布-加综合征肾静脉开口以上下腔静脉闭塞介入治疗效果

【摘要】 目的 评价布- 加综合征（BCS）肾静脉开口以上下腔静脉闭塞介入治疗的效果。 方法 回顾性分析28例BCS肾静脉开口以上下腔静脉闭塞患者临床资料。所有患者均经右颈内静脉途径和右股静脉途径行下腔静脉开通治疗；22例经右颈内静脉途径，6例联合经皮经肝途径施行肝静脉开通治疗。术后采用彩色多普勒超声随访，观察下腔静脉和肝静脉畅通情况。 结果 28例患者介入手术均获成功，下腔静脉单纯球囊扩张术16例，支架植入12例。开通1支肝静脉17例，开通2支肝静脉11例。术后造影均显示下腔静脉、肝静脉血流通畅，无血管破裂出血等并发症发生。28例患者随访6～79个月，平均（42.6±24.5）个月。下腔静脉单纯球囊扩张患者再闭塞率为43.8%（7/16），下腔静脉支架植入患者再闭塞率为8.3%（1/12），差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；肝静脉再闭塞率为28.6%（8/28）。 结论 BCS肾静脉开口以上下腔静脉闭塞介入治疗安全有效，下腔静脉长段闭塞支架植入疗效优于球囊扩张。     

Budd-Chiari综合征肝静脉闭塞的介入治疗

目的　评价Budd Chiari综合征患者肝静脉闭塞介入治疗方法及中远期疗效。方法42例Budd Chiari综合征患者 ,男 17例 ,女 2 5例 ,年龄 18～ 5 7岁 (平均 34 5岁 ) ;肝功能ChildA级 2 3例 ,B级 6例 ,C级 13例。共计 92条肝静脉闭塞 ,其中左肝静脉 2 9条 ,中肝静脉 2 4条 ,右肝静脉 36条 ,副肝静脉 3条。34例伴有下腔静脉狭窄或闭塞。肝静脉治疗方法包括 :( 1)闭塞肝静脉穿通 (经颈、股静脉、经皮肝穿肝静脉或上述两种途径并用 ) ;( 2 )球囊导管扩张 ;( 3)内支架置入。 32例同时行下腔静脉经皮腔内血管成形术 (PTA)或内支架治疗。结果　 40例患者的 40条肝静脉均成功开通。PTA治疗后 8例置入内支架。 32例下腔静脉均获通畅。术前肝静脉压力为 34 5cmH2 O ( 2 5 .0～ 48.0cmH2 O) ( 1cmH2 O =0 .0 98kPa) ,术后降为 2 2 0cmH2 O( 12 .0～ 35 .0cmH2 O) (T =11.5 0 ,P <0 0 1)。术后患者症状体征完全缓解 32例 ,8例部分缓解。随访 1～ 5 4个月 (平均 2 7 5个月 ) ,1例因肝功能衰竭术后 1个月死亡 ,2例因肝静脉闭塞经 2次介入治疗再次获得开通。 5例未再接受复查和治疗。余32例均无症状再发 ,超声检查均无肝静脉再闭塞发生 (平均 2 8 9个月 )。结论 ( 1)肝静脉闭塞介入治疗方法多样 ,可综合应用 ;( 2 )介入治     

经颈内静脉肝内门腔静脉分流术治疗BuddChiari综合征

目的探讨经颈静脉肝内门腔静脉分流术(TIPS)治疗Budd-Chiari综合征(BCS)的疗效。方法本组14例患者经影像学检查确诊为BCS,因进行性肝功能损害,或严重门脉高压并发症(顽固性腹水,食管胃底静脉曲张上消化道出血),或广泛肝静脉闭塞而行TIPS术治疗。其中混合型8例,肝静脉型5例,肝静脉广泛闭塞型1例。TIPS术中对于下腔静脉、肝静脉的不同情况,灵活选择肝静脉或下腔静脉穿刺点进行穿刺,7例从肝静脉开口处行门静脉穿刺,建立门-腔静脉分流道,4例从下腔静脉直接穿刺门静脉分支,3例经皮穿刺开通肝右静脉后再经肝右静脉穿刺门静脉。术后对分流道支架开通情况进行长期随访。结果14例手术均获成功,门静脉压力由术前平均(4.9±1.4)kPa,降至术后(3.2±1.5)kPa,术后随访5～64个月,2例因支架狭窄分别于术后13、24个月再发上消化道出血,行分流道球囊扩张治疗,术后恢复良好。结论TIPS适用BCS合并有进行性肝功能损害或门静脉高压引起的上消化道出血、顽固性腹水的治疗。对于已行下腔静脉或肝静脉成形术后再发或加重的门静脉高压患者亦为适应证,但手术难度增加。     

肝静脉型Budd-Chiari综合征的介入治疗

目的　探讨肝静脉型Budd Chiari综合征介入治疗方法选择和疗效的评估。方法　 36例肝静脉型Budd Chiari综合征患者 ,肝功能Child分级 :A级 9例 ,B级 2 1例 ,C级 6例。术前常规行腹部彩超检查及胃镜检查 ,31例患者行CT扫描及肝脏血管重建。介入治疗方法 :经颈静脉 (股静脉 ) 下腔静脉途径行肝静脉 (或副肝静脉 )开通 ;经皮经肝穿刺肝静脉途径行肝静脉开通 ;经颈静脉行肝内门 腔静脉支架分流术 (改良式TIPS)。术中常规行肝静脉、门静脉造影和测压和下腔静脉造影 ,术后给予护肝、抗感染及长期口服阿司匹林和双嘧达莫抗凝治疗。结果　 19例患者行肝静脉球囊扩张术 ,其中 14例患者扩张后置入网状内支架共 18枚。 5例患者经股静脉穿刺行副肝静脉球囊扩张术 ,其中 4例患者扩张后共置入网状内支架 4枚。 2 4例患者术后肝静脉 (或副肝静脉 )压力均明显降低 ,术前肝静脉 (或副肝静脉 )压力为 (37.4± 5 .2 )cmH2 O(2 6 .3～ 5 2 .5cmH2 O) ,PTA或内支架置入术后即刻降为 (2 1.4± 4 .6 )cmH2 O(12 .4～ 31.2cmH2 O) (T =12 .34,P <0 .0 1)。 12例患者行改良式TIPS术 ,分流前门静脉主干压力为 (4 5 .2± 3.5 )cmH2 O ,分流后降至 (2 0 .4± 4 .1)cmH2 O。结论　肝静脉型Budd Chiari综合征可根据肝静脉闭塞和肝内侧     

穿刺套针在布-加综合征介入治疗中的应用

目的　探讨穿刺套针在布 加综合征 (BCS)介入治疗中的应用价值。方法　对 16例血管造影诊断BCS的患者进行介入治疗。 5例肝静脉膜性阻塞为主及 9例下腔静脉完全性阻塞患者使用穿刺套针经颈静脉或股静脉穿刺破膜并行球囊扩张术或 (和 )内支架置入术。结果　 14例穿刺套针均成功越过阻塞部位 ,16例PTA或内支架置入后造影证实阻塞段已开通 ,肝静脉压力平均下降 1.85kPa ,下腔静脉压力平均下降 1.2 1kPa。结论　穿刺套针的应用显著提高了BCS介入治疗的成功率。     

第二肝门重建术治疗肝静脉阻塞型Budd-Chiari综合征

目的 分析和评价第二肝门重建术治疗肝静脉阻塞型布-加综合征(Buddi-Chiari syndrom,BCS)的可行性和中远期疗效.资料与方法 自1999年1月至2008年12月收治的肝静脉阻塞型或肝静脉阻塞伴下腔静脉阻塞的BCS患者,单独应用副肝静脉成形术或分别联合肝静脉成形术、下腔静脉成形术的方法治疗的27例患者,在副肝静脉成形术和肝静脉成形术前后经导管测定副肝静脉、肝静脉压力,观察围手术期并发症,并观察术后6、12、24、36个月受干预血管的通畅率.结果 27例中26例成功,副肝静脉成形术成功率达96%,术中3例出现心慌、胸闷症状,急性肺栓塞1例,均经保守治疗痊愈.26例随访,术后6、12、24及36个月受干预血管的初始再通率分别为96.2%、88.5%、76.9%及73.1%.结论 第二肝门重建术是治疗肝静脉阻塞型BCS行之有效的方法,在肝静脉阻塞型BCS介入治疗中应灵活运用.     

自展式血管内支架治疗Budd—Chiari综合征

笔者报告9例在经皮腔内血管成形术(PTA)基础上置入自展式血管内支架(stent)治疗 Budd-Chiari syndrome(BCS)的研究结果。下腔静脉支架7例,副肝右静脉支架1例,下腔静脉及肝左静脉双支架1例。下腔静脉平均压力术前为3.54±0.91kPa(1mmH_2o=0.098kPa),术后即刻降为2.025±0.98kPa,术后随访1～8个月(平均2.6个月),下腔静脉保持通畅,支架扩张良好,无移位。主要临床症状和体征消失者7例,明显改善者2例,无严重并发症发生。笔者还讨论了 BCS 内支架置入的适应症和副肝右静脉肝左静脉置入支架的临床意义。     

球囊成形术治疗布-加综合征的疗效观察

近年来，介入治疗布-加综合征(BCS)成为介入放射学的一个研究热点。随着经验和教训的积累，介入治疗技术的成功率均有了明显的提高，所采用的方法也在逐渐增多，目前主要有球囊扩张成形术(PTA)，内支架置入术，肝静脉开通术，以及经颈静脉肝内门腔静脉分流术(TIPSS)，其中PTA技术被公认为治疗BCS的首选方案。     

178例布-加氏综合征的介入治疗

目的:评价布-加氏综合征介入性治疗的价值。方法:178例布-加氏综合征均经B超和肝静脉、下腔静脉造影确诊。根据不同病变类型采用了经股静脉或股静脉-颈静脉入路行球囊扩张成形术(PTA)或/和血管内支架(EMS)植入术。对完全闭塞病例,实施了三种破膜或闭塞段开通术。结果:66例不完全性狭窄的病例经股静脉入路治疗,成功率为100%(66/66),其中单纯PTA36例,PTA 内支架植入术30例。112例完全闭塞病例,闭塞段或膜开通成功率为98.21%(110/112),其中经股静脉顺行开通110例,经颈静脉贯穿法开通2例,单纯PTA51例;PTA 内支架植入术59例。治疗后下腔静脉压下降明显,单纯球囊扩张组平均值为14.7cm水柱,球囊扩张 支架植入组平均值为16cm水柱。术后随访3年再狭窄率为5%(9/176)。其中1例死亡,未出现严重并发症。结论:介入治疗布-加氏综合征是一种简便、安全、有效的方法。     

Budd-Chiari综合征介入治疗的临床疗效评价

目的 评价不同类型Budd-Chiari综合征(BCS)介入治疗的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析159例经超声和选择性静脉造影确诊的BCS患者的临床资料,对其中147例资料完整者进行临床疗效评价.根据新的影像学分型,147例患者中,13.6/(20例)为单纯肝静脉阻塞型,66.0/(97例)为下腔静脉膜性阻寨型,6.1/(9例)为下腔静脉膜性闭塞伴远端腔内巨大血栓形成型,14.3/(21例)为下腔静脉节段性阻塞型.根据病变类型分别对147例BCS患者进行了介入治疗,包括经导管局部溶栓术、经皮腔内血管成形术(PTA)、血管内支架置入术和改良式经皮经肝门体静脉分流术(MTIPS)等.术中根据静脉造影图像判断肝静脉回流改善情况.对147例患者平均随访了(67.3±9.0)个月(16 h至104个月),随访内容包括忠者的症状、体征、肝功能检查结果和超声检查结果,评价介入治疗的首次开通率与再次治疗开通率,同时对所有患者的肝功能水平进行Child-Push评分与分级.术前与末次随访评分差异用配对样本均数t检验进行统计学评估.结果 PTA的首次治疗开通率为65.6/(86/131),再次治疗开通率为96.9/(124/128).血管内支架置入术的首次开通率为78.9/(15/19),再次开通率为92.3/(24/26).Ⅰ例Ⅲa型BCS患者在下腔静脉开通后72 h死于不明原因的咯血、1例Ⅰ b型BCS患者MTIPS术后16 h死于弥漫性血管内凝血、Ⅰ例Ⅳ b型BCS患者在接受MTIPS术后13个月死于肝功能衰竭.另有12例患者分别在术后7～79个月死于与介入治疗无关的其他原因.末次随访,存活患者肝功能明显改善,平均Child-Push评分由术前的8分降低至5分(t=2.017,P＜0.05).结论 应用多种血管介入技术治疗BCS可获得满意的临床疗效.     

不同类型Budd-Chiari综合征的介入治疗(附200例分析)

目的探讨不同类型Ｂｕｄｄ－Ｃｈｉａｒｉ综合征（ＢＣＳ）介入治疗方法，评价经皮穿刺球囊扩张术（ＰＴＡ）和内支架（ｓｔｅｎｔ）治疗Ｂｕｄｄ－Ｃｈｉａｒｉ综合征的价值。材料与方法８年中诊治Ｂｕｄｄ－Ｃｈｉａｒｉ综合征患者２００例。介入治疗方法包括：下腔静脉球囊扩张术，下腔静脉球囊扩张和血管内支架放置术，经颈静脉行肝静脉成形术，经皮经肝和经颈静脉行肝静脉成形术，副肝静脉成形术，下腔静脉和肝静脉双球囊扩张术，下腔静脉和肝静脉双支架放置术。结果介入治疗ＢＣＳ的成功率为９４．４％。术中死亡率０．５％。严重的并发症为误穿心包导致心包填塞和血管内支架脱入右心房。结论ＰＴＡ和ｓｔｅｎｔ放置是一种安全、可靠的方法，可以替代外科对ＢＣＳ的治疗。     

彩色多普勒超声引导下经皮气囊导管成形术治疗Budd-Chiari综合征

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声（ＣＤＵ）引导经皮气囊导管成形术（ＰＴＡ）治疗ＢｕｄｄＣｈｉａｒｉ综合征（ＢＣＳ）的可行性及临床实用价值。方法ＢＣＳ患者９例。其中下腔静脉膜型闭塞５例，节段型闭塞２例和狭窄１例；右肝静脉闭塞１例。在ＣＤＵ的引导和监视下，经右股静脉分别对上述患者静脉狭窄或闭塞段进行穿刺和气囊扩张，并根据静脉内径、血流方向及频谱形态决定扩张程度。结果ＣＤＵ可清晰显示导管、导丝、穿刺针及气囊导管在血管中的位置，正确引导术者进行ＰＴＡ治疗，技术成功率１００％；血管形态和血流动力学是判断ＰＴＡ治疗效果的可靠指标。结论ＣＤＵ是一种引导ＰＴＡ治疗ＢＣＳ的安全、可靠方法     

肝静脉阻塞型Budd－Chiari综合征的介入治疗（附10例报告）

肝静脉阻塞型Ｂｕｄｄ－Ｃｈｉａｒｉ综合征（ＢＣＳ）既是内外科临床治疗的“难治之症”，也是介入放射学领域尚未完全解决的课题。作者采用肝静脉开通术（ＰＴＡ及ＥＭＳ置入术等）和经颈静脉肝内门腔静脉内支架分流术（ＴＩＰＳＳ）对１０例肝静脉阻塞型ＢＣＳ进行了治疗，取得了满意的临床效果。作者认为：肝静脉开通术是治疗肝静脉口部狭窄或闭塞型ＢＣＳ的较为合理而且安全有效的非手术方法。尽管它较下腔静脉开通术的难度和风险更大些，但临床效果显著持久，因而，应将其作为此类ＢＣＳ的首选治疗方法。但对不适于此项治疗者，即肝静脉广泛阻塞型ＢＣＳ则可将ＴＩＰＳＳ作为主要的治疗手段。     

Accessory hepatic vein recanalization for treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome due to long-segment obstruction of the hepatic vein: initial clinical experience

PURPOSE

We aimed to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of accessory hepatic vein recanalization (balloon dilatation/stent insertion) for patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) due to long-segment obstruction of the hepatic vein.

METHODS

From March 2010 to December 2013, 20 consecutive patients with BCS, due to long-segment obstruction of three hepatic veins, treated with accessory hepatic vein recanalization (11 males, 9 females; mean age, 33.4±10.9 years; range, 22–56 years) were included in this retrospective study. Data on technical success, clinical success, and follow-up were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS

Technical and clinical success was achieved in all patients. Each patient was managed with a single accessory hepatic vein recanalization procedure. No procedure-related complications occurred. The diameter of the accessory hepatic vein was 8.45±1.47 mm (6–11 mm) at the stem, and there were many collateral circulations between the hepatic vein and the accessory hepatic vein. The mean pressure of accessory hepatic vein decreased from 47.50±5.59 cm H₂O before treatment to 28.80±3.47 cm H₂O after treatment (P < 0.001). Abnormal levels of total bilirubin, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine transaminase improved after the treatment. During the follow-up, three patients experienced restenosis or stenting of the accessory hepatic vein.

CONCLUSIONS

In BCS due to long-segment obstruction of the hepatic veins, it is important to confirm whether there is a compensatory accessory hepatic vein. For patients with a compensatory but obstructed accessory hepatic vein, recanalization is a simple, safe, and effective treatment option.Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare disease characterized by hepatic venous outflow obstruction at the level of the hepatic vein (HV) or inferior vena cava (IVC) resulting in portal hypertension (1, 2). Thrombus is the most frequent cause in Western countries, whereas membranous webs are more common in Asia (2). HV recanalization has been reported as a simple, effective, and safe method for patients with BCS due to hepatic venous obstruction (1, 2). However, if the patients display long-segment obstruction of the HV, recanalization is always difficult with a high failure rate of 31%–100% (1, 2). Even when successfully managed, there is a risk of HV reobstruction after treatment (2).Various treatments, including transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), surgical shunts, and liver transplantation have been described as potential treatment options for BCS (3–6). However, there are only a few studies on accessory hepatic vein (AHV) recanalization for treatment of BCS. In this study, we present our initial clinical results of AHV recanalization in 20 patients with BCS due to long-segment obstruction of HV.     

500例Budd-Chiari综合征介入治疗并发症分析

目的 探讨Budd—Chiari综合征(BCS)介入治疗术中及术后并发症发生的原因及预防措施。方法 1990—2002年接受介入治疗的BCS患者共500例，其中腔静脉阻塞型337例、肝静脉阻塞型77例、混合型86例。所有病例均行经皮穿刺球囊扩张术(PTA)，其中120例还做了血管内支架置入术。结果 发生介入治疗并发症共58例(11．6％)，死亡1例(0．2％)。术中并发症有误穿心包和心包填塞9例(1．8％)，其中心包填塞3例(死亡1例)；金属内支架脱落入右心房2例(0．4％)；胸腔出血1例(0．2％)；腹腔出血2例(0．4％)。术后并发症为急性再狭窄27例，其中单纯PTA后22例(5．8％，22／380)，PTA 内支架置入术后再狭窄5例(4．2％，5／120)。穿刺部位形成假性动脉瘤3例(0．6％)；穿刺点出血和局部血肿形成10例(2．0％)；穿刺侧下肢静脉血栓形成4例(0．8％)。结论 介入治疗BCS是1种安全有效的方法，应采取各种有效措施避免和减少并发症的发生。     

Endovascular treatment for hepatic vein-type Budd–Chiari syndrome: effectiveness and long-term outcome

Purpose

To determine the clinical effectiveness and long-term outcomes of endovascular treatment for hepatic vein (HV)-type Budd–Chiari syndrome (BCS).

Materials and methods

From June 2011 to August 2016, 68 consecutive patients with symptomatic HV-type BCS underwent endovascular treatment in our center. Data on the baseline characteristics, technical success, clinical success, and long-term outcomes were collected and analyzed retrospectively.

Results

The technical success rate of endovascular treatment was 100%. Fifty patients underwent HV recanalization, and 18 underwent accessory HV (AHV) recanalization. The clinical success rate was 95.6% (65/68). During a mean follow-up period of 29.4?±?13.6 months, 19 patients experienced re-obstruction of either the HV (n?=?18) or the AHV (n?=?1). The cumulative 1-, 2-, and 5-year primary patency rates were 80.0, 72.8, and 67.9%, respectively. The cumulative 1-, 2-, and 5-year secondary patency rates were 93.8, 90.3, and 82.9%, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the independent predictor of a prolonged primary patency duration was recanalization of the AHV. Five patients died 1–28 months (median, 15 months) after treatment. The cumulative 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates were 96.9, 93.4, and 91.2%, respectively. There was no significant difference in survival between the HV and AHV recanalization groups.

Conclusion

Endovascular treatment is effective for patients with HV-type BCS. It can result in excellent long-term patency and survival rates. If it is applicable, AHV recanalization should be considered prior to treatment in order to achieve a longer patency.

     

Ultrasonically guided percutaneous transhepatic hepatic vein stent placement for Budd-Chiari syndrome.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the utility of ultrasonically guided hepatic vein stent placement in the treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) in patients with short hepatic vein obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients with BCS, each with three obstructed hepatic veins diagnosed with ultrasound (US), color Doppler, probing with guide wire, and echo contrast, underwent hepatic vein stent placement under US guidance. Nine patients had hepatic vein obstruction alone, and 16 had hepatic vein obstruction along with primary inferior vena cava (IVC) obstruction. In each patient, only one of the hepatic veins was selected for recanalization and stent placement. In patients with primary IVC lesions, a stent was placed in the IVC first. Clinical and US examinations were performed at 3-6-month intervals on every patient during follow-up. RESULTS: Hepatic vein stents were successfully placed in 23 of the 25 patients, a success rate of 92%. The mean +/- SD hepatic vein pressure decreased from 25.57 mm Hg +/- 9.46 to 9.67 mm Hg +/- 2.31 (P < .01), and the flow direction in the hepatic vein became centripetal and its spectral analysis showed a normal phasic flow. Twenty-two patients experienced a significant improvement in hepatic outflow, as evidenced by disappearance of ascites, remission of hepatosplenomegaly, improvement in liver function, and alleviation of esophageal varices. Severe intraperitoneal hemorrhage occurred in one patient. No other serious procedure-related complications were observed. During follow-up of 1-43 months (mean, 23 months), stent reocclusion occurred in one patient. The other stents remained patent, and clinical features of BCS did not recur. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous transhepatic hepatic vein stent placement is a reasonable treatment for BCS in patients with hepatic vein obstruction, and the procedures can be performed safely and accurately with US.     

Successful Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty and Stenting in Acute Mesenteric Ischemia

Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a life-threatening emergency. The complications are high by the time of diagnosis in most cases and therefore only few data on primary percutaneous intervention with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and stenting in AMI are available. We present the case of an 84-year-old woman who presented to our emergency department complaining of an acute worsening of pre-existing abdominal periumbilical pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. She had previously undergone percutaneous transluminal embolectomy for an acute occlusion of the left common femoral artery. Due to suspicion of intestinal infarction, conventional angiography of the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was performed and confirmed a proximal occlusion of the SMA. Percutaneous SMA recanalization with balloon dilation and subsequent stent implantation was carried out successfully. The abdominal symptoms subsided after this procedure. In AMI that is diagnosed early, endovascular stenting should be considered as an alternative treatment to the surgical approach that avoids the need for surgical bowel resection.     

肝移植术后血管胆道并发症的介入治疗

目的:评价介入治疗对肝移植后胆道、血管并发症的价值。材料和方法:18例肝移植患者接受了介入治疗。其中肝动脉狭窄8例,行肝动脉造影及溶栓治疗;下腔静脉及肝静脉狭窄2例,行内支架置入术;胆瘘及胆道狭窄8例,行PTCD治疗。结果:胆道并发症8例,PTCD治疗后症状消失;肝动脉狭窄8例,溶栓后肝动脉完全开放6例,1例血流部分开放,1例肝动脉血流未恢复再次肝移植治疗;下腔静脉及肝静脉狭窄2例内支架置入术后下腔静脉梗阻及肝肿大症状消失。结论:介入治疗是治疗肝移植后胆道血管并发症的有效方法。     

主-髂-股动脉闭塞性病变介入治疗的技术探讨及疗效观察

目的探讨主-髂-股动脉闭塞性病变介入治疗的技术要点。方法本组34例主-髂-股动脉闭塞的患者中，腹主动脉下段、双侧髂动脉完全闭塞8例，同时肾动脉受累3例；单侧髂动脉闭塞23例，其中病变累及股总动脉4例；单纯单侧股浅动脉长段闭塞3例。分别行闭塞段开通、经导管局部溶栓、血管腔内成形术(PTA)和内支架置人等多种介入方法综合治疗。结果除3例髂动脉闭塞未能开通外，8条腹主动脉，36条髂动脉，4条股总动脉和3条股浅动脉均得以开通，开通率为94％。共置入裸支架46枚，覆膜支架3枚。其中包括腹主动脉支架6枚，髂动脉支架34枚，股总动脉支架2枚、股浅动脉支架4枚和肾动脉支架3枚。在治疗成功的31例中，9例临床症状和体征得到缓解，21例明显改善，1例因长期慢性肾功能衰竭于术后第2天死亡；其中4例合并有并发症。术后平均随访21．5个月(2～53个月)，除2例分别在术后2个月和14个月发生支架内再闭塞行二次介入治疗外，其余患者症状均无加重或复发。结论综合应用多种介入方法治疗主-髂-股动脉闭塞性病变是一项安全有效的治疗手段，可获得满意的临床效果。