Impact of plasmin and its complexes with α2-macroglobulin or α2-antiplasmin on the proliferative activity of human lymphocyteson the proliferative activity of human lymphocytes

It is shown that plasmin in doses of 0.1, 1, or 10 μg/ml did not influence significantly phytohemagglutinin-induced proliferation of mononuclear lymphocytes in a 3-day culture with these cells. Their proliferative response to pokeweed mitogen was stimulated by plasmin in the dose of 10 μg/ml only. Biogenic complexes of plasmin with α₂-macroglobulin or α₂-antiplasmin induced a moderate reduction of spontaneous proliferation after 3 days of culture, and so did plasmin after 5 days; α₂-macroglobulin induced a dose-dependent comitogenic effect with phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen, while α₂-antiplasmin induced a dose-independent comitogenic effect with pokeweed mitogen. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 9, pp. 304–305, September, 1994 Presented by V. A. Trufakin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of a long low-power γ-irradiation and β-carotene on lipid metabolism in the rat thymocyte nuclei

The effect of γ-irradiation in a dose of 1.5 Gy at a dose intensity of 3 sGy/day on the rat thymocyte nuclear lipids and of β-carotene diet on the metabolism of thymocyte nuclear lipids is studied in intact and γ-irradiated rats. The irradiation activated the incorporation of 2-¹⁴C-acetate in the total lipid fraction and in cholesterol and suppressed the label incorporation in sphyngomyelin. The β-carotene diet decreased the content of cholesterol and monoglycerides in the thymocyte nuclei of intact and irradiated rats. In irradiated rats β-carotene increased the label incorporation in the total phosphatidylserine+phosphatidylinositol fraction. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 9, pp. 311–313, September, 1998     

Interaction of bis-β-chlorethylamine estrogen derivatives with human ovarian adenocarcinoma cells

Antiproliferative effect of bis-β-chlorethylamine estrogen derivatives on human ovarian adenocarcinoma CaOV cells depends on the dose of the drug. In concentrations of 10⁻⁵ and 5×10⁻⁶ M they inhibit, while in a dose of 5×10⁻⁷ M stimulate cell proliferation. It is assumed that CaOV cells express estradiol receptors. The interaction of these cytostatics with estrogen-binding sites on CaOV cells is demonstrated. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 3, pp. 302–304, March, 1999     

Factors influencing the immunomodulating effect of met-enkephalin: Role of mitogen dose,stage of cell activation,and time of opioid administration

Met-enkephalin in a concentration range of 10⁻¹⁵ to 10⁻⁹ M exhibited an immunomodulating effect upon concanavalin A-induced proliferation of mouse lymphocytesin vitro. The effect of met-enkephalin was shown to depend on the stage of lymphocyte activation, the time of opioid administration, and the dose of mitogen. Met-enkephalin produced the maximal effect when given in the phases of increase or decrease of the proliferative response. Met-enkephalin augmented the proliferative response to the suboptimal dose of concanavalin A and, on the contrary, inhibited the response to the optimal dose of mitogen. Administration of met-enkephalin at different times could both inhibit and stimulate proliferation depending on the stage of lymphocyte activation. An inhibitory effect was induced by δ-class opioid ligand, while κ-ligand was responsible for stimulation. Naloxone abolished the stimulating effect of opioids. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 4, pp. 398–401, April, 1995 Presented by R. V. Petrov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of ozone on the liver in experimental chronic hepatitis

Short-term administration of ozonized physiological solution to rats with chronic toxic hepatitis reduces the content of total lipids in the liver tissue, activates antioxidant enzymes, normalizes the level of diene conjugates, and reliably increases adenosine nucleotides, the number of normal hepatocytes being increased 2.2-fold. The data suggest that ozone can be used as a stimulator of regeneration of the pathologically altered liver. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 8, pp. 238–240, August, 1996     

Modulation of interleukin-2-induced proliferation and nonspecific cytotoxicity of rat lymphocytes by phorbol myristate acetate and staurosporine

It is shown that a 19-h pretreatment of rat splenocytes with 1 μM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate followed by a 42-h incubation with human recombinant interleukin-2 inhibits nonspecific cytotoxicity of these cells toward the target YAC-1 cells. By contrast, proliferation of splenocytes and thymocytes incubated under the same conditons increases considerably. The inhibitor of protein kinase C staurosporine (0.1 μM) significantly decreases nonspecific cytotoxicity of splenocytes after a 20-min incubation, while in a dose of 0.01 μM it stimulates lytic activity of splenocytes and thymocytes following a 3-day incubation with interleukin-2 in the presence of the inhibitor. Cell proliferation under these conditions is markedly decreased. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 10, pp. 394–398, October, 1996     

β-Carotene-containing preparations enhance antioxidant potential of the liver and myocardium

The effects of β-carotene-containing food additives carinate and carinate CD on the antioxidant potential of rat liver and myocardium were examined. Daily oral administration of these drugs in doses equal to 0.4 and 14 mg/kg β-carotene inhibited ascorbate-dependent peroxidation of endogenous lipids in hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes 1.5–6.5- and 1.5–40-fold, respectively, depending on β-carotene form and dose. Carinate CD containing a complex of β—carotene with β-cyclodextrin was a more potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in the liver and myocardium than carinate containing free β-carotene. β-Carotene-containing food additives can be recommended for the prophylaxis of cardiovascular, oncological, and other diseases. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 9, pp. 324–326, September, 1999     

Effect of antiserotonin antibodies on functional activity of T and B lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages

Experiments on C57Bl/6 mice showed that antiserotonin antibodies injected intraperitoneally in a dose of 25 mg/kg or added to cell culture in a dose of 10⁻⁷ mol/ml suppress lymphocyte proliferative response to pokeweed mitogen and stimulate functional activity of macrophages. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 2, pp. 140–142, February, 1998     

Dynamics of changes in skin lipids after stress: Effects of exogenous melatonin

Changes in the skin lipid composition induced by water-immersion stress in rats treated and untreated with melatonin were studied by thin-layer chromatography. Skin lipids showed a delayed reaction to stress. Melatonin exerted a protective effect which was manifested on the 2nd day after treatment in restoration of the level of total lipids and the absolute content of the majority of lipid fractions. The data suggest modification of, the metabolic relationships between skin lipids as well as lipids of the blood and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 5, pp. 519–522, May, 1999     

Rapid clearance of rhesus-positive erythrocytes with monoclonal anti-rhesus antibodies is insufficient for effective prevention of rhesus sensitization

The ability of human monoclonal IgG1 to accelerate the clearance of rhesus-positive erythrocytes in rhesus-negative volunteers does not correlate with their immunosuppressive effect. Monoclonal antibodies G-17 weakly accelerated the clearance, but decreased the incidence of sensitization, while G-7 and G-12 antobodies eliminated 80–100% erythrocytes for 7 days, and used in combination, these antibodies eliminated all erythrocytes within 3 days. G-7 antibodies stimulated immune response in all doses, while G-12 antibodies stimulated antirhesus response in a dose of 600 μg and notably decreased it in a dose of 1200–1800 μg. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 1, pp. 77–81, January, 2000     

Dependence of the proliferation of hemopoietic adrenergic precursors under the influence of cytostatics

After administration of 5-fluorouracil in a high dose (114 mg/kg), the proliferation of committed precursors of erythro- and granulomonocytopoiesis is controlled by sympatheticoadrenal system. On the one hand, catecholamines facilitate, predominantly via β-structures, the migration of Thy-1⁺-cells that stimulate hemopoietic precursors for the S-phase of cell cycle. On the other hand, sympatheticoadrenal transmitters potentiate via β- and α-adrenoreceptors the suppressor activity of the cytostatic on the growth and maturation of erythropoietic and, to a lesser extent, granulocytopoietic precursors. These factors may contribute to the process of long restoration of the granulocyte and, to a higher extent, erythrocyte stem cells in the bone marrow after a high dose of 5-fluorouracil. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 6, pp. 638–641, June, 1997     

Effect of diazepam on the transmembrane potential and physicochemical state of the thymocyte membrane in rats during exposure to cold

Exposure of restrained rats to cold caused a drop in rectal temperature by 3°C, attenuated membrane potential by ΔΨ_T, decreased the level of lipid peroxidation products, and increased the viscosity of membrane lipids in thymocytes. Although diazepam (5 mg/kg, 1 h prior to experiment) decreased ΔΨ_T and lipid viscosity under comfortable temperature, it prevented the cold-induced changes in these parameters. Incubation of intact rat thymocytes with diazepam (0.2 μg/ml) decreased ΔΨ_T, increased lipid viscosity, and did not change the intensity of lipid peroxidation. Possibilities are discussed to reduced with the help of diazepam the cold-related energy losses not only due to its effect on the central benzodiazepine receptors, but also due to changes in functional and structural parameters of the membranes caused by interaction with peripheral receptors. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 12, pp. 636–639, December, 1998     

Effect of lymphokines on platelet-mediated cytotoxicity

The effect of several cytokines on the cytolytic activity of platelets from healthy donors was studied. A human lung adenocarcinoma cell line served as the source of targets. IL-1α and IL-1β in a dose range of 10–100 U/ml increased the activity of initially lowtoxic platelets, and vice versa. An increase of the dose of any cytokine up to 1000 U/ml caused inhibition of cytolysis, irrespective of the initial cytotoxicity of platelets. Unlike the mentioned cytokines, tumor necrosis factor by itself produced a cytotoxic effect on the targets; however, it had no effect on the cytolytic activity of platelets. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, No. 3, pp. 320–323, March, 1995     

Effect of sedatin,a synthetic dermorphin analog,on cell division in the corneal and lingual epithelia of rats

Sedatin, an analog of the opioid peptide dermorphin, which is a mixed μ- and δ-receptor agonist, had no effect on DNA synthesis and mitotic activity in the corneal or lingual epithelium of rats in a single dose 10 μg/kg, but stimulated cell division in both epithelia in a single dose of 100 μg/kg and in the 10 μg/kg dose administered either once daily over a 21-day period or just once after a single injection of the opiate receptor antagonist naloxone. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, No. 6, pp. 641–644, June, 1996     

Effects of synthetic bis-β-chloroethylamine estrogen derivatives on proliferation of skin sarcoma cells

The effects of four new synthetic bis-β-chloroethylamine-containing estrogens and known cytostatic agents chlorophenacyl and estradiol mustard were compared on monolayer cultures of transformed L-929 fibroblasts (from murine skin sarcoma). The drugs within the concentration range of 10⁻⁵-5×10⁻⁷M inhibited proliferation of cultured cells by 67%. Chlorophenacyl displayed the least antiproliferative activity (15% inhibition at 10⁻⁵M). Steroid nucleus introduced into the molecule enhanced antiproliferative activity of test drug in comparison with chlorophenacyl, probably due to accumulation of the hormone-cytostatic molecules in cells. Estradiol had no effect on proliferative activity of L-929 cells, and no specific estrogen-binding sites were found in cultured transformed fibroblasts. The antiproliferative effect of hormone-cytostatics on this culture is not mediated via specific interactions with estrogen receptors. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 6, pp. 695–697, June, 2000     

Involvement of angiotensin II system components in regulation of DNA synthesis in pyloric epithelium of albino rats

Effects of intraperitoneal injections of angiotensin II and oral intake of cosaar (angiotensin II receptor blocker) and ednite (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor) on DNA synthesis in the pyloric portion of the stomach was studied in adult albino rats by autoradiography with³H-thymidine. Proliferative processes in the studied tissue were enhanced 24 h after single injection of the peptide in a dose of 50 μg/kg and 4 h after injection of 100 μg/kg peptide. Treatment with cosaar and ednite for 2 weeks led to normalization of stress-activated epithelial proliferation in the pyloric part of the stomach. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 2, pp. 214–216, February, 2000     

Effects of saltwort plants on blood plasma lipids in rats during chronic alcohol intoxication and after ethanol withdrawal

Saltwort plants (salsocollin) ameliorated plasma contents of total lipids, triacylglycerols, and phosphatidylcholine in rats with alcohol intoxication, but had no effect on cholesterol and total phospholipid levels. Salsocollin did not prevent the increase in the levels of total lipids and triacylglycerols 3 days after ethanol withdrawal. During abstinence, salsocollin potentiated symptoms of ethanol withdrawal (7 days later) in relation to the content of total phospholipids, but normalized the levels of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and total lipids. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 6, pp. 665–667, June, 1999     

Experimental effect of some hormones on the intensity of the free-radical lipid oxidation reaction

The effect of adrenalin and hydrocortisone on free-radical oxidation of lipids in erythrocytes was investigated in experiments on rabbitsin vivo with modified lipid metabolism. Adrenalin in a dose of 0.1 mg/kg and hydrocortisone in a dose of 5 mg/kg were found to cause an, increase in the concentration of hydroperoxides of fatty acids. The results confirm the view that adrenalin and hydrocortisone, in experimentsin vivo, have antioxidative properties which are evidently indirect in character, associated with their lipid-mobilizing effect.Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Novosibirsk. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. P. Kaznacheev.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 86, No. 11, pp. 531–533, November, 1978.     

Psychostimulant effect of synthetic dermorphin analog

The effect of a dermorphin analog on learning was studied in a Wistar rat model of the complex food-seeking task. The preparation decreased the degree of anxiety in a dose-independent manner. In a dose of 50 μg/kg it increased the number of “well”-learning rats by intensifying the learning process in rats with initially suppressed cognitive activity. In a dose of 150 μg/kg, the opioid decreased the number of “well”-learning rats due to disturbance of motivation mechanisms, which was manifested in behavioral instability. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 9, pp. 252–255, September, 1998     

Stimulation of proliferative activity of human natural killers (CD16+CD56+ cells) by recombinant interleukin-3in vitro

The proliferative activity of human natural killers (CD16⁺CD56⁺ cells) in the presence of 100 and 1000 IU/ml human recombinant interleukin-3 is investigatedin vitro. It is shown that recombinant interleukin-3 reliably enhances natural killer proliferation, causing a 9–15.2-fold increase of³H-thymidine uptake by CD16⁺CD56⁺ cells both in complete culture medium and in conditioned medium. The effect of the factor is 3.9–6.4 and 3.6–8.9-fold more potent than that of recombinant interleukin-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, respectively, in the same doses. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 4, pp. 409–412, April, 1995 Presented by S. V. Prozorovskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences