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1.
Ovary and ovulation: Nitric oxide concentrations in the follicular fluid and apoptosis of granulosa cells in human follicles 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sugino N.; Takiguchi S.; Ono M.; Tamura H.; Shimamura K.; Nakamura Y.; Tsuruta R.; Sadamitsu D.; Ueda T.; Maekawa T.; Kato H. 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1996,11(11):2484-2487
To study the relationship between follicular atresia, apoptosis,and nitric oxide (NO) generation in follicular development,steroidogenesis, NO levels in follicular fluid and apoptosiswere analysed in the various sized follicles of women receivingovarian stimulation with human meno-pausal gonadotrophin (HMG)humanchorionic gonado-trophin (HCG) treatments for in-vitro fertilization(IVF)-embryo transfer. The follicles were divided into threegroups by diameter: large follicle, 18 mm; medium follicle,12 and 15 mm; small follicle, 10 mm. Follicular fluid was obtainedfrom 20 women 34 h after HCG administration, and the concentrationsof oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone, and nitrite, nitrate,arginine and citrulline were measured. Granulosa cells obtainedfrom each group of follicular fluid were stained with Hoechstdye, and nuclear morphology was examined by a fluorescence microscopy.Oestradiol and progesterone concentrations in large follicleswere significantly (P < 0.01) higher than those in mediumor small follicles, and testosterone concentrations in smallfollicles were significantly (P < 0.01) higher than thosein large follicles. There were no significant differences inthe concentrations of nitrite, nitrate, arginine and citrullineamong three groups. The percentage of apoptotic cells with nuclearfragmentation was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in smallfollicles than in large follicles. The present results suggestedthat small follicles with poor response to HMG may undergo atresiathrough apoptosis. No significant difference in the follicularNO level between large and small follicles led us to speculateon a different responsiveness to NO in these two types of follicles. 相似文献
2.
Manau D Balasch J Jiménez W Fábregues F Civico S Casamitjana R Creus M Vanrell JA 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》2000,15(6):1295-1299
Marked granulosa cell proliferation along with important changes in the vascular bed of the ovary characterize IVF cycles associated with multiple follicular growth and maturation. The present report investigated follicular fluid (FF) and circulating concentrations of adrenomedullin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nitric oxide (NO) in 70 IVF patients (14 of whom became pregnant); these three vasoactive substances may be implicated in extensive ovarian tissue remodelling. Serum and FF concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone were also measured in the 70 IVF cycles studied. Follicular fluid concentrations of VEGF and adrenomedullin but not nitrite/nitrate (the two stable oxidation products of NO metabolism) were significantly higher (P < 0.0001) than the corresponding circulating concentrations. Follicular fluid concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone were not correlated with those of adrenomedullin, VEGF or nitrite/nitrate. No relationship existed between circulating concentrations of adrenomedullin, VEGF or nitrite/nitrate on the day of oocyte aspiration and parameters of ovarian response to gonadotrophin stimulation. In contrast, FF adrenomedullin concentration showed a direct relationship with day 3 FSH serum concentration (r = 0.53, P < 0.01) and the number of ampoules of gonadotrophin administered (r = 0.36, P < 0.005), but an inverse correlation with the total number of oocytes retrieved (r = -0.29, P < 0.01) and the number of mature oocytes (r = -0.25, P < 0. 05). A positive correlation was found for FF VEGF concentration and chronological age (r = 0.29, P < 0.05) and ampoules of gonadotrophins administered (r = 0.30, P < 0.05). There was no relationship between nitrite/nitrate FF concentrations and parameters of ovarian response. Neither serum concentrations nor FF concentrations of adrenomedullin, VEGF or nitrite/nitrate were correlated with IVF outcome. This study suggested for the first time that increased FF concentrations of adrenomedullin can be a marker of decreased ovarian response in IVF. Our results also provide further evidence favouring an association between FF VEGF and patient's age, while on the basis of our findings NO measurements are not a useful marker of ovarian response. 相似文献
3.
Nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in follicular fluid and their correlation with fertilization and embryo cleavage 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Barrionuevo MJ Schwandt RA Rao PS Graham LB Maisel LP Yeko TR 《American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)》2000,44(6):359-364
PROBLEM: Using an IVF model, the goal of the study was to investigate the relationship between follicular fluid (ff) NO and IL-1beta levels, as well as their correlation with fertilization of mature oocytes and embryo cleavage rates. METHOD OF STUDY: Follicular fluid was collected from 17 patients at the time of transvaginal oocyte retrieval following controlled ovarian stimulation. Oocytes harvested from these follicles were followed through fertilization and embryo cleavage. The NO metabolites nitrate/nitrite (NO3/NO2) were measured using the Griess reaction as an indirect assessment of NO activity. IL-1beta was measured using a high sensitivity ELISA system (Amersham, UK). The Student's t-test was utilized for unpaired data with the means considered significantly different when P < or = 0.05. RESULTS: Follicular fluid NO3/NO2 levels were significantly lower in follicles containing mature oocytes that fertilized (n = 30; 9.7 +/- 1.0 microM), versus those that did not fertilize (n = 23; 15.4 +/- 2.4 microM; P < 0.05). Follicles that contained oocytes that fertilized and went on to divide beyond the 6 cell stage had significantly lower ff levels of NO3/NO2 (n = 18; 7.5 +/- 0.9 microM), as compared to ff that contained oocytes that did not fertilize or failed to develop beyond the 5 cell stage (n = 35; 14.6 +/- 1.7 microM; P < 0.01). No correlation was found between ff NO3/NO2 levels (n = 28; 13.8 +/- 2.0 microM) and ff IL-1beta levels (n = 28; 0.5 +/- 0.08 pg/mL). An analysis of ff IL-1beta levels in relation to fertilization and embryo cleavage rates revealed no correlation. CONCLUSIONS: Lower ff NO3/NO2 levels at the time of oocyte retrieval are associated with adequate fertilization and embryo cleavage rates. In our IVF model, no correlation was found between ff IL-1beta levels and ff NO3/NO2, fertilization, or embryo cleavage rates. 相似文献
4.
Battaglia C Regnani G Marsella T Facchinetti F Volpe A Venturoli S Flamigni C 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》2002,17(3):659-665
BACKGROUND: Enhanced vascularization appears to be important for follicular selection and maturation in both spontaneous and stimulated IVF cycles. Nitric oxide, formed in vivo from L-arginine, may play a key role in follicular maturation and ovulation. METHODS: To evaluate the role of L-arginine supplementation in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, 37 IVF patients were divided into two groups according to ovarian stimulation protocols: group I, GnRH agonist plus pure (p)FSH plus oral L-arginine (n = 18); and group II, GnRH agonist plus pFSH plus placebo (n = 19). Hormonal, ultrasonographic and Doppler evaluations were performed, and plasma and follicular fluid nitrite/nitrate concentrations were monitored. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients completed the study. In group I (n = 16), plasma L-arginine concentrations increased from (basal) 87 +/- 12 micromol to 279 +/- 31 micromol (P = 0.002) on the day of beta-HCG administration. In this group, pFSH treatment was shorter (P = 0.039) than in group II (n = 16). The number of the follicles > or =17mm was lower (P = 0.038) in group I than group II. The "good quality" embryos were fewer in number (P = 0.034) and pregnancy rate, both per patient (P = 0.024) and per embryo transfer (P = 0.019), was lower in group I. In the L-arginine group, an increased follicular fluid concentration of nitrite/nitrate was observed. On day 8 of the cycle, elevated plasma estradiol levels were associated with decreased blood flow resistances of perifollicular arteries. Follicular fluid concentrations of nitrite/nitrate were inversely correlated with embryo quality (r = -0.613; P = 0.005) and perifollicular artery pulsatility index (r = -0.609; P = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: L-Arginine supplementation may be detrimental to embryo quality and pregnancy rate during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycles. 相似文献
5.
