将抗体库所获抗HBs Fab转换为全长人IgG

目的：将大肠杆菌表达的抗乙肝表面抗原（ＨＢｓ）人Ｆａｂ转换为真核表达的全长人ＩｇＧ１。方法：用重叠ＰＣＲ法将人工合成的人Ｖｋ前导序列拼接到抗ＨＢｓ的ＶＨ和Ｖｋ上,构建人ＩｇＧ１真核表达载体,转染真核细胞,通过ＥＬＩＳＡ、ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ、免疫印迹检测抗ＨＢｓ人ＩｇＧ的表达。结果：用轻链和重链同时表达的单一莲体在ＣＨＯ细胞中获得了抗ＨＢｓ人ＩｇＧ的表达。结论：通过噬菌体抗体库所获Ｆａｂ段可通过拼接人Ｖｌ     

抗HBsAg人IgG表达载体的构建及其在CHO细胞中的表达

尝试将一株来源于人源性噬菌体抗体库的抗ＨＢｓＡｇ人Ｆａｂ,转换成完整的抗ＨＢｓＡｇ人ＩｇＧ。方法：采用重叠ＰＣＲ方法,在抗ＨＢｓＡｇ人Ｆａｂ的Ｖｋ和ＶＨ基因的５’端接上合工合成的人ｋ链的前导序列,构建表达完整ＩｇＧ１的真核表达载体,转染ＣＨＯ（ＤＨＦＲ＾－）细胞,用ＥＬＩＳＡ、ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ和免疫印迹检测抗ＨＢｓＡｇ人ＩｇＧ的表达,通过ＤＨＦＲ／ＭＴＸ体系及金属离子诱导提高Ｉｇ表达。结果：获得表达量     

丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白可溶性单链可变区抗体在大肠杆菌中的表达

利用分子生物学技术,构建表达丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）核心蛋白的人源单链可变区抗体（ＳｃＦｖ）的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌ＪＭ１０９中表达可溶性的ＨＣＶ－ｃｏｒｅ－ＳｃＦｖ。以重组的ＨＣＶ核心蛋白为包被抗原,利用噬菌体抗体库的表面展示技术,筛选到含有ＨＣＶ－ｃｏｒｅ－ＳｃＦｖ基因的噬菌体克隆。从噬菌体抗体阳性克隆中提取质粒,经ＮｃｏⅠ／Ｎｏｔ Ⅰ酶切鉴定,该ＳｃＦｖ基因由７５０ｂｐ组成。将其亚克隆到ｐＣＡＮＴＡＢ５Ｅ表达载体中,转化大肠杆菌ＪＭ１０９,提取质粒进行ＤＮＡ序列测定,符合ＳｃＦｖ的重链可变区和轻链可变区基因结构特点。ＩＰＴＧ诱导转化的大肠杆菌ＪＭ１０９,在其培养上清中获得了可溶性ＨＣＶ－ｃｏｒｅ－ＳｃＦｖ的表达。酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）证实表达的ＨＣＶ－ｃｏｒｅ－ＳｃＦｖ进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＰＡ     

人抗乙型肝炎表面抗原Fab片段的表达及活性鉴定

人抗乙型肝炎表面抗原Ｆａｂ片段的表达及活性鉴定２００００３上海第二军医大学长征医院范列英，韩焕兴，胡东平，孔宪涛关键词ＨＢｓＡｇ，Ｆａｂ片段，噬菌体抗体中国图书资料分类号Ｒ５１２．６２噬菌体抗体技术不仅能大量制备人源性单克隆抗体，而且为制备其他的具有...     

抗HBsAg-碱性磷酸酶双功能抗体融合蛋白分子的构建

为构建带有碱性磷酸酶活性的双功能基因工程抗体,我们将已克隆的大肠杆菌碱性磷酸酶基因重组到抗ＨＢｓＡｇ Ｆａｂ段的Ｆｄ羧基端,构建了重组融合蛋白表达载体ｐＨＢＦＡＰ,转化大肠杆菌ＸＬ１－Ｂｌｕｅ,经ＩＰＴＧ诱导表达后,采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测到培养上清中存在与ＨＢｓＡｇ的结合活性和碱性磷酸酶的催化活性,显示抗ＨＢｓＡｇ－碱性磷酸酶双功能抗体分子在大肠杆菌中获得了表达。     

大肠杆菌表达的单链抗体柱复性的研究

单链抗体（ｓｉｎｇｌｅｃｈａｉｎＦｖＳｃＦｖ）是由抗体重链要变区ＶＨ和轻链可变区ＶＬ通过一段连接肽连接而成的重组蛋白，由于其分子量小穿透力强，免疫原性代，利于基因工程操作等特点，而具有良好的应用前景，近年来国内外学者对单链抗体进行了大量研究，本室构建了抗乙肝病毒表面抗原ＨＢｓＡｇ的单链抗体ＳｃＦｖ，并在大肠杆菌表达体系中以包含体工形式获得高效表达，由于包含体为没有活性的变性蛋白，其纯化和复性是大量     

人源宋内痢疾杆菌脂多糖抗独特型抗体的筛选和基因结构特点分析

将纯化的宋内痢疾杆菌脂多糖的鼠单克隆抗体（５Ｂ１２）固相化，然后对混合噬菌体抗体库（ＨＩＶ、ＨＡＶ、ＨＢＶ）进行５轮“吸附－洗脱－扩增”的淘筛，使特异性噬菌体抗体得到了富集，阳性率达５３．１３％。竞争抑制试验证明，其中６株与宋内痢疾杆菌脂多糖的竞争抑制率大于５０％。酶切电泳图谱显示，淘筛的阳性克隆均无轻链基因，重链基因约４００ｂｐ。对分离的两株阳性克隆进行序列分析研究，发现这两个克隆ＤＮＡ序列相同，均为人免疫球蛋白重链可变区序列，属人ＩｇＧ基因Ⅲ家族，长度为３８４ｂｐ，与期望的６６０ｂｐ相差２７６ｂｐ。但这种重链部分缺失和轻链完全缺失的抗体片段却有明确的与５Ｂ１２的结合活性。     

抗地高辛人源小分子抗体的获取

目的 从大容量噬菌体抗体库中筛选人源性抗地高辛抗体,并构建双体抗体.方法 以固相化的地高辛对构建的大容量噬菌体抗体库进行筛选,3～4轮后挑取克隆用酶联免疫吸附测定方法鉴定其特异性,对抗地高辛阳性抗体克隆进行DNA指纹分析及测序分析.选取活性好的克隆进行改造,构建双体抗体.结果 在抗体库的筛选过程中可见到明显的富集现象,获得了4株可与地高辛特异性结合的人源抗体,经DNA指纹分析及测序分析证明为不同克隆基因,阳性克隆的可变区基因轻链均属于λ第一亚群,重链分别属于第三和第四亚群.选取4号克隆进行基因改造,构建双体抗体表达载体,获得了活性较好的双体抗体.结论 利用噬菌体抗体技术获得了人源性抗地高辛抗体,并改造成应用前景较好的双体抗体,可能为临床诊断及治疗洋地黄类药物中毒提供具有实用价值的人源抗体.     

人红细胞单链抗体基因的克隆及其序列分析

目的：获得抗人红细胞的单链抗体基因。方法：以分泌抗人红细胞单抗（ＨＲＣ）的杂交瘤细胞总ＲＮＡ为模板，分别扩增出轻链可变区（ＶＬ）和重链可变区（ＶＨ）基因，用连接肽将其连接成具ＶＬ－ｌｉｎｋｅｒ－ＶＨ结构的单链抗体基因。结果：ＤＮＡ序列分析证实，获得的单链抗体基因的轻，重链分别属于鼠Ｉｇｋａｐｐａ轻链第Ⅲ亚组和Ｉｇ重链第Ⅱｃ亚组，结论：构建了抗人红细胞单链抗体的载体，提供了与其它基因连接，为建立病人     

轻链替换文库对抗HBs基因工程Fab抗体亲和力的影响

目的测定轻链替换文库对基因工程Fab抗体的亲和力的影响。方法将PCR扩增的人抗体轻链基因插入已克隆有人源抗乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)抗体重链Fd基因的噬菌粒中,构建成轻链替换文库,经亲和淘洗,从该文库中筛选与重链Fd基因相匹配的轻链基因。结果链替换的噬菌体抗体(phab)的ELISA光吸收值(A)从0·43±0·09提高到最高为1·24±0·10。序列分析ELISA光吸收值(A)最高的5株phab的轻链基因,3株κ链的碱基序列基本一致,属VκIII亚群,2株λ链的基因序列相同,属VλⅠ亚群。结论所筛选出来的phab具有抗HBsAg的特异性。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.