

Effect of heparin on human corneal fibroblast proliferation in vitro with and without growth factor stimulation

· Background: The outcome of keratorefractive procedures such as PRK and LASIK is limited by the wound-healing process in the corneal stroma, which gives rise to complications such as haze formation and regression. The proliferation and matrix synthesis of corneal stromal fibroblasts is the central element of the wound-healing process. In order to develop new therapeutic strategies to reduce wound-healing intensity, we investigated the effect of heparin on the proliferation of cultured human corneal stromal fibroblasts (HCF) alone and in the presence of growth factors. · Methods: Primary cultures of HCF were established using epithelium and endothelium-free explants. Secondary cultures of HCF (first passage), cultured in WM/F12 supplemented with 10 μg/ml transferrin and 10 μg/ml thyroglobulin (LR-1 medium), 1% fetal calf serum (FCS) and 10% FCS were used to determine the effect of heparin on the proliferation of HCF in concentrations ranging from 12.5 μg/ml to 5000 μg/ml. Cell number was determined using the CASY 1 cell counter system. Modulation of HCF proliferation by heparin (50 μg/ml and 2000 μg/ml) was also investigated under serum-free conditions and in the presence of bFGF, EGF and PDGF-BB. · Results: Addition of heparin led to a dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation after 6 days of incubation, which was statistically significant for 500–5000 μg heparin/ml (FCS 1%) and for 200–5000 μg heparin/ml (FCS 10%). IC₅₀ values for this effect were determined to be approximately 700 μg heparin/ml. When cultured under serum-free conditions (LR-1), a significant reduction of cell number was only observed with 5000 μg heparin/ml. There was no significant modulation of PDGF-BB-, bFGF-, or EGF-stimulated cell proliferation by heparin at concentrations of 50 μg/ml and 2000 μg/ml after 6 days of incubation. · Conclusion: Our observations indicate that heparin can inhibit proliferation of HCF effectively. The results of the present study could eventually pave the way to prevent anterior stromal haze formation and regression after keratorefractive surgery. Received: 23 April 1998 Revised version received: 12 August 1998 Accepted: 13 August 1998     

Effect of heparin on proliferation of cultivated bovine lens epithelial cells]

The treatments proposed to date for the prevention of secondary cataract have shown limited efficacy or have not been satisfactory due to ocular toxicity. Since it has been demonstrated that heparin can inhibit the proliferative activity of smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts in vitro and in vivo, we examined the effect of heparin at concentrations ranging from 20 to 200 micrograms/ml on the proliferation of cultured bovine lens epithelial cells (BLEC) under various culture conditions: (1) serum-free medium (SFM); (2) SFM + aqueous humor 1:1; (3) SFM +1 and 10% fetal calf serum; (4) SFM +1% retinal extract; (5) SFM +50 micrograms/ml endothelial cell growth factor; (6) SFM +10 ng/ml epidermal growth factor; (7) SFM +10 ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor. Heparin caused no cytotoxic effects in any of the experiments. With medium 2 and 3, heparin caused dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation at concentrations ranging from 10 to 50 micrograms/ml. Cells cultivated in medium 4-7 with the addition of 50 micrograms/ml heparin revealed increased proliferative activity when compared with the corresponding controls. The antiproliferative activity on BLEC in medium containing aqueous humor suggests that heparin is a valuable tool for the prevention of secondary cataract in vivo.     

Epidermal growth factor receptor in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells

BACKGROUND: Migration and proliferation of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells play an important role in proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a cell surface receptor with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. The engagement of the receptor by its ligand can induce intracellular mitogenic signal transduction pathways and stimulate proliferation, migration and differentiation of cells. This experiment aimed to investigate the activation and role of EGFR signal transduction pathway in proliferation of human RPE cells. METHODS: Cultured human RPE cells of the 3rd to 6th passages were studied by colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival (MTT assay) to test the effects of EGF (0.1, 1, 10, 50, and 100 ng/ml) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) on proliferation of human RPE cells. An in vitro wound healing model was also set up, and the number of cells that had entered the denuded area was counted. The human RPE cells were cultured for 3 days with 0.1% FBS, 10% FBS, 10 ng/ml EGF + 0.1% FBS and a combination of EGF and 10% FBS, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization were used to observe the expressions of EGFR protein and mRNA, respectively. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was detected by immunohistochemical method with specific antiphosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 antibody. RESULTS: EGF stimulated proliferation and migration of cultured human RPE cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The maximum of the proliferation rate of RPE cells was 81.8% with EGF at a concentration of 10-100 ng/ml of EGF in serum-free Dulbecco's modified essential medium (DMEM) and 122.7% at a concentration of 1-10 ng/ml of EGF in 5% FBS DMEM (p < 0.001); there was a significant difference between serum-free DMEM groups and 5% FBS DMEM groups. The maximum of the migration rate of the cells was 438.9% at a concentration of 10-100 ng/ml of EGF in 10% FBS DMEM, 147% with 10% FBS, and only 36% with EGF in 0.1% FBS at the concentration of 10 ng/ml (p < 0.001). EGF promoted the expression of EGFR protein and mRNA in RPE cells. FBS cooperated with EGF in the stimulation of EGFR expression, and it had a stronger effect in the process than EGF alone. After 3 days of incubation with EGF, phosphorylated ERK1/2 was detectable in the nucleus of RPE cells, whereas cells presented immunostaining positive for phosphorylated ERK1/2 in the cytoplasm before stimulation, indicating that EGF could induce MAPK nuclear translocation. CONCLUSION: EGF could induce EGF-EGFR-MAPK signal transduction pathway in human RPE cells in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro, which may play a key role in the activation of human RPE cell proliferation and migration.     

不同成分培养基对原代兔晶状体上皮细胞生长的影响

目的:研究不同培养基对兔晶状体上皮细胞(LEC)培养的影响。方法:使用组织块贴壁法原代培养兔LEC,倒置显微镜观察不同培养基(DMEM低糖、高糖、F12)下兔LEC形态、生长速度的情况。结果:DMEM低糖和高糖培养基使培养2wk后的细胞开始出现分化,并停止生长,晶状体上皮细胞明显成纤维细胞化。DMEM/F12培养基使细胞生长良好,传至第5代时细胞开始发生转化变为成纤维细胞。结论:DMEM低糖和高糖培养基造成兔LEC增殖抑制,DMEM/F12培养基适合兔LEC的生长。     

Effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-4 on isolated cultured retinal ganglion cells: evaluation by flow cytometry

PURPOSE: Effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin (NT)-4 on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) isolated and cultured in a serum-free medium are evaluated objectively by using flow cytometry. METHODS: RGCs from the retinas of 2-day-old rats were isolated in a two-step panning and cultured in a serum-free medium. BDNF (1, 10, and 100 pg/ml or 1, 10, and 100 ng/ml), NT-4 (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 ng/ml) or their vehicle, phosphate-buffered saline, were individually added to aliquots of the medium to be cultured for 48 hours. Then, after adding 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate, the survival of RGCs was evaluated using flow cytometry. RESULTS: The method used allowed the authors to analyze 10,000 RGCs per sample in approximately 2 minutes, so that a much larger number of cells was evaluated in a shorter period than with previously reported methods. RGCs were classified into either large or small RGCs, and the survival of each of these groups was determined objectively by the amount of fluorescent emission. BDNF improved the survival rate of RGCs concentration-dependently. In particular, the survival rate of small RGCs was greatly improved. BDNF at 100 ng/ml increased the survival rate of small RGCs by 17.4% and that of large RGCs by 7.8% in comparison to the controls. NT4 did not significantly improve the survival rates of either large or small RGCs. CONCLUSIONS: BDNF improved the survival rate of RGCs, particularly of small RGCs, concentration-dependently, but NT-4 had little influence on the survival rate. The current method was useful in evaluating the effects of neuroprotective factors or neurotoxic factors on cultured RGCs.     

TGF beta secretion modulates the density-dependent growth of pig retinal pigment epithelium in vitro

BACKGROUND: We aimed to identify the cytokine(s) responsible for the density-dependent growth regulation of pig retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in vitro. METHODS: Confluent monolayers of primary pig RPE were established on bovine corneal endothelial extracellular matrix-coated tissue culture well inserts wrapped with dialysis membranes with different molecular weight cutoffs (0.5-50 kDa). These confluent RPE monolayers were then cocultured with first passage porcine RPE plated at a density of 1 cell/mm2, so that the newly plated RPE was bathed with different molecular weight fractions of the confluent cell media. Growth rates of the newly plated RPE were determined 72 h after plating and the molecular weight fraction of the confluent cell medium that inhibits the RPE proliferation was determined. First passage pig RPE (1 cell/mm2) were cocultured with confluent monolayers of primary pig RPE on inserts in the presence of different amounts of TGF-beta neutralizing antibody (0.1-100 microg/ml). Growth rates of the newly plated RPE were calculated 72 h after plating to determine the antibody concentration that would maximize the growth rate of the newly plated RPE in the presence of an adjacent confluent RPE monolayer. RESULTS: The growth rate of the newly plated RPE decreased when RPE were bathed with the 10- to 25-kDa fractions of medium from an adjacent confluent RPE monolayer. This growth inhibition reached statistical significance with the 25- to 50-kDa fractions (p < 0.05), and was abolished by adding pan-specific neutralizing antibody against TGF-beta (0.1-5 microg/ml). Blocking greater amounts of TGF-beta in the medium with higher doses of antibody (>10 microg/ml) also inhibited the growth of the newly plated RPE, in the presence or absence of a neighboring confluent cell layer. CONCLUSION: The TGF-beta family of cytokines mediates the density-dependent growth suppression of RPE in vitro. Neutralizing the effect of these cytokines by adding anti-TGF-beta antibodies can result in more rapid growth of the RPE in vivo.     

转化生长因子α对鼠视网膜Müller细胞谷氨酸转运体调控作用的研究

目的 观察转化生长因子α（TGFα）对鼠视网膜Müller细胞谷氨酸转运体 (GLAST) mRNA、蛋白质表达及摄取活性的调控作用。方法 取出生后7～10 d 的新生昆明小鼠视网膜组织，体外进行Müller细胞的培养。同一原代细胞的第3～4代细胞培养后随机分为2组：①TGFα干预组：分别加入浓度为50、75、125、150 ng/ml的TGFα，每种浓度3孔；②对照组：仍用含20%胎牛血清的Dulbeccon改良Eagle培养基培养。采用L-3H-谷氨酸摄取分析方法观察不同浓度TGFα对Müller细胞GLAST摄取活性的影响；逆转录聚合酶链反应方法分析Müller细胞GLAST mRNA表达的差异；免疫组织化学染色方法检测Müller细胞GLAST蛋白质表达的变化。结果随着TGFα浓度的增加，L-3H-谷氨酸的摄取量及GLAST mRNA表达量均逐渐增加，TGFα浓度为125 ng/ml时，L-3H-谷氨酸的摄取量达到最大值，为对照组的266%，同时GLASTmRNA表达量也达到最大值，为对照组的近4倍。免疫组织化学染色显示当TGFα浓度为125 ng/ml时，干预组Müller细胞内的GLAST蛋白表达量明显高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 TGFα可通过上调GLAST mRNA和蛋白质的表达增加视网膜Müller细胞谷氨酸转运体GLAST的摄取活性。