Differential induction of nitric oxide synthase in various organs of the mouse during endotoxaemia: role of TNF-alpha and IL-1-beta. 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:12
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F Q Cunha J Assreuy D W Moss D Rees L M Leal S Moncada M Carrier C A O'Donnell F Y Liew 《Immunology》1994,81(2):211-215
BALB/c mice injected intraperitoneally with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) developed lethal septic shock. This was accompanied by significantly elevated concentrations of nitrite and nitrate in the plasma and expression of high levels of nitric oxide (NO) synthase activity in the lungs, heart, spleen and peritoneal macrophages. Mice pretreated with anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) monoclonal antibody or anti-interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) polyclonal antibody were protected, in a dose-dependent manner, from endotoxin-induced mortality. This effect was accompanied by a significant reduction in plasma levels of nitrite and nitrate. Antibody treatment also reduced the level of NO synthase activity in peritoneal macrophages, spleen and heart but had no effect on enzyme expression in the lung. These results demonstrate that TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta play an important role in the induction of NO following administration of LPS and in the development of endotoxin-induced shock. In addition, NO synthase activity is differentially expressed in various organs and this may not always require TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta. 相似文献
6.
Concentrations of immunoreactive interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 in human preovulatory follicular fluid. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The presence of immunoreactive interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) in human follicular fluid obtained at the time of oocyte collection for in-vitro fertilization was ascertained by radioimmunoassay. In group I (20 fluids from 20 patients), the concentrations of IL-1 were 0.9 +/- 0.06 and 1.9 +/- 0.04 (mean +/- SEM) fmol/l in follicular fluid and plasma respectively. A positive correlation existed between IL-1 levels in follicular fluid and plasma (r = 0.56, P less than 0.01). Concentrations of IL-2 were 3.5 +/- 0.2 and 6.1 +/- 0.3 fmol/l in follicular fluid and plasma respectively. A positive correlation of IL-2 levels was also found between follicular fluid and plasma (r = 0.65, P less than 0.01). There was no association between IL-1, IL-2 and steroid levels, regardless of whether they were compared in follicular fluid or plasma. Group II was composed of a series of fluids (two to seven samples for each of seven patients) in which the follicular concentrations of IL-1 and IL-2 did not show a positive correlation with the volume of follicular fluid or the concentrations of follicular fluid steroids. It is concluded that human preovulatory follicular fluid contains immunoreactive IL-1 and IL-2. The role of IL-1 and IL-2 in ovarian physiology remains to be determined. 相似文献
7.
BACKGROUND: Under pathological conditions, microglia produce proinflammatory mediators which contribute to neurologic damage, and whose levels can be modulated by endogenous factors including neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine (NE). We investigated the ability of NE to suppress microglial activation, in particular its effects on induction and activity of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) and the possible role that IL-1beta plays in that response. METHODS: Rat cortical microglia were stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce NOS2 expression (assessed by nitrite and nitrate accumulation, NO production, and NOS2 mRNA levels) and IL-1beta release (assessed by ELISA). Effects of NE were examined by co-incubating cells with different concentrations of NE, adrenergic receptor agonists and antagonists, cAMP analogs, and protein kinase (PK) A and adenylate cyclase (AC) inhibitors. Effects on the NFkappaB:IkappaB pathway were examined by using selective a NFkappaB inhibitor and measuring IkappaBalpha protein levels by western blots. A role for IL-1beta in NOS2 induction was tested by examining effects of caspase-1 inhibitors and using caspase-1 deficient cells. RESULTS: LPS caused a time-dependent increase in NOS2 mRNA levels and NO production; which was blocked by a selective NFkappaB inhibitor. NE dose-dependently reduced NOS2 expression and NO generation, via activation of beta2-adrenergic receptors (beta2-ARs), and reduced loss of inhibitory IkBalpha protein. NE effects were replicated by dibutyryl-cyclic AMP. However, co-incubation with either PKA or AC inhibitors did not reverse suppressive effects of NE, but instead reduced nitrite production. A role for IL-1beta was suggested since NE potently blocked microglial IL-1beta production. However, incubation with a caspase-1 inhibitor, which reduced IL-1beta levels, had no effect on NO production; incubation with IL-receptor antagonist had biphasic effects on nitrite production; and NE inhibited nitrite production in caspase-1 deficient microglia. CONCLUSIONS: NE reduces microglial NOS2 expression and IL-1beta production, however IL-1beta does not play a critical role in NOS2 induction nor in mediating NE suppressive effects. Changes in magnitude or kinetics of cAMP may modulate NOS2 induction as well as suppression by NE. These results suggest that dysregulation of the central cathecolaminergic system may contribute to detrimental inflammatory responses and brain damage in neurological disease or trauma. 相似文献
8.
Nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines correlate with pain intensity in chronic pain patients 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A. Koch K. Zacharowski O. Boehm M. Stevens P. Lipfert H-J. von Giesen A. Wolf R. Freynhagen 《Inflammation research》2007,56(1):32-37
Objective: Inflammatory cytokines as well as nitric oxide (NO) play a key role in the pathogenesis of persistent and exaggerated pain
states. To document this, we investigated whether a range of cytokines and NO were detectable in the plasma of chronic pain
patients and whether cytokine and NO levels correlated with pain severity.
Methods: Plasma samples of 94 chronic pain patients and 6 healthy volunteers were obtained. Average pain intensity during the last
24h was assessed on a 11-point numeric rating scale and patients were distributed to three groups: light, moderate and severe
pain. The concentrations of TNF-α, GM-CSF, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 and nitrate/nitrite were determined.
Results: Patients with light pain demonstrated significantly increased levels of IL-6 compared to controls. In the severe pain group
IL-6 and nitrate/nitrite were significantly increased. Serum concentrations of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-4 were increased
but as we adjusted the level of significance at p = 0.0045, most cytokine plasma levels failed to reach statistical significance.
Conclusions: Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α) in the plasma correlate with increasing pain intensity. Chronic
pain patients show a significant increase in plasma levels of NO in comparison to healthy controls.
Received 30 May 2006; returned for revision 17 July 2006; accepted by G. Geisslinger 7 August 2006 相似文献
9.
Seminal plasma nitrite/nitrate and intratesticular Doppler flow in fertile and infertile subjects 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Battaglia C Giulini S Regnani G Di Girolamo R Paganelli S Facchinetti F Volpe A 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》2000,15(12):2554-2558
The objective of the present study was prospectively to evaluate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in modulating intratesticular blood flow and sperm function. A total of 56 males, undergoing assisted reproduction, were divided into three groups according to semen analysis: (i) normozoospermic (n = 16); (ii) oligozoospermic (n = 21); and (iii) azoospermic (n = 19). All the subjects were submitted to hormone analysis [luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), growth hormone, testosterone, androstenedione, insulin], and to ultrasonographic (testicular volume) and Doppler (transmediastinal artery) evaluations. Plasma and seminal plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations, and plasma insulin-like growth factor-I were assayed. All 56 patients completed the study. In normozoospermic patients, significantly greater testicular volume, lower transmediastinal resistances, and higher seminal plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations were observed in comparison with both oligo- and azoospermic subjects. Testicular volume was inversely correlated with plasma FSH (r = -0.589; P = 0.005) and pulsatility index of transmediastinal artery (r = -0.402; P = 0.049). Furthermore, the seminal plasma nitrite/nitrate concentrations were inversely correlated with pulsatility index of transmediastinal artery (r = -0.511; P = 0.015). It was concluded that NO is involved in vascular modulation of testicular vessels and ultimately in sperm output. 相似文献
10.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive disorder
characterized by arrested follicular development prior to selection of a
dominant follicle. Dominant follicles produce large amounts of oestradiol
but PCOS follicles do not. With several potential aromatase (P450AROM)
inhibitors in follicular fluid, the question arises whether P450AROM is
expressed in PCOS granulosa cells, but the activity is inhibited, or
whether P450AROM is not expressed in PCOS. The purpose of the present study
was to determine whether P450AROM mRNA expression is altered in PCOS and to
correlate P450AROM mRNA expression in individual follicles with aromatase
stimulatory bioactivity and oestradiol in the follicular microenvironments.
