醒脑开窍针刺法对急性基底核脑梗死患者脑葡萄糖代谢的影响：多中心随机对照

目的 探讨针刺“醒脑开窍”组穴对急性脑梗死患者脑葡萄糖代谢的经穴特异性效应,,研究针刺治疗脑梗塞的中枢机制。方法 选取急性基底节脑梗死患者18例,分为经穴组（基础治疗+醒脑开窍主穴针刺）、非经非穴组（基础治疗+非经非穴针刺）和对照组（基础治疗）,每组6例。以脑梗死患者治疗前后PET-CT的18F-FDG（18氟标记脱氧葡萄糖）显像资料作为中枢代谢改善评价标准,从分子水平动态的观察针刺经穴、非经穴及无针刺干预对脑梗死全脑、脑梗死中心和梗死周围水肿带葡萄糖代谢的影响。结果 观察组患者全脑代谢、脑梗死中心和梗死周围水肿带代谢呈明显激活状态,其激活广度及强度均明显优于非经非穴组和对照组。结论 醒脑开窍针刺法治疗基底节梗死病人,可有效改善病人脑内相应部位葡萄糖代谢,与非经非穴相比有显著的特异性效应。     

Effects of acupuncture therapy on plasma neuropeptide Y levels and resuscitation in patients with very early stage acute cerebral infarction A randomized controlled study

BACKGROUND: It is known that acupuncture therapy can decrease plasma neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels in patients with cerebral infarction, but different types of acupuncture therapy used in various stages of cerebral infarction have not been evaluated.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of acupuncture therapy on resuscitation (Xingnao Kaicliao) and plasma NPY levels in patients with very early stage acute cerebral infarction.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: This case-controlled study was performed at the Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force between September 2004 and October 2005.PARTICIPANTS: Sixty patients with acute cerebral infarction of ≤ 6 hours were used in this study. Patients were randomly divided into an acupuncture therapy group (n = 30) and a routine treatment group (n = 30). Another 30 healthy subjects were used as the control group.METHODS: The acupuncture therapy of Xingnao Kaiqiao used in the acupuncture therapy group was based on routine western medical treatment and was performed at bilateral Neiguan (PC6) using the twirling, reinforcing-reducing method, Renzhong (DU26) using heavy bird-pecking needling, Sanyinjiao (SP6) using reinforcing and reducing by lifting and thrusting the needle, Jiquan (HT1), Weizhong (BL40) and Chize (LU5) using reinforcing and reducing by lifting and thrusting the needle. The acupuncture lasted for 14 days. Patients in the routine treatment group underwent routine medical treatment and no intervention was given to subjects in the control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A 4 mL venous blood sample was obtained at different time points, I.e., immediately after hospitalization, the next morning, 7 and 14 days after treatment, to measure plasma NPY levels pre- and post-treatment using the radio-immunity method.RESULTS: The plasma NPY levels were significantly higher in both the routine treatment group and the acupuncture therapy group than in the control group pre- and post-treatment (P < 0.01). In particular, the plasma NPY levels in both the acupuncture therapy group and the routine treatment group were increased 7 days post-treatment but decreased from 7-14 days post-treatment. In addition, the plasma NPY levels were significantly lower in the acupuncture therapy group than in the routine treatment group on day 7 and 14 post-treatment (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Acupuncture therapy of Xingnao Kaiqiao can decrease plasma NPY levels in patients with very early stage acute cerebral infarction. In addition, the therapeutic effect of acupuncture with a prolonged therapy time is superior to routine treatment.     

Changes in corticocerebral morphology in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury following ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao＂ acupuncture

BACKGROUND： Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury has been shown to induce inflammatory reactions, including white blood cell activation and adhesion molecule expression. These reactions often lead to aggravated neuronal injury. OBJECTIVE： To observe corticocerebral pathology, as well as ultrastructural changes, in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through optical and electron microscopy, and to investigate interventional effects of ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao＂ acupuncture （a brain-activating and orifice-opening acupuncture method）. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, neuropathology, animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between April and June 2004. MATERIALS： A total of 50 healthy, male, Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups, with 10 rats per group： control, sham-operated, model, non-acupoint, and ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao ＂. Transmission electron microscope （TEM 400ST） was provided by Philips, Netherlands. Electro-acupuncture treatment apparatus （KWD-8082） was provided by Changzhou Wujin Great Wall Medical Instrument, China. METHODS： Focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in the model, non-acupoint, and ＂Xingnao Kaiqiao＂ groups. Rats from the control group did not undergo any treatment. The sham-operated group received identical experimental procedures as the model group, except that the nylon suture was not inserted into the right internal carotid artery. At 1, 3, 6, and 12 hours following focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury induction, rats from the Xingnao Kaiqiao group underwent 1-minute acupuncture at the bilateral ＂Neiguan＂ （PC 6） acupoint, using a reducing method of lifting-thrusting and twirling-rotating. Subsequently, the rats were subjected to acupuncture at the ＂Renzhong＂ （DU26） acupoint 10 times by a heavy bird-pecking method. The non-acupoint group     

