Four new triterpenoid saponins from Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf. and their cytotoxic activity

Four new oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins, cyclamiretin A 3beta-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (1), cyclamiretin A 3beta-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (2), cyclamiretin A 3beta-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[beta-D-6-O-acetylglucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (3) and 3beta-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside]-16,28-dihydroxy-30-acetoxyoleana-12-en (4), along with one known triterpene saponin and ardisiacrispin A (5) were isolated from the rhizome of Ardisia gigantifolia. Their structures were established with the help of extensive spectroscopic techniques. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of compounds on tumor cells (MTT based) in vitro were evaluated, and compounds 1, 2, and 5 showed potent anti-tumor activities.     

Four new glycosides from Pleurospermum franchetianum

Four new glycosides, pleurofranosides I-IV, together with eight known compounds were isolated from the whole plants of Pleurospermum franchetianum Hemsl. Based on the spectral data and chemical evidence, the structures of pleurofranosides 1, II, III and IV were elucidated to be 16beta, 21beta, 23, 28-tetrahydroxyolean-12-ene-3beta-yl-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 13beta, 28-epoxy-16beta, 23-dihydroxyolean-11-ene-3beta-yl-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-fucopyranoside, 13beta, 28-epoxy-16beta, 23-dihydroxyolean-11-ene-3beta-yl-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[beta-D-fucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside and 12beta, 28-epoxy-16beta, 23-dihydroxyolean-11-ene-3beta-yl-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside. The known compounds identified were octadecyl caprate, beta-sitosterol, (22E, 20S, 24R)-5alpha, 8alpha-epidioxy-ergosta-6, 22-dien-3-beta-ol, daucosterol, alpha-spinasterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3, 7-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, kaempferol-3, 7-di-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside and kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside, respectively.     

Four new oleanane type saponins from Morina nepalensis var. alba

Four new oleanane type saponins, monepalosides G-J (1-4), were isolated from the water-soluble part of the whole plant of Morina nepalensis var. alba Hand-Mazz. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, their structures were determined as 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (monepaloside G, 1), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (monepaloside H, 2), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (monepaloside I, 3), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (monepaloside J, 4), respectively. Two-dimensional NMR spectra, including H-H COSY, HMQC, 2D HMQC-TOCSY, HMBC and ROESY were utilized in the structure elucidation and complete assignments of 1H and 13C NMR spectra.     

A triterpene saponin from Lysimachia thyrsiflora L

A triterpene saponoside (LTS-4) isolated from the underground parts of Lysimachia thyrsiflora L. was defined as 3-O-{beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl}-cyclamiretin A. Structure assignment was performed on the basis of spectroscopic data including homo- and heteronuclear 1D and 2D NMR (COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HETCOR, HMBC and DEPT) and FAB-MS studies. The compound was tested in vitro for antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity.     

Two new triterpenoid saponins from Symplocos chinensis

Two new triterpenoid saponins, symplocososides X (1) and Y (2) have been isolated from the roots of Symplocos chinensis, and their structures elucidated as 21beta-O- cinnamoyl-22alpha-O-(2-methylbutanoyl)-15alpha, 16alpha, 28-trihydroxyolean-12-ene-3beta-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 --> 2)]-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl (1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside (1) and 21beta-O-cinnamoyl-22alpha-O-(2-methylbutanoyl)-15alpha, 16alpha, 28-trihydroxyolean-12-ene-3beta-O-(3-O-acetyl)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1 --> 2)]-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl (1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside (2) by spectral and chemical methods. Their antitumor activities have also been tested.     

Triterpenoid saponins from Androsace umbellata and their anti-proliferative activities in human hepatoma cells

Two new triterpenoid saponins, along with five known ones, were isolated from the EtOH extract of the whole plants of Androsace umbellata. The structures of the new triterpenoid saponins were identified as 3- O-[ beta- D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)- beta- D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[ beta- D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]- alpha- L-arabinopyranosyl]-3 beta-hydroxy-13 beta,28-epoxy-16-oxo-oleanan-30-al ( 1) and 3- O- beta- D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)- beta- D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)- alpha- L-arabinopyranosyl-3 beta-hydroxy-13 beta,28-epoxy-16-oxo-oleanan-30-al ( 2) on the basis of their spectral and chemical properties. All these compounds showed significant cytotoxic activities in human hepatoma cells.     

Three new triterpenoid saponins from the seeds of Aesculus turbinata

Three new triterpenoid saponins, named isoescins VIIa (1), VIa (2), and VIIIa (3), were isolated from the seeds of Aesculus turbinata and identified by spectroscopic analysis and chemical hydrolysis. Their structures were established as 21beta-O-tigloyl-28-O-acetylprotoaescigenin 3beta-O-[beta-d-galactopyranosyl(1 --> 2)][beta-d-glucopyranosyl(1 --> 4)]-beta-d-glucopyranosiduronic acid (Isoescin VIIa, 1), 21beta-O-(2-methylbutyryl)-28-O-acetylprotoaescigenin 3beta-O-[beta-d-glucopyranosyl(1 --> 2)] [beta-d-glucopyranosyl(1 --> 4)]-beta-d-glucopyranosiduronic acid (Isoescin VIa, 2), and 21beta-O-angeloyl-28-O-acetylbarringtogenol C 3beta-O-[beta-d-glucopyranosyl(1 --> 2)] [beta-d-glucopyranosyl(1 --> 4)]-beta-d-glucopyranosiduronic acid (Isoescin VIIIa, 3).     

Saponins from the seeds of Achras sapota

A new pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin (2) along with one known was isolated from the cotyledons of Achras sapota. Their structures were determined with the help of (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR and MS spectral data. The isolated compounds were named as 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl protobassic acid (1) and 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-16alpha-hydroxy protobassic acid (2). Compound 2 showed antibacterial activity against Gram positive and negative bacteria.     

Two new triterpenoid saponins from Ardisia crenata

Two new triterpenoid saponins, ardisicrenoside K (1) and ardisicrenoside L (2), have been isolated from the roots of Ardisia crenata Sims. Their structures have been determined as 3β-O-{α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-α-l-arabinopyranosyl}-13β,28-epoxy-16-oxo-30,30-dimethoxyoleanane and 3β-O-{β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-α-l-arabinopyranosyl}-13β,28-epoxy-16α,20-dihydroxyoleanane by means of chemical evidences and spectral analysis. Their weak anti-fungal activity against the plant pathogenic fungus Pyricularia oryzae was evaluated in vitro.     

Triterpenoid saponins and anti-inflammatory activity of Codonopsis lanceolata

The ethanolic root extract of Codonopsis lanceolata were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using the carrageenan induced rat hind paw edema model and displayed a significant activity of 51.82% inhibition at 200 mg/kg at 3 h (p < 0.05). Further isolation of the extract yielded two new triterpenoid saponins, named codonolaside I (1) and codonolaside II (2). The spectroscopic and chemical data revealed their structures to be 3-O-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1->3)-(6'-O-methyl)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-30, 16a-dihydroxyolean-12-ene-28-oic acid 28-O-[P-D-xylopyranosyl (1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnpyranosyl (1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl] ester (1), and 3beta, 16alpha-dihydroxyolean-12-ene-28-oic acid 28-O-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1-->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1-->4)-alpha-L-rhamnpyranosyl (1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl] ester (2).     

细梗香草中的两个新三萜皂苷

目的对细梗香草(Lysimachia capillipes Hemsl.)全草的三萜皂苷成分进行分离和结构鉴定。方法通过大孔树脂纯化，硅胶和反相硅胶色谱分离正丁醇萃取物中的三萜皂苷；利用多种波谱技术并结合酸水解方法鉴定其化学结构。结果分离鉴定了2个三萜皂苷，其结构分别为3β，22α-二羟基-16α-当归酰氧基-28→13-内酯-齐墩果烷-3-O-［β-D-吡喃葡糖基-(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基］-22-O-(6-乙酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(I),3β,13β,22α-三羟基-16α-乙酰氧基-齐墩果烷-28羧酸钠-3-O-［β-D-吡喃葡糖基-(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基］-22-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(II)。结论化合物I和II为新的三萜皂苷，分别命名为细梗香草皂苷I和细梗香草皂苷J。     

Two new phenylpropanoid glycosides from the stem bark of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Acanthopanax trifoliatus</Emphasis>

Two new phenylpropanoid glycosides, 1-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-2,6-dimethoxy-4-propenylphenol (1) and 1-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-2,6-dimethoxy-4-propenylphenol (2) were isolated from the stem bark of Acanthopanax trifoliatus along with four known compounds (3-6). Their structures were established on the basis of spectral and chemical evidences.     

Antiviral, haemolytic and molluscicidal activities of triterpenoid saponins from Maesa lanceolata: establishment of structure-activity relationships

Ten saponins isolated from the leaves of Maesa lanceolata were tested for their antiviral, haemolytic and molluscicidal activities. The influence of the substitution pattern of these acylated triterpenoid saponins on their biological activities was investigated and structure-activity relationships were established. Maesasaponin VI(2) (3 beta-O-[[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)]-[beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranuronyl]-21 beta,22 alpha-diangeloyloxy-13 beta,28-epoxyolean-16 alpha,28 alpha-diol), the most potent molluscicidal compound (LC(50) 0.5 ppm), also showed virucidal and haemolytic activity. In general, 21,22-diacylation appeared to be associated with a virucidal (reduction factor of the viral titer > or = 10(3) at 50 microg/ml) and haemolytic activity (HC(50) < or = 1 microg/ml).     

Chemical constituents from the roots of Biondia chinensis

Two new triterpenoid saponins, biondianosides F and G, together with 13 known compounds, were isolated from the ethanolic extract of the roots of Biondiachinensis Schltr. (Asclepiadaceae). Their structures were characterized as 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-2alpha,3beta-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (biondianoside F) and 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-2alpha,3beta,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester (biondianoside G) by spectral and chemical evidence.     

Triterpenoid Saponins from Primula denticulata

Two triterpene glycosides denticin ( 1) and denticulatin ( 2) have been isolated from the whole plant of PRIMULA DENTICULATA Sm. and their structures were established by spectral and chemical studies as 3beta-{ O-beta- D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[ O-beta- D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)]- O-(beta- D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[ O-beta- D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha- L-arabinopyranosyloxy}-16alpha-hydroxy-13beta, 28-epoxyolean-30-al and 3beta-{ O-beta- D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)- O-beta- D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[ O-beta- D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)]- O-beta- D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[ O-beta- D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyloxy}-16alpha-hydroxy-13beta,28-epoxyolean-30-al, respectively.     

Five new cytotoxic triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Symplocos chinensis

Five new triterpenoid saponins, named symplocososides G-K, were isolated from the roots of Symplocos chinensis. Their structures were elucidated by spectral and chemical methods as symplocososide G, 3beta-O-{[beta- D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)][alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl(1-->4)]-beta-D-(3-O-acetyl)-glucuronopyranosyl}-21beta- O-[(2 Z)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienoyl]-22 alpha-O-(2-methylbutanoyl)-R1-barrigenol, symplocososide H, 3beta-O-{[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)][alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl(1-->4)]- beta-D-(3-O-acetyl)-glucuronopyranosyl}-21beta-O-[(2E)3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienoyl]-22alpha-O-(2-methylbutanoyl)-R1-barrigenol, symplocososide I, 3beta-O-{[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)][ alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl(1-->4)]-beta-D-(3- O-acetyl-6-O-methyl)-glucuronopyranosyl}-21beta-O-[(2 Z)3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienoyl]-22alpha-O-(2-methylbutanoyl)-R1-barrigenol, symplocososide J, 3 beta-O-{[ beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)][alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl(1-->4)]-beta-D-(3- O-acetyl)-glucuronopyranosyl}-21beta-O-[(2 Z)3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienoyl]-22alpha-O-benzoyl-R1-barrigenol, and symplocososide K, 3beta-O-{[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->2)][alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl(1-->4)]- beta-D-(3-O-acetyl-6-O-methyl)-glucuronopyranosyl}-21beta-O-[(2Z)3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienoyl]-22alpha-O-benzoyl-R1-barrigenol. Symplocososides G-K showed significant cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines KB, HCT-8, Bel-7402, BGC-823 and A549 with IC50 values ranging from 0.82 microM to 5.09 microM, except for symplocososide I against cancer cell lines KB, BGC-823, A549 and symplocososide K against cancer cell line BGC-823 with IC50 values >10.00 microM.     

Triterpenoid saponin from Primula elatior subsp. meyeri.

A new triterpenoid saponin, protoprimuloside B (2), has been isolated from the roots of Primula elatior subsp. meyeri and its structure deduced as 3beta-O-[[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-3)]-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-protoprimuloside B by means of spectral data, especially NMR (400 MHz), including 1H, 13C, DEPT, COSY, HMBC, HMQC, NOESY techniques and (+)FAB-MS spectrum.     

中药白头翁地上部分的三萜皂苷成分

为了研究白头翁地上部分的三萜皂苷成分，采用不同色谱技术对白头翁地上部分乙醇提取物的正丁醇部位进行分离纯化，并用波谱和化学方法鉴定化合物的结构。从正丁醇部位中共分离得到7个三萜皂苷类化合物，其结构分别被鉴定为2β-羟基常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(1)、3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(2)、3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖齐墩果酸28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(3)、3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)［β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→4)］-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(4)、3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(5)、常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(6)及常春藤皂苷元3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L相似文献   

薤中抗凝和抗癌活性成分的结构鉴定

从百合科葱属植物薤(Alium chinense)鳞茎的抗凝和抗癌活性部位中,分离得到了6个化合物。经过化学方法和光谱分析(IR,EI-MS,¹HNMR,¹³HNMR,¹H-¹HCOSY,HMBC,HMQC和NOESY谱),鉴定它们的结构分别为(25R,S)-5α-spirostane-3β-ol 3-O-｛β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyra-nosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside｝(1),(25R,S)-5α-spirostane-3β-ol 3-O-｛β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)](6-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1→4)-β-D-galac-topyranoside｝(2),(25R,S)-5α-spirostane-2α,3β-diol3-O-｛β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-D-glucopyra-nosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside｝(3),(25S)-24-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl 3β,24β-dihydroxy-5α-spirost-3-O-α-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),chinenosideI(5)及2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1-methyl-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylicacid(6)。化合物4为一新的甾体皂甙,命名为chinenosideVI。化合物1～3为3对甾体皂甙差向异构体。其中,化合物2的25S型异构体为首次报道;25R型异构体和化合物6为首次从本种植物中分得。此外,通过NOESY谱还首次确定了化合物6的相对构型,并对其C和H信号进行了确切归属。     

Chemical constituents of the rhizomes of Coeloglossum viride var. bracteatum

Seven new compounds, named coelovirins A-G (1-7), along with fourteen known constituents were isolated from the rhizomes of Coeloglossom viride var. bracteatum (Orchidaceae). On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic methods, including 2D-NMR techniques, the structures of new compounds were elucidated as 1-(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl)-(2R,3S)-2-isobutyltartrate (1), 4-(4-beta-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl)-(2R,3S)-2-isobutyltartrate (2), 1-(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl)-(2R,3S)-2-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-2-isobutyltartrate (3), 4-(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl)-(2R,3S)-2-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-2-isobutyltartrate (4), (2R,3S)-2-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-2-isobutyltartaric acid (5), bis(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl)-(2R,3S)-2-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-2-isobutyltartrate (6) and bis(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxybenzyl)-(2R)-2-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-2-isobutylmalate (7). The known compounds are 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 4,4'-dihydroxydibenzyl ether, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane, 4-(4-hydroxybenzyloxy)benzyl alcohol, gastrodin, quercetin-3,7-diglucoside, thymidine, loroglossin, militarine, dactylorhin A, dactylorhin B, beta-sitosterol and daucosterol.