P450AROM mRNA was measured in individual follicles from 16 PCOS and 48
regularly cycling control women by quantitative polymerase chain reaction
(PCR) and correlated with follicular fluid oestradiol concentrations and
aromatase stimulating bioactivity measured by the rat granulosa cells
aromatase bioassay. Follicular fluid oestradiol was low in all control
follicles <7 mm in diameter. Some follicles > or = 7 mm contained
elevated oestradiol values (P < 0.01) and all had an
androstenedione:oestradiol ratio of <4. Only in granulosa cells from
follicles > or = 7 mm with an androstenedione:oestradiol ratio of <4
were P450AROM mRNA levels increased (P < 0.05). These same follicles
also contained increased levels of aromatase stimulating bioactivity
whereas follicles <7 mm or with androstenedione:oestradiol ratio of
>4 contained little or no bioactivity. All PCOS follicles contained low
levels of oestradiol, P450AROM mRNA and aromatase stimulating bioactivity
similar to size- matched control follicles. These data indicate that
P450AROM mRNA expression and oestradiol production begin in developing
follicles when they reach approximately 7 mm in diameter. Oestradiol
production is low in PCOS follicles because there is insufficient aromatase
stimulating bioactivity to increase P450AROM mRNA expression.
相似文献
11.
Polycystic ovary syndrome: anomalies in progesterone production 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
Doldi N; Gessi A; Destefani A; Calzi F; Ferrari A 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(2):290-293
The underlying cause of anovulation and miscarriage in polycystic ovary
syndrome (PCOS) is unknown. Progesterone may play an important role in
oocyte fertilization and embryo implantation. Therefore, in this study we
analyse the endocrine function of luteinizing granulosa cells to synthesize
progesterone in vivo and in vitro in PCOS and normal patients participating
in an in-vitro fertilization programme. Human luteinizing granulosa cells
were obtained from 10 patients with normal ovaries (controls) and 10
patients with PCOS by follicular aspiration of individual follicles of each
patient and pooled in an attempt to obtain three groups: cells from
follicle sizes < or =10,>10< or =15 and > or =16. Serum
concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone on the day of human chorionic
gonadotrophin (HCG) injection were significantly higher (P < 0.01 and P
< 0.05) in PCOS patients than in controls. After HCG stimulation,
in-vitro progesterone production was enhanced in granulosa cells of the
control group and concentrations increased with follicular size as
expected. However, the concentration of progesterone of PCOS patients did
not increase with follicular size and there was a significant difference
between normal and PCOS groups in follicles >10< or =15 mm (P <
0.05) and > or =16 mm (P < 0.01). Oestradiol production was increased
in follicles > or =16 mm in both groups, although this did not reach
significance. In summary, it seems that PCOS granulosa cells demonstrate an
abnormal capacity to synthesize progesterone in vivo and in vitro. The
understanding of granulosa cell function in PCOS may explain the
anovulation and miscarriage that occurs in these patients.
相似文献
12.
Inhibin A, inhibin B and activin A in the follicular fluid of regularly cycling women 总被引:4,自引:10,他引:4
Recent measurements of circulating inhibin A and inhibin B concentrations
indicate that inhibin B may play an important role in the selection of
dominant follicles. The concentrations of inhibin A, inhibin B and activin
A were measured in the follicular fluids of 61 individual follicles (4.8-20
mm in diameter) from 47 regularly cycling women using specific two-site
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The microenvironment of each follicle
was characterized by measuring follicular fluid androstenedione and
oestradiol concentrations. The mean activin A concentrations were < 8
ng/ml for follicles of all sizes (4-17 mm). Inhibin A concentrations were
< 1 ng/ml in follicles < 6 mm, and progressively increased to
concentrations > 50 ng/ml in follicles > or = 13 mm. Follicles with
androstenedione/oestradiol ratios < or = 4 had higher concentrations of
inhibin A than follicles with androstenedione/oestradiol ratios > 4.
Inhibin B concentrations were higher than inhibin A concentrations in all
follicles, increasing from 19.2 +/- 8.3 ng/ml in 4 mm follicles to 409 +/-
9.6 ng/ml in 13 mm follicles and then declining to 275 +/- 47 ng/ml in 17
mm follicles. These results support the hypothesis that inhibin B may play
a more important paracrine role in developing follicles and a greater
regulatory role with respect to follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
secretion than inhibin A.
相似文献
13.
