FHIT基因异常与消化道恶性肿瘤

目的探讨消化道恶性肿瘤细胞中三联脆组(fragile histidine triad,FHIT)基因的异常转录情况.方法应用巢式逆转录聚合酶链反应(nested RT-PCR)对96例消化道恶性肿瘤(21例食管癌、43例胃癌和32例结肠癌)及相应的癌旁组织,18例正常组织FHIT基因cDNA片断进行扩增.结果在33.3%的食管癌组织,51.2%的胃癌组织和31.3%的结肠癌组织中检出异常FHIT转录,而在相应的食管、胃、结肠癌旁组织中FHIT异常转录检出率分别为4.8%、20.9%和9.4%,二者差异有显著性(P＜0.05);18例正常组织中未见FHIT异常转录.结论食管癌、胃癌和结肠癌组织FHIT基因的异常转录可能与消化道恶性肿瘤的发生、发展有关.     

脆性组氨酸三联体基因异常转录与肝癌关系的研究

目的：研究脆性组氨酸三联体(FHIT)基因异常转录与肝细胞癌(HCC)的相关性。方法：利用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和单链构象多态性(SSCP)技术检测24对肝癌及癌旁组织、4例正常肝组织中FHIT的转录和突变情况。结果：11例肝癌组织(46％)标本、2例(8％)癌旁正常组织检测到异常转录本，正常肝组织无异常转录。结论：FHIT基因异常转录可能是导致肝细胞癌形成的一个重要因素。     

Detection of human papillomavirus DNA and p53 gene mutations in esophageal cancer samples and adjacent normal mucosa

BACKGROUND/AIM: There is evidence of a possible etiological role of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in the development of esophageal tumors. Loss of function of the wild-type p53 tumor suppressor gene product by binding to E6 oncoproteins of high-risk HPVs is considered an important event in tumor development. The aim of this study was to verify the prevalence of HPV infection and p53 mutation in esophageal tumor tissue samples and in the adjacent normal mucosa in patients from a high-risk area in Italy. METHODS: DNA from 33 biopsy specimens (17 tumor sample biopsies and 16 samples of adjacent normal mucosa) was screened for HPV DNA using two polymerase chain reaction based procedures. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used for typing. Screening of p53 mutations was performed with polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and DNA sequencing. RESULTS: Overall, 8 of 17 patients presented HPV DNA; HPV 16 was detected in 4 of 8 samples. Samples from tumors and adjacent mucosa were positive for mucosal HPVs in 7 of 17 and 4 of 16 cases, respectively. In 1 case, HPV DNA was detected in the normal mucosa only. None of the samples contained HPVs of the epidermodysplasia verruciformis or cutaneous groups. Mutations of p53 were detected in two HPV DNA negative samples. In both cases, the mutation was present in the tumor only. CONCLUSIONS: Our results are in favor of the involvement of both aberrant p53 expression and HPV infection in the development of esophageal tumors. The high HPV infection rate in patients from a high-risk region suggests that subjects harboring HPVs (in particular HPV 16) in the esophagus should be considered at risk of esophageal malignancies.     

肺癌组织频繁出现FHIT基因转录本的缺失

目的研究肺癌组织中脆性组氨酸三位体（ＦＨＩＴ）基因的改变。方法采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴＰＣＲ）和逆转录聚合酶链反应单链构象多态性（ＲＴＰＣＲＳＳＣＰ）方法分析４７例肺癌组织和其中１６例相应的转移性肺门淋巴结。结果６８％（３２／４７）肺癌原发灶（包括２例肺鳞状细胞原位癌）和９４％（１５／１６）转移性肺门淋巴结出现ＦＨＩＴ转录本缺失,二者统计学差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＦＨＩＴ基因转录本缺失主要发生于编码区。ＲＴＰＣＲＳＳＣＰ分析未发现突变。结论（１）在肺癌组织中ＦＨＩＴ基因转录本缺失是频发事件,且可能为早期事件;（２）ＦＨＩＴ基因突变可能是少见事件;（３）转移性肺门淋巴结ＦＨＩＴ基因转录本缺失频率与肺癌原发灶相比差异有显著性,提示具有ＦＨＩＴ转录本缺失的肺癌细胞具有更明显的恶性表型和恶性行为     

HPV与人结直肠癌的关系

ＨＰＶ与人结直肠癌的关系陈建华，于皆平，沈志祥（湖北医科大学附属一院消化系病研究室湖北４３００６０）人乳头瘤病毒（ｈｕｍａｎｐａｐｉｌｌｉｍａｖｉｒｕｓｅｓ，ＨＰＶｓ）与鳞状上皮细胞癌（如食管鳞癌）的病因关系已被许多研究所证实。近来文献报道，人乳头瘤...     

Loss of heterozygosity and microsatellite instabilities of fragile histidine triad gene in gastric carcinoma

AIM: To detect the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instabilities (MSI) of fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene in gastric carcinoma and to study their association with the clinical pathological characteristics of gastric carcinoma. METHODS: LOH and MSI of FHIT gene were detected at four microsaterllite loci D3SI3H, D3S4I03, D3SI48I and D3S1234 using PCR in matched normal and cancerous tissues from 50 patients with primary gastric cancer. RESULTS: The average frequency of LOH and MSI of FHIT gene in gastric cancer was 32.4% and 26.4% respectively. LOH and MSI of FHIT gene in gastric cancer had no association with histological, Borrmann, and Lauren's classification. LOH of FHIT gene in gastric cancer was related to invasive depth. The frequency of FHIT LOH in gastric cancer with serosa-penetration was obviously higher than that in gastric cancer without serosa-penetration (73.5% vs 37.5%, P < 0.05). MSI of FHIT gene in gastric cancer was associated with the lymph node metastasis. The frequency of MSI in gastric cancer without lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis (66.7% vs 34.3%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: LOH of FHIT gene is correlated with invasive depth of gastric carcinoma. MSI of FHIT gene is correlated with lymph node metastases. LOH and MSI of FHIT gene play an important role in carcinogenesis of gastric cancer.     

Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in colorectal carcinomas by polymerase chain reaction.

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are associated with a number of benign and malignant neoplasms. To substantiate the relationship between HPV DNA and colorectal carcinomas, 70 carcinomas and 37 adenomas were analysed in this study. Specific types of HPV DNA in colorectal tumours were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern blot hybridisation. HPV DNA was detected in 11 of 37 (29.7%) adenomas and in 52.9% 37 of 70 (52.9%) of carcinomas. The expression of HPV DNA in adenomas and carcinomas, especially that of HPV 16 in HPV positive cases (4 of 11 v 26 of 37), was significantly different (p < 0.05). There was no correlation, however, between HPV and the location, differentiation, stage, or survival of malignant neoplasms. These data suggest that HPV DNA, especially type 16, is associated with colorectal carcinogenesis.     

外阴鳞癌组织中HPV检测及FHIT基因杂合性缺失、微卫星不稳定性观察

目的 观察外阴鳞癌( VSCC)组织中HPV感染情况及脆性组氨酸三联体(FHIT)基因的杂合性缺失(LOH)、微卫星不稳定性(MSI),并探讨其意义.方法 选取VSCC组织24例、外阴尖锐湿疣(VCA)42例、正常外阴组织20例,用PCR法检测上述组织中的HPV6、11、16、18、31、33亚型,用PCR-单链构像多态性分析(PCR-SSCP)法检测FHIT基因D3S1300位点的LOH和MSI.结果 在正常外阴、VCA、VSCC组织中低危型HPV( HPV6/11)阳性分别为2、38、21例,高危型HPV(HPV16/18/31/33)阳性分别为0、13、10例;VCA、VSCC组织与正常外阴组织比较,P均＜0.05.在正常外阴、VCA、VSCC组织中,FHIT基因D3S1300位点上LOH、MSI阳性分别为0、9、13例,VSCC与VCA、正常外阴组织比较,P均＜0.05.VSCC组织中HR-HPV感染与FHIT基因D3 S1300位点LOH/MSI相关(r =0.438,P＜0.05).结论 VSCC组织中存在较高的低危型、高危型HPV复合感染及FHIT基因LOH和(或)MSI;二者在VSCC的发生发展中发挥重要作用.     

Human papillomavirus type-related DNA and c-myc oncogene alterations in colon cancer cell lines

Although squamous-cell epithelium is the most frequent target site of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, a similar infection is demonstrated in columnar epithelial cells in this paper. The papillomavirus expression in three cell lines was detected in colorectal adenocarcinoma of Chinese patients. The HPV-16 and HPV-18 DNA sequences were found in colorectal cancer cell lines, which might suggest the correlation of HPV to the etiology of colorectal cancers. In addition, c-myc oncogene was identified by amplification in all three colorectal cancer cell lines, but only normal germ-line fragments were found in control tissue. The correlation between HPV and c-myc, and the implications of these findings in colorectal cancers are also discussed.