痰湿证PCOS患者伴高雄激素血症268例分析

目的 通过比较不同水平雄激素状态下痰湿证PCOS患者的临床及生化特征,探索出痰湿证PCOS伴HA患者的临床特征,为疾病的个性化治疗和远期并发症的预防提供依据。方法 收集2014年12月~2017年8月黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院临床科研信息一体化系统中436例痰湿证PCOS患者,分为高雄组268例及非高雄组168例,对照组83例,分析并比较3组的临床特征及生化指标。结果 痰湿证PCOS+HA组的多毛、黑棘皮及溢脂发生率显著高于痰湿证PCOS+non-HA组（P<0.05）;与痰湿证PCOS+non-HA组相比,痰湿证PCOS+HA组的FSH及SHBG显著降低、LH及LH/FSH显著升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;痰湿证PCOS+HA组的TC、TG、LDL值显著高于痰湿证PCOS+non-HA组和对照组（P<0.05）;痰湿证PCOS+HA组的FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR值均显著高于痰湿证PCOS+non-HA组及对照组（P<0.05）。结论 痰湿证PCOS合并HA患者多毛、黑棘皮及溢脂发生率较高;痰湿证PCOS合并HA患者性激素代谢异常较重;痰湿证PCOS合并HA患者糖脂代谢紊乱较重。     

痰瘀互结型多囊卵巢综合征伴高雄激素血症患者的临床特征分析

目的 通过比较不同水平雄激素状态下痰瘀互结型PCOS的临床及生化特征,探索出痰瘀互结型PCOS伴高雄激素血症患者的临床特征,为疾病的个性化治疗和远期并发症的预防提供依据。方法 收集2015年5月~2016年5月黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院妇科门诊就诊的81例痰瘀互结型PCOS患者（高雄组53例,非高雄组28例）和55例对照组,分析和比较3组的临床生化各项指标。结果 3组间的临床特征比较：高雄组和非高雄组的多毛评分均高于对照组（P<0.05）,高雄组的多毛评分高于非高雄组;高雄组和非高雄组的黑棘皮、痤疮、溢脂评分均显著高于对照组明显高于对照组（P<0.05）;3组间性激素水平的比较：高雄组LH、FSH、LH/FSH、T、AND、SHBG、FAI值高于对照组（P<0.05）;高雄组LH、LH/FSH、T、AND、FAI高于非高雄组（P<0.05）;非高雄组FSH、T、SHBG高于对照组（P<0.05）。3组间糖脂代谢水平的比较高雄组FINS、HOMA-IR、TC、HDL、LDL、ApoB、ApoB/ApoA值高于对照组（P<0.05）;高雄组TC、ApoB、ApoB/ApoA高于非高雄组（P<0.05）;非高雄组LDL、ApoB/ApoA高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 痰瘀互结型PCOS患者其黑棘皮、痤疮、溢脂发生率较高;痰瘀互结型PCOS伴高雄激素血症患者具有较高的LH、LH/FSH,并易发生血脂代谢紊乱。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停不同亚型患者脂代谢紊乱的初步研究

目的 初步探索阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）不同亚型的脂代谢紊乱差异。方法 选取2017年1月—2019年12月就诊于郑州大学第一附属医院经多导睡眠监测（PSG）确诊的成年OSA患者848例。根据OSA严重程度及基于年龄、性别、绝经状态的不同亚型分组,比较各组血脂水平的差异。结果 男性比例、BMI、吸烟史和高血压病史、呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）随着OSA严重程度增加而逐渐升高（P <0.05）,夜间最低血氧饱和度（LSaO₂）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）随着OSA严重程度增加而逐渐降低（P <0.05）。非老年男性组AHI、TG高于非老年女性组,HDL、LSaO₂低于非老年女性组（P <0.05）;老年男性组LSaO₂高于老年女性组（P <0.05）;老年男性组AHI、TC）、TG、LDL低于非老年男性组,LSaO₂、HDL高于非老年男性组（P <0.05）;老年女性组AHI高于非老年女性组（P <0.05）。绝经后女性组AHI高于未绝经女性组（P <0.05）。高血压组AHI高于非高血压组,TC、HDL、LDL低于非高血压组（P <0.05）。结论 不同亚型OSA患者的血脂异常存在差异。OSA患者血脂异常与性别、年龄相关,非老年男性血脂变化更加显著。对OSA患者不同亚型分别进行综合评估,对于心脑血管并发症的管理有重要意义。     

血运重建优化策略对老年T2DM合并ACS冠脉多支病变患者预后的影响

目的 探讨血运重建优化策略对老年2型糖尿病（T2DM）合并急性冠脉综合征（ACS）冠脉多支病变（MVD）患者预后的影响。方法 根据不同血运重建策略将2015年1月至2016年5月行经皮冠脉介入术（PCI）的95例老年T2DM合并ACS的MVD患者分为完全血运重建（CR）组与部分血运重建（IR）组。比较两组基线资料、冠脉造影结果、介入治疗情况、术后1年主要心血管不良事件（MACE）及生活质量的差异。结果 两组性别、年龄、吸烟史、高血压病史、高脂血症病史、药物使用情况、冠脉造影结果比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;CR组置入支架数多于IR组（P<0.05）;术后1年全因死亡、心源性死亡、再次血运重建、非致死性心肌梗死发生率两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,CR组心绞痛复发率低于IR组（P<0.05）;CR组总体健康、生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、社会功能、情感职能、活力、精神健康差值（术后1年数值-术前数值）均高于IR组（P<0.05）。结论 IR和CR对老年T2DM合并ACS的MVD患者预后相当,但CR对改善心绞痛症状和提高患者生活质量较优。     

冠心病患者血清GGT、血脂、hs-CRP联合检测的临床价值

目的 探讨血清谷氨酰转肽酶（GGT）、血脂、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）联合检测在冠心病患者临床诊断中的价值。方法 选择入院期间行冠脉造影术后确诊的冠心病患者134例,非冠心病对照组38例。冠心病患者根据Gensini评分分为冠状动脉轻度狭窄组（A组）40例、中度狭窄组（B组）38例、重度狭窄组（C组）56例。检测各组患者年龄、性别、血清GGT、血脂、hs-CRP水平。结果 冠心病组血清血清GGT、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、hs-CRP水平均高于非冠心病组（P < 0.05）,冠心病组高密度脂蛋白（HDL）低于非冠心病组（P < 0.05）。B、C组血清GGT、TC、TG、LDL、hs-CRP水平均高于A组（P < 0.05）,B、C组血清HDL低于A组（P < 0.05）。C组血清GGT、TC、TG、LDL、hs-CRP水平均高于B组（P < 0.05）,C组血清HDL低于B组（P < 0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示血清GGT、TG、hs-CRP是冠心病的独立危险因素（P < 0.05）,HDL是冠心病的独立保护因素（P < 0.05）。结论 GGT、血脂、hs-CRP的联合检测在冠心病的诊断中具有重要价值。     

STZ诱导的2型与1型糖尿病大鼠模型的对比研究

目的 观察链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的2型与1型糖尿病大鼠模型的差异。方法 雄性SD大鼠,高脂高糖饲养6周后按35mg/kg单次腹腔注射2%STZ溶液建立2型糖尿病（T2DM）模型,普通饲料饲养6周后按60mg/kg单次腹腔注射2%STZ溶液建立1型糖尿病（T1DM）模型,设立正常对照组。检测大鼠体重、血糖、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、血脂谱及氧化型低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL）水平。结果 与正常组比较,糖尿病组大鼠的血糖、血脂和ox-LDL水平显著升高（P<0.01）;T1DM组体重显著下降（P<0.01）,T2DM组体重差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。T2DM组的体重、血脂谱及ox-LDL水平显著高于T1DM组（P <0.01）,血糖差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。结论 高脂、高糖喂养基础上单次腹腔注射STZ可成功诱导2型糖尿病大鼠模型,其体重及血脂异常显著高于1型糖尿病模型,近似于人类2型糖尿病。     

不同体质指数新诊断男性2型糖尿病患者25-羟维生素D水平及相关性分析

目的 分析新诊断男性2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者体内25-羟维生素D水平的变化,探讨其与体质指数（BMI）、胰岛素抵抗（IR）和胰岛β细胞功能的关系。方法 收集2018年1月至2019年12月中国科学技术大学附属第一医院（安徽省立医院）内分泌科住院新诊断男性T2DM患者84例作为T2DM组,选择同期在医院健康体检中心的男性体检者30例作为对照组。检测血清25（OH） D3、空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹胰岛素水平（FIns）等指标,并于75 g葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）或馒头餐试验后30、60和120 min采集静脉血检测血糖和胰岛素。结果 T2DM组血清25（OH） D₃水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。随着BMI水平增高,25（OH） D₃水平降低,胰岛β细胞功能指数（HOMA-β）呈下降趋势（P<0.05）,胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）呈上升趋势（P<0.05）。T2DM组行馒头餐或OGTT试验后不同时间的血糖、胰岛素、C肽水平差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。随时间的推移各数值均有上升趋势,组别和时间因素对血糖、胰岛素、c肽水平变化有交互作用（P<0.05）。25（OH） D3与BMI、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、HOMA-IR、HOMA-β呈负相关（P<0.05）。结论 低水平25（OH） D3可能与导致T2DM发病的IR及胰岛素敏感性下降有关。     

缺血性脑卒中患者胰岛素抵抗水平与颅内动脉狭窄的关系及影响因素分析

目的 研究胰岛素抵抗水平（IR）和缺血性脑卒中患者颅内动脉硬化性狭窄间的关系及影响因素分析。方法 选取2015年8月至2016年11月入住芜湖市第一人民医院急性缺血性脑卒中患者66例,经头颅MRA证实存在颅内动脉狭窄的38例为狭窄组,无颅内动脉狭窄的28例为无狭窄组,分别测定收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、尿酸（UA）、空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰岛素（FIN）、三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、同型半胱氨酸（HCY）、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA2-IR）等,比较两组患者各指标的差异,分析HOMA2-IR与上述指标相关性。结果 狭窄组患者SBP、LDL、UA、HOMA2-IR水平均高于无狭窄组（P<0.05）;HOMA2-IR与血压、TG、LDL呈正相关（P<0.05）;多因素logistic回归分析表明SBP、LDL、UA、HOMA2-IR与颅内动脉动脉粥样硬化性狭窄相关,是其危险因素（P<0.05）。结论 IR水平与颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄存在一定相关性,是其独立危险因素之一。     

肥胖痰湿体质多囊卵巢综合征患者临床特征分析

目的 通过比较肥胖痰湿体质与肥胖非痰湿体质多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者的临床特征及生化指标,揭示肥胖痰湿体质PCOS患者的临床代谢特征,为肥胖痰湿体质的PCOS患者的治疗提供理论依据。方法 选取临床科研信息共享系统内肥胖痰湿体质与肥胖非痰湿体质的PCOS患者,提取两组患者的临床体征及生化指标。结果 两组PCOS患者在年龄、身高、体重、体重指数、腰围、臀围、腰臀比、收缩压、舒张压方面组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组PCOS患者在FSH、LH/FSH方面,组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;在LH、T、DHEAS、AND、SHBG、FAI方面,两组间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。肥胖痰湿体质的PCOS患者5点血糖、180min胰岛素水平明显高于非痰湿体质的PCOS患者。结论 痰湿体质的多囊卵巢综合征患者更易发生糖脂代谢异常,临床中应重视糖耐量试验和胰岛素释放实验,以便尽早对糖耐量受损、糖尿病等远期并发症进行防治。     

2型糖尿病及其并发症与自主神经功能的关系探讨

目的 探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）及其并发症与自主神经功能的关系。方法 随机选取260例T2DM患者,采用QHRV1-心率变异分析系统进行自主神经功能分析,并对受试者进行周围神经、眼底、尿微量白蛋白的检测。选取同一时期体检的135例正常人,进行QHRV1系统的检查。结果 T2DM患者心率变异性（HRV）的指标SDNN、rMSSD、PNN50、VLF、LF、HF较正常对照组均明显降低（P均<0.01）;T2DM合并冠心病（CAD）组患者的SDNN、rMSSD、PNN50、LF、HF均低于无CAD的T2DM组,交感-副交感神经功能紊乱的百分比高于无CAD的T2DM组（P<0.05）;T2DM并发症较多的观察组SDNN、rMSSD、PNN50、VLF、LF、HF均低于无并发症或并发症较少的观察组,交感-副交感神经紊乱的百分比高于无并发症或并发症较少的观察组（P<0.05或P<0.01）;T2DM并发症的数量与BMI、T2DM病程、自主神经功能紊乱、甘油三酯、SBP呈正相关（P<0.05或P<0.01）;校正性别、年龄、HbA1c、FBG、肝肾功能后,进行多元线性回归分析显示,BMI、T2DM病程、自主神经功能紊乱仍与T2DM并发症的数量密切相关（R²=0.272,P均<0.01）。结论 T2DM患者的心率变异性较正常人降低,自主神经功能的紊乱与冠心病、T2DM微血管以及周围神经病变等并发症的增加有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.