A total of 31 clomiphene citrate/human menopausal gonadotrophin(HMG)/human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG)-stimulated cyclesin 28 patients were investigated to determine the fate of eachof the matured follicles. A standard stimulation regimen wasadhered to, and ultrasound as well as hormonal monitoring wasperformed. All follicles were measured by vaginal ultrasoundat –12, +35 and +45 h relative to HCG administration andat 7 days after HCG administration. Of the 220 follicles, 107(48.6%) ruptured. The number of ruptured follicles per cyclewas correlated with the mid-luteal progesterone concentration(r = 0.63, P = 0.0005). The probability of follicular rupturewas related to follicular diameter at 12 h before HCG administration;6% of follicles <12 mm in diameter ruptured compared with87% of follicles 18–19 mm. A complete luteinized unrupturedfollicle (LUF) syndrome was observed in six cycles (20%). Inthese cycles, follicular growth and oestradiol, progesterone,luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)concentrations at 12 h before HCG administration were similarto those in cycles with follicular rupture. However, mid-lutealprogesterone concentrations were lower in complete LUF cycles(46.97 ± 8.95 nmol/1 versus 108.74 ± 12.27 nmol/1;P = 0.02). These data demonstrate that in stimulated cyclesmany follicles, usually the smaller ones, fail to rupture, evenafter HCG administration. Complete LUF syndrome, despite a strongexogenous ovulatory signal, and the absence of any differencein peri-ovulatory hormonal parameters, indicates that the defectcausing LUF resides in the follicle itself and/or hormonal changesduring the follicular phase. 相似文献
14.
Arthur I.D.; Anthony F.W.; Masson G.M.; Thomas E.J. 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1994,9(8):1417-1420
Serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1)concentrations were measured at the end of the proliferativephase in infertility patients undergoing normal menstrual cyclefrozen embryo transfer, exogenous hormone-supported frozen embryotransfer and in-vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment cycles.These patients were divided into five groups according to theirovarian follicular activity. The exogenous hormone-supportedfrozen embryo transfer group, who had no ovarian follicles,and the IVF groups (number of follicles ranging from 438)showed statistically higher serum IGFBP-1 concentrations whencompared to the normal menstrual cycle group (P0.01). Therewas no significant difference in the serum IGFBP-1 concentrationsbetween the exogenous hormone support frozen embryo transfergroup and the poor or normal response IVF groups (number offollicles ranging from 4 to 16). An IVF group that displayedan excessive response to our standard human menopausal gonadotrophinstimulation (>>20 mature follicles or oestradiol >>10000 pmol/1) showed a significantly higher serum IGFBP-1 concentrationwhen compared with the other groups (P = 0.001). This subgroupwas subsequently given a modified (follicle-stimulating hormone)stimulation regime which resulted in a significant reductionin serum IGFBP-1 concentrations (P << 0.05). There wasno correlation between serum oestradiol and IGFBP-1 overallor within the patient groups. We conclude that serum IGFBP-1concentrations in our down-regulated assisted conception cyclesdid not increase in line with ovarian follicular activity, unlessan excessive response was displayed. 相似文献
15.
V Barak N Mordel G Zajicek I Kalichman A J Treves N Laufer 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1992,7(7):926-929
The present study was performed to evaluate the correlation between follicular fluid levels of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and IL-2 soluble receptor (sIL-2R), oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone levels, oocyte fertilization, embryo quality and pregnancy rates. Twenty-eight patients with a pure tubal factor and undergoing in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer were randomly chosen and treated with gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) in the midluteal phase (long protocol) coupled with follicular phase administration of human menopausal gonadotrophin. Transvaginal follicular aspiration was performed 36 h after human chorionic gonadotrophin administration, followed 48 h later by embryo transfer. One hundred and twenty-three follicular fluids were sampled. The mean follicular fluid levels (+/- SD) were 2.30 +/- 0.80 fmol for IL-2, 458.2 +/- 236.0 units/ml for sIL-2R, 28.5 +/- 58.1 ng/ml for oestradiol, 2360.5 +/- 2846 ng/ml for progesterone and 7.22 +/- 7.08 ng/ml for testosterone. There was a significant (P less than 0.01) correlation between IL-2 and testosterone levels. No correlation was found between the lymphokines and serum oestradiol, follicular fluid progesterone, oocyte fertilization, embryo quality and pregnancy. It may be concluded that significant concentrations of IL-2 and sIL-2R exist in follicular fluid. Wide variations in follicular IL-2 and sIL-2R concentrations of different follicles were found in the same patients. 相似文献
16.
Upregulation of interleukin-8 by hypoxia in human ovaries 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yoshino O Osuga Y Koga K Hirota Y Yano T Tsutsumi O Fujimoto A Kugu K Momoeda M Fujiwara T Taketani Y 《American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)》2003,50(4):286-290
PROBLEM: To evaluate the effect of hypoxia on interleukin (IL)-8 expression in human ovarian follicles. METHOD OF STUDY: Follicular fluid (FF) from each follicle was separately collected from women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Concentrations of oxygen, progesterone, estradiol, IL-1alpha/beta, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in FF were measured. Isolated granulosa-lutein cells (GLC) from obtained FF were cultured under normoxic or hypoxic conditions, and concentrations of IL-8 in culture media were measured. RESULTS: Simple regression analysis demonstrated a significant negative correlation between the concentrations of IL-8 and oxygen in FF (r = 0.50, P < 0.0001). However, none of the concentrations of progesterone, estradiol, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha in FF showed a significant correlation with IL-8 concentrations. Hypoxia stimulated the secretion of IL-8 by cultured GLC over twofolds compared with a normoxic control (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that IL-8, like other angiogenic factors, is upregulated under hypoxic condition, which argues that hypoxia in the ovarian follicles comes into play in ovarian functions by inducing a range of proangiogenic and chemoattractive substances. 相似文献
17.
Reis FM Faletti A Luisi S Bifulco G Cauci S Quadrifoglio F Dor J Petraglia F 《Molecular human reproduction》2000,6(12):1079-1083
Inhibin production has been demonstrated in malignant epithelial ovarian tumours, but secretion of inhibins by benign cystadenoma has not yet been reported. The present study evaluated the concentrations of inhibin A and inhibin B and the relationship with oestradiol and nitric oxide metabolites in fluid collected from benign ovarian serous cystadenomas (n = 15). In addition, follicular fluid samples (n = 14) from women with regular ovulatory cycles undergoing ovarian stimulation for IVF were studied as a reference group. High concentrations of inhibin A (median = 89.3 ng/ml) and inhibin B (median = 116.1 ng/ml) were found in the cystic fluid of ovarian serous cystadenomas. These inhibin concentrations were even higher than in follicular fluid of stimulated follicles (inhibins A and B = 41.2 and 46.8 ng/ml respectively; P: < 0.001), whereas oestradiol was approximately 18-fold lower in cystic fluid than in follicular fluid (median = 34 versus 622 pg/ml, P: < 0.001). In ovarian cysts, the concentrations of inhibin A and oestradiol were inversely correlated (r = -0.678, P: = 0.008). Cystic fluid samples containing the highest concentrations of NO(2)(-)/NO(3)(-) (45-60 micromol/l) had lower inhibin A and higher oestradiol concentrations than those samples containing lower concentrations (10-25 micromol/l) of NO(2)(-)/NO(3)(-). It is concluded that high amounts of dimeric inhibins are present in ovarian serous cystadenoma. The source of inhibins and the determinants of the inverse association of inhibin A with oestradiol and nitric oxide remain to be determined. 相似文献
18.
The clinical role of interleukin-6 and interleukin-6 soluble receptor in human follicular fluids 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Kawasaki F Kawano Y Kosay Hasan Z Narahara H Miyakawa I 《Clinical and experimental medicine》2003,3(1):27-31
In order to investigate the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-6 soluble receptor (sR) in human ovulation, we evaluated
the concentrations in human follicular fluid and analyzed the correlation of IL-6 and IL-6 sR with oocyte maturation. The
oocytes were obtained from the follicular fluid of 45 women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. The concentrations
of IL-6 and IL-6 sR in follicular fluid were measured by ELISA. In addition, granulosa cells obtained from the follicular
fluid were cultured and treated with forskolin and 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate for 24–48 h. The concentration of IL-6 was significantly higher in the follicular fluid than
in the serum (P<0.01). In contrast, the concentration of IL-6 sR was significantly lower in the follicular fluid than in the serum (P<0.001). The concentrations of IL-6 and IL-6 sR were significantly higher in the follicular fluid containing mature oocytes
than in fluid containing immature oocytes (P<0.05). The production of IL-6 was markedly increased over the basal level after 24 h of treatment with forskolin(P<0.001) and 48 h of treatment (P<0.01) with cultured granulosa cells. Our data suggest that IL-6 and IL-6 sR may play an important role in follicular growth
and development in human preovulatory processes. It is possible that IL-6 in particular may be regulated by cAMP. IL-6 and
IL-6 sR might also be valuable biochemical markers in the evaluation of oocyte maturation.
Received: 6 July 2002 / Accepted: 18 December 2002
Correspondence to Y. Kawano 相似文献
19.
Cytokine regulation on the synthesis of nitric oxide in vivo by chronically infected human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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To determine if nitric oxide (NO) is produced by chronically infected human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) in vivo, inflamed exudates (periapical exudates: PE) collected from periapical periodontitis patients were examined. Cell-free supernatants and cells were separated by centrifugation. Significant levels of nitrite concentrations were observed in the supernatants. The production of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in highly purified PMNs derived from PEs was then immunocytochemically determined using rabbit anti-human iNOS antiserum. In vitro, human peripheral blood PMNs (PB-PMNs) isolated from patients were cultured with a combination of Esherichia coli-lipopolysaccharide (LPS), recombinant human interferon-gamma (rhIFN-gamma) and/or interleukin-1 beta (rhIL-1 beta). The stimulated PB-PMNs showed steady-state levels of nitrite. The stimulation of LPS, rhIFN-gamma and rhIL-1 beta showed more NO induction than that of LPS with either IFN-gamma or IL-1 beta, suggesting the synergistic effects of cytokines. Cryostat sections of surgically removed periapical tissues were also immunohistochemically examined for iNOS, IFN-gamma and IL-1 beta. Two-colour immunohistochemistry revealed the interaction of iNOS-producing PMNs and IFN-gamma- or IL-1 beta-producing mononuclear cells. On the basis of these data, we concluded that with the stimulation of inflammatory cytokines derived from mononuclear cells, PMNs can spontaneously produce NO at the site of chronic infection. The present studies are consistent with a hypothesis suggesting that PMNs could be regulated and delicately balanced to produce NO by mononuclear cell-derived cytokines in vivo. NO-producing cells may play a pivotal role in chronic inflammation. 相似文献
20.
Hurwitz A; Finci-Yeheskel Z; Milwidsky A; Yagel S; Adashi EY; Laufer N; Mayer M 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(4):774-779
To examine the participation of the theca-interstitial (TI) compartment in
cytokine modulation of ovarian function, the effects of interleukin- 1beta
(IL-1) on plasminogen activator (PA) activity and on prostaglandin E (PGE)
and nitric oxide (NO) production were examined in cultures of pregnant mare
serum gonadotrophin (PMSG)-primed rat TI cells. Exposure to IL-1 (10 ng/ml)
resulted in a 25% reduction (P < 0.001) in PA activity, concurrent with
a 4.6-fold increase in the ability of the corresponding conditioned media
to inhibit exogenous urokinase activity. IL-1 also produced a 4.7-fold
increase in PGE content and a 2.8-fold increase in NO generation. These
effects of IL-1 were abolished by the IL-1 receptor antagonist, suggesting
specific IL- 1 receptor-mediated effects. Transforming growth factor
(TGF)-beta1 (10 ng/ml) significantly attenuated the IL-1-stimulated PGE
production and NO generation but did not affect the ability of IL-1 to
suppress PA activity and stimulate urokinase inhibitor production. The NO
synthase inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine attenuated the IL-1-induced NO
generation but had no effect on PA activity or PGE production. Thus, NO is
not an obligatory mediator of IL-1 effects on plasminogen activation and
PGE generation in rat ovary. The present observations attest to a
pleiotropic response of PMSG-primed TI cells to IL-1, and suggest a
paracrine/autocrine function for the TI compartment in ovulation and corpus
luteum formation.
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