HPLC测定戊己丸中盐酸小檗碱含量

目的:建立戊己丸中盐酸小檗碱的含量测定法.方法:采用HPLC测定含量,色谱柱为Gemini C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾(100 g/L氢氧化钾溶液调pH 5.0,35∶65),检测波长为246 nm,流速为1.0 ml/min;柱温为25℃.结果:盐酸小檗碱分离完全,加样回收率为97.82%,RSD为0.80%.结论:HPLC测定戊己丸中盐酸小檗碱含量简便、快速而准确.     

RP-HPLC法测定王氏保赤丸中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的建立RP-HPLC法测定王氏保赤丸中盐酸小檗碱的含量。方法采用反相高效液相色谱法测定,以Diamonsil-C18柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)为色谱柱,以乙腈-0.05mol/L磷酸二氢钾(28∶72)磷酸调pH3.0为流动相。柱温:室温,流速:1.0mL/min,检测波长:349nm。结果盐酸小檗碱在0.20~1.20μg范围内的线性关系良好,其线性方程为A=3673.7m+5.5251,r=0.9999,平均回收率为100.49%,RSD=1.46%(n=9)。结论RP-HPLC法测定王氏保赤丸中盐酸小檗碱的含量线性关系良好、精密度较好、准确度较高、稳定性良好,可用于王氏保赤丸的质量控制。     

HPCE测定戊己丸中盐酸小檗碱与芍药苷的含量

目的 建立同时测定戊己丸中盐酸小檗碱、芍药苷的高效毛细管电泳法,考察影响分离的各因素,确定最佳测定条件.方法 测定缓冲液为50 mmol/L的硼砂溶液:甲醇=1:1.5;未涂层石英毛细管(50 μm×64.5 cm,有效长度57.1 cm)为分离通道;操作电压30 kV;柱温25℃;检测波长230 mn;压力进样1.5 kPa×8 s.结果 盐酸小檗碱和芍药苷分别在0.037～0.460 mg/mL、0.037～0.463 mg/mL范围呈良好的线性关系,其平均回收率分别为99.22%和99.60%.结论 建立了快速、准确测定戊己丸中盐酸小檗碱、芍药苷含量的新方法 .     

新固肠止泻丸质量标准研究

目的:建立新固肠止泻丸质量标准。方法:采用TLC法对处方中延胡索和当归进行定性鉴别;采用HPLC法测定制剂中黄连所含有盐酸小檗碱的含量:色谱柱为Sphevisorb-C18(200mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(48:52)(每100mL加十二烷基硫酸钠0.1g),检测波长为265nm,柱温为室温,流速为1.0mL·min-1。结果:TLC法能检出延胡索乙素和当归;盐酸小檗碱在0.084~0.560μg范围内有良好的线性关系,平均回收率为98.51%、RSD为1.32%。结论:所建标准可用于新固肠止泻丸的质量控制。     

二妙丸中盐酸小檗碱在痛风大鼠体内药代动力学研究

目的：研究二妙丸中盐酸小檗碱在痛风大鼠体内药代动力学的参数,以探讨病理状态中盐酸小檗碱在痛风大鼠体内的变化规律。方法：以吴茱萸次碱为内标,采用HPLC法测定二妙丸在痛风大鼠体内的盐酸小檗碱含量,色谱柱Agilent C18（150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）;流动相：乙腈-水（40∶60）（每100 mL含0.34 g磷酸二氢钾,含0.17 g十二烷基磺酸钠）;流速：1.0 mL/min;检测波长：349 nm;柱温：30℃。结果：二妙丸中盐酸小檗碱在痛风大鼠血浆中的线性范围为1.5~48.0μg/mL,提取回收率较好,日内日间精密度的RSD均小于10%,其主要的药动学参数：Tmax（h）为1.500,Cmax（mg/L）为3.546,MRT 0~24（h）为9.078,MRT 0~∞（h）为57.639。结论：二妙丸中盐酸小檗碱在痛风大鼠体内的药代动力学呈二室模型分布。     

