骨扫描剂~(99m)锝—焦磷酸盐的电解法标记及其临床初步应用

近十多年应用一些趋骨性元素和放射性药物进行骨胳疾病的基础与临床研究,认为骨扫描和放射性核素骨显象具有早期诊断的价值。~(99m)锝标记的磷酸盐(二聚、三聚或多聚磷酸盐、EHDP等)应用较为广泛。~(99m)锝—焦磷酸盐(简称~(99m)Tc—PYP,下同)的标记多用     

电解法标记~(99m)Tc-DMSNa肾脏扫描剂及其临床应用

近年来,临床多用~(203)汞—新醇作肾脏扫描剂,但其半衰期长,肾受照剂量大,注射后长期不宜作其他同位素检查,且~(203)汞的Eγ(γ射线能量)=280KeV,闪烁照相所得影像不清,故又选用短半衰期放射性~(99m)锝标记的化合物作肾脏扫描剂,如~(99m)Tc—EDTA(~(99m)-锝—乙二胺四醋酸)、~(99m)Tc—DTPA(~(99m)锝—     

~(99m)Tc-放射性标记药物生物动力学分布的实验研究

应用γ闪烁计数装置探讨Na~(99m)TcO4（~(99m)Tc－P）和~(99m)Tc-植酸钠（~(99m)Tc－Phy）在小鼠体内的生物动力学分布．结果显示，以每克组织蓄积的放射性活度计，~(99m)Tc－P在注后30min以肺脏的含量最多，~(99m)胸Tc－Phy在肝脏的含量最多．随时间的延续，~(99m)Tc－Phy在各器官的含量逐渐减少，而在脾脏的蓄积量明显增多，注后60min时约为10min时的3倍。结果提示，~(99m)Tc－Phy不仅在60min内可用于肝脏扫描，往后扫描时间越早显像效果越好，而且在60min时脾脏扫描显像效果最好。~(99m)Tc-P似有可能用于肺脏显像扫描，尚需进一步研讨。     

用甲状腺功能测定仪测量~(99m)Tc-MDP全身滞留量诊断代谢性骨病

代谢性骨病的骨显像图显示全身骨骼对~(99m)TC—磷(膦)酸盐有较高的摄取,这种摄取增高多为非特异性,早期病变的骨骼显像图往往改变轻微,肉眼难以分辨。但就全身骨骼来说,摄取~(99m)Tc—磷(膦)酸盐的总量已明显增加,固定量测定全身滞留量,     

柠檬酸~(67)镓在肝癌诊断中的临床应用(国外文献综述)

肝癌对人类生命的危害是严重的。尽管采用各种各样的治疗方案,但预后至今仍很不理想。部分归因于肝癌早期诊断的困难。用放射性胶体~(198)Au(金)、胶体~(99m)Tc(锝)和胶体~(113)In(铟)等放射性药物进行肝扫描,已有助于肝癌的诊断。因为放射性胶体扫     

~(99m)Tc—EC和~(99m)Tc—DTPA肾动态显像正常图像分析

观察分析40例~(99m)Tc—EC和60例~(99m)Tc—DTPA肾功能正常者的两种肾动态图像,其各自显像特点:①~(99m)Tc—EC者无血流灌注峰,而~(99m)Tc—DTPA者有明显血流灌注峰;②~(99m)Tc—EC肾动态图像清晰、对比度好即本底低,而~(99m)Tc—DTPA本底较高;③两种肾功能曲线形态虽相似,但~(99m)Tc—EC浓集段的上升及排泄段的下降斜率较大,而~(99m)Tc—DTPA斜率均小于前者;④~(99m)Tc—EC肾脏指数明显高于~(99m)Tc—DTPA,而~(99m)Tc—DTPA的20min残留率高于~(99m)Tc—EC,但两者的峰时无差异。     

99 Tcm -MDP SPECT /CT 异机融合骨显像对颈椎及颅骨病变的诊断价值

目的探讨99 Tc m-亚甲基二膦酸盐(MDP)骨断层显像(SPECT)与诊断 CT 异机图像融合对头颈部病变的诊断价值.方法99 Tc m-MDP 全身骨显像可疑头颈部异常摄取患者57例,行头颈部 SPECT 骨显像和诊断 CT 扫描,实施异机图像融合,分析比较头颈部 SPECT、诊断 CT 及融合图像对颈椎及颅骨转移灶的诊断符合率.结果57例患者头颈部 SPECT 共发现放射性浓集灶95处,其中53处放射性浓集灶为骨转移,另42处为非特异性摄取. SPECT /CT 诊断颈椎及颅骨转移灶的符合率明显高于 SPECT 及诊断 CT(χ2=6.10,22.03;P 均<0.05).结论头颈部诊断 CT 与 SPECT 异机图像融合方法简单、可行,除可确定异常放射性摄取病灶的部位外,还可依据有无骨质破坏、骨质增生及软组织肿物形成等信息进一步区分良恶性病变,对区分骨质增生及头颈部的非特异性摄取有重要意义.     

显像剂~(99m)Tc——葡庚糖酸钙对肝癌定性诊断的初步观察

~(99m)TC—葡庚糖酸钙(GH)对脑和肺的良恶性病变的鉴别诊断均有重要价值,对肝癌亦见癌组织对~(99m)Tc—GH 有不同的摄取,但对肝的良性病变如     

电解法标记~(99m)Tc—Sn—C肝脏扫描剂及其临床应用

本文介绍用电解法标记~(99m)Tc—Sn—C(~(99m)锝—锡—胶体)肝脏扫描剂以及动物实验和临床应用。用~(99m)Tc—Sn—C 作肝脏扫描,可以得到清晰的肝脏扫描图,是目前较好的肝脏扫描剂,其制备方法简单,易于推广。     

放射性锝亚甲基二膦酸盐(~(99m)Tc—MDP)过敏反应病例报告

1980年1例60岁女患者,因患粉刺型乳腺癌切除了左侧乳房。1983年4月X线胸片证实有多发性肺转移,于4月4日用~(99m)Tc—MDP注射液进行了放射性同位素骨扫描,扫描结果显示胸廓、腰椎和右坐骨有多发转移灶。注射~(99m)Tc—MDP 48小时后,患者感到咽部刺痛,并有突起的红斑疹,伴咽部溃疡,症状持续了3～4天。1984年2月16日,该患者进行了第二次~(99m)Tc—MDP骨扫描检查,显示有新的骨转移灶,     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.