急性脑梗死患者血浆内神经元特异性烯醇酶的变化：病例对照

BACKGROUND： The plasma level of neuron specific enolase （NSE） can be used to diagnose and evaluate neuronal injury and predict early prognosis.
OBJECTIVE： To observe the dynamic changes in plasma levels of NSE in patients with acute cerebral infarction, and to investigate its correlations with disease severity and prognosis.
DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： This non-randomized, concurrent case-control experiment was performed at the Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between May and July 2007. PARTICIPANTS： Eighteen patients with acute cerebral infarction, who received treatment at the Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between May and July 2007, were recruited into the patient group. An additional 10 healthy individuals, who received health examinations simultaneously, were included as controls.
METHODS： Following admission （within 3 days） and at days 6, 12, and 30 subsequent to acute cerebral infarction attack, 3 mL venous blood was taken from each patient before the morning meal to determine the plasma level of NSE by enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay. One-time blood extraction was performed in each healthy subject during the health examination for the same purpose as in patients. At 6 and 30 days following acute cerebral infarction attack, CT examination was performed for calculation of cerebral infarction volume according to the Tada formula. Following admission and at 30 days of disease invasion, all patients were scored by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS, 13 items）.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Comparison of NSE plasma level between acute cerebral infarction patients and healthy individuals; correlations of NSE plasma level in acute cerebral infarction patients with cerebral infarction volume, NIHSS score, and prognosis.
RESULTS： Following admission and at days 6 and 12 of disease invasion, the plasma level of NSE was significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Following admission and at day 30 of disease invasion, the NIHSS scores of the patient group were 17.706 and 11.222, respectively. Following admission and at day 6 of disease invasion, the plasma level of NSE was positively correlated with cerebral infarction volume （r = 0.503, 0.435, P 〈 0.05）, but it was negatively correlated with NIHSS score （r = -0.571, 0.368, P 〈 0.05）. The plasma level of NSE was mostly correlated with cerebral infarction volume, followed by NIHSS score, and lastly prognosis, with regression coefficients of 0.386, 0.343, and 0.340, respectively.
CONCLUSION： The plasma level of NSE is higher in patients with acute cerebral infarction than in the healthy population. It can reflect infarct severity and predict early prognosis of acute cerebral infarction.     

立体定向穿刺引流术治疗基底节区脑出血的价值探究

目的探究立体定向穿刺引流术治疗基底节区脑出血的临床应用价值。 方法回顾性分析长江大学附属荆州市第一人民医院颅脑外科自2019年6月至2020年6月治疗的66例基底节区脑出血患者的临床资料，根据手术方式的不同分为2组，其中行传统开颅手术治疗的33例患者为对照组，采用立体定向穿刺引流术治疗的33例患者为引流组，观察并比较2组患者围术期指标、疗效、血清水通道蛋白4（AQP4）、血小板反应蛋白（TSP）1和TSP2水平、脑水肿体积。 结果引流组手术时间及住院时间均短于对照组，术中失血量低于对照组，血肿清除率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；引流组术后疗效较对照组好，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；引流组患者血清AQP4、TSP1、TSP2水平较对照组低，脑水肿体积较对照组小，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论立体定向穿刺引流术治疗可改善基底节区脑出血患者围术期指标、增强疗效、降低血清AQP4水平、减少脑水肿体积。     

Use of acupuncture to treat cerebral infarction in the last 10 years A Scopus-based literature analysis