紫外分光光度法测定优赛清栓剂中两组分的含量

目的 :不经分离同时测定 4 氨基水杨酸钠和盐酸小檗碱的含量。方法 :采用紫外分光光度法在波长345nm处测定盐酸小檗碱的含量 ;在 2 98nm和 36 4nm处利用双波长法测定 4 氨基水杨酸钠的含量。结果 :4 氨基水杨酸钠的线性范围为 10 .2 μg/mL～31.5 μg/mL,平均回收率为 (97 98± 0 5 6 ) % ,相对标准偏差为 0 .5 7%(n =9)。盐酸小檗碱的线性范围为 5 1μg/mL～15 3μg/mL,平均回收率为 (10 1 8± 0 80 ) % ,相对标准偏差为0 79% (n =9)。结论 :采用紫外分光光度法测定栓剂中两组分的含量 ,方法简单、快速、准确度高。     

HPLC双波长切换法测定二妙丸中盐酸小檗碱、苍术素含量

目的:建立HPLC双波长切换法对二妙丸中盐酸小檗碱、苍术素的含量测定,该方法有利于二妙丸的含量测定及质量控制。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法;以0.02mol/L磷酸二氢钾(用磷酸调PH3.0)-乙腈(色谱纯)流动相梯度洗脱;流速:1.0m L/min;柱温:30℃;检测波长:270nm(0~10min,盐酸小檗碱)、340nm(10~20min,苍术素);结果:HPLC双波长切换法可同时测定二妙丸中盐酸小檗碱、苍术素的含量,盐酸小檗碱和苍术素分别在14.63~292.5μg/m L、0.54~10.75μg/m L和峰面积呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率(N=6)分别为99.8196%、99.2808%。RSD分别为0.6163%、2.1763%。结论:该方法准确、可靠、专属性强,为二妙丸的质量控制提供参考。     

HPLC法测定二妙胶囊中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的 建立二妙胶囊中主要活性成分盐酸小檗碱的含量测定方法.方法 采用高效液相法.色谱柱为Hypersil ODS2(5μm,250mm×4.6mm),柱温为室温,流动相乙腈-0.1 mol/L磷酸二氢钾(33:67),流速:1.0 mL/min,检测波长为345nm.结果 在上述色谱条件下,盐酸小檗碱在4.36～87.2μg/mL范围内具有良好的线性关系,平均回收率为99.0%,RSD=1.02%.结论 HPLC法简便、准确且快速,可作为二妙胶囊中盐酸小檗碱的含量测定方法.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定白带丸中芍药苷和盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的观察高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时测定白带丸中芍药苷和盐酸小檗碱的含量。方法采用高效液相色谱法。色谱柱:Agilent XDB-C_(18)(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸,梯度洗脱,流速:1.0m L/min,柱温30℃,检测波长:245nm。结果芍药苷和盐酸小檗碱线性范围分别为0.18~0.42μg、1.26~2.94μg,芍药苷平均回收率为99.0%,RSD为1.1%(n=6),盐酸小檗碱平均回收率98.8%,RSD为1.1%(n=6)。结论本法准确可靠、重现性好,为白带丸的质量控制和评价提供了依据。     

HPLC法测定皮肤丸中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的建立皮肤丸中盐酸小檗碱的含量测定方法。方法采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Welch MalerialsXB-C18柱,乙腈-0.02 mol.L-1磷酸溶液（体积比25∶75）为流动相,流速为1.0 mL·min^-1,检测波长为424 nm,柱温为35℃。结果盐酸小檗碱的质量浓度在3.814-38.14μg·mL^-1范围内与峰面积线性关系良好;平均回收率为99.1%,RSD为0.8%（n=9）;最低检测限为0.942 7 ng。结论本方法操作简便、结果准确,能有效地控制该制剂的质量。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.