Suppression of the degradation of adenine nucleotides during ischemia may not be a sufficient mechanism for infarct size limitation by preconditioning

Preconditioning is known to decelerate degradation of the tissue adenine nucleotides during ischemia and to delay ischemic myocardial necrosis. However, it is not known whether these two phenomena are related. To obtain an insight into this question, the present study examined whether adenosine and B2 receptor antagonists, which block the infarct size-limiting effect of preconditioning, modify the interstitial purine levels during preconditioning and subsequent sustained ischemia. In pentobarbital anesthetized open-chest rabbits, a microdialysis probe was placed in the territory of a branch of the left coronary artery, and perfused with Ringer solution. Preconditioning was performed with 5 min ischemia/5 min reperfusion. Dialysate adenosine and inosine were elevated from the baseline values of 0.064±0.011 and 0.329±0.044M to 0.189±0.069 and 4.106±1.451 M, respectively during preconditioning, but their elevation during a subsequent 20 min of ischemia was significantly lower compared with that in the non-preconditioned myocardium. This suppression of the purine accumulation during ischemia by preconditioning was not abolished by 2 g/kg of Hoe 140, a specific B2 receptor antagonist, or by 10 mg/kg of 8-phenyltheophylline, a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist. Since the doses of Hoe 140 and 8-phenyltheophylline are sufficient to block the infarct size-limiting effect of preconditioning, the present results suggest that there is a dissociation between the suppression of adenine nucleotide degradation during ischemia by preconditioning and the enhancement of myocardial resistance against infarction. Thus, it is unlikely that a reduction of adenine nucleotide utilization by preconditioning is sufficient to protect the myocardium against ischemic necrosis.     

Effect of adenosine deaminase inhibition with pentostatin on myocardial stunning in dogs

Pentostatin (2-deoxycoformycin) is a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase and has been demonstrated to augment endogenous adenosine levels during regional and global myocardial ischemia. Based on the rationale that increasing endogenous adenosine during ischemia may be cardioprotective, the objective of this study was to determine if adenosine deaminase inhibition with pentostatin could improve postischemic contractile dysfunction (stunning) in open-chest anesthetized dogs. All animals underwent 15 min of coronary occlusion followed by 3 h of reperfusion preceded by an intravenous bolus of either 0.2 mg/kg of pentostatin (n=8) or saline (n=7). Sonomicrometers were plced in the ischemic area and were used to measure systolic wall thickening before, during, and after occlusion of the left anterior descending artery. Myocardial blood flow was measured with tracer labeled microspheres at baseline, 10 min of occlusion and at 1 h of reperfusion. Both groups were equally dyskinetic during occlusion (–21±5% of baseline thickening in the controls and –28±8% in the pentostatin group). The pentostatin group, however, demonstrated better contractile function at all time points during reperfusion, which was significantly different from the control group at 3 h of reperfusion. The improvement in regional function in the pentostatin group was not due to significant disparities in hemodynamic variables, size of the region at risk, or in collateral blood flow. These results indicate that pentostatin can ameliorate the severity of myocardial stunning, an effect we propose is due to increasing endogenous levels of adenosine during the ischemic interval. Although significant improvement was detected with pentostatin, the improvement was modest compared to controls, suggesting that the utility of inhibiting adenosine deaminase to modify regional mechanical stunning is limited.Presented in part at the 1993 American Heart Association Scientific Sessions in Atlanta, GA     

脑脊液腺苷脱氨酶检测对结核性脑膜炎的诊断价值

目的：探讨脑脊液腺苷脱氨酶（ ADA）在结核性脑膜炎诊断中的价值。方法对结核性脑膜炎患者治疗前后脑脊液ADA的含量进行比较和分析。结果结核性脑膜炎患者早期ADA含量增高,随病情好转ADA含量下降。结论脑脊液ADA含量检测对结核性脑膜炎的诊断、疗效观察、预后有重要的价值。     

112例老年性胸腔积液C反应蛋白和腺苷脱氨酶水平检测及其临床意义

目的探讨C反应蛋白(CRP)和腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)在老年性胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的价值。方法对112例老年性胸腔积液患者(其中结核性42例,癌性36例,炎性34例)的临床资料进行回顾性分析,并对各组的CRP和ADA水平进行比较。结果结核性胸腔积液CRP水平明显高于癌性胸腔积液,差异有统计学意义[(38.9±14.3)mg/Lvs(8.9±2.1)mg/L,P<0.01],而与炎性组差别无统计学意义[(38.9±14.3)mg/Lvs(34.7±12.7)mg/L,P>0.05];结核性胸腔积液ADA水平明显高于癌性胸腔积液与炎性胸腔积液,差异有统计学意义[(31.2±12.1)U/Lvs(14.1 8.2)U/L、(13.9±5.3)U/L,P<0.01]。结论联合检测CRP和ADA对老年结核性和癌性胸腔积液具有鉴别诊断价值。     

腺苷脱氨酶对结核性胸膜炎诊断价值的荟萃分析

目的许多研究发现胸腔积液中腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)有助于结核性胸膜炎的早期诊断。我们拟通过此次荟萃分析以确定ADA对结核性胸膜炎的诊断价值。方法对英文文献进行系统评价,用随机效应模型汇总各研究中ADA诊断结核性胸膜炎的灵敏度、特异度以及其它指标,绘制汇总受试者工作特征曲线并探讨其诊断特性。结果按照选择标准最终有61项独立研究纳入本次荟萃分析,ADA诊断结核性胸膜炎的总体灵敏度0.92(95%可信区间为0.91～0.93);特异度0.90(0.89～0.91);阳性似然比8.82(7.05～11.04),阴性似然比0.10(0.07～0.14);诊断优势比:105.15(68.38～167.89)。结论ADA诊断结核性胸膜炎的灵敏度、特异度均较高,测量胸腔积液中的ADA有助于诊断结核性胸膜炎。分析ADA测定结果应该与临床所见以及常规检验结果相结合。     

胸液蛋白电泳及腺苷脱氨酶在结核性与恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的应用

目的对结核性及恶性胸腔积液患者的胸液蛋白电泳进行分析及ADA检测，探讨二者在结核性胸腔积液与恶性胸腔积液诊断中的应用价值。方法对36例结核性胸腔积液患者及38例恶性胸腔积液患者的胸液标本行琼脂糖凝胶蛋白电泳并应用比色法检测腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）浓度。结果结核性胸腔积液组与恶性胸腔积液组的胸液a．球蛋白分别为4．32±1．35和3．41±0．97（P〈0．05），α2球蛋白分别为8．98±1．50和6．01±1．53（P〈0．000），0t2球蛋白／白蛋白的比值分别为0．155-0．03和0．09±0．03（P〈0．000），ADA分别为71．35±24．00和31．21±11．90（P〈0．000）。根据ROC曲线结果判断分别取0．13及45为界值，计算α2球蛋白／白蛋白对诊断结核性胸腔积液的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为76％、89％、83％；ADA的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为82％、78％、80％。采用平行试验方法，联合α2球蛋白／白蛋白和ADA指标，其敏感性、特异性和准确性分别达到88％，100％和94％。结论（1）结核性胸腔积液患者的胸液∞球蛋白、α2球蛋白、α2球蛋白／白蛋白的比值及ADA均高于肿瘤组，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。（2）联合检测α2球蛋白／白蛋白和ADA可以提高结核性胸腔积液诊断的敏感性、特异性和准确性。     

胸液蛋白电泳及腺苷脱氨酶在结核性与恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的应用

目的对结核性及恶性胸腔积液患者的胸液蛋白电泳进行分析及ADA检测,探讨二者在结核性胸腔积液与恶性胸腔积液诊断中的应用价值。方法对36例结核性胸腔积液患者及38例恶性胸腔积液患者的胸液标本行琼脂糖凝胶蛋白电泳并应用比色法检测腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)浓度。结果结核性胸腔积液组与恶性胸腔积液组的胸液α₁球蛋白分别为4.32±1.35和3.41±0.97(P＜0.05),α₂球蛋白分别为8.98±1.50和6.01±1.53(P＜0.000),α₂球蛋白/白蛋白的比值分别为0.15±0.03和0.09±0.03(P＜0.000),ADA分别为71.35±24.00和31.21±11.90(P＜0.000)。根据ROC曲线结果判断分别取0.13及45为界值,计算α₂球蛋白/白蛋白对诊断结核性胸腔积液的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为76%、89%、83%;ADA的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为82%、78%、80%。采用平行试验方法,联合α₂球蛋白/白蛋白和ADA指标,其敏感性、特异性和准确性分别达到88%,100%和94%。结论(1)结核性胸腔积液患者的胸液α₁球蛋白、α₂球蛋白、α₂球蛋白/白蛋白的比值及ADA均高于肿瘤组,差异有显著性(P＜0.05)。(2)联合检测α₂球蛋白/白蛋白和ADA可以提高结核性胸腔积液诊断的敏感性、特异性和准确性。     

IgG4-related disease manifesting as pericarditis with elevated adenosine deaminase and IL-10 levels in pericardial fluid

A 78-year-old female with massive pericardial effusion fulfilled diagnostic criteria for immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease. Although her adenosine deaminase (ADA) level in the pericardial effusion was high, all the tests for tuberculosis infection were negative. Immunostaining of the pericardium biopsy specimen revealed remarkably increased IgG4-positive cells. This is the first report describing IgG4-related pericarditis with elevated ADA level. We also demonstrate the elevated interleukin-10 (IL-10) level in pericardial fluid and IL-10-producing T-cells in the pericardium.     

腺苷脱氨酶及IL-22对结核性胸膜炎诊断价值的探究

目的探讨胸腔积液中腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)和白细胞介素22(IL-22)检测对结核性胸膜炎(TPE)的诊断价值.方法对2015年10月至2017年8月在河北大学附属医院呼吸内科住院的108例胸腔积液患者的临床资料进行分析,最终有104例患者经内科胸腔镜确诊,其中TPE患者38例,恶性胸腔积液患者40例,类肺炎性胸腔积液患者26例;对胸腔积液中ADA和IL-22水平进行统计分析.结果(1)108例患者经胸腔镜直视下取病理活检的诊断率为96.3%(104/108).(2)TPE组中ADA和IL-22水平均显著高于恶性胸腔积液组和类肺炎性胸腔积液组,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);胸腔积液中ADA和IL-22诊断TPE的敏感度和特异度分别为92.1%和87.9%,78.9%和90.9%.(3)受试者工作特征曲线结果显示,胸腔积液ADA和IL-22诊断TPE的曲线下面积分别为0.904和0.914,最佳诊断阈值分别为34.4 U/L和44.28 ng/L.(4)两者平行试验的敏感度和特异度分别为98.3%、79.9%,敏感度较单独检测提高;系列试验的敏感度和特异度分别为72.2%、98.9%,特异度较单独检测提高.结论(1)内科胸腔镜是一项操作简便、创伤小、并发症少的操作方法,可作为TPE的早期诊断与鉴别诊断;(2)胸腔积液ADA和IL-22水平对诊断TPE具有一定价值,可作为临床辅助诊断TPE的实验室指标;(3)ADA和IL-22联合检测可提高TPE的诊断率.     

血清新蝶呤与腺苷脱氨酶在继发性噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症患者中的临床意义

目的 探讨继发性噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症(sHLH)患者血清中新蝶呤(Npt)及腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)的水平及临床意义.方法 收集39例初诊sHLH患者血清及其中10例治疗后获得临床缓解患者的血清和15例健康人的血清.采用ELISA方法检测血清Npt水平,用速率法测定血清ADA活性.结果 39例初诊sHLH患者血清Npt水平及ADA活性均显著高于正常对照组[Npt:(164.6±90.0)nmol/L比(7.9±3.6) nmol/L; ADA:(117.2±70.2) U/L比(11.6±4.0) U/L;P值均＜0.001].10例获得临床缓解的sHLH患者治疗后血清Npt水平及ADA活性均较治疗前显著下降[Npt:(17.5±10.9) nmol/L比(170.6±117.9) nmol/L;ADA:(22.5±15.5) U/L比(98.8±52.6)U/L;P值均＜0.05].sHLH患者血清Npt水平与血清可溶性IL-2受体(sCD25)及铁蛋白呈正相关(r =0.526、0.507),血清ADA活性与乳酸脱氢酶呈正相关(r=0.646).血清Npt以148.1nmol/L为最佳临界值时,其判断淋巴瘤相关噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症(LAHS)的敏感度和特异度分别为70.0％和78.9％;ADA以103.1 U/L为最佳临界值时,其判断LAHS的敏感度和特异度分别为75.0％和84.2％;Npt和ADA联合检测的敏感度为90.0％,特异度为94.7％.结论 血清Npt和ADA在sHLH患者的诊断及疗效评估等方面具有重要意义.Npt和ADA可以为疑似LAHS患者提供新的参考指标.     