OBJECTIVE: To identify global research trends in the use of acupuncture to treat cerebral infarction. DATA RETRIEVAL: We performed a bibliometric analysis of studies on the use of acupuncture to treat cerebral infarction published during 2002-2011, retrieved from Scopus, using the Key Words of acupuncture and cerebral infarction or ischemic stroke. SELECTION CRITERIA: Inclusion criteria: peer-reviewed articles on the use of acupuncture to treat cerebral infarction indexed in Scopus and published between 2002 and 2011; types of publications were original research articles, reviews, meeting abstracts, proceedings papers, book chapters, editorial material, and news items. Exclusion criteria: articles that required manual searching or telephone access; documents that were not published in the public domain; and corrected papers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (a) Annual publication output; (b) language of publication; (c) type of publication; (d) key words of publication; (e) publication by research field; (f) publication by journal; (g) publication by country and institution; (h) publication by author; (i) most-cited papers between 2002 and 2006; and (j) most-cited papers between 2007 and 2011. RESULTS: A total of 160 publications on the use of acupuncture to treat cerebral infarction from 2002-2011 were retrieved from Scopus. The number of publications increased gradually over the 10-year study period; most were written in Chinese or English. Articles and reviews constituted the major types. The most frequent key word used was acupuncture. The most prolific journals in this area were Zhongguo Zhen Jiu and the Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation. Of the 160 publications retrieved, half came from Chinese authors and institutions. Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine was the most prolific research institute. Two papers were cited 30 times; they were published in 2002 and 2009, respectively. CONCLUSION: In the field of neuroscience, there is little literature on acupuncture for cerebral infarction. The most-cited papers were cited 30 times in the past 3 years. We believe that, with advances in the study of mechanisms in neurobiology, research on acupuncture will also advance and will become the concern of more scholars.     

Fractional anisotropy of the corticospinal tract in normal adults Preliminary study using a diffusion tensor imaging technique

BACKGROUND: The corticospinal tract is an important tract for conducting motor function. The majority of studies focus on lesions of the corticospinal tract on appearance and function, whereas observation of normal corticospinal pathways can also improve understanding of lesion outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To observe the normal adult corticospinal tract using a diffusion tensor imaging technique to analyze fractional anisotropy (FA) in different levels of the brain. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Neuroimaging observation was performed in the MRI Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College in China, from October 2005 to October 2008. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 30 healthy adults were selected from the Department of MRI, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College in China, from October 2005 to October 2008, and people with nervous system symptoms and signs were excluded. METHODS: Participants with normal conventional MRI results underwent diffusion tensor imaging examination in a 1.5 T GE MRI (slice thickness 4-5 mm, slice gap 0) for gradient data acquisition from 15 directions. The scanning involved the entire brain from the inferior medulla oblongata to the inferior cranial plate. Imaging post-processing was performed to obtain FA values; a paired Mest was applied for statistical analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: FA values of the bilateral corticospinal tract in the medulla oblongata, pons, cerebral peduncle, basal ganglia, corona radiata, and centrum semiovale. RESULTS: FA values in the medulla oblongata and centrum semiovale were similar (P> 0.01). FA values of left corticospinal tract were significantly greater than the right side in the pons, cerebral peduncle, basal ganglia and corona radiata (P< 0.01). CONCLUSION: FA values vary by brain levels, including pons, cerebral peduncle, basal ganglia, and corona radiata. Moreover, FA values of the left corticospinal tract pathway were greater than the right side, which may relate to right handedness.     

慢性硬膜下血肿合并急性脑梗塞

目的 探讨慢性硬膜下血肿合并急性脑梗塞的病因、预防与诊断治疗。方法 总结慢性硬膜下血肿合并急性脑梗塞22例，结合献分析。结果 慢性硬膜下血肿合并同侧大面积脑梗塞3例，基底节区梗塞11例，其他脑梗塞8例，其中慢性硬膜下血肿术后脑梗塞12例。结论 血容量不足、凝血机制障碍、脑灌注压降低、血管痉挛、脑动脉硬化与心脏疾病是慢性硬膜下血肿合并急性脑梗塞的原因。血肿钻孔引流、纠正血容量、扩容、解痉、脱水、降颅压、神经保护和抗血小板聚集是其有效治疗手段。     

Functional imaging for disorders of basal ganglia]

The nigrostriatal dopaminergic function and regional glucose metabolism were evaluated in patients suffering from various disorders of basal ganglia by using positron emission tomography with 18F-dopa and 18F-FDG, respectively. The 18F-dopa uptake in the striatum (the caudate head and the putamen) decreased in patients with Parkinson's disease but was relatively unaffected in the caudate. The cerebral glucose metabolism was normal in patients with Parkinson's disease. The 18F-dopa uptake in the striatum also decreased in cases of multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy, but there was no difference in the uptake between the caudate and the putamen. The glucose metabolism decreased in the cerebral cortices and the striatum: this finding was also different from those of Parkinson's disease. A normal 18F-dopa uptake with a markedly decreased striatal glucose metabolism was observed in cases of Huntington's disease. The 18F-dopa uptake increased and the glucose metabolism was normal in cases of idiopathic dystonia. Various patterns of 18F-dopa uptake and glucose metabolism were thus observed in the various disorders of basal ganglia. These results suggest that the measurements of the 18F-dopa uptake and glucose metabolism would be useful for evaluating the function of the basal ganglia in various disorders of basal ganglia.     

