单孔双视免气腹腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床应用体会

目的:探讨单孔双视免气腹腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床疗效。方法:2013年11月至2016年5月为167例胆囊良性病变患者行单孔双视免气腹腹腔镜胆囊切除术,剑突下偏右做2.0~2.5 cm切口,用吸切剥离器解剖出胆囊管及胆囊动脉,夹闭后切断,左手指沿胆囊与肝脏间隙轻柔剥离,右手提起胆囊管轻轻旋转,双手配合完成胆囊切除术。合并胆总管结石的患者,切开胆总管,采用胆道镜取石,其中11例行胆总管一期缝合,5例放置T管。结果:167例手术均获成功,5例合并胆总管结石患者因操作部位深且粘连炎症重,适当扩大切口至3.5 cm。手术时间平均(40.0±8.9)min;术中出血量平均(20.5±4.6)ml。术后切口疼痛轻微,无出血、胆漏等并发症发生。3例术后胆囊窝积液经保守治疗后痊愈。单纯胆囊切除术后3~4 d出院;行胆总管取石的患者术后7 d出院,3个月后门诊常规行胆道镜检查,无残留结石后拔除T管。167例患者术后随访8~12个月,均恢复良好。结论:单孔双视免气腹腹腔镜胆囊切除术适应证广、安全、可行,疗效满意。     

老年患者单孔免气腹腔镜胆囊切除术41例分析

目的 探讨老年患者行单孔免气腹腔镜胆囊切除术的安全性和可行性.方法 2010年10月至2012年3月,使用北京诺科氏微创研究所研制的单孔双视微创手术设备及数字腔镜系统,对65岁以上老年患者不同病因行单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术41例,25例采用硬膜外麻醉,16例喉罩全身麻醉.于剑突右下方1.5 ～ 2.5 cm孔入腹,显露胆囊三角,分离、辨认胆囊壶腹、胆囊管、胆囊动脉及肝总管及胆总管,钛夹夹闭、切断胆囊管、胆囊动脉,分离胆囊床切除胆囊.操作质量管理检验流程合格后,缝合切口.结果 41例术中直视、腔镜视频显示手术过程清晰,术组成员配合满意,术程摄录效果满意.25例硬膜外麻醉患者未留置胃管、尿管.平均手术时间53 min,平均出血量30 ml,术后8～10h多数患者可下床活动,24 h可进流食.结论 单孔双视免气腹腔镜胆囊切除术创伤更小,无气腹,不须全身麻醉,手术程序新颖,操作简单、精准、安全而疗效可靠,更加适合患有多种内科疾病的老年患者,且学习曲线短,医疗费用低,是综合优势更为突出的微创外科技术.     

小儿免气腹单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术与经脐单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术的对比研究

目的:探讨免气腹单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术的手术效果及方法。方法:将180例阑尾炎患儿随机分为两组,100例行免气腹单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术(A组),80例行经脐单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术(B组),对比两组手术时间、术后下床活动时间、术后胃肠功能恢复时间、术后住院时间及住院费用等指标。结果:180例手术均获成功。两组手术时间、住院费用差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),A组术后下床活动时间、术后胃肠功能恢复时间、术后住院时间显著短于B组(P<0.001)。结论:免气腹单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术具有创伤更小、康复快、住院时间短、不增加费用等优点,是安全、有效的,在基层医院可推广应用。     

单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术的常见困难与处理

目的:探讨经脐单孔腹腔镜行阑尾切除的手术中的常见困难与处理方法。方法:回顾性分析勒流医院2009年6月—2012年2月采取经脐单孔腹腔镜治疗的86例阑尾炎患者的临床资料。结果:处理困难包括腹腔脓液积聚15例,阑尾显露困难6例,残端处理困难5例,腹腔粘连3例;78例在单孔腹腔镜下完成手术,8例转为常规腹腔镜手术,无中转开腹者;手术时间(41.39±13.76)min,住院时间(4.82±2.16)d;全组无术后出血、切口感染等并发症。结论:单孔腹腔镜行阑尾切除手术是安全可行的;阑尾切除困难时,应视阑尾病变的情况采取相应的方法和技巧,能有效的防止并发症的发生。     

脐部单孔法免气腹腹腔镜小儿阑尾切除术

我院自2005年3月至2008年1月,利用普通腹腔镜,对78例小儿阑尾炎行脐部单孔法免气腹腹腔镜阑尾切除术,取得了满意效果,现报道如下。     

悬吊式免气腹经脐单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术的临床分析

目的:探讨悬吊式免气腹经脐单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术的可行性及临床应用价值。方法:回顾分析2013年8月至2014年5月为20例患者行悬吊式免气腹经脐单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术的临床资料,术中使用骨科牵引弓、克氏针自制腹壁悬吊装置及普通腹腔镜操作器械完成手术。结果:手术均获成功,无中转常规腹腔镜手术及开腹手术,手术过程顺利,手术时间40~70 min,平均(54.0±1.7)min;无腹腔、脐部切口感染,平均住院(6.0±1.2)d,患者均顺利出院。结论:悬吊式免气腹经脐单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术具有微创及美容的优势,使用普通腹腔镜操作器械也可完成手术,具有临床推广价值。     

经脐自制单孔腔镜通道与三孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术的比较

目的 比较经脐单孔腔镜阑尾切除术（single-site laparoscopic appendectomy,SSLA）与三孔腔镜阑尾切除术（conventional laparoscopic appendectomy,CLA）的近期手术效果,以评估SSLA手术的安全可行性.方法 对2011年1月-2012年12月接受SSLA的16例急性阑尾炎患者进行回顾性分析,并以同期接受CLA的39例急性阑尾炎病人作为对照.SSLA采用自制手术通道和常规器械.2组的性别、年龄、体重指数、合并症、阑尾炎临床病理分型等无统计学差异.结果所有SSLA与CLA手术均镜下完成,无中转开腹或增加穿刺孔.2组手术时间、并发症发生率以及术后住院时间的差异均无显著性（P〉0.05）.结论 利用自制通道和常规器械的SSLA的近期手术效果与CLA无差异,SSLA手术是安全可行的.     

单孔悬吊法腹腔镜阑尾切除术的应用体会

目的：探讨单孔悬吊法腹腔镜阑尾切除术（laparoscopic appendectomy,LA）的可行性,并总结治疗体会。方法：为43例阑尾炎患者施行单孔悬吊法LA。经脐部单孔分别置入腹腔镜和操作钳,找到阑尾后,从右下腹置入细铜丝悬吊起阑尾根部,在腹腔内完成阑尾切除,经脐孔拖出阑尾。结果：手术时间25-97min,平均36min,1例中转开腹,1例经两孔法切除。术后1例发生脐孔感染,无其他并发症发生。所有患者均痊愈出院。平均住院4.5d。结论：单孔悬吊法LA操作简单、有效、可行,扩大了单孔LA的适应证,并且有很好的美容效果。     

经脐单孔与传统多孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术对比的单中心回顾性研究

目的：回顾性比较分析经脐单孔与同期多孔法腹腔镜阑尾切除术患者的临床资料,探讨前者的安全性和可行性。方法：收集2009年1月—2011年5月行腹腔镜阑尾切除术患者53例。其中,单孔法组32例,三孔法组21例。对两组围手术期资料进行比较分析。结果：全部患者均顺利完成腹腔镜阑尾切除。两组患者在平均手术时间（P=0.358）和术中出血量（P=0.595）方面的比较无统计学差异;单孔组患者术后肠道功能恢复早于多孔组（1.2±0.4 d vs 1.5±0.5 d,P=0.029）。所有患者均于术后5 d内出院（3.8±0.8 d vs 4.0±0.9 d,P=0.462）。术后随访1个月~2年,两组患者并发症的发生率无统计学差异。结论：经脐单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术安全、有效,美容效果好,具有可行性。其临床应用价值仍需进一步的临床研究证实。     

单孔微型腹腔镜小儿阑尾切除术的临床体会

目的:总结小儿单孔微型腹腔镜阑尾切除术(laparoscopic appendectomy,LA)的临床经验,探讨其临床开展及应用价值。方法:2007年7月至2015年3月同一术者为207例患者施行阑尾切除术,其中开腹阑尾切除术(open appendectomy,OA)106例,单孔微型LA 101例,对比两组患儿切口美观度、住院时间、手术时间、失血量、术后疼痛程度(采用Wong-Baker脸测试)、术后首次进食时间、抗生素使用情况等。结果:LA组患儿手术时间、住院时间、失血量、切口美观度、术后首次进食时间、抗生素使用时间优于OA组,术后患儿腹壁基本不留疤痕,疼痛轻微,无需使用镇痛或镇静剂。结论:单孔微型腹腔镜小儿阑尾切除术操作简单、安全可行,具有在临床广泛开展及应用的价值。     

腹腔镜与开腹阑尾切除术治疗急性阑尾炎的疗效分析

目的 比较腹腔镜阑尾切除术(laparoscopic appendectomy,LA)和开腹阑尾切除术(open appendectomy,OA)治疗急性阑尾炎的结果.方法 将2005年5月至2010年5月收治的396例行阑尾切除术的急性阑尾炎病人按手术方法分为LA组和OA组,比较分析两组病人的临床资料.结果 LA组与...     

腹腔镜与开腹阑尾切除术的比较分析

目的:分析比较腹腔镜与开腹阑尾切除术(open appendectomy,OA)的临床效果。方法:回顾分析60例腹腔镜阑尾切除术(laparoscopic appendectomy,LA)和同期OA组60例的手术资料,比较两组手术时间、腹腔内其他病变探查率、术后肛门排气时间、术后下床时间、住院费用、术后止痛剂使用、切口感染、粘连性肠梗阻、腹腔残余感染发生率等指标。结果:LA组的腹腔内其他病变探查率、术后肛门排气时间、术后下床时间、术后止痛剂使用、切口感染发生、粘连性肠梗阻、腹腔残余感染情况与OA组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。手术时间、住院费用两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:LA与OA相比具有创伤小、恢复快、住院时间短、美容等优点。在无禁忌证的情况下,可推荐患者行LA。     

腹腔镜阑尾切除术的临床应用价值

目的:探讨腹腔镜阑尾切除术的临床应用价值。方法:回顾分析腹腔镜阑尾切除术(LA)32例(A组)与同期开腹阑尾切除术(OA)36例(B组)的平均手术时间、失血量、住院时间、术后切口疼痛情况、术后消化功能恢复时间及术后并发症的发生。结果:A组平均手术时间1.2h,手术失血量8.3ml,B组平均手术时间0.9h,手术失血量10.5ml,两组差异无显著性(P>0.05),A组平均住院3.6d,B组为7.8d,两组差异有显著性(P<0.01);A组术后切口疼痛4例,切口未疼痛28例,8组术后切口疼痛29例,未疼痛7例,两组差异有显著性(P<0.01);A组术后消化功能恢复平均为44.5h,B组为62.4h,两组差异无显著性(P>0.05);A组术后切口无感染,B组2例,两组无显著差异(P>0.05),A、B两组手术并发症发生情况无显著差异。结论:腹腔镜阑尾切除术创伤小、术后康复快、住院时间短,是急、慢性阑尾炎较理想的微创治疗方法。     

Comparison of laparoscopic-assisted appendectomy with intracorporal laparoscopic appendectomy and open appendectomy.

BACKGROUND: A laparoscopic appendectomy is associated with less postoperative pain and a shorter postoperative stay than the open technique. However, the open technique is faster and less expensive than the completely laparoscopic method. A laparoscopic-assisted appendectomy has the advantages of both the laparoscopic and open techniques. METHODS: A retrospective study involving 83 patients was performed comparing the three different techniques. The comparison studied operating time, surgical expense, and postoperative stay. RESULTS: The completely laparoscopic method was performed on 24 patients with an average surgical time of 88.9 minutes, average charges of $604, and average postoperative stay of 2.6 days. The open technique was performed on 26 patients with a surgical time of 77.1 minutes, charges of $42, and a postoperative stay of 2.4 days. The laparoscopic-assisted technique was performed on 33 patients with a surgical time of 70.3 minutes, charges of $208, and a postoperative stay of 1.8 days. CONCLUSION: The laparoscopic-assisted method of appendix removal can be performed as efficiently as the open technique but at <67% of the cost of the complete laparoscopic method. The postoperative stay is shorter for the laparoscopic-assisted technique than for the open technique. Thus, the laparoscopic-assisted technique is a cost-effective method for removing the appendix.     

Cost perspectives of laparoscopic and open appendectomy

Background Despite multiple studies comparing laparoscopic and open appendectomies, the clinically and economically superior procedure still is in question. A cost analysis was performed using both institutional and societal perspectives.Methods A decision analytic model was developed to evaluate laparoscopic and open appendectomies. The institutional perspective addressed direct health care costs, whereas the societal perspective addressed direct and indirect health care costs. Baseline values and ranges were taken from randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and Medicare databases.Results From the institutional perspective, open appendectomy is the least expensive strategy, with an expected cost of $5,171, as compared with $6,118 for laparoscopic appendectomy. The laparoscopic approach is less expensive if open appendectomy wound infection rates exceed 23%. From the societal perspective, laparoscopic appendectomy is the least expensive strategy, with an expected cost of $10,400, as compared with $12,055 for open appendectomy.Conclusions The decision analysis demonstrated an economic advantage to the hospital of open appendectomy. In contrast, laparoscopic appendectomy represents a better economic choice for the patient.Poster of Distinction at the 2004 Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) Congress, Denver, CO, USA, 2 April 2004     

肥胖病人行腹腔镜阑尾切除术与开腹手术的疗效对比分析

目的对比分析腹腔镜阑尾切除术和开腹阑尾切除术治疗肥胖病人阑尾炎的手术效果。方法回顾性分析2003年1月-2007年11月我院行阑尾切除术治疗肥胖病人阑尾炎104例的临床资料。其中,行腹腔镜阑尾切除术73例,开腹阑尾切除术31例。比较两种术式的手术时间、切口感染和残余脓肿的发生率、住院时间和住院费用的差异。结果比较腹腔镜阑尾切除术组和开腹阑尾切除术组以上各项指标（除住院时间外）差异均无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。结论腹腔镜阑尾切除术治疗肥胖病人阑尾炎与开腹阑尾切除术相比具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和平均住院时间短等优点,是治疗肥胖病人阑尾炎较理想的手术方式。     

Trends in utilization and outcomes of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy

BACKGROUND: Although a number of trials have analyzed the outcomes of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy, the clinical advantages, and cost-effectiveness of laparoscopic appendectomy in the management of acute and perforated appendicitis are still not clearly defined. The aim of this study was to examine utilization and outcomes of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy using a national administrative database of academic medical centers and teaching hospitals. METHODS: Using ICD-9 diagnosis and procedure codes, we obtained data from the University HealthSystem Consortium Clinical Data Base for all patients who underwent appendectomy for acute and perforated appendicitis between 1999 and 2003 (n = 60,236). Trends in utilization of laparoscopic appendectomy were examined over the 5-year period. The outcomes of laparoscopic and open appendectomy were compared including length of hospital stay, 30-day readmission, complications, observed and expected (risk-adjusted) in-hospital mortality, and costs. RESULTS: Overall, 41,085 patients underwent open appendectomy and 19,151 patients underwent laparoscopic appendectomy. The percentage of appendectomy performed by laparoscopy increased from 20% in 1999 to 43% in 2003 (P <0.01). Compared with patients who underwent open appendectomy, patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy were more likely female, more likely white, had a lower severity of illness, and were less likely to have perforated appendicitis. Laparoscopic appendectomy was associated with a shorter length of hospital stay (2.5 days vs 3.4 days), lower rate of 30-day readmission (1.0% vs 1.3%), and lower rate of overall complications (6.1% vs 9.6%). There was no significant difference in the observed to expected mortality ratio between laparoscopic and open appendectomy (0.5 vs 0.6, respectively). The mean cost per case was similar between the two groups (US$ 6,242 vs US$ 6,260). CONCLUSIONS: Utilization of laparoscopic appendectomy at academic centers has increased more than two-fold between 1999 and 2003. Patients selected for laparoscopic appendectomy have less advanced appendicitis and have a shorter length of stay and fewer complications without increasing the inpatient care cost.     

腹腔镜阑尾切除术50例报告

目的 探讨腹腔镜下阑尾系膜缝扎及残端包埋缝合行阑尾切除术的可行性,手术技巧.方法 回顾分析50例腹腔镜阑尾切除术的临床资料.结果 48例阑尾炎患者手术成功;2例患者转开放手术,其中1例是阑尾周围脓肿,另1例是回盲部肿块.手术时间30～105 min,住院时间3～6 d,平均4 d.术后无出血,肠漏,肠梗阻等并发症.结论 腹腔镜下阑尾系膜的缝扎及残端的包埋缝合行阑尾切除术可行且安全,患者住院时间短,费用低,无钛夹遗留,同时也使外科医师的腹腔镜技术水平得到了很大的提高.     

经脐部三孔法腹腔镜阑尾切除术的研究

目的探讨完全经脐部三孔法腹腔镜阑尾切除手术的可行性及美容效果。 方法958例急性阑尾炎患者随机分为完全经脐部三孔法腹腔镜组（研究组）479例和传统非全部经脐部三孔法腹腔镜组（对照组）479例。比较两组手术的临床指标及术后随访情况,并采用患者问卷方法评价美容效果。 结果两组手术均顺利完成。研究组和对照组手术时间分别为（48±2.2）min和（30±1.6）min（t=144.819,P<0.01）,差异有统计学意义,而术中出血量分别为（15±2.9）ml及（15±2.2）ml,下床活动时间分别为（26±3.1）h及（26±2.1）h,术后肛门排气时间分别为（29±2.1）h及（29±1.6）h,住院时间分别为（3±0.5）d及（3±0.3）d,综合费用分别为（6 589±42）元及（6 591±41）元,差异均无统计学意义。随访时间为1.7~4.8年,两组均无切口感染;止痛药使用频率分别为16.7%（80/479）和17.7%（85/479）,差异无统计学意义;患者美容满意度为优的比例分别占99.8%（478/479）和9.8%（47/479）,差异有统计学意义（χ²=782.84,P<0.01）。 结论经脐部三孔法腹腔镜阑尾切除术具有安全可行、腹部美容效果佳等优点,可作为急性阑尾炎的有效治疗方式之一。