Role of ascites adenosine deaminase in differentiating between tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis

AIM: To investigate the usefulness of tumor markers and adenosine deaminase in differentiating between tuberculous peritonitis (TBP) and peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC).METHODS: A retrospective analysis of data was performed on consecutive patients who underwent peritoneoscopic and abdominal computed tomography (CT) evaluations. Among 75 patients at the Seoul National University Hospital from January 2000 to June 2010 who underwent both tests, 27 patients (36.0%) and 25 patients (33.3%) were diagnosed with TBP and PC, respectively. Diagnosis was confirmed by peritoneoscopic biopsy.RESULTS: Serum c-reactive protein (7.88 ± 6.62 mg/dL vs 3.12 ± 2.69 mg/dL, P = 0.01), ascites adenosine deaminase (66.76 ± 32.09 IU/L vs 13.89 ± 8.95 IU/L, P < 0.01), ascites lymphocyte proportion (67.77 ± 23.41% vs 48.36 ± 18.78%, P < 0.01), and serum-ascites albumin gradient (0.72 ± 0.49 g/dL vs 1.05 ± 0.50 g/dL, P = 0.03) were significantly different between the two groups. Among tumor markers, serum and ascites carcinoembryonic antigen, serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 showed significant difference between two groups. Abdominal CT examinations showed that smooth involvement of the parietal peritoneum was more common in the TBP group (77.8% vs 40.7%) whereas nodular involvement was more common in the PC group (14.8% vs 40.7%, P = 0.04). From receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves ascites adenosines deaminase (ADA) showed better discriminative capability than tumor markers. An ADA cut-off level of 21 IU/L was found to yield the best results of differential diagnosis; sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 92.0%, 85.0%, 88.5% and 89.5%, respectively.CONCLUSION: Besides clinical and radiologic findings, ascitic fluid ADA measurement is helpful in the differential diagnosis of TBP and PC.     

腺苷脱氨酶与溶菌酶检测在诊断结核性胸腔积液中的价值

评价腺苷脱氨酶与溶菌酶检测时结核性胸腔积液的诊断价值。对108例诊断明确的胸腔积液患者进行胸水腺苷脱氨酶及胸水溶菌酶与血清溶菌酶之比值测定。结果结核性胸腔积液患者胸水中腺苷脱氨酶含量明显高于癌性胸腔积液组(P<0.05),胸水溶菌酶与血清溶菌酶之比明显高于癌性胸腔积液组(P<0.01)。     

腺苷脱氨酶诊断结核性胸膜炎价值的再评价

目的 探讨胸腔积液和血清中腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)对鉴别结核性胸膜炎及恶性胸腔积液的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析91例经内科胸腔镜胸膜活检病理确诊为结核性胸腔积液(结核组49例)和恶性胸腔积液(恶性组42例)患者的胸腔积液及血清中ADA活性,应用受试者工作曲线(ROC曲线)确定结核性胸膜炎患者胸腔积液ADA的最佳临界值.结果 结核组胸腔积液ADA活性和胸腔积液ADA与血清ADA比值分别为(46±26)U/L和4.1±4.0,明显高于恶性组的(16±8)U/L和1.7±1.2,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为7.383和3.852,均P＜0.01),结核组和恶性组的血清ADA活性分别为(13±5)U/L和(12±6)U/L,差异无统计学意义(t=1.582,P＞0.05).应用ROC曲线确定胸腔积液ADA诊断结核性胸膜炎的最佳临界值为28.7 U/L,灵敏度为75.5%,特异度为95.2%.结论 胸腔积液ADA活性可以作为鉴别结核性和恶性胸腔积液的重要指标,对结核性胸膜炎有较高的临床诊断价值,而血清ADA活性对鉴别两者无临床意义.     

胸腔积液腺苷脱氨酶对内科胸腔镜检查临床病例选择的意义

目的 探讨胸腔积液腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)对内科胸腔镜检查临床病例选择的意义.方法 回顾性分析2013年1月至2016年4月经内科胸腔镜检查的不明原因胸腔积液患者198例,分为青年组、中年组和老年组,以胸腔积液ADA≥45 U/L或ADA≥45 U/L联合淋巴细胞占白细胞比例≥50％作为诊断结核性胸膜炎的标准,确定其敏感度和特异度,并分析性别、年龄对ADA的影响.结果 内科胸腔镜对不明原因胸腔积液的诊断率为98.9％.胸腔积液ADA≥45 U/L诊断结核性胸膜炎的敏感度68.7％,特异度88.1％;胸腔积液ADA≥45 U/L联合淋巴细胞占白细胞比例≥50％诊断结核性胸膜炎的敏感度70.2％,特异度96.3％,尤其是在青年组,其诊断特异度达100％.结论 对于不明原因胸腔积液的青年患者,如果胸腔积液ADA≥45 U/L且淋巴细胞占白细胞比例≥50％,可考虑诊断性抗结核治疗;对中老年不明原因胸腔积液,建议常规行内科胸腔镜检查,避免误诊.     