急性脑卒中与便秘57例分析

目的 探讨急性脑卒中与便秘的关系。方法 57例脑卒中患者分成动脉粥样硬化血栓性脑梗死（ATI）组23例；腔隙性梗死（LI）组23例；脑出血（ICH）组11例，观察各组便秘发生率并进行比较。结果 脑卒中者第1周便秘发生率50.88％，显著高于正常老年人对照组（P〈0．05）。基底节区脑卒中者便秘发生率57．1％，明显高于非基底节卒中者（P〈0.05）。结论 脑卒中患者急性期常发生便秘，基底节区脑卒中者便秘发生率较非基底节区脑卒中者高。     

Combined treatment using acupuncture and music therapy on children with cerebral palsy Gross motor function measure comparison in 60 cases

BACKGROUND： The use of acupuncture has received recognition to effectively treat cerebral palsy. Moreover, music therapy can be used to modify treatment of cerebral palsy. OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of combined treatment using acupuncture and music therapy on gross motor function measure （GMFM） of children with cerebral palsy, compared with acupuncture treatment alone. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Randomized, controlled, clinical study. The experiment was conducted in Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2007 and September 2007. PARTICIPANTS： All children with cerebral palsy in the trial were from the outpatient department of Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The children were randomly divided into two groups： 30 children in Group B received acupuncture and music therapy, while 30 children in Group A received only acupuncture therapy. METHODS： Subjects in Groups A and B received acupuncture based on syndrome differentiation. The main acupoints were necessary for all participants. At first, flash needling was applied to the acupoints. For the remaining acupoints, the technique of transverse needling was applied to the head acupoints, and perpendicular needling was used for the other points. The inserted needles were twirled and then maintained for 30 minutes. The needle was twirled for one second every other 10 minutes, without reinforcing-reducing techniques. The therapy was performed every other day. The trial consisted of three periods each, and lasted for 84 days. Subjects in Group B received music therapy. They listened to music that they preferred while acupuncture was being performed. Following acupuncture, they were allowed to perform musical activities, such as percussion, singing, and dancing. The music therapy was scheduled for one hour, including listening to music for 30 minutes and music activities for 30 minutes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The comprehensive functional evaluation scale of cerebral palsy and the GMFM were applied to test sy     

Atypical Presentation of Postpartum Cerebral Angiopathy Shown as a Small Penetrating Arterial Territory Infarct with Severe Peri‐Infarct Edema

Postpartum cerebral angiopathy mostly occurs in the large or medium‐sized cerebral arteries. In this case, we aimed to report a case of postpartum cerebral angiopathy presented as an asymmetrical penetrating arterial territory infarct with severe surrounding vasogenic edema. A 26‐year‐old woman admitted because of sudden headache after an attack of seizure. On initial computerized tomography (CT), hypodense lesion in the right basal ganglia was observed. The diffusion‐weighted image on 5th day revealed focal acute ischemic infarction with surrounding extensive vasogenic edema in right basal ganglia. The CT angiography showed multifocal arterial narrowing of intracranial cerebral arteries that completely resolved on the follow‐up study. This case suggested that asymmetrical small penetrating arterial territory infarct can occur as an atypical presentation of postpartum cerebral angiopathy.     

Acupuncture promotes functional recovery after cerebral hemorrhage by upregulating neurotrophic factor expression

Acupuncture is widely used in the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage,and it improves outcomes in experimental animal models and patients.However,the mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of acupuncture treatment for cerebral hemorrhage are still unclear.In this study,a model of intracerebral hemorrhage was produced by injecting 50μL autologous blood into the caudate nucleus in Wistar rats.Acupuncture at Baihui(DU20)and Qubin(GB7)acupoints was performed at a depth of 1.0 inch,12 hours after blood injection,once every 24 hours.The needle was rotated at 200 r/min for 5 minutes,For each 30-minute session,needling at 200 r/min was performed for three sessions,each lasting 5 minutes.For the positive control group,at 6 hours,and 1,2,3 and 7 days after induction of hemorrhage,the rats were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mL aniracetam(0.75 mg/mL),three times a day.The Bederson behavioral test was used to assess palsy in the contralateral limbs.Western blot assay was used to examine the expression levels of Nestin and basic fibroblast growth factor in the basal ganglia.Immunohistochemistry was performed to count the number of Nestin-and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-positive cells in the basal ganglia.Acupuncture effectively reduced hemorrhage and brain edema,elevated the expression levels of Nestin and basic fibroblast growth factor in the basal ganglia,and increased the number of Nestin-and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-positive cells in the basal ganglia.Together,these findings suggest that acupuncture promotes functional recovery after cerebral hemorrhage by increasing the expression of neurotrophic factors.The study was approved by the Committee for Experimental Animals of Heilongjiang Medical Laboratory Animal Center(approval No.2017061001)on June 10,2017.     

脑卒中后认知损害与影像学分型的相关研究

目的探讨不同部位缺血性脑卒中急性期患者认知功能损害的特点。方法收集230例脑梗死急性期（1～14 d）患者,包括额叶31例,颞叶27例,顶叶26例,枕叶21例,基底节47例,丘脑35例,小脑23例,脑干20例;采用中文版蒙特利尔认知评估量表（Montreal Cognitive Assessment,MoCA）对受试者进行认知功能测评。结果 （1）各病变部位认知障碍的发生率不同;额叶组、颞叶组及丘脑组MoCA总分低于其他各组（P〈0.05）,顶叶组、枕叶组MoCA总分与基底节组、小脑组和脑干组比较有显著性差别（P〈0.05）;（2）额叶组在视空间及执行功能、注意认知域及MoCA总分值低于其他各组（P〈0.05）;颞叶组在命名、延迟回忆认知域分值低于其他各组,MoCA总分与顶叶组、枕叶组、基底节组、小脑组、脑干组有显著性差异（P〈0.05）;顶叶组及枕叶组MoCA总分低于基底节、小脑、脑干组（P〈0.05）;丘脑组在视空间及执行功能、注意认知域及MoCA总分低于顶叶、枕叶、基底节、小脑和脑干组,语言及定向认知域分值低于其他各组（P〈0.05）。结论不同部位脑梗死患者认知障碍的发生率及认知损害的特点不同。     

15例急性CO中毒伴发急性脑梗死的临床及MRI、MRA研究

目的评价MRI、MRA对急性CO中毒伴发急性脑梗死的诊断价值。方法回顾分析15例经临床确诊的急性CO中毒伴发急性脑梗死患者的头颅MRI、MRA资料。结果15例患者急性脑梗死病变部位:MRI为点状、片状异常信号;DWI表现为高信号;ADC为低信号;ADC值为(0.55±0.14)×10~(-3) mm~2/s;病灶直径(8.62±9.27)mm。病灶部位:10例脑叶,7例基底节及侧脑室旁,2例小脑,2例苍白球,1例脑干。12例侧脑室前后角白质周围片状、云雾状长T_1、长T_2异常信号病灶;11例双侧基底节及侧脑室旁点状长T_1、长T_2异常信号为陈旧性腔隙性梗死;7例脑萎缩。13例MRA表现:8例(61.53%)动脉狭窄,5例(38.46%)动脉管腔僵硬。结论应用头颅MRI、MRA对急性CO中毒伴发急性脑梗死的早期临床诊断、病情程度及预后的评估有一定的实用价值。     

大面积脑梗死病理学改变及内减压术对预后的影响

目的 探讨大面积脑梗死后脑组织的病理学改变及内减压术对预后的影响.方法 对9例重症大面积脑梗死患者行内减压术,以清除坏死脑组织为主,并对清除的脑组织行病理学检查.9例患者中2例因进行性脑梗死再行内减压术并去除骨瓣减压.结果 7例患者存活,1例术后发生颅内感染,术后10d放弃治疗,1例死于中枢性呼吸循环衰竭.病理学提示,9例均呈现细胞核核固缩、核溶解,同时伴有不同程度的组织空泡变性和中性粒细胞浸润.结论 重症大面积脑梗死患者无论是否发生脑疝,梗死区坏死脑组织是刺激脑组织加重脑水肿的异物,而内减压术可作为大面积脑梗死较理想的治疗方法.     

AIDS: calcification of the basal ganglia in infants and children

CT or postmortem examination demonstrated calcification of the basal ganglia in eight infants and children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Serial CT studies documented progression of both bilateral symmetric calcium densities and cerebral atrophy. Clinical features included progressive encephalopathy with dementia, and pyramidal tract signs. Postmortem examination of four children revealed variable degrees of calcific vasopathy of the basal ganglia, involving predominantly the putamen and globus pallidus.     

PET in generalized anxiety disorder

Positron emission tomography (PET) measurements of cerebral glucose use were made in 18 patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) during a passive viewing task off medication, and an active vigilance viewing task before and after medication or placebo treatment. In the passive viewing task, patients with GAD were compared with 15 normal controls. A significant difference in pattern of absolute brain metabolism was found. Patients showed lower absolute metabolic rates in basal ganglia and white matter. Relative metabolism was increased in the left inferior area 17 in the occipital lobe, right posterior temporal lobe, and the right precentral frontal gyrus. Significant left-right asymmetry of the parahippocampal gyri was not found in patients with GAD. An active vigilance task resulted in activation of relative basal ganglia metabolism in patients. Benzodiazepine therapy resulted in decreases in absolute metabolic rates for cortical surface, limbic system, and basal ganglia and was not associated with normalization of patterns of glucose metabolism. Change in anxiety scores was significantly correlated with change in limbic system and basal ganglia for the placebo group. The normal-anxious difference in the basal ganglia and the change seen in this region after benzodiazepine treatment are suggestive of a role in anxiety for this structure.     

伴有脑肿胀的大脑梗死恶化原因研究

目的探讨伴有脑肿胀的大脑梗死患者病情恶化的有关危险因素。方法纳入伴有脑肿胀的大脑中动脉闭塞病情恶化患者和同期大脑中动脉闭塞但是无病情恶化患者,比较入院24 h内常用监测指标(血糖、血压、GCS评分)、颈部血管彩超、头部DWl、头部CT、脑血管造影(MRA、DSA)。采用logistic逐步回归分析方法筛选危险因素。结果纳入伴有脑肿胀的大脑中动脉闭塞病情恶化33例患者和同期32例大脑中动脉闭塞但是无病情恶化患者,最终进入logistic回归模型的病情恶化危险因素有4个,分别是:高血糖(OR2.50;P=0.0446),DWI截断值145 ml(OR 6.98;P=0.0213),头部CT示低密度影50%MCA供血区且累及基底节、丘脑(OR 2.49;P=0.0404),血管造影(MRA、DSA)示受累血管超过MCA(OR 22.84;P=0.0119)。结论有脑肿胀的大脑梗死患者病情恶化存在4个有关危险因素:高血糖,DWI截断值145 ml,头部CT示低密度影50%MCA供血区且累及基底节、丘脑,血管造影(MRA、DSA)示受累血管超过MCA,并且血管造影(MRA、DSA)示受累血管超过MCA在4个预测病情恶化因素中起最重要的作用。     

急性动脉粥样硬化型脑梗死患者血清CXCL16水平与2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的探讨血清CXCL16水平与2型糖尿病、急性脑梗死的关系。方法选取2013年1月至2013年12月在石河子大学医学院第一附属医院神经内科住院的30例脑梗死患者(CI组)、30例2型糖尿病患者(DM组)、30例2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者(DM+CI组)及30例同期体检健康者(对照组)。比较各组受检者的总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、Hcy、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)、CXC趋化因子配体16(CXCL16)水平,采用Pearson相关分析CXCL16的相关因素;采用二分类Logistic回归分析2型糖尿病合并脑梗死的影响因素。结果 1 4组受检者TG、TC、LDL、CXCL16、Hb A1c、Hcy水平比较,除TC外,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);CI+DM组、DM组、CI组CXCL16的水平均高于对照组,其中CI+DM组最高[0.747(0.839),P﹤0.05];2血糖控制未达标(Hb A1c≥6.5%)者血清CXCL16水平高于血糖控制达标(Hb A1c﹤6.5%)者[(0.839±0.708)ng·m L-1与(0.526±0.865)ng·m L-1,t=-2.005,P=0.047];3 Pearson相关分析显示,血清CXCL16水平与NIHSS评分、Hb A1c水平均成正相关(r分别为0.318,0.376,P值分别为0.013,0.001)。结论 CXCL16在急性脑梗死及糖尿病患者血清中表达明显增高,与神经功能缺损程度及血糖水平有明显的正相关关系,可以作为评估急性动脉粥样硬化型脑梗死及合并2型糖尿病患者预后的一个指标。