腺苷脱氨酶与胸腔镜相比对结核性胸腔积液的诊断价值

目的 以内科胸腔镜为金标准,评价结核性胸腔积液中腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)的浓度及其对结核性胸腔积液的诊断价值.方法 连续入选2010年1月至2012年1月间在青岛大学医学院第二附属医院就诊并经内科胸腔镜检查确诊病因的胸腔积液患者102例,包括52例结核性胸腔积液和50例非结核性胸腔积液患者,比较两组胸腔积液中ADA浓度的差别,使用ROC法探索ADA最佳临界值并评价其诊断效能.结果 ①结核性胸腔积液组的ADA浓度高于非结核性胸腔积液组,分别为(40.3±9.3)U/L和(23.9±9.5)U/L,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);②ROC曲线分析结果显示ADA可以很好地区分结核性胸腔积液和非结核性胸腔积液,采用Youden指数法确定34.5 U/L为鉴别结核性胸腔积液和非结核性胸腔积液的最佳临界值;③以胸腔镜检查为金标准,ADA＞34.5 U/L为诊断结核性胸腔积液指标,则敏感度为80.8％,特异度为90.0％,准确率为85.3％.结论 与胸腔镜相比,胸腔积液ADA浓度是诊断结核性胸腔积液的重要指标,二者具有较高的一致性.     

内科胸腔镜联合腺苷脱氨酶及T-SPOT.TB对结核性胸膜炎的诊断价值

目的 探讨内科胸腔镜、胸腔积液腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)及结核感染T细胞斑点试验(T-SPOT.TB)检测对结核性胸膜炎的临床诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析2015年6月至2016年6月在我院住院的49例经内科胸腔镜病理确诊的结核性胸膜炎患者的临床资料,对其胸腔镜镜下改变、胸腔积液T-SPOT.TB、ADA检测结果进行统计分析.结果 ①结核性胸膜炎镜下直接诊断率为83.7%,结核性胸膜炎的镜下主要表现为胸膜充血水肿、增厚黏连、弥漫性或孤立的粟粒样结节、干酪样坏死灶等;②T-SPOT.TB、ADA检测的敏感度、特异度分别为91.8%、72.7%,61.2%、87.9%.两项平行联合检测的敏感度为98.0%,与ADA检测相比,敏感度升高,差异有统计学意义(X2=16.06,P=0.00),与T-SPOT.TB检测相比,差异无明显统计学意义(X2=1.33,P=0.25).两项系列联合检测的特异度为97.0%,与ADA检测相比,特异度差异无统计学意义(X2=1.33,P=0.25),与T-SPOT.TB相比,特异度升高,差异有统计学意义(X2=6.13,P=0.01).结论 ①内科胸腔镜检查具有高效、安全、易操作等优点,经内科胸腔镜镜下诊断可以作为早期诊断结核性胸膜炎的一项辅助检查手段;②T-SPOT.TB、ADA对诊断结核性胸腔积液具有辅助诊断价值,两项联合可以提高诊断效能;③内科胸腔镜镜下诊断、T-SPOT.TB、ADA三项联合可以提高结核性胸膜炎的诊断率,具有重要的辅助诊断价值.     

Evaluation of usefulness of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase in diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion from empyema

ObjectiveTo evaluate the utility of adenosine deaminase activity in the pleural fluid for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion from empyema of non-tubercular origin.MethodA retrospective analysis of data was performed on patients who were diagnosed to have tuberculous pleural effusion and empyema of non tubercular origin. Among 46 patients at Kasturba Hospital, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India, from November 2012 to February 2013 who underwent pleural fluid adenosine deaminase estimation, 25 patients with tuberculous pleural effusion and 21 patients with empyema were diagnosed respectively. Adenosine deaminase in pleural fluid is estimated using colorimetric, Galanti and Guisti method.ResultsPleural fluid Adenosine Deaminase levels among tuberculous pleural effusion(109.38±53.83), empyema (141.20±71.69) with P=0.27.ConclusionPleural fluid adenosine deaminase alone cannot be used as a